There are four types of test items in common use today.

They are multiple-choice,

matching, true-false, and supplytype. The most used type is the multiple-choice
test item in one of several forms. Listed below are examples of some of the more
widely used forms.

Multiple-Choice Test Items

Multiple-choice test items consist of a stem or question and three or more
alternative answers with the correct answer sometimes called the keyed response
and the incorrect answers called distractors. Detailed information on the writing of
stems and alternatives can be found in Chapter 6.
Stem Presented as a Question. This form is generally better than the incomplete
stem because it is simpler and more natural.
Who is primarily responsible for maintaining an aircraft in an airworthy condition?
A. Pilot in command or operator.
B. Owner or operator of the aircraft.
C. The lead mechanic responsible for that aircraft.
Stem as an Incomplete Statement. When using this form, care must be
exercised to avoid ambiguity, giving clues, and using unnecessarily complex or
unrelated alternatives.
VFR cruising altitudes are required to be maintained when flying
A. at 3,000 feet or more AGL, based on true course.
B. more than 3,000 feet AGL, based on magnetic course.
C. at 3,000 feet or more above MSL, based on magnetic heading.
Stem Supplemented by an Illustration. This form is useful for measuring the
ability to read instruments, or identify objects.
(Refer to figure 1.) The acute angle A is the angle of
A. Attack.

B. Dihedral.
C. Incidence.
Multiple Response is Required. This form is a variation of the previous forms in
that it contains more than one correct answer, and students are instructed to select
all correct answers.
Which of the following statements is/are generally true regarding the charging of
several aircraft batteries together?
1. Batteries of different voltage (but similar capacities) can be connected in
series with each other across the charger, and charged using the constant
current method.
2. Batteries of different ampere-hour capacity and same voltage can be
connected in parallel with each other across the charger, and charged using
the constant voltage method.
3.Batteries of the same voltage and same ampere-hour capacity must be
connected in series with each other across the charger, and charged using
the constant current method.
A. 3.
B. 1 and 2.
C. 2 and 3.
Negative Variety Type. This form is not suggested but, if used, always emphasize
the negative word.
Which of the following is NOT considered a method of heat transfer?
A. Diffusion.
B. Conduction.
C. Convection.
Association Type. This form is useful if a limited number of associations are to be
made.
Which aircraft has the right-of-way over the other aircraft listed?
A. Airship.
B. Gyroplane.
C. Aircraft towing other aircraft.
Definition Type. This form is used to determine knowledge of a specific definition.
Aspect ratio of a wing is defined as the ratio of the
A. Wingspan to the wing root.
B. Wingspan to the mean chord.

C. Square of the chord to the wingspan.

Matching Test Items

Matching test items are used to test a student's ability to recognize relationships
and to make associations between terms, parts, words, phrases, clauses, or
symbols in one column with related alternatives in another column. When using this
form of test item, it is a good practice to provide alternatives in the response
column that are used more than once, or not at all, to preclude guessing by
elimination. Matching test items may have either an equal or unequal number of
selections in each column.
Matching-Equal Columns. When using this form, providing for some items in the
response column to be used more than once, or not at all, can preclude guessing by
elimination.
Directions: In the blank before each electrical term in the left-hand column, write
the letter corresponding to the unit of measurement which is most closely
associated with that term. Each unit of measurement may be used more than once
and some units may not be used at all.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____

Electromotive force
Electrical power, apparent
Electrical power, true
Resistance
Capacitance
Inductance
Current
Impedance

A. Watt
B. Volt
C. Ampere
D. Coulomb
E. Ohm
F. VAR
G. Farad
H. Henry

Matching-Unequal Columns. Generally preferable to equal columns.

Directions: In the blank before each phrase in the left-hand column, write the
letter(s) corresponding to the type(s) of drag which is/are most closely associated
with that phrase. Each type of drag may be used more than once, and some types
may not be used at all.
1. ____ Occurs when varied currents over an airplane meet
and
interact.
2. ____ Results from the turbulent wake caused by the
separation
of airflow from the surface of a structure.
3. ____ Caused by the roughness of the airplane's surfaces.
4. ____ Generated by the airflow circulation around the airfoil
as

A. Form drag
B. Induced drag
C. Skin friction drag
D. Static drag
E. Interference drag
F. Rolling drag

it creates lift.

G. Sliding drag

True-False Test Items

A True-False test item requires the student to determine whether a statement is
true or false. The chief disadvantage of this type is the opportunity for successful
guessing.
Directions: Circle the correct response to the following statements.
1. True or False. To operate within Class B airspace, the aircraft must have
two-way radio communication capability and a Mode C transponder.
2. True or False. An aviation maintenance technician must hold an Inspection
Authorization to legally conduct annual inspections on small aircraft.

Supply-Type Test Items

The aviation instructor is able to determine the students' level of generalized
knowledge of a subject through the use of supply-type questions. Short-answer
essay test items are the most common.
1. Describe the position of the elevator and ailerons when taxiing a tricyclegear airplane into a right quartering headwind.
_____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________
2. What conditions are used in determining the published value of VMC?
_____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________
Return to Professional Development
Proceed to Appendix B Instructor Endorsements
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Return to Dynamic Flight
Copyright 1999-2007 Dynamic Flight, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page Last Updated on: Nov-11-2003

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