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CEE 377
Winter 2015
CEE 377
CEE 377
y
Assignment
1Assignment
Assignment X 1
Winter 2015
W
Winter 20
1CEE
Axial
System Capacity
377377
Assignment
XX
CEE
Assignment
Due
January
14,
2015
2015Due January
14,
2015
The figure below corresponds to aa rearrangement
of one of the simple systems you analyzed in HW 1.
b
Winter
Wint
The
fbeen
f determined and are reported in terms of the applied load, P . The
member
forces
(demands)
have
DueDue
January
14, 2015
January
14, 2015
geometric and material properties are as follows: Ea = Eb =aEbc c= 29.000 ksi; Aa = 0.5 in2 , Ab = 0.75 in2 ,
E ,aALab, L
ca
abc
and Ac = 1.0 in2 ; La = Lc = 24ain,
b = 18 in.
Assignment
Assignment
Assignment
11 1
15
Winter
2
Wint
Winter
20
c bc
Pa b a
Eb , Ab , Lb
P
P
P inP2 , and Ac = 1.0 in2 ; La = Lb = 24 in, Lc = 18 in
Ea = Eb = Ec = 10.000 ksi;=Aa = 0.5 in2 , Ab = 0.75
a
24.8 k
2 12 k 2 2 2
2 22 2
2.4
4.8
=
0.0115
2 in
10.000
Ea ksi;
= EA
=kE
Ea0.5
=E
ink10.000
,A
=
ksi;
0.75
A
=
,0.5
and
in
A
, cA
=
1.0
in
;inL, ain
,and
and
=, and
L
=
=
24
1.0
in,
L2a2c; ;=
=L
18
=
L=bin,
=Lin,
24
bE
a=
c=
ain
b b,=
E
ksi;
Ain
,in
A
=
in
AcbA=
; in
L
Ecb10.000
=
10.000
ksi;
A
= in
0.5
A0.75
= 0.75
Ac c1.0
= in
1.0
L
=
Lin.
24
Lin,
=
a =
b =
c =
a =
b =
c =
bE=
a0.5
b0.75
aLa
b24
c18
Fy
0.2P
0.4P
2.4 k2.4 k
4.8 k4.8
4.8
in 12
k k4.8 k= 0.0115
= 0.0115
ink12 k
a abb b=c ca b c
PP
200 ft 100 ft 60 in 12 in
w0 M V +
0.2P0.2P
0.4P0.4P
a b
f f
ba
f a ,ffLa f
Ea , A
2 P=, sufficient
2 yielding
2 yield
20.5
2 cause
2, L
1. Determine
load,
to
initial
in, 1.0
the
structure.
The
stress=
is F 24
50
ksi L = 18 i
ksi;AA
0.5
,Ain
A
0.75
in
and
A
=
L
in,
A
Lin
,in
A
10.000
ksi;
A
=
,A
0.75
in
,Aand
=
;=LL
=
24
=
EE
AE
a
a1.0
000
ksi;
0.5
inin
,2the
0.75
,2 ,and
1.0
;2a;Lin
24b=in,
Lcin,
18c in
c= L
b ,A
b
a all
b =in
cb ,aL
ab b= L
a a==
b b=
c c=
a a=
for
the members.
Member
a:
y
CEE 377
9w0 L2 3L
Eba, A
E
Abb , Lb
=b , L
fya = Aa Fy = 0.5 in2 50
ksi = 25 k
128
8
Fya = a =
Assignment
a
Win
P +f
f = 0 (+ ")
=y Fy
bF
b
2
Due January 14, 2015 fyb =
A F = 0.75 in 50 ksi = 37.5 k
P =
f a f by
4@50 ft = 200 ft 100 ft 60 in 12
in
b =b =
b
f
=
0.4P
0.4P
=
37.5
k
Py = 93.75 k
y
L 4@50
L/2
M200
+ 100
0=
abc
4@50
ftb =w
200
ftV100
ft 60ftin6012
ft
ft
inin12 in
a
c
Member
c:
fL
fL/2
f
L
w0 M
L L/2
w0 VM+L
Va + a
b 1.0 in2 50 ksi = P
fyc = Abc Fyf=
50 k
=
f
b =
f a ffba ffcb fac Aa Ea
Ab E b
2
c
9w
2 0kL Py3L
f =ksi;
0.4PA
0.4Py =
50
= 125ink2 , and Ac = 1.0 in2 ; La = Lb = 24 in, Lc
Ea = Eb = Ec = 10.000
in
, Ab = 0.75
a = 0.5
Assignment
X
Winter
2015
Assignment
X0.0115
Winter
2015
X
Winter
2 82
12809w
Member 2.4
bAssignment
governs:
= 93.75
.
Note the
loadk sharing
is only
valid up2015
to this load level
k 4.8Pky 4.8
k k=
in 12
9w
Lanalysis
0 L3L 3L
EI, L
because it was based on an assumption of linear behavior.
0.2P8 0.4P
128 128
8
b
a
y14,
14,2015
2015
p
14,
2015
P
+ fdiagram
f below
= 0 (+
") all members have reached
2. Add arrowheads and value labels
to
the
free
body
assuming
2
b
a
b
a
a
full yield.
AFy cos
AFy
c ")
P +Pf +AfPafF=
=
ff 0b=(+
0f b")
(+
y A Fy A F y
aaabbbc4cc 2
a
P =Pf =
f af b f b
Pcap
P
PP
La a
Lb b
=
=
f L = 18 in.
2
2
2 f
a
2
a
b
2
2
2
2
2
2
10.000ksi;
ksi;AAA
0.5in
in,, A
,AA
0.75in
,and
andAAA
1.0
in;y;aL
;LL
=
24
in,
==EEE
==10.000
10.000
ksi;
==0.5
0.5
in
==0.75
0.75
inin,, and
==1.0
1.0
in
==Lin
LL
=
24
in,
=18
in.
=
in
24
in,
LL
AA
50
ksi
=ccc=
25
k18in.
a=
a0.5
A
E
ccc=
aaa=
bbb=
ccc=
aL
bbb=
aFE
b
b
La=
L
b Lbb
aa
a
b
=
f
=
f
4.8
k
4.8
k
=
0.0115
in
12
k
=
f
=
f
.8kk 4.8
4.8kk =
=0.0115
0.0115in
in 12
12kk
.8
a
b 2 b
AabA
FayEA
=aa0.75
ksi
Ea in A50
b EA
b b E=
b 37.5 k
0.2P 0.4P
0.4P
0.2P
0.4P
0.2P
v0 w0 EI, L
Ac Fy = 1.0 in2 50 ksi = 50 k
p
v0 wv00 EI,
L aL
w0 EI,
a
bbb F
ccc F
2
A
A
A
F
A
F
AAAaFFF
A
F
A
F
y
y
y
yy
yy
yy
AFy cos
pAF
py
1
4 2 2 2
AFyAF
cosy cos a AF
yAFy
aa bfbb the failure capacity load,P
4 , for
4f2 this
f2b structure.
3. Use the result above to
Pcap
cap
ffafobtain
ff
P +P50
PA
f a + fyb + fyc = 25 k + 37.5 kcap
112.5
k
Ea ,cap
Ak a=, L
,A
,L=
L
a
EEE
a,a,L
aa,a,A
acap
aaa y
Member b:
Eb , Ab , Lb
,AA
,LL
EEE
bb,b,A
bb,b,L
bbb
==
aaa=
FFF
yyy
Fy
CEE 377
4. What is the ratio of the ultimate capacity, Pcap , to the first yield capacity, Py ?
Pcap
112.5 k
=
= 1.2
Py
93.75 k
5. What would the ratio of the ultimate capacity, Pcap , to the first yield capacity, Py be in the case of a
single-member structure (i.e., just one rod)?
Py = Pcap
Py
= 1.0
Pcap
Thus in this case the 3-member structure has a reserve capacity of 20% beyond first yield, while a
single member structure would have no reserve capacity. Note that factors of safety applied in each
case would not represent consistent factors of safety against collapse.
Lfa =a 0 (+ ") Lb b
f
f
b =
Aa E a
A E
P = fa fb b b
La a
Lb
f a =b =La f af b b = Lb f b
a =
Aa E a
AaA
EbaEb
Ab E b
v0 w0 EI, L
La a
Lb b
CEE 377
f
f
a =
b =p
A2b Eb
a
v0 w0 EI, L v0 w0 EI, L Aa E
AFy cos
AFy
2 MDOF Spring Systems 4 2 v0 w0 pEI, Lv0 w0 EI,
pL
2
v0 w0 EI, L
2
Pcap
AFy cos
AF
y
AF
cos
AFy
Consider the simple spring structure as shown
p below: 4 2 y
4 2
2 d e Pf
Pcap
AFky acosk b k c kAF
ky kcap
4 2
Pcap a b c d a e b f c d e f
k k k kk k k kk k k k
P +=
f
a
ka kb kc kd ke kf
1
P1 ,
P = fa
a
fPb = f
La Lba
L
La a
fa = 3b = f f bb =
Aa EA
Ab
Aa E a
a b Eb
p
p
2
cosy
AF
AFy cos AFyAF
4 2
4 2
Pcap
Pcap
a
b
c
d
e
k a k b k c kk d kk e kk f k k
P2 , P12,
P2 ,
1
We know the loads and displacements can be related through an expression of the form
1
{P } = [K] {}
Because this is a 2-DOF system (two joints can move), we know further we can write
P1
K11 K12 1
=
P2
K21 K22 2
1. Use the direct physical stiffness approach to construct the system stiffness for this system column by
column.
(a) Apply a unit displacement at joint 1 and determine the corresponding joint loads (this gives the
first column of the stiffness, to be filled in below).
(b) Repeat for the case of a unit displacement at joint 2.
Solution:
a
k + kb + kc
[K] =
k c
k c
c
k + kd
2. Use the following numerical values to determine the corresponding numerical system stiffness: k a =
100 k/in, k b = 150 k/in, k c = 200 k/in, k d = 50 k/in.
Solution:
450 200
[K] =
200 250
3. Construct the system load matrix for the case of a 20 kip load applied at joint 1:
{P } =
P1
P2
20
k
0
E4.8
=
E
=
10.000
Aa in
= ,in
0.5
in=kb,c0.75
Abc =
,Lbcand
A
= ;1.0
; LcL
EEcbk==
ksi;
= 0.5
A, 12
inc0.75
,aand
kEc4.8
4.8
kE
k2.4
0.0115
0.0115
4.8
in=
k0.54.8
k
in
kP
E2.4=kE2.4
=kE
==k10.000
ksi;
A10.000
ink12
,AA
1.0
inin;A
=1.0
Lcbcin
24Lin,
c 12
a
ba=
aksi;
band
ain=L
b 4.8
a
b=
a=
A=a0.0115
F0.75
AAa2inbF
F
A
F
y0.4P
yy A
yy A A
y Fy 2 2A Fy A Fy2
2.4a k 4.8
k 4.8
k=kE
=2.4
0.0115
in10.000
124.8
k=10.000
0.2P
2 FF
2
2
2A
2
E
=
E
=
E
=
ksi;
A
=
0.5
in
,
A
=
0.75
in
,
and
A
=
1.0
in
; LL
E
=
E
=
ksi;
=
0.5
in
,
A
=
0.75
in
,
and
A
=
1.0
in
;
L
=
k
4.8
k
k
=
0.0115
12
k
2.4
4.8
k
4.8
k
0.0115
in
12
k
0.2P
0.4P
0.4Pa bc 21.0
0.2P
Ea2.4
=kEb 4.8
= Ekc4.8
=
0.5 in , AP
= 0.75
in , band
in ;0.4P
Lc = L
24 in,
0.0115
c 212
c
a= 10.000
ba = ksi;
cb Aa in
a b 0.2P
a L
2aa
abcL a =abL
bc a =
bccbin,
ab 18ci
a
a c Lc =
aA
bc =
bF
c inA
bA
0.2P
0.4P
Ea = Eb = Ec = 10.000
ksi;
A
=
0.5
in
,
A
=
0.75
in
,
and
1.0
;
24
a
b
a
b
c
A
F
A
A
F
F
A
F
F
A
A
F
F
A
A
F
F
A
A
F
F
A
A
F
F
A
F
A kFin
A
AF
A Fyy0.4P
Ayyy0.4P
yyyy Fy A
yyy F
y y y yy
4.8kkin4.8
= 0.0115
12
kFy0.2P
2.4 k 2.4
4.8
k 4.8
= k0.0115
in0.2P
12
0.2P
y0.4P
y A
y
y Fy A
2.4 k 4.8 k 4.8
= k0.0115
12
2
Ea2.4
=kEb 4.8
= Ekc4.8
= 10.000
Aa in
= 12
0.5kin2 , Ab A
=a F
0.75A
inb2F, and
k = ksi;
0.0115
cAc = 1.0 in ; La = Lb = 24 in, Lc = 18
0.2P
0.4P
0.4P
A F
by 20.4P
bcy20.2P
a
b 2
acA
CEE
4y = 25 k
Fay0.2P
FFy0.5
FFksi
F
Ain
Aa0.2P
FaAyayA
=
0.5
FAbyAain
=
50
in
50
=
FF
25
ksi
k=
25
kFy A
50c Fksi
yA
y
yAA
y0.5
yy=
2.4
k 377
4.8 k 4.8 k = 0.0115 in 12 k
0.4P
cA
A Fay A Fby AAF
ab
bc
c
a cy
FF
A FFyy22 A
F0.75
yy 2aA
y
2
2y2aA
2 2aFy2
aA
a
aAFF
2
y 2
a =
ain
Ab0.2P
FA
AyFby0.4P
0.75
FayA
=
in
in
ksi
A
50
=
F
37.5
ksi
=
0.75
=
kc=
37.5
in
ksi
=
37.5
k50
A
A
=
0.5
F
in
=25
0.5
50
in
A
50
=
F25
25
ksi
=
=0.5
25
in
k
A
Fa50
A
=
0.5
FbFA
0.5
50
in
ksi
A
=
F50
25
ksi
=
k=
0.5
in
kk25
k
A
A
=
0.5
F
in
=
0.5
in
ksi
=
F
25
ksi
k
0.5
in
kkc50
50
ksi
yF
y=
y
y=
yc50
yy50
yksi
a
b
b
1
y
y
a
b
4. Invert the system stiffness to obtain [K] .
A
F
A
F
A
F
A
F
A
F
A
F
A
F
A
F
A
F
y
y
y
y
y
y
y
y
y
a
b
c
a
c2y
2F
bkc b b2 2
b2=2a25b2
22 b2 2 b
2
bA=
FcyA
F
A
=
0.5
in
50
ksi
y20.75
ayA
a
F
A
1.0
F2by0.75
in
=
1.0
50
in
ksi
50
=
F
ksi
=
ky0.75
=
1.0
in
k37.5
50
ksi
=
50
AA
F=
A
0.75
Fin
0.75
ksi
50
in
ksi
A25
50
=
F
37.5
ksi
0.75
=
A
FA
=
A
0.75
F
in
50
ksi
A
=
F
=
0.75
kky37.5
kk375ki
F
=
A
FA
=
in
50
in
ksi
A
50
=
F
37.5
ksi
=
0.75
=
kin
in
k
50
ksi
=ink37.5
y0.5
y=
AFA
y50
y50
y50
y
y37.5
y
yc50
1
F
A
=
F
in
=
0.5
in
ksi
=
F
25
ksi
k
=
0.5
25
k
50
=
y
y
y
a
b
a
2
1Fy2aA
ab FA
b =
d F
ba= 25 2k
Fy=
A
0.5
in
50
ksi
2
y
y
a
2
c
c
2
2
c
c
c
2
2
c
2
Recall : A
cb 0.5
2 ksi
225
Ac A
FbdyF=y A
0.75
inA
ksi
37.5
kcin
A
Fy=50
=
0.5
in50
50
ksi
=
25
kksi
Ac1.0
Fy50
=
0.5
in
50
ksi
=
25
2c
2
b=
250
=
in
50
k50
A
F
=
A
1.0
F
in
=
1.0
50
in
A=
50
=
F50
50
ksi
=
=1.0
5050
in
k
A
F
A
1.0
F
=
50
in
ksi
=
F50
ksi
=
k
1.0
in
kk50
k
y=
yin
F
F
=
ksi
A
=
F
=
ky=
1.0
in
kAk250
50
ad
bc
y=
yy
yksi
y1.0
A
0.75
Fyy=
=
in
ina1.0
Ain
50
=
F
ksi
=
0.75
=
kksi
37.5
y237.5
bA aFy =
2 20.75
aksi
2 in k 50 ksi = 37.5 k
a 50
A
F
=
0.75
in
50
ksi
=
37.5
k
A
F
=
0.5
in
50
ksi
=
25
k
A
F
=
0.5
in
50
ksi
=
25
k
cA
2
b
2
b
2
F
=
0.5
in
50
ksi
=
25
k
y in
yksi
250
y =
cbyyF=
A
F
1.0
in 50
=
k37.5
F
0.75
5037.5
ksi =
F
0.75
50
ksi
k 37.5 k
c20.75
2 ksi
225
2 =
A
in
50
ksi
=50
kinin
yc50
y50
yA
Aa1
FAy cA
=
0.5
in
==
F
1.0
F
in
=A
1.0
in
ksi
Ak50
=
F
ksi
k
=1.0
50
0.0034483
y =
y 0.0027586
y 2=
2
b
2k 50 ksi = 50 k
b
b
2
[K]a A=A
2
a
b
a
b
a
b
F
=
1.0
in
50
ksi
=
50
k
A
F
=
0.75
in
50
ksi
=
A
F
=
0.75
in
50
ksi
=
37.5
c
2
c
2
Fy in
= 1.0
0.75
in
50
ksi
cy0.5
2 F
0.0062069
A
Fy =
=0.0027586
==
fyy50
fksikf=k5037.5
Af25
Ffkyy=in
=kf5037.5
1.0
inkksi
=
5050
k k
1.0
k 50
A
F
inA
ksi
y =
Ab F
0.75
in250
50ksi
ksi
=
37.5
y
c
2
2c F =
b
2 in
b 50
a kb
a =
aksi
AE
F
=k50
inf2ksi
50
A
in
a,1.0
bA
a,1.0
a
Ac0.75
Fy =in
ksi
kab50
y=
y,50
A
50
ksi
=
37.5
c Fy =
21.0
f bE
ffa50
ffkab=
fa fb
E
A
L
,
L
,aA
, fL
f
f
f
f
f ab f
a
a
a
a
a
7
A using
Fy ={}
1.0=in
{P
50}.ksi = 50 k 4
5. Determine the system displacements
[K]1
a b
c
2
faE
77
CEE 377
4, LE
4,LE
4L
bA
a
bA
,aaA
, AaE
, aE
La,,bafE
A
,b,A
, La
,=
E
,A
,aLL
A
L,baA
,b Laa, LaEa , AaE
aa
a
A Fy = 1.0 in f50
fksi
bE
,b50
ba
a
a ,b L
aaE
fk,bbA
fE
a20 bf af0.068966
0.0034483
0.0027586
1
1
f
f
b
b
ert the system stiness to obtain [K] .
=
fL
fAa ,fELbb ,fAabE
Ea , Af0aa, L
f=
a
,A
Abb,E
,L
L
2
0.0027586
0.0062069
0.055172
=
E
AabE
, aL
E
A
bb,b,ALbb, Lb Eb , Ab ,EL
bb,ba
aa
b ,=
b ,b=
b b b Eaa ,,E
1
1
1
E
,
A
E
,
L
A
a
a
a
a
b , aLa b
a
evert
system
the system
stiness4.
stiness
toInvert
obtain
to
the
[K]
obtain
system
. [K]
stiness
.
to
obtain
[K]
.
a, L b
1
f
f
f
f
E
,
A
f
f
a
a
a
4 ,L
1
a b
d
b
b ,bA
E
, La ,aaA=a , LaaaF=
E
a ,L
a,bF
a
f aEbfE
Fa , AaE
Recall
=
: 1
, A
a =
a =
yba =
1
1
L
A=
Eb , Ab , L=
bd, A
bE
b ,yba
b , Lyba =
1
4
a b c a d b 1 ad d1bc bacd ba eb
b
a
b
e
E
,
A
,
L
E
,
A
,
L
E
,
A
,
L
E
,
A
,
L
a
a
a
b ab a
6. Recall
Calculate
the :force=in each
member
ia) =
: Recall
= Recall
: using f ==k (fj bf
, LF
, Aab ,ELabb,aFA
bFbyy =
c d c dad bc ad c bc a c c d a
ab ,bL=
bc,aA=
bFy=E
Fy
Ea , A
, aL
ad
bc aE
F
Fy Fy
yba =
b b=
y
m stiness to obtain [K] 1 .
a
a
0.0034483
0.0027586
1
E
,
A
,
L
E
,
A
,
L
Ab , Lb
b
b
b bb b
aL
b ,=
Ea , AaE
,F
[K]
m stiness to obtain [K]
1 . ft
ft
=in F
a = ba== bb =
=b =b =
Ebft
, A60
4@50
4@50
=1 200
ft=
=
ft 200
100
ft 4@50
100
60 0.0062069
inftft
12
60
=in
in200
12ft
in100
inybaFa12
b =
b, L
b y=
b =
0.0034483
0.0034483
0.0027586
F
1 1 0.0027586
1
a d0.0027586
a b 0.0027586
y
y
a[K]b 1 =[K]0.0034483
= 100 k/in 0.0690 inF= 6.90
k
= f = k ([K]
1 0) =
=
=
Recall : L L/2
=
=
a
a
y
a
0.0027586
0.0062069
0.0027586
0.0062069
,12
A
,in
L
L/2
w0.0027586
V +
M
Vab200
L
+0.0062069
L/2
w
VEftft
b+
bin
bft
0 M
0ft
c db 1 Lw
F
F
=
ad
bc
F
14@50
b200
a
dcft
y
4@50
4@50
=ft
200
ft
=
200
100
4@50
100
60
ft12
12
60
=
in
in100
200
12=
100
60in
iny b12=in
4@50
=
=
ft
200
100
ftM
4@50
100
60
ft
60
=
in
ft
in
ftin60
inyft12
=
=
ft
ftc 0200
100
ft
ft
4@50
100
60ftft
ft
60
=
in
12
ft
inin100
ft
60
in
12
in
a
=
a ft
b4@50
ac 200
b =
ain
b12
cin200
Recall : 4@50
=
b
b
1
f {fbc} bL
f
f
f
ermine the system displacements
= [K]
{P
}.
cf d f ffusing
cL/2
a
F
F
=
ad
FM
y
bw0L/2
b L
y kw
Lw
w
M
V0 L
+
M
V=
+
M V b+
w
ML/2
V150
M
VM
+
L/2
V0 +
L L/2
LwL/2
M
V
M
VL/2
L
+
w
V
0+
0L/2
0L/2
a+
= b y=
0ft
0 k+
0w
4@50 ft1 = 200
ft 100
60
12
in
fw
=
(L
0)
=
k/in
0.0690
inL
= b10.3
=
11
0.0034483
0.0027586
1in
1 F
y 12cain
displacements
4@50
ft
4@50
200
ft
=
ft
200
100
ft
ft
4@50
100
60
in
ft
ft
12
60
=
in
in
200
12
ft
in
100
ft
60
in
etermine
e the system
the system
displacements
5.
Determine
using
the
{
system
using
}
=
[K]
{
displacements
}
=
{P
[K]
}.
{P
using
}.
{
}
=
[K]
{P
}.
a
b
a
c
b
c
b
c
a
b
a
c
b
c
a
b
a
b
a
c
b
c
a
b
c
[K]
==
f Lf29w3L
ff ff f0.068966
f f 9w
2 b =
f00.0034483
f 100
ff +ft
f0.0027586
ff inf12ffin20
f f f F
0.0027586
0.0062069
4@50
= =
200
ft
60
L ft
L/2
w0.0027586
M
V
3L b =
9w0 L2 3L
0.0034483
0L
y in b0=
=60
4@50
11L/2
L/2
ft
L/2
w
in
4@50
ft
=
200
100
ft
60
in
12
4@50
ft
=
200
ft
100
ft
12
in
L
L
w
M
w
V
+
M
V
L
+
M
V
+
ft
=
200
ft
100
60
in
12
in
0
0
0
[K]
=
=
c
c
c 0.0027586
0.0062069
0200.068966
0.055172
b 20in 0.0690
0.0034483
0.0034483
0.0027586
0.068966
0.068966= 2.76 k
f 0.0027586
=
(
200
k/in(0.0552
0.0027586
0.0062069
1f
1f
1 k 20
La=L/2
fa2b0.0034483
2=
1) =
0acM
bw
b V0.0027586
c+
a
b
c
=
=
=
=128 in)
128
128
82
28
2 8 L29w
2L
4@50
ft
=
200
100
ft
60
in
12
in
4@50
ft
=
200
ft
100
ft
60
in
12
in
L
L/2
w
M
V
+
L
L/2
w
M
V
+
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
4@50
ft
=
200
ft
100
ft
60
in
12
in
L
L/2
w
M
V
+
0
0
9w3L
3L
LL229w
9w0 L2 9w3
0
9w
3L
=
0.0027586
0.0027586
0.0062069
0.0062069
0
0.0027586
0
0.055172
0.0062069
0.055172
0
0.055172
0 3L3L
0
009w
a
b
c
0 L 9w3L
0 L 9w
0 L3L
b
2
1 in 12
fa 2 f{bft }100
4@50 ft2f=using
200
ftfL60
ystem displacements
a{P b}. cain b c
c= [K]
M V +
L/2
V0 +
fMfw
f+d fLw0L/2
2
fL L/2
f fw0 M V
128
128
88 8 8 128 1
d
128
8 b128
9win)
e= kin
b 2.76
abk 2 128
a8
a 128
0 L=
2 3L
28 128
4@50
ft
=
fb}.k12
(0b i
=using
200
in
L in
L/2
w
V
+ftf60
ystem
[K]
culate displacements
the
force
each
f1ae{P
(
c) 2 ) = 50 k/in(0.0552
ca j
amember
bft }100
c=using
0 {M
9w
L
9w
3L
L
3L
9w
L
3L
P
+
f
P
+
f
f
=
0
f
(+
=
0
P
)
(+
+
f
)
f
=
0 (+ )
0
0
0
f
f
f
f
2
f
f
f
0.0034483
0.0027586
20
0.068966
1
beach
c member
9w
L
3L
e
e
e
e=
e
e
2
2
0
=a6.
128
8
2
the
L/2
alculate
the force
in force
each
in
member
Calculate
using
the
f
force
using
=
k
in
f
(
each
=
k
member
(
)
using
)
f
=
k
(
)
L
w
M
V
+
f
f
f
j0
i j0.055172
i
j
i 9w L
Lbbb 3L
3L
0
a 80 L
b8 a aa
b 9w
0.0027586
0.0062069
8=abPf9w
b 128
2
0.0034483
0.0027586 20
0.068966
1
P3L
P
fP
fPba+
f+
f (+
P
=
(+
0fb)P
)b (+
+f) fa b)=
+
f0)ffa128
0bf)ffaaP
(+
=
)=
+
P 128
+0 f P
0f=af(+
0+P
(+
f=00fP
0=f(+
2=f+
2=
=a f b f c
=
128
2 8+ff =
f
3L
3L
0.055172
0 L 9w
a
128
8a
128
80 L 3L
2
128
8 9w
b 29w
a0 L
f 0.0027586
= k a ( 1 0.0062069
0) = 100 k/in0 0.0690
in = 6.90 k
aa a bba b b
a
bbaP = af
bP
9w
L
3L
P
+
f
f
=
0
(+
)
b
a
b
a
0
P=
=Pff(+
fb=
P f=)fff f Pf =
P
=
f
P
=
f
f
f
a
a a
a e
a
a
P
+
f
P
+
f
f
=
0
f
(+
=
0
P
)
(+
+
f
)
f
=
0
128
8
128
8
128
8
e
= k f( 7.
=
k 0)
==
=j 100
fand
0.0690
k/in
=k
( in0.0690
= 6.90
0)in
=k=
100
6.90
k/in
k 0.0690
k
bin 2= 6.90
a verify
1 Add
1 100
rce in each fmember
using
f( arrowheads
k 0)
(k/in
to3L
your
solution
satisfies
equilibrium.
i ) values1 to the free body figures
9w
P+
fbelow
=
0
(+
)
a
b
b
a
b
a
0L b f
128
8
L
L
L
L
L
a
a0af(+
a= b0)a (+
a +
bf b(+
fa +
fP
) b Lb f b
P
f) fb==
ba
b0
a =
Pa+=f aPa=
fP=f=
=
f
=
f
f
f
fb =
k b ( f1e = 0)
k/in
rce in each member
using
ke=
( 150
b
b
a
b
f
P
=
f
f
f
P
=
f
f
j
i ) 0.0690 in = 10.3 k
a
b AAE
aE
bb A a
128
8fa=aAP
b aPE
A
E
A
aE
aaf(+
bf
b 0L
baa
b=
a0
b LL
f
f
P
+
f
(+
)
+
f
=
(+
)
a
b
b
b
b b
b
b
b
P
+
f
=
0
)
L
L
LLbbbE
L
L
b
L
L
L
L
L
a
a
ba
a
a
b
aL
f
=
k
(
f
=
k
0)
(
=
150
0)
k/in
=
150
f
0.0690
k/in
=
k
(
in
0.0690
=
10.3
0)
in
=
k
=
150
10.3
k/in
k
0.0690
in
=
10.3
k
b
a
a = fa a fa P =b fa Pb =
bfaa
a bL
faf bf a f=
f=
1
1
1
P
a
a
P
+
f
f
=
0
(+
)
=
=
f
=
=
fbbfb af b bf
=
=
f
f
=
=
f
f
=
=
f
f
=
=
=
f
=
a
a
b
b
a
a
a
b
b
a
f = k ( 1 c0) = 100
k/in 0.0690 in = 6.90 k
a
a
b
b
a
b
a
b
a
b
c
AfbaaP
E
A
A
AAb E
Eba=EA
E
Aab Efb A
AbbE
E
f =k ( 2
0.0552Pin)
=f b 2.76
Ea=Afba)aL
Eba fAbabPA
A
Abaa=
E
E
A
Lafka =aA0aP
aE
ba
aE
bbbaE
1 ) = 200 k/in(0.0690 in
af
bfa E
+
aa(+
L
L
L
L
L
L
f a = k a (c 1 c0)c = 100
0.0690
in
=
6.90
k
a
b
b
a
b
=
f
=
f
a
a
b
b
a
b
cv0k/in
c
c
a
b
P
=
f
f
w
v
EI,
w
L
EI,
L
v
w
EI,
L
0in
00.0552
f = k (f 2= k (1 )2=020001 )k/in(0.0690
=0f200=k/in(0.0690
k (in2 0.0552
200=k/in(0.0690
in)
2.76
=
k
2.76
in
k
0.0552
in)
=
2.76
k
L
L
=
=
f
f
=
=
=
f
f
f
=
f
1 ) =in)
aa a a a b A
bbba bL
a Aa E
E
Lb b b LA
a
b b Ebb
=f bLbAa=
AaL
Afa E
f b = k b ( 1 d0) = 150
k/in 0.0690 in = 10.3 k
bfbaAA
a =
b=
bb E
a
bLE
aE
ba
PEafa=EI,
d
f
f
f
=
=
f
=
f
f
=
k
(0
)
=
50
k/in(
0.0552
in)
=
2.76
k
20
k
a
b =f
a
b
v
w
v
EI,
w
L
EI,
L
v
w
EI,
L
v
w
v
EI,
w
L
EI,
L
v
w
L
E
2 w0 v
v
EI,
w
L
EI,
0 aLAa
0 b AL
0 L
0 00 v000 w00 EI,
0 EL
a0 0
b
b
b
b
0
0
0
a
b 2b b
a2L
bb A
AaA
E
2
f = k (d 1 d0)d = 150
10.3 k
aa a
bA
aL
bL
A
E
aE
a a AL
bE
aE
bE
b
d k/in 0.0690din = d
a
b
b
f=yy cos
f y
f f bAF
f = k f(0 = k 2(0
) = 50 2k/in(
k/in(
= k in)
(0
0.0552
= 2in)
2.76
) ==50
k k/in(
2.76 k 0.0552
= f
2.76
L
L
a b=AF
b =f
a k=
AF
cos
AF
cos
AF
a a= in)
b b=
EI,
L ) = 50f0.0552
E4baEAb ya2EAF
Ab Eb4 Ab E
f c = k c ( 2 v01v
)w
=0200
k/in(0.0690
in 0.0552
2.76
k
fAaa Eaby = 4y Aaf2A
a
b
2
aL=
v0 in)
w0=EI,
0 w0 vEI,
0 wL
0 EI, L
2
22 2 2
2
L
aa a
bb b 2
AL
AAF
aE
bE
EI,
L
AFAF
cos
cos
AF
AF
AF
AF
cos
AF
AFyyAF
f c = k c ( 2 v01 )vw
=0200
k/in(0.0690
in 0.0552
= L2.76
k
cos
AF
AF
f AF
ycap
yy co
y cos
yy
y AF
y cos
v0 wL0in)EI,
yf
y
yAF
y cos
yAF
a =
b =y cos
P
P
P
cap
cap
0 w0 EI, L v0 w0 EI,
4
Aa E a
A2b E4b 2 4 2 4 2 44 422 4 2 2
d
d
f = k (0and values
0.0552
=
2 y 2
2
2) =
d arrowheads
theEI,
free
figures
below
to verify
satisfies equilibrium.
v02.76
wL0k EI,
L your solution
v0in)w
AFy cos
AF
v050towk/in(
Lbody
0 EI,
0
P2cap
Pcap
Pcap
2 Pcap
AFy cos
AF
AFy Pcap
AF
AFyyP2cos
AF
P
cap
cap P
y cos
y
4
2
d
d v0 w0 EI, L
cap
f =and
k (0
)values
=
50
k/in(
0.0552
in)
= to
2.76
kverify
wheads
dd arrowheads
values
and
7. 2to
Add
the
arrowheads
free
to the
body
freefigures
and
body
values
below
figures
to
the
below
freetobody
your
verify
solution
figures
your AF
below
solution
satisfies
to
verify
equilibrium.
AF
2AF
4solution
2eAF
4
2
a satisfies
b4 ayour
cequilibrium.
b2
d yccos
dsatisfies
f cos
e a equilibrium.
f
b
c
d
e
f
y cos
k k2 k k AF
k
k yk2 AF
ky k k
AFky cos
y ky k ky kk kAF
v0 w0 EI, L
Pk4cap
2
4 224 Pcap
4cap AF
2P2capcos
P
AF
cos
AF
AF
2 ,b a cPAF
d fyc deea d effb e a
a
b aa c bb da
d e f AF
PaP
cap
kkkk kkkk kkkf ckkfkb d
kkkfykb2ckc kekbkcdk
f a f b ffac f bd ffce ffdf ffeg fffah ffPgb1 ,ffhc 1P
fP
, 1f2yPcos
, g 2yf khcos
k 1ky2 k2byk,kdky2ckPke4cap
kykdkkf2kPkek4acap
1 ,2fAF
2f
1k
4cap
AF
P
and values to the free body figures below to verify your solution satisfies
equilibrium.
4 c gd2bh2 dhec dead
e e
f fh g h
Gravity
(live
(live
dead
dead
(live
bh ca
dc Loads
e
e
d
b a
bGravity
da
dbh
f
ecAF
gloads)
gloads)
f
gloads)
a b Gravity
ac Loads
bd fca
e Loads
df
eca
gloads,
f
gecbloads,
d
f
AF
kfdfayeha1fcos
kbg12bf,f,fhcabhgkloads,
k2P
cap
aP
aP
b 1d
d
ef
a f bP
cap
yP
f
f
f
P
P
f2,fPkP
,P
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
P
P
,k2,fkfP
,cap
,e,kkP
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
P
,
f
P
P
,
,
f
1cP
1ck
2f
122
2k
1f
12
2,1
1
1
1
2
2
2cf
11,f
2 1k,2f
k
k
k
k
k
k
k) 1P
kP1c2, , k d12Pk2e, k2f
and values to the free body figures below to verify your solution satisfies
equilibrium.
4
P
a
b
d
e
fk
cap
Lateral
Lateral
Loads
Loads
(wind,
(wind,
earthquake,
Lateral
earthquake,
Loads
blast
(wind,
blast
)
earthquake,
)
blast
kloads)
d loads)
f
b loads)
c(live
fdead
e fGravity
g h
ak (live
bk(live
ck loads)
Gravity
Gravity
Loads
Loads
(live
loads,
Gravity
loads,
dead
Loads
dead
loads)
Gravity
Gravity
Loads
Loads
(live
loads,
(live
Gravity
loads,
dead
Loads
dead
(live
loads)
dead
Loads
Loads
(live
loads,
dead
Loads
dead
loads)
kkafloads,
kkb d kloads,
k e kloads)
kdkadead
kekloads)
kc e kk
f a fa b fb c Tributary
fc dGravity
P
PGravity
kP
kloads,
k
k
1 ,gb 1
2d, loads,
a
bf
d Tributary
cf
e df
fAreas
ef
g fAreas
a
h
h
c(live
e2 fAreas
g k hP
cap
Tributary
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
P
,
f
f
P
f
P
,
f
,
f
P
f
,
f
,
P
,
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
2
1
1
2
2
aLoads
cearthquake,
e) d)f eblast
b c dLateral
g h
a (wind,
bearthquake,
cearthquake,
Lateral
Lateral
Loads
Loads
(wind,
(wind,
earthquake,
Lateral
earthquake,
)kkcearthquake,
Lateral
Lateral
Loads
Loads
(wind,
(wind,
earthquake,
Lateral
(wind,
)blast
Loads
earthquake,
Lateral
Loads
blast
blast
)kLoads
kblast
kk k k f )blast )
kd)blast
ke b kblast
kaf (wind,
kb d)blast
f a fGravity
f f Loads
f effaefLateral
fLoads
P
,loads)
(live
dP
fhearthquake,
b f
db(wind,
f
g
1f, ec dead
1(wind,
2e
2
f
h(live
ag1(live
bhk
c2,k, d
e,k 2loads)
fk
f
f
f
f
f
P
P
f cagloads,
f
f
P
,
P
Gravity
Loads
(live
loads,
Gravity
loads,
dead
Loads
loads)
dead
loads)
loads,
dead
f a Gravity
f b f c Tributary
f dLoads
f
P
,
P
,
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
2
kAreas
kAreas
k k Tributary
k Areas
k Areas
Tributary
Tributary
Areas
Areas
Tributary
Tributary
Areas
Tributary
Tributary
Gravity
Loads
(live
Lateral
Loads
earthquake,
blast
)bloads,
d Tributary
e
fh
h
a
b Areas
ca
dbh Areas
ec dead
f
gloads)
a Lateral
b c Lateral
d
e (wind,
f
gloads,
ag1(wind,
c2
d
e,loads)
1 )
1
f
f
f
f
f
P
,
P
f
f
f
f
f
f
P
,
P
,
Gravity
Loads
(live
dead
Gravity
Loads
(live
loads,
dead
loads)
Loads
Loads
(wind,
(wind,
earthquake,
Lateral
earthquake,
Loads
blast
blast
)
earthquake,
)
f
f
f
f
P
,
P
,
Gravity
Loads
(live
loads,
dead
loads)
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
2
k
k
k
k
k
k12f blast
c d e Loads
fAreas
g (wind,
h
Lateral
earthquake,
blast
)
f a f b fTributary
f
f
f
f
f
P
,
P
,
1
1
2
2
Gravity
Loads
(live
dead
loads)
Gravity
Loads
(live Areas
loads,
dead
Lateral
Loads
(wind,
earthquake,
Lateral
Loads
(wind,
earthquake,
blast
)blast )
Tributary
Tributary
Areas
Areas
Tributary
Gravity
Loads
(live
loads,
dead
loads)
Lateral
Loads
earthquake,
blastloads,
) loads)
b Tributary
h(wind,
1
11 1 1
1
1
1
f a fGravity
f c f d Loads
f e f fAreas
f g Tributary
f
P
,
P
,
(live
loads,
dead
loads)
1
1
2
2
Lateral
Loads
(wind,
Lateral
Loads
(wind,
earthquake,
blast )blast )
Tributary
Areas
Areas
Lateral Loads
(wind,
earthquake,
blast earthquake,
)
Tributary
Areas
1
Gravity Loads
Loads (wind,
(liveTributary
loads,
dead
loads)
Lateral
earthquake,
blast
Tributary
Areas )
Areas
1
1
1
Tributary Areas
1
Lateral Loads
(wind, earthquake, blast )
Tributary
Areas
1
1
1
Tributary Areas
1
1
1
1
Fy
b
Fy
=
=
9w0 L2 3L
We will be considering beams in isolation in this
exercise,
but its always good to remember that128
beams8 are
f b figure
f a = 0below
(+ ")shows on common context
4@50 ft =that
200 ft
100
ft 60 in 12 in
usually parts of larger structural systems.P +
The
could
b
a lead to
+ fM
L L/2P w
Vf += 0 (+ ")
P =here:
fa fb
0
something similar to the configuration to be analyzed
fa fb fc
P = fa fb
a
La a
f
Aa E a
Lb b
f
Ab E b
La a
f
Aa E a
Lb b
f
Ab E b
v0 w0 EI, L
P +f
v0 w0 EI, L
p
2
AFy cos
AFy
4 2
Pcap
2
AFy
4 2
Pcap
AFy cos
ka kb kc kd ke kf
P1 ,
P2 , 2
Gravity Loads (live loads, dead loads)
Lateral Loads (wind, earthquake, h blast i)
Tributary Areas
L
Aa
a L
v0 w0 kEI,
kb kc kd ke kf
P1 ,
1 P2 , 2
Gravity Loads (live loads, dead loads)
Lateral Loads (wind, earthquake, h blast i)
Tributary Areas
AF
1
1
P1 ,
1 P2 , 2
Gravity Loads (live loads, dead loads)
Lateral Loads (wind, earthquake, h blast i)
Tributary Areas
The boundary conditions for the beam in the illustration differ from what we will consider here, but a
variety of boundary conditions are possible depending on framing decisions, the role of the beam in the
overall structural system, and other factors.
Note for v(x) positive up (a common sign convention), the same expressions become:
EIv 0000 (x) = w(x)
EIv 000 (x) = V (x)
ka k
128
f f f
P + fb
CEE 377
L2 3L
f a = 0 9w
(+0")
128
8
P = fa fb 6
P + fb
Application Practice
1. Use the governing equation and direct integration to obtain an
beam shown following the steps outlined below.
a =
expression
f a = 0 (+ ")
La a
Lb b a
P f= f
f
=
b
fora E
the
A
Ab Eofb the
a displacement
v0 w0 EI, L
La a
f
Aa E a
v0 w0 EI, L
(a) Use indefinite integration to obtain an expression for v(x) in terms of EI, L, the applied load,
w0 , and four constants of integration.
Integration:
EIv 0000 = w0
EIv 000 = w0 x + c1
EIv 00 = w0 x2 /2 + c1 x + c2
c1
EIv 0 = w0 x3 /6 + x2 + c2 x + c3
2
c2
c1
4
EIv = w0 x /24 + x3 + x2 + c3 x + c4
6
2
(c) Use the boundary conditions to determine the unknown constants from part (a). (Starting with
1
the conditions at x = 0 makes for the easiest algebra).
v(0) = 0 c4 = 0
v 0 (0) = 0 c3 = 0
v(L) = 0 0 =
w0 L4
c1 L3
c2 L2
+
+
24
6
2
v 0 (L) = 0 0 =
c1 L2
w0 L2
w0 L3
+
+ c2 L c1 L = 2c2
6
2
3
+
= 0 c2 =
c1 =
24
6
36
2
12
2
Displacement expression:
v(x) =
w0
EI
x4
x3 L x2 L2
w0 x2
2
+
=
(L x)
24
12
24
24EI
fb
Lb b
f
Ab E b
CEE 377
(d) Check your displacement expression by evaluating the shear at x = 0, which in this case you
should be able to get from inspection using symmetry. Recall V (0) = EIv 000 (0) as given above,
and note also you already have an expression for v 000 (x) from part (a).
V (0) = EIv 000 (0) = c1 =
w0 L
X
2
(e) Determine the moments at x = 0 and x = L/2, and use these values to sketch a labeled moment
diagram.
Left end:
8
w0 L2
00
M (0) = EIv (0) = c2 =
12
our displacement expressionUse
bysymmetry
evaluatingtog
theetshear
at
x
=
0,
which
in
this
case
you
right end:
be able to get from inspection using symmetry. Recall V (0) = EIv 000M
(0)
as=given
(L)
M (0)above,
e also you already have an expression for v 000 (x) from part (a).
Center point
w0 L
V (0) = EIv 000 (0) = c1 =
X
w0 L2
c1 L
w0 L2
w0 L2
w0 L2
w0 L2
2
M (L/2) = EIv 00 (L/2)
=
c2 =
+
=
8
2
8
4
12
24
8 8
ne the moments at x = 0 and x = L/2, and use these values to sketch a labeled moment
EI L w0
.
ur
displacement
expression
by
evaluating
the
shear
at
x
=
0,
which
in in
this
case
youyou
your
displacement expression by evaluating the shear at x = 0, which
this
case
:
000 000
2
able
to
get
from
inspection
using
symmetry.
Recall
V
(0)
=
EIv
(0)
as
given
above,
be able to get from inspection using 00symmetry. Recall
V (0) = EIv (0) as given above,
w0 L
EI, L w0
M
= EIv for
(0)
=v(x)
000 c2from
also
youyou
already
have
an(0)
expression
v 000
part
(a).(a).
te
also
already
have
an
expression
for
(x)=from
part
12
e thethe
moments
at at
x=
and
useuse
these
values
sketch
2 values
2 sketch
2a labeled
2 moment
mine
moments
x 0= and
0 and
x2 L/2,
= L/2,
and
these
to
wx0 L=
c1 L
w0 L
wto
w0aLlabeled
w0 Lmoment
0L
00
M
(L/2)
=
EIv
(L/2)
=
c
=
+
=
2
m.
8
2
8
4
12
24
d:
2 2
w0 L
00 00
MM
(0)(0)
= =EIv
(0)(0)
= =c2 c=2 = w0 L
EIv
12 12
metry
tog
et
right
end:
mmetry tog et right end:
MM
(L)(L)
=M
(0)(0)
=M
oint
point
00 00
(L/2)
= =EIv
(L/2)
==
M
(L/2)
EIv
(L/2)
w0w
L02L2 c1 Lc1 L
w0 L2 2 w0 L2 2 w0w
L02L2 w0w
L2 2
c2 c=2 = w0 L+ + w0 L
= = 0L
8 8
2 2
8 8
4 4
12 12
24 24
P + fb
f a = 9w
0 0(+
L2 ")
3L
a
P = f128
f b8
CEE 377
P + fb
8a
f = 0 (+ ")
a
b
Ldetermine
a
b f b f
a the endPL=
2. Determine an expression for the displaced shape of the beam shown, v(x),
and
f
f
a =
b =
0
moments and end shears. There is no rotation at either end of the beam (v 0 (0)A
=avE
(L)
Ab E b
a = 0).
a
v0
La a
f
Aa E a
v0 w0 EI, L
(a) Use indefinite integration to obtain an expression for v(x) in terms of EI, L, and four constants
of integration. Note w(x) = 0 in this case.
Integration (Because w(x) = 0, could drop the EI factor to simplify algebra)
EIv 0000 = 0
EIv 000 = c1
EIv 00 = c1 x + c2
c1
EIv 0 = x2 + c2 x + c3
2
c1 3 c2 2
EIv = x + x + c3 x + c4
6
2
v(0) = v0
v 0 (0) = 0
v(L) = 0
v 0 (L) = 0
(c) Use the boundary conditions to determine the unknown constants from part (a).
v(0) = v0 c4 = EIv0
v 0 (0) = 0 c3 = 0
v(L) = 0 0 =
c2 L2
c1 L3
+
EIv0
6
2
v 0 (L) = 0 0 =
c1 L2
+ c2 L c1 L = 2c2
2
Lb
f
Ab E b
Ebin
,A
2 b , Lb
Ea = Eb = Ec = 10.000 ksi; Aa = 0.5
, Ab = 0.75 in2 , and Ac = 1.0 in2 ; La =
2.4 k
4.8 k 4.8 k
= 0.0115 in 12 k
CEE 377
fa fb
Ea , Aa , La
9w0 L2 3L
12EI
in
12 in
V (0) = EIv (0)==200
cft1 100
= ft 60
v
0
3
128
8
L L/2 w0 M V +L
a
b
c
6EI
00 f f
f
M (0) = EIv (0) = c2 = 2 v0
L
CEE 377
10
P + f b f a = 9w
0 0(+
)
L2 3L
12EI
000
V
(L)
=
EIv
(L)
=
c
=
v
CEE 377
10
1
0
a
L3
P = f128
f b8
moment and shear at x = 0, and 6EI
use a global equilibrium
argument to infer the
CEE 377 (d) Determine the
9a
M (L) = EIv 00 (L) = c1 L c2 = 2 v0
P + f b and
f =shear
0 (+diagrams.
)
moment
shear atand
x =shear
L. Use
to sketch
labeled
moment
(d) Determine
theat
moment
at xthese
= 0,values
and use
a Lglobal
equilibrium
argument
to infer the
a
b
PL=
f b f
Ldetermine
Internal
beam
sign
convention:
moment
shear
at
= displaced
L.
Use these
values
to sketch
and end
shear
a
bdiagrams.
2. Determine
an at
expression
forx
the
shape of
the beam
shown, labeled
v(x),
andmoment
f a the
f
a =
b =
0
0
moments
and
end
shears.
There
is
no
rotation
at
either
end
of
the
beam
(v
(0)
=
v
(L)
=
0).
Internal beam sign convention:
A12EI
Ab E b
a Ea
Lb b
V (0) = EIv 000 (0) = c1 =
v 0 La a
f
b =
12EI L3 a = A E f
A
a
a
b Eb
Simply Supported Beam V (0) = EIv 000 (0) 10
= c1 =
v
0
6EI
3
v0
M (0) = EIv 00 (0) = c2L=
v0
L2
6EI
EIv 0000 (x) = w0
00L
v
w
EI,
M
(0) =0 0EIv
(0) the
= c2 =
v0
the moment and shear at x = 0, and use a global equilibrium
argument
to infer
2 12EI
000
(L) = EIv 000 (L) = c1L=
v0
EIvmoment
(x) = and
w0 xshear
+ CV1diagrams.
166 in 69 in = 11 454 in
shear at x = L. Use these values to
sketch
labeled
L3 four constants
(a) Use indefinite integration
to (x)
obtain
an expression for
EI, L, and
000 v(x) in terms of12EI
V00(x) M
x
2
2 2
2 in454
2
V
(L)
=C1EIv
= c1 =
v0 166
166
in69
in11
=454
11=
454
=in79.5
in=
69
in
in in166
69
in11
= 79.5
ft= f7
of integration.EIv
Note (x)
w(x) =
= 0win
this
/2case.
+
x + C(L)
am sign convention:
3
0x
P=, 6EI
2 (L)
22 00w
0 L = c1L
M
=
EIv
(L)
L
c
v
166
in
69
in
=
11
454
in
=
79.5
ft
2
2
2
0
2
2
2
Integration (Because w(x) = 0, could00drop the EI factor to simplify 166
algebra)
3500
lbs
166
69454
in =in11=454
in ft= 79.5 ft 16
69 ininL=11
79.5
6EI
M (0)
EIv
(0)
0P , P , c Pin
,
00 C2 = 2
2 (L)
20 )
= 44.0
2 =
2 79.5
12EI
=2 =
(L)
v0 2
69454
inv =in11
454
inM
=
ftEIv
2 =
2
2 = c1 L
in =
166
69c1inin
11
=
79.5
ft
2
0000
3500
lbs
3500
lbs
79.5 ft2 166
V (0) = EIv
==
P166
,000 (0)
166
in
69
in
=
11
454
in
=
79.5
ft
3500
lbs
166
in
69
in
=
11
454
in
=
79.5
ft
L
0
in
EIv 00 = 0
3
P
,
in psf
69166
inin=
(L) =
EIv
(L) = 0 P), C1 =w0 Lw02L/2
=166
=
44.0
psf
L M3500
=2 44.0
P
,44.0
2 psf
2
2 0002 = c1 2 2V (x) =
a b
2 lbs 3500
2 ft2 ft
2 2454 in =
2 079.5
2 lbs
EIv
lbs
79.5
79.5
ft
w
x
P,
166
in
69
in
=
11
ft
3500
166
in
69
in
=
11
454
in
=
79.5
ft
79.5
P,
f
f
166
in
69
=
44.0
psf
166
in
69
in
=
11
454
in
=
79.5
ft
166
in
69
in
=
11
454
in
=
79.5
ft
in 2ft69 in = 11 454 in = 279.5 ft
166
69 in =6EI
11 454
in 166
= 79.5
166
, in
, in
=P44.0
psf 69 in = 11
00
=
44.0 psf
EIv
(x)P ,=
/2
M (0) = EIvP00 (0)
= 3500
c2 = lbs 3500
v000lbs
79.5
ft22w0 xEIv
P
x 0+xL/2
c2 2 3500 lbs
2 79.5
2 , ft2 Pa, ba b a b
2= 2c1w
2
2 454 in2 =
2 79.5
3500
lbs
79.5
ft
L
f
f f 3500 lb
=
44.0
psf
166
in
69
in
=
11
ft
166
in
69
in
=
11
454
in
=
79.5
ft
f
f
=
44.0
psf
166
in
69
in
=
11
454
in
=
79.5
ft
166
in
69
in
=
11
454
in
=
79.5
ft
2consistent
Presults
,ft0 2 to acomplete
P,
cthe
P , figure shown:
, 0 = psf
P , (e)79.5
P ,ft2your
1 2 stiness
P,
Use
relation
below
= 44.0
=bP
P , with the
0
3 44.0
w
w0 xpsf
79.5
03L
2
x0 Lx
+ c22x/4
+
c+
2 0fxEIv
f
a b
EIv
(x)
=
w
/6
w
12EI
3 Cft
a
b
3500
lbs
000
79.5
3500
lbs
79.5
ft
2
2
lbs ft
3500
lbs
f f
Min(x)
= 454 inx3500
3500
3500
2lbs
350079.5
lbs 35
fthef figure
V (L)
(L) Use
=results
c1 =tolbs
v,0to acomplete
166
in
69
=
11
=
79.5
ft
P
,
P
, your
b
(e)
your
results
the
stiness
relation
below
consistent
with
shown:
=
44.0
psf
=
44.0
psf
0
0
P , =(e)EIv
3=
=
44.0
psf
=
44.0
psf
c
c
aL
bP44.0
Use
complete
the
stiffness
relation
below
consistent
with
the
figure
shown:
=
44.0
psf
22
0
=
V i Mi V j Mj v i
4b = 1 x23 + 2 x
32 +
2 c x2+ ca b
f 2 psf
f79.5
2 f
ax2EIv
f
2 79
79.5
ft
79.5
ft
3
4
EIv(x)
=
w
/24
w
Lx
/12
+
C
x
+
C
2
2
3500
lbs
3500
lbs
79.5
ft
ft
79.5
ft
79.5
ft
0
0
3
4
fft f
f69
79.5
ft
3500
lbs
0 fin = 11
3500 lbs 6EI
6
2
166
in
454
in
=
79.5
0
=
44.0
psf
=
44.0
psf
0
P
,
00
=
44.0
psf
=
44.0
psf
Vii M
VM
2 (L) = EIv
jjbM
j j vM
i j vi
VjVi aiM
iviV
2 b
i 2M
2 a79.5
2 b v(0)
aC b= 0 a79.5
(L) = c1 L79.5
cf2ft
va00=
b ftf
a=
69 in = 11 454 inM
= 79.5 ft2
a
f b Vft
f0)
2 fft
f
f
f
f
f
f
4
0 f 79.5
3500
lbs
f
f
2
2
Vi Mi Vj PM
v
L
j
i
0
69 inv= 11 454 in = 79.5 ft
,
V166
M0inV M
000 ft
4@50
Vi 2M=
i aV44.0
j biMpsf
j ivai j b j i
b
V i Mi V j Mj v i
2
2
f a0f3500
lbs= w79.5
ft f166
f av(L)
)C
L03 /24
M11
166
in
M
in2 = 79.5
ftf2b =
69 in = 11 454Vin
=
79.5
ft
in f 69fin =
11
454 in2Reactions
= 79.5 ft2
0fDisplacement
3
0
ivin
j=
j v454
i
0M
i M
i V
jViM
j69
iV
0
0
0
0
V
V
M
v
i
j
Imposed
Induced
=
44.0
psf
V
M
V
M
v
i
j
Imposed
Displacement
Induced
Reactions
V
M
i
i forj this jcase
i
i
i j
j i
i ivV
i V j Mj v i
3500 lbs
convention
with positive v downwards:
Vi Mi VjViMM
a
b
20 x ft23 P , For sign
2
2 (b) State the boundary2 conditionsw
j i j Mj v i
79.5
2 f f3
=
44.0
psf
166
in
69
in
=
11
454
in
=
79.5
ft
n P69
in
=
11
454
in
=
79.5
ft
3500
lbs
0
0
xj,i Imposed
2Lx
+Imposed
L
v(x)
0 Induced
0M
Induced
Reactions
MM
Imposed
Displacement
Induced
M
Vii iP
M
VjRequired
MReactions
vDisplacement
Displacement
Induced
Reactions
jMImposed
Displacement
Reactions
jiDisplacement
j v
Vi Mi VjViMM
Imposed
Induced
Reactions
j iviVjiVjM
V44.0
VReactions
jDisplacement
79.5 ,ft2
i M
iviVImposed
jViM
j iviV=
j iviVjiVij
i Mipsf
jViM
j iviVj Mj vi
=
a v(0)
b =j v0i
24EI
2
3500 lbs
3500 lbs
350079.5
lbs ft9
f
f
8
9
8
, psf
sults tof 2acomplete
the
stiness
relation
below
consistent
the
=M44.0
M
Mx)/2
vi Imposed
M
Imposed
Required
Reactions
0 Displacement
= 44.0 Reactions
psf
VM
M
V=jV
M
Induced2Induced
Reactions
iw
ivfigure
jshown:
Vi M
Displacement
Required
Reactions
ivVjImposed
j vi psf
i Displacement
iwith
iVjImposed
i VjViM
f=bP44.0
(x)
Vi Displacement
>
>
0jx(L
79.5j ft2i 3500 lbs
79.5
ft lbs
79.59
ft >
a b
3500
v 0 (0)
=
0 >
>
>
>
>
8
9
8
<
=
<
=
f
f
0
= 44.0
= 44.0 psf
Mi>
Vi M
Mw
i Vj =
j 0v(L/2
i > Vi >
2
a79.5
a2 b
>
a b
Vpsf
(x)
x)
v(L)
= 0=
79.5fft
>
>
>
Globalfsystem
sign
convention:
,
+ )
f b ft(statics)
0 f
< (+ >
=
= f f> vi
Vj <
>
>
>
M
V
M
V
M
v
>
>
>
> 0
i
i
i
j
j
i
0
a b
:
vM
(L)
= 0 :
=j;
v;
i
fa fb
3
0
0f f
V
>
>
>
>
j
0
V
12EI/L
i>
>
>
>
vi
;
;
:
MjV
i Mi:Vj M
2 j
Mi
6EI/L
0 Induced
0 j vi i Induced
Vi M
j Imposed
Displacement
Reactions
posed
Displacement
Reactions
Vi=Mthe
vi from part (a).
i Vj M
(c) Use the boundary
conditions
to determine
i Vunknown
j Mj viconstants
3
V
12EI/L
2
Vi Mi VjRequired
Mj vi Imposed
Displacement Inducedv(0)
Reactions
posed Displacement
Reactions
M
= vj0 ) c4 = 6EI/L
EIv0
1
8 9 8
9
Vi > >
>
>
>
>
< >
= >
<
=
v 0 (0) = 0 ) c3 = 0
Mi
=
vi
Vj > >
>
>
>
>
: >
; >
:
;
c 1 L3
c 2 L2
1
Mj
v(L) = 0 ) 0 =
+
EIv0
6
v 0 (L) = 0 ) 0 =
c 1 L2
+ c2 L ) c1 L =
2
2c2
EIv0 = 0 ) c2 =
Displacement expression:
v(x) =
v0
2x3
L3
6EI
v0 ) c1 =
L2
3x2
+1
L2
12EI
L3
CEE 377
10
In this section we will practice identification and qualitative construction of moment diagrams for simple
beams and frames. Remember the basic toolkit: sketch the displaced shape to relate curvature to moment;
identify locations where the moment must vanish; look for symmetries; use the string analogy to determine
locally the shape of the diagram (e.e, curved/straight, concavity direction, etc.).
1. Select the correct moment diagram for the loaded beam shown from the choices below:
None of these
CEE 377
CEE 377
CEE 377
CEE 377
CEE 377
CEE 377
4.
CEE 377
CEE 377
CEE 377
Mmax
V =
concave
straight
M = 0 straight
max Mdown
VM=M=
0 0concave
down
straight
= 0 down
concave
MV =
= 00concave
down
straight M M
=0= 0
Mmax M
V =
0 0Vconcave
down
straight
max
max
max
V =
= 0 straight
Symmetric
co
Vright
down
M=
Mmaxconfigurations
V = 0 concave
downMconcave
straight
M==0straight
0concaveM
max
4. Sketch the moment diagram for the column
shown.
4. Sketch the moment diagram f
Mmax
V = 0 concave down straight M = 0
Mstraight
Vfor
down str
Sketch
the
moment
diagram
the column
shown.
Mmaxthe
V moment
= 0 concave
down
M=
=0the
0concave
max
4. configurations
Sketch
diagram
column
VM=
down straight
M =the
0for
4.
Sketch
moment
diagram
for the
column
configurations
shown.
V = 0 concave 4.
downM
straight
=0 0concave
max
Mmax
Sketchconcave
the
moment
for
the
column configurations
shown.
right diagram
straight
0 Symmetric
concave
left
Displacement
concave4.right
straight
M =M
0 =Symmetric
concave
left
Displacement
4. Sketch
moment
diagram for
t
4. Sketch
the moment
diagram
for the the
column
configurations
sho
4. Sketch
moment
diagram for
the column configurations shown.
4. Sketch the moment diagram
for the the
column
configurations
shown.
M
Vdiagram
down
straight
=0
concave
right
straight
M =0M
Symmetr
4.
Sketch
the
moment
for
the column
configurations
shown.
M
V
=
0
concave
down
straight
M==0 0concave
max
max diagram for the column configurations
4. Sketch the moment
shown.
concave M
right
M =concave
0 Symmetric
concave left Displacem
concave right straight
= 0straight
Symmetric
left Displacement
4. Sketch the moment diagram for the column configurations shown.
4. Sketch
moment
diagram for
the column con
4. Sketch M
the moment
diagram
forstraight
the the
column
configurations
shown.
VM=
0 0concave
down
M = 0concave left Displacement
M
V
=
0
concave
down
straight
=
max
concave
right
straight
M
=
0
Symmetric
max
concave right straight M = 0 Symmetric concave left Displacement
concave
right
straight
M
=
0
Symmetric
concave
left Displ
concave right straight 4.M Sketch
= 0 Symmetric
concave
left
Displacement
4. Sketch
moment
diagram for
the column configurations shown.
the
moment
diagram
for
the the
column
configurations
shown.
Sketch
moment
diagram
column
configurations
shown.
concave
right straight M = 0
concave 4.
right
straightthe
M=
0 Symmetric
concavefor
leftthe
Displacement
4. Sketch the moment diagram for the column configurations shown. concave right straight M = 0 Symmetric co
concave
straight
concave right straight M = 0 Symmetric concave
leftright
Displacement
co
left Displacement