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5ETIING THE COURSE

The year 2000 presented a series of opportunities, challenges and successes

that helped Cl P increase our strengths, sharpen our focus and set a clear course
for the future . As is appropriate for a millennial year, it was a time of renewal,
allowing us to enter 2001, the 30'h anniversary of our foundation, knowing that
we continue to help reduce poverty and increase food security for the poorest
people of the world . Today, annual net return from the Center's research
investment is conservatively estimated at about US$150 million a year. And
that is only 30-40 percent of the impact CIP research will have as the full
benefits from our breeding efforts begin to be felt around the globe.
Thirty years ago the International Potato Center was founded on the
principle of hands-on cooperation. Since that time, we have worked shoulderto-shoulder with our partners and stakeholders in fields, laboratories and
advanced research institutions throughout the world. Today we can attest to
the effectiveness of that principal of partnership. Shared goals, work and
resources are producing substantive benefits for people in developing nations, as the Stories from the field in this Annual Report so eloquently relate.
Thanks to dramatic growth in potato production in developing countries,
poor farmers have been able to increase their incomes, and thereby improve
their families' livelihoods and diversify their diets. Our story from Kabale,
Uganda, entitled Convincing quality: Farmer seed systems catch on (page 18)
illustrates the many areas of research that converge in farmer-based seed
systems to make better lives a reality. Sweetpotato is rapidly gaining recognition
as a valuable food for both people and animals and as a source of raw materials

for industry. This root crop's growing importance as a key contributor to Cl P's
success has been documented in numerous impact studies, and its flexibility
can be seen in several stories in this Annual Report. The Andean roots and tubers
that we have helped to protect from extinction are increasingly being recognized as important sources of nutrition and income for poor Andean farmers.
A case in point is arracacha. Cl P's partnership with the Consortium for Sustainable Development in the Andes (CONDESAN) to develop this crop's potential
is described in Arracacha: A lost crop finds its way to the market (page 30).
Cl P's highly relevant research projects make possible these direct improvements in the livelihoods of poor farm families. In work on potato during 2000,
Center scientists identified and improved new sources of resistance to late
blight disease from species related to the potato. They bred more than 30
new potatoes, all highly resistant to late blight, and distributed them to a
number of developing countries. National programs in developing countries
selected at least five new varieties of potatoes from CIP's plant breeding
material and released these to their farmers.
In sweetpotato, biotechnology helped to identify genes associated with
desirable traits for yield and use; genetic engineering generated plants
resistant to viruses and to a terribly damaging weevil pest; and five native
varieties of sweetpotato were released in Africa after farmers, working along side CIP scientists, helped to evaluate their performance.
Most important, impact studies showed that the full benefits of CIP tech nologies have yet to be realized. To date, the impact of CIP research has been

most visible in the reduction of production losses through improved seed

systems, integrated pest and disease management, and post-harvest hand ling.
But a dramatic growth in productivity is beginning to be seen in developing
nations around the world thanks to the new varieties resulting from (!P's
research on plant breeding .
Along with these exciting successes, 2000 also presented serious cr hal Ieng es. Early in the year, unexpected commitment reductions from key sources
forced CIP management to take rapid action, reevaluating both programs and
resource allocation . Although the Center received extra support from do ors
as well as from the Finance Committee of the Consultative Group on lrn ter4

national Agricultural Research (CGIAR), it was clear that this would not be
sufficient to cover the losses without also effecting reductions to an already
lean budget and, regrettably, staff. After a rigorous review of program priorities,
we had to let go some 15 percent of our internationally recru ited collea J ues,
including many who had been with us for more than a decade.

CIP emerged from this proces s with a much sharper definition of its ag enda
and targets . By reducing the number of projects from 17 to 13, we have !Deen
able to increase research integration and regroup our staff into more effi cient
and effective research team s. Some fine-tuning remains to be done, but we
have achieved a great deal and our staff deserve recognition for having
willingly shouldered this immense task on top of an already full work load .
In the wide r conte xt of CGIAR reform, we are putting into place mechanism s
that will help us to set our course for the future, such as regional consultative

workshops on our major program areas. We have sharpened our focus on

poverty reduction, and will devote greater effort and more resources to programs aimed at directly benefiting the very poor. These include the Strategic
Initiative on Urban and Peri-urban Agriculture (SIUPA), the VITAA (vitamin A
for Africa) project for increased use of orange-fleshed sweetpotatoes in SubSaharan Africa, and the Global Mountain Program (GMP). We have also identified more effective ways of helping national programs and responding to
international calls for assistance in disasters.
In the coming decades, the contribution of roots and tubers to satisfying
global food needs will continue to grow. As the CGIAR reviews and updates
its institutional and programmatic framework, we have no doubt that CIP's
critical role in this growth proce ss will be fully recognized and endorsed. As
we help to realize the promise of new technologies, 30 years in the field have
shown us that our experience with farmers and scientists worldwide, our
extensive networks, and our emphasis on holistic approaches to farming and
resources systems will continue to prove critical in providing sustainable
solutions.
Today CIP is preparing to meet the challenges ahead in direct consultation
with our Future Harvest partners and stakeholders at local, national and regional
levels. But we are doing so without losing sight of the bigge r picture. The global
implications of many of our effort s -

in germ plasm conservation , urban agri -

culture, natural resources management, and late blight, for instance provide essential underpinning to our local and regional undertakings.

will

In clo sing, I would like to recall that the year 2000 was also a year of <Lelebration for CIP. The celebration began in late 1999 with the reaffirmation of our
relevance through the sign ing of an agreement granting the Center full legal
status as an international organization. This was followed, in March 200, by
the renovation of our agreement with the government of our host country, !Peru .
These institutional milestones Treasure of the Andes -

commemorated in the book The Po ato,

substantiate the excellent relationship that CI R

J has

maintained with its loyal supporters over three decades.

In this Annual Report to our stakeholde rs, we have brought togethe testimonies of Cl P's presence in the lives of the people we work with and for in
6

Africa, Asia and Latin America . You will see their faces and read their accounts
in the pages that follow. Our research achievements will be reported in rrnore
detail in our 1999-2000 Program Report, to be published in September

:woo.

Meanwhile, we hope these Stories from the field will help to convey CIP's
adherence to our founding principles, their successful application in ens l!Jl ring
better livelihoods, and their value and relevance for the future.

Director General

FORMULA FOR SUCCESS: SWEETPOTATO-BASED FEED IN VIETNAM

Ta Van Hien was skeptical at first. The idea of mi xing

capacity is expected to bring numerous benefi ts to

chicken manure and sw ee tpotato roots with

households and communitie s throughout the

fishmeal and soybeans -

and then allowing the

country.

concoction to ferment -

was a radical departure

In Pho Yen, in the Red River Delta 70 km north

from the chopped and boiled sweetpotato recipe

of Hanoi, locals estimate that as many as 30 pe ncent

he and his family had been using to feed their pigs

of the province's farms are now using some orm

for generations.

of fermentation , not only with sweetpotatoe s but

Si x months later, Hien is a convert to the process.

also with cassava roots . And word of the Pho Yen

"I thought it was strange

villagers ' success has

at first, but now I have no

spread to other par s of

"FERMENTATION IS PARTICULARLY

doubts," he says. "The pigs

are growing faster, their

Vietnam . After commune

GOOD NEWS FOR WOMEN FARMERS,

skin s are shinier and best

leaders from neighbo ring

Bae Giang Provine

vis-

AS IT LIBERATES THEM FROM

of all , it takes a lot less

tim e to prepare feed for

ited the trial sites , f r exTHE DRUDGERY OF PREPARING ,

them ."

ample, they invited

ien

to Bae Giang to der onTHE BOILED FEED ALTERNATIVE."

Since CIP began trials

strate the technique t o 70

on five farms in Pho Yen

local farmers.

Province in 1999, sweetpotato fermentation has

In Thanh Hoa Province, leaders of the Hai Linh

fueled a mini- revolution among the farm ers of the

commune, one of the biggest sweetpotato an d pig-

Dong Tien commune and throughout Vietnam .

raising communities in Vietnam , org anized a meet-

Fermentation is particularly good news for

ing to inform farmers about the technology .

ow,

women farmer s, as it libe rate s them from the

every farmstead th ere ha s begun to f e r m ent

drudgery of preparing -

sweetpotato . And Vietname se state televi ion ,

three times a day -

the

boil ed feed alternative. This not only improves the

reacting to the succe sses, is now planning to

igh-

quality of these w omen's lives, and those of their

light the proc ess on its science and techn o logy

families; th e re sulting boost in w omen 's production

channel.

MORE FOR LESS

tral Vietnam boil sweetpotato roots and vines to

"Using fermentation can help farmers in Asia and

make the feed they use to raise their pigs. Boiling

Africa -

and in just about any place where sweet-

is essential because it breaks down trypsin inhibi-

potato is used as pig feed," said Dai Peters, the CIP

tors, which otherwise would prevent the animal

scientist who, with Nguyen Thi Tinh from Vietnam's

from assimilating nutrients.

National Institute of Animal Husbandry, created the

The problem with the boiled method is that it

formula and designed the trials. "It allows farmers

is onerously time consuming. The farmers, usually

to raise healthier, larger

women, must spend

animals in less time."

several hours every day

The method is very

chopping the ingre-

popular both because

dients, gathering fuel

it is easy to prepare and

and doing the cooking.

because it fattens ani-

In addition, large

mals quickly. Better

amounts of sweetpo-

yet, farmers say, it uses

tatoes

locally available raw

stored for use in the off-

materials and requires

season . This presents a

little capital invest-

host of additional prob-

ment or equipment.

lems, as the stored roots

need

to

be

"It has gone so well that we tried feeding the

often come under attack from weevils, rats and rot,

mix to our ducks and hens," said Truong Thi Thoan,

and farmers may lose as much as half their stored

a neighboring farmer who was taught the formula

feed.

by Hien. "Now they're getting fatter too."

Thefermented mix introduced by CIP helps farm-

Until now, raising pigs has been something of

ers make the most of their work and investment.

a money- losing proposition, making large-scale

Like boiling, fermentation breaks down trypsin in-

breeding an option open only to wealthy farmers .

hibitors. But because the fermented mix can be

Traditionally, farmers in most of northern and cen -

prepared in one large lot and stored for months,

I9

farmers using this method achieve cons tderable

"Eleven pigs ea'h weighing 100 kg at 101000

savings in labor, fuel, water and cooking time. In

dong (US$0.69) a kilogram, that's a mitlion dp,ng

addition, these farmers can procesi; their sweet-

(US$69), " Cai says, eagerly putting the numbers

potatoes immediately after the harvest, when labor

together. "At this rate, It's probably more bene~ dal

is more abundant, and save the mixture for use

to plartt sweetpotato than rice. It does{i't require

when other feed is limited and more expensive.

a lot of investment and there's no great risk.''

That is because it is an excellent time to come

SMALL CHANGE, BIG RETURNS

into the market. Demand for meat In Vi.e tnam i~ on

This small change in the way farmers in northern

the upswing, expected to grow from 33,000 tonnes

and central Vietnam prepare pig feed represents a

in 1999 to 87,000 tonnes by 2005 and 119,600 tonnes

large technological and commercial leap forward.

by 4010. Greater output from the hilly farms arduhd

The ramifications, in terms of pig-raising potential,

Pho Yen wilf help meet the demand while increas-

have not been lost on the Pho Yen farmers.

ing villagers' economic strength and giving t hem

10

"I'm planning to take this to an industrial level,"

more control over prices. At present, they are at the

said woman farmer Nguyen Thi Ty. "It's so much

mercy of the middlemen who buy their stock at the

easier now."Ty's growing pig business is proof. After

farm gate.

participating in one of the CIP trials, she added two

sows to her stock of six. Today Ty has 11 piglets that

SOMETHING FOR EVERYONE

she intends to fatten and sell. To feed them she has

Only about 20 percent of Vietnam's farmers, how-

mixed up one tonne of fermented mix- a two-and-

ever, can afford the fishmeal, chicl<en

a-half-day job - that should provide her with feed

soybean additives included in the feed formul a. For

until the pigs are grown and ready for market. Now

the other 80 percent, whom the Vietnamese gov-

that her main labor ilnd time constraints have been

ernment classifies as 'disadvantaged', the cost of

removed, Ty sees almost boundless potential.

the additives is a major stumbling block. In fact, in

Neighbor Truang Due Cai has similar plans. A

ye~r

manur ~

and

order to ensure that the trials responded to actual

agp, Cai had six pigs. Today, he has 11, and

opportunities and conditions, Cl P chose forthesEt only

after tp~s lot goes to market he plan'li to expand to

farmers who had enough resources to afford the

10, even

basic investment.

25.

11

Nonetheless, financial limitations lla.venot kept

tages of the pmcess. "The benefits of fermented

resource-poor. farmers from taking advantage of

sweetpotato are independent of the balanced diet

the fermentatlon idea. A case in point is Truong Cong

additives," she says, "even though using the two in

Phan, who began experimenting with fermentation

combination gives the best results.."

techniques after he witnessed a neighbor's pigs

Since completing the first round of trials, Peters

grrowing fator:i the CIP feed mix. lnstead,of chicken

and he.r collaborcrtoirs have been holding extension

manure, Phan used rice bran as the f~11mE:H1tation

meetings to gettheword out on the fermentation

agent and his two pigs went without the soybean

technique. Th~response, she says, has been enthusi-

and fishmeal supplements.

astic and Peters is confident the process is ready

Phan considers his experiment a sU<~cess. The 53-

for wider implementation throughout Vietnam.

year-old ~who like his parents has been:ralsing pigs

Standing in the small concrete-floored room he

all h,is life - s;;iys he doesn't expect his.pi.gs t<;> grow

uss for stofage, Hien has no doubt Peters ts-,right.

as big as his .neighbor's, buJt he is very pteasli!d with

Dipping Ms atms fmto a polyurethane bag he pulls

the (IP-introduced technique. Labor savings are still

out a double handful of the powerful-smellin.g yel-

enormous, and the longevity of the feed means he

low mash and eagerly offers it to visitors to sniff.

can make more of his sweetpotato crop. Peters feels

To Hien, it is the smell of success.

13

that this adaptability is one of the primary advan-

reported

by Chris Bursle

CONVINCING QUALITY: FARMER SEED SYSTEMS CATCH ON

John Bangirana's three teenaged children are in

"Clean seed is very scarce," says Berga Le

aga,

secondary school today thanks in large part to seed

coordinator of PRAPACE, the Regional Potato and

potatoes.

Sweetpotato Improvement Program for East and en-

Two years ago, the development agency

AFRICARE gave Bangirana -

a farmer in the tiny

southwestern Uganda village of Kabira (district of

Kabale) -

60 kg of 'clean', disease-free tubers

from a program organized by Uganda's National

Agricultural

tral Africa . "The area is infested with bacterial wilt.

It's the number one threat to potato producti n in
Kabale."
And that's a major problem. Potato is th

pri-

mary cash crop in Kaba le, 400 km southwest o the

Research

capital city Kampal . In

Organization (NARO) in

fact, the district ace unts

"WHAT WE'D LIKE TO SEE

conjunction with CIP.

"From that 60 kg, we

for about 40 percent of

IS A GRADUAL IMPROVEMENT

got eight bags, " says Ban-

Uganda 's potato prol uction. Although per ple

IN THE QUALITY OF SEED

girana. "We sold three ,

planted five and gener-

depend more on beans,

THROUGH FARMER-BASED

ated another 23 bags.

sweetpotatoes, sorghum
and field peas for ood

PRODUCTION , ,"

Then we sold 18 bags at

security, potatoes l ing

20,000 shillings (US$12)

in scarce cash.

each. " Without that income, Bangirana wonders

The vast majority of Ugandan potato far

ers

how he would have paid the US$200 per term it

use two methods to obtain seed . Either the y set

costs to keep his children in school. "I don 't think

aside some of the smallest potatoes from

I could have made it," he says. " Now I don 't want

harvest for the next season's seed, or they buy eed

to sell ware potatoes anymore, I want to sell seed."

potatoes from local markets. Both of these pra

heir

ices

In Kaba le and across Uganda, NARO and CIP

promote the spread of bacterial wilt, a devast ating

are helping farmers like Bangirana get involved in

plague that lurks in contaminated seed and soil.

producing seed . The aim is to make up for the

generalized shortage of quality seed. This has long
been one of the biggest constrain ts on the country's
potato production.

CLEANING UP

"That's how the wilt is spread," explains Lennaga .

"The farmers don 't know the source of the eed

~re

S:i~at

,ill)',~tip~r"~'.ii!t~~a ,~r<0'"
g{.l!n'l C81J'\:'116'1i: m~~t ~t.

for S:lJb!Scihar~~~t\;'fr.iJ.

NARO's Kalengyere Re~

se~rnh '~tatlttiti

Hie resu.h: 1$. tbe

p,rp-

!Jganda

Natf~F'l.ail

Seed

ltotato. Prodtl~fil1~ Ali~

sociaufon ~UNS!lil:!!A).

It

sea:Sort. ll11'St$~nought0 plantJ,ust 35\<,i-~ l:iectates.

began in 1997 Wtt.l'I Jtrst 1'0 farmers who h.atl "Srmugf\

dear'\

seed fnvvH1es several

land for adequllit~ otop rotation. Each seas<0tl since

stages,,fi"r.s;t, what is known as pr~ltras:i:c see~ must

then, the farm@li$ have received clean basic: seed

be proo1:.1~~,ctfrom 'mothElr' plants :t~~t am grown

frQm NARO, mctl~ij;)Jie.d it, then sold it 'to farm~Hs in

~l!liill!~ ~%~c $ri19 iehy:t0sll)n.i:\i~l'Y' con(li:111:i~saa'"have

Kabale a.md

The. prodl!lCtio'fl of

t:ie.~ t:f\:Qr<:H1!:gf.ilyt~s:t~Gl to e-Mlfre thl~ttlteyanftee

()1:1!1~,t nel!!Jhb~r~n.g

districts..

Since it startlifct,, ~ NSPl?A has pro(l.fl:1.ced ras :n;ruch

bf pa'tho~~g~ .'l'he r~sllltih tubersi)':l'e then ptaflted

as 70'0 bags of'

ii) the field to ganer:ate basic; seed, whi.ch can be

membets.hip has climbed to 26. CIP and PRAfl>ACE

used f pt

t~v~ral 9enerahons

,s,ee:d tll1b1ars:

to p.roduce quality

improM~d

seed a se.ason

an~

its

have worked c:lo$ely with NARO in the selection of

appropriate

vari~ties

and the pm.diuction of bask

seed. One of UNSPPA's biggest challenges has been

persuading ordinary farmers to buy their more expensive, improved seed rather than getting the
cheaper product from local markets or simply using
home-saved seed .
"We have set up demonstrations at different
locations with local home-saved seed versus the
improved seed so that farmers can come and see
the difference themselves," says chairman Stephen
Tindimubona. The typical multiplier effect for improved seed here is 10: 1, versus 3:1 for home-saved
seed . "At the same time, our own fields act as demonstration fields. When we harvest, people come to
see our yields and when they compare them to their
own production they see a big difference."
As well as providing a necessary service to other
farmers, UNSPPA members are finding out that
seed production is a profitable venture. In its best
season , the association made a profit of 19.6 million
shillings (about US$11,700). Members also are benefiting from their ability to market their seed as a
group and from the fact that they now can buy
reliable fungicides, insecticides and fertilizers collectively from the capital city, rather than depend
on the uncertain quality of those available locally.
UNSPPA continues to seek the entry of more
farmers into the seed-producing business. The
association is still small and its annual product ion

QU;t

the fotrn1Jr~; :A r~eerrt threeY'ii!lilr,

grant

av.y;arded

t"'i:fie M~e'tlat'forl

i.*rHt..1i'~l~1"ffe :

grant is pa~t (lf,iJ~'f'lofpgy:t,'han~reF~r:()g

i~. :.

n:iE%0ted 'DY C~P" a~ l:lehaff of the AS$e~

Strengthening (t..,'9itku ltu raf ~esearch i.n East~r.n.a net
Central Africa.

SPREADING THE WORK

have begun to pro.dl!ce basi.cseed themselv~$1;1S,inig

21

stem cuttings from mother plants. Among them is

association founding member and treasurer,
Ponsiano Santaro.
"I'm expecting to get at least 15 bags of prebasic seed," he says. San taro will then rept:lat:rli ~hat
seed to produce 75 bags of. basic seed,

wflkh he

can sell to other association members at 40,000

shillings (US$24) per bag,
San taro started with 40 mother tubers produced
by NARO from pathogen-tested material supplied
by CIP. With these, he followed a method tiha:t has
now become routine. He plants the tubers i:n small
piles of virgin soil a meter apart. After six weeks,
when they have sprouted stems to 15 cm, he cuts
the tips to encourage branching of shoots. Then,

after another week or two, he clips the new branches

October 1999, however, Sanyu has been prod cing

and plants the resulting shoots in a nursery area .

enough to start selling commercially. "We

He waits another couple of weeks before transfer-

ignorant about sources of clean seed, " a rees

ring these plants to the garden where, after three

Peninah Arinaitwe, who attended the farmer field

to four months, they yield basic seed .

school in her village of Nyamiyaga and sine has

The method has been very successful for Santaro.

managed to buy two cows with her profits rom

When the town-based businessman decided to go

potatoes. "We would go to the market and buy

into potato farming, he could not get good seed

whatever was available. We didn 't know we oould

from local markets and only managed to grow

get clean seed. Now other people are realizin

enough potatoes for home consumption . Now,

I am producing a really good crop . They are a " pre-

things have changed . Last season, Santaro made a

ciating the value of buying good seed."

profit of US$750 from seed alone.

22

ere

Ithat

Farmer Kemmani Erinao has also learned how

powerful a little bit of knowledge can be. He used

I
THE POWER OF KNOWLEDGE

to lose half of the potatoes he saved for seeCJ be-

NARO-CIP farmer field schools also have helped

cause he kept them on the ground . Last yel r, he

spread the word about the importance of clean

spent US$360 on materials and four months " f his

seed , disease management and suitable cultural

own time to build a storage hut. He modeled it on

and post-harvest practices. "We were producing in

one of the 76 community diffused-light stores built

an ad hoc manner," says one farmer-pupil, Juliet

in the past few years by local farmer groups with

Sanyu. "Now we have learned how to select seeds

technical help from AFRICARE through its Ug nda

and how to plant in rows to manage our fields . We

Food Security Initiative. More than 100 comm nity

are also learning that it is important to produce

groups are producing quality seed fortheir ow use

quality seed. "

through this program.

Before, using market seed Sanyu would get

Now, says Erinao, "people are even coming from

barely profitable yields of just 2.5 times what she

other villages to buy because they know I have

planted. She often lost much of her crop to bac-

good seed." For him, as for many other African

terial wilt, late blight, and other problems. Since

farmers, quality is convincing.

-

reported by Mike Crowley

IPM TOOLS: NEW ALLIES IN AN OLD BATILE

What do you get when you dangle a battered beer

tables had turned again , the weevil problem was

can on a stick? It may sound incredible, but the

under control, and damages were virtually nil.

answer is the single most important component in

made the difference?

hat

farmers ' fight to control the sweetpotato weevil in

Cuba .

NEW AGE

Grown on 60,000 hectares across Cuba, sweet-

In 1993 CIP and INIVIT, Cuba 's lnstituto de lnves iga -

potatoes contribute precious calories and vitamins

ci6n de Viand as Tropicales, joined forces to de elop

to a needy population. That's why, when in 1993

a comprehensive plan of attack against Cy/ s. A

Cuba was suddenly cut off

return to pesticide

from the pesticide im-

not only unlikely- i was

ports it had depended on

"I

DON' T NEED

for years and weevils

was

not desirable. It wa the

beginning of a ne

age

PESTICIDES ANY
24

devastated the country's

crop, Cuban researchers

for Cuban farmers, and

LONGER, AND

began to search for na-

I WON'T GO BACK TO
tural, ine x pensive and
easy ways to manage the

pesticides were not o be

part of it. Instead, nl tural
solutions were the

THEM AGAIN."

pest.

im.

Farmer Pedro Saez

reflects on the pesti ide-

The problem started

dependent era as h con-

with the collapse of the Soviet Union in the early

templates the healthy sweetpotato fields o

1990s. Without Soviet-provided inputs, defenses

farm in Manacas (Villa Clara Province).

went down in Cuban fields and the sweetpotato

" I don 't need pesticides any longer, and I

his

on't

weevil - Cy/as formicarius, an imported insect with

go back to them again ," he says. According to joint

few natural enemies -

CIP-INIVIT survey conducted in 2000, virtua ly all

faced little opposition. In

1990 average losse s for cooperatives, private farms

and state enterprises in thei r sweetpotato fields

the Cuban producers agree.

Saez began working with predatory ants, oak-

had been less than 10 percent. In 1993, the figure

ing bunches of dried grass in sugar wate

jumped to more than 50 percent. But by 2000, the

leaving them in his plantain fields. Two days later,

and

when the grass bundles were covered with ants,

He found a few things to fall back on: traditional

he took them to his sweetpotato fields, where the

crop management techniques and INIVIT's sound

ants feasted on weevil eggs and larvae.

recommendations, among them, the use of irriga-

Over time Saez has discovered that around 25

tion. Dry, cracked soils make it easy for weevils to

of these ant deposits will do the job on one hectare

lay their eggs directly on sweetpotato roots. Acosta

of sweetpotato. Once the crop is harvested, the

was also advised to rotate crops and never plant

ants will move on to the nearest field where sweet-

his crop next to another sweet potato field. Even so,

potato, a year-round

he -

Cuban crop, is grown.

Cuban farmers -

Saez gets additional

like many other

suf-

fered terrible losses.

support from the fun-

Acosta, nonetheless,

gus Beauveria bassiana,

was initially skeptical

now produced all over

about the new devices,

the island. Although

known as weevil traps,

this fungus is totally

that INIVIT and CIP were

harmless to plants, hu-

promoting . "I saw them

mans and animals, a

in other producers'

small dose spread over

fields and there were

infested fields can be

lots of weevils around

fatal to a good part of th e Cy/as population within

them . I was afraid they might actually harm my

a week.

crops . It looked to me like a bad idea," he recalls.

Farmer Alfredo Acosta, President of the Heroes de

But as the economic crisis persisted, he felt obliged

Yaguajay cooperative in the Alquizar municipality

to give the traps a try. Today, the cooperative's

(Havana Province) remembers his worst harvest. "In

60 hectares of sweetpotato fields yield a healthy

1992 our losses from weevil attacks amounted to 60

30 tonnes per hectare, way above the national

percent of our harvest. And our cooperative," and the

average of 6-7 tonnes.

agricultural ministry officials around the table nod in

Nilo Maza Estrada, an INIVIT economist, agrees

agreement, "is, by Cuban standards, one of the best."

that 'trap' might not be the best word to describe

26-

what th@ beer cans do. "The cans are bottomless

them around the fietd every wel:'!k. The effect of tbe

and witl catch not:Ring. But inside there's a small,

pheromones fasts three to four months; a wh ole

r(i;ld pla$tic disc Qn a strini That diSoe contains a

sweetpotato-growing season.

@.25 m9 dose o-f ,pheromcmes wtth a smell that

Acosta and farmers like him are now convinced

.resem~ ~he mating sillJ:n-ats of a female Cyfas."

of the effediveness of these traps. Even so, there

The

b~e~

tat'} merely proVides protE;ction against

t't:te st H}; and tlier ra:To~. in ?ther toq1tions tt ts .substitl:lted.

py a sff'f~ lo piece: Of wood for roofing.

remains one challenge: to find a means of gua rante~'rng

stabfe suppfies of pher.omones, the most

expensive of the control agents.

Phf!ta.mofl.es;>trte uwa i'.ft combina tion vyi;tn the

...
..
Wnk"fu ri h~a\ljly sptay~d fn

jJ_reauva']jg; fung:rr,

the

Mo!lE

TO COME

~V,,! sqYare 111ef~s, arot1t:1~ ff:ie t~aps. W11!eh: male

Meahwhile, other options are aiso being explored.

we~viTs >sw,qrm around t~ traps ~sea r.ch of fe-

Cristobal Ye ra, in charge of one of the< big state:

,males aft:d a1Jgl1t; Pfl nearby plants, t"Q;ey ,encounter

agricultural enteFpri<&.es in Santo Domingo (Villa

the fa~i ft:mgu S'. Tile i<l~a~ 'h:umb:er"t>f traps fs 1ti

Clara Province), is staking his bets on an important

.per h~~r~, but famers often use :fewer, m~w~ng

C:t:l}mponent e,f the integrated pest management,

or IPM, tool box: his seed bed. Sweetpotato is re-

lem by storing their harvest in the soil u111'til they

produced wi~h stem cuttings . Traditionally, the cut-

could find time to take it to the market. Farmers

tings are made at harvest time to ensure that the

now know that the longer the crop stays in the

plal"lt has completed its productive cycle. The i isk of

ground, the higher the risk of weevil

tra nsplantt.ng ste~s ir:if.ested by we~vHs, hQW'e'.l/~r,

is higher

at this time.

da11t1~ge.

The IPMtact:id recommended by INfVli:f and OP

also include disi hfE!ction of cuttings, elimJnaitfon of

Vera explains the alternative: "Now we plant a

weeds that host the we.evil, and removal of leftover

smaller area and make cuttings from plants only half

roots and plants from harvested fields. Not all pro-

way to maturity, when infection by weevils is not

ducers put all the components into practice. From

so advan ced and tne cuttings are ver.yvigorou:s. By

among them, fa l(l'l!lers pick and choose the set of

martif\9-e.h e ci:;Jts at the top of the pf,aifl:tSJ we reduce

re~hniq1;1es

the risk ,o finfection evem f1J:rther."

labor capacity ""' ~lid their pocketbooks,

A bonus to this system is that harves:t: and plant-

To help

that yvarks .best for their farms, their

m~ke

those choices simple, CIP and its

ing don'tcoincide, mea111ing less ofa labor problem.

Cuban partners have put together an easy-to-

Previously, producers would get around this prob-

understand bookle t on the good and bad guys in

the sweetpotato weevi1 drama, presented as

In 1990 farmers sprayed their fields with highly

cartoom flgures.1fle villa In {s the black sweet potato

toxic imported pesticides 12-15 times EliKh grow-

weevif. The cops cleaning thesweetpotato rows are

ing season. Today, they use none.

two pl edatory ants (Pheidole megacephala and

Tetramorlum guineense) and

Meanwliife, scientists continue to breed 'new

the Beauveria

and better sweetpotatoes that can resist weevil

bassianei fwngus. The smuking gun is the ~agged

attacks and boost yields. They are seeking tq de-

beer can.

velop plants with deeper, harder-to-get-to r.oots

and slimmer stems, which are fess attractive t ~ the

MEASURES OF

success

weevils. A promising candidate from combi ned

INIVIT a11d OP researchers gathered facts and

INIVIT-CIF' gerrnplasm has already been identified.

fi9ures about the impact of this work in a study

In trials, without other controf measures, it yi elds

poblisl}ed in 2000. The ec;,9nomist.S were cautious

34 tonnes, with weevil loss at only 4 to S perf ent.

if! defining the c riteria used to measure suecess,

One of the most rewarding aspects of thi ~ IP-M

but, e~ti ,so, tlife figures spoke eloquently. The

work, according to JNWIT director Sergio Rodrip uei

return 'fJn the

r~earch

invQ;stment'was calculated

Morales, has been the collaboration betweem CIP

to. be at leas.t 4~ 111e:rG:ent ~ by the mCJst conserva-

and INIVIT researchers; "It is a model of true p art-

rive standard s~ anct as high as 73 pen:ent. All in

nership among my staff and the (IP researchers.

aJI, th ~~ was no doubt abQut theval11@dfthe work

Both sides (;an take pride in their results." Cuba's

for. Cu8a's economy,wl:iichhas gained ar:i estimated

appreciation for thek efforts, he points out, was

Lls'.;$ 31 J'l'lill'iom )n increase<l) yields, r~awced lo.sses

officially acknowledged with

a nd market valll'.e.

're~evance

'

'

Aside frem the economrc retwns, there have

ealth an~ erwironm.e nt al benefits.

oi''

to the

a special

awa rd of

nation'.
- r&ported by Ebbe Sc~i0/er

ARRACACHA: A LOST CROP FINDS ITS WAY TO THE MARKET

Artemio Burga farms 2.5 hectares of steeply sloping

only is it being prepared for introduction int

land in the village of Mangallpa, in the northern

gional and national markets; it also is taking on a

Peruvian Department of Cajamarca. His hillside farm

new importance among the people who gro

is typical of those in his village : a patchwork of

consume it. Subsistence farmers who neverthought

garden-sized plots of potato, maize, cassava, sweet-

twice about arracacha are beginning to see i as a

potato, beans , sugar cane, cabbages, peas, carrots

step on the path toward a better future .

and a parsnip-like root crop called arracacha .

"Arracacha has always been around," says Burga,

re-

and

"We' ll be planting another one-third of a he tare

in the next few days," confirms Burga 's 42-ye r-old

73 . "Until recently, we

son , Segundo, as h . surveys a freshly pl owe field

grew it because our par"THE IDEA IS TO EMPOWER

ents and grandparents

grew it. We didn't know

on thefarm he share with

PRODUCERS AND LOCAL

anything about the differ-

his father. "If it's as profitable as we hope i will

INSTITUTIONS TO TAKE ON

ent varieties, or how to get

the highest yields. We

be, we can start to hink

THESE CHALLENGES

never really thought much

about sending one , four

children to high s

ool.

THEMSELVES."

about it at all. "

This and several other
root and tuber crops were a mainstay of ancient

Right now there is n " way

we can afford it. "
The project was conceived and organized

Andean civilizations . Developed over centuries by

Consortium for the Sustainable Developme t of

highland farmers, they have recently lost ground

the Andean Ecoregion (CONDESAN), of whic

to more commercial crops, leading them to be

is a founding member. The initiative is grou ded

dubbed 'the lost crops of the Incas'.

on strategic alliances at the regional, nation I and

Now, arracacha is at the heart of a three-country,

multi-institutional effort to preserve the diversity

local levels, permitting a concerted respons

CIP

to a

comple x set of conditions and challenges.

of native crops while promoting community-level

"This project covers the whole chain , from

agro-industry in the Andes . As a result, the root

genetics, to agronomy, to engineering, to eco omic

crop is undergoing a double transformation. Not

development," says project coordinator an

CIP

post-harvest produ.ctior.i specialist Sonia Salas.

dt?velopment specialists to small-scale merchants

"When you are dealing with issues as G:omplicated

and farmers. The idea is to empower producers and

as these, you can't really separate research and

local institutions to take on these challenges; them-

development. In each place, you try to bring all the

selves."

institutions tegether to make the system work in

a111 integrated

Researchers and development institutions

throughout the Atndes are getting the m~jisaglii.

way."

When CONDESAN's electronic information arm,

lnfoAndina, l!lsed the

REGIONAL MOOEL

"The arracai;;ha project

anacacha project as a

is an excellent model,"

model in a

says CONDESAN's Elias

'electronic forum' on

Mujft:a. ''There are some

rural

regional

agro-industry,

srn~11-scale

more than 500 p~Qple

agro-indutrlalists in the

in 21 countries joined

A.,ndes, making every-

in the debate. On:e of

thing from cneese and

the themes was the role

biscuits to honey and

of. agroindustry lr:i the

$00,000

31

jam, The

~rnduct~

be differ~t,

conservation of bio-

may

diversity.

but the

Histo~lcafly,

producers' needs ar~ similar. They have to modern-

industry-oriente<l agriculture tends to dispface

ize production, to make high-quality products, to

genetically diverse traditional cropping system~ with

mak~ consumers aware of the

products,andto main-

monocultures based on new, 'improved' crop vari-

tain geneti~. drversity, They also have to make sure

eties. This agro~i:ntlustry project, however, is Hoked

that lhe bt:tlik o-1 t.Jne profits don't go te rniddllem.en."

to a larger CIP tUiqject aimed at consef'1:'1irr9 andl

ro do all that, Salas says,

requires a level bf or-

ganization that doesn't generally exist~n poor rural

uti'llzir.ig f.ndean :biodiversity.

"Big factories demand regulat inputll, Which
th~!r

communities. "That's why it is so important to in-

means they want genetic uniformity in

clude a wide rQnge of actors -

materials," Salas explains. "But our hypothesis ts that

from $'.dentists and

raw

small-scale, rural agro-industry, which isn't so highly

mechanized, can actually enhance diversity.

hat

should be especially true where the raw mat rials

are little-known native crops like arracacha."
"Equally important," adds Salas, "is the fact that
agro-industry generates added value, incom

and

employment in rural areas. This makes it a pow rful

weapon in the war on poverty."

SIMPLE CHANGES

In Ecuador, the arracacha project is centered i San

Jose de Minas, about 90 km from Quito. In Bo ivia,
the work is being carried out in San Juan de La

iel,

100 km from La Paz. In both cases, fresh arrac cha

enjoys a small but established niche in nearby u ban
markets.
Farmers are working to identify and s lect
desirable varieties, produce disease-free pla ting
material, modernize their cultivation methods and
reduce post-harvest losses that often appr ach
40 percent. Communities are also establishin
farm collections of arracacha -

on-

a vital step to ard

conserving the diversity of native varieties.

"Just by making a few simple changes in th way
they manage the crop, farmers have been ab e to
more than double their productivity," reports F usto
Do Santos, an agronomist from The Bra rlian
Agricultural Resesarch Agency (EMBRAPA) wh

was

invited by CIP to work with producers at the project

sites. Do Santos has shown farmers how to improve
soil preparation, create seedbeds, produce better
cuttings, and space plants more efficiently. Not only
have yields increased dramatically; the plants have
also begun to produce straighter, more uniform roots,
a major advantage for shipping and handling.
The project also has sponsored food fairs to spur
local culinary interest in the crop. Farmwomen have
presented a variety of dishes to what has been, by
all accounts, a highly approving public. Now tourist
hotels near the project site in Bolivia are offering
arracacha specialties on their menus.

ALMOST MARKET-READY

In Peru, the arracacha project goes one step further.

There, farmers are making the same sorts of agronomic improvements as those in Ecuador and
Bolivia. But they are also launching the commercial
production of a local specialty called rallado de
arracacha, a sweet sticky paste made from grated
arracacha cooked in sugar cane syrup .
For generations, rallado has been prepared in
small quantities in individual households, mainly for
consumption as a special dessert during local festivities. Only a tiny fraction found its way to village
markets, and even less made it as far as the closest
urban centers. Raf/ado was typically packaged in a

banana leaf without a label and the quality of the

can take what they learn here and apply it to

product was variable, to say the least.

activities. One of their most important lessons i that

Yet all indications are that rallado has tremen-

there are benefits in working together.

dous market potential. Detailed surveys conducted

"The producers are changing their ment lity,"

by Salas' team in Lima and the northern coastal city

Salas observes. " People who thought only as ndi-

of Chiclayo have shown it to be highly appealing

viduals are now thinking of how they can join f ' rces

to urban consumers. Mothers have reported a se-

to reach bigger and better markets. "

rious interest in rallado for inclusion in their

"This project is more than just the logical out-

children 's school lunches. The dessert was even

come of all the research that has been done b, CIP

received with enthusiasm in Paris, where it was

and others on arracacha; it is a fundamental p rt of

introduced at a major international fair.

that research," says Gilberto Coronado, coordi ator

For farmers, this is excellent news. Processed

34

ther

rallado is easy to transport and has a shelf life of six

months, compared to just a week for fresh arracacha.

of the local office of ESCAES. "Commercializat'on is

a crucial part of the chain of production ."
Early results have been encouraging . M rket
prices for ral/ado have doubled since the pr ject

COMMUNITY CORPORATION

began, thanks to improved quality and int rest .

Working with a Peruvian NGO, Farmer Schools for

Local producers are optimistic that more

Education and Health (ESCAES), Salas and her col-

things are coming.

ood

leagues have helped families from two villages or-

"This is a change for us," says Roberto Cast llo, a

ganize a legally recognized, community-owned busi-

37-year-old owner-member of the ral/ado com any,

ness to produce and market rallado. The villagers

"My wife and I have been talking for a long time

have built a model processing plant in Sucse, a district

about how to improve things for our two-and-a half-

of S6cota, Cajamarca.

year-old daughter. To get ahead with our fann ing,

"The idea of the plant is to improve the last steps

we'd need more land and more money for i puts.

of the process to meet exacting sanitary standards

Unfortunately, we don't have more land or m ney.

and satisfy consumer preferences, " says Salas. Pro-

With the rallado, we can take advantage of wh t we

ducers are learning about quality control, packag-

already have."

ing, and marketing . The hope, Salas says, is that they

reported by Jon

ii/er

BOARD OF TRUSTEES

OR At.KIA BARCENA

(TO MARCH

DR EtJA PEHU

2000)

Comisi6n Econ6mica para America Latina y el Caribe

(CEPAL), United Nations
Chile

The World Bank

USA
DR KLAUS RAVEN

DR

M SUJAYET

ULLAK C~OWDHURY

Bangladesh Academy of Agriculture

Bangladesh

(DIED FEBRUARY

2000)

Facultad de Agronomfa, Universidad Nacional A~ raria

Peru
DR THERESA SENGOOBA

MR JIM GODFREY

(FROM APRll

Namulonge Agricultural and Animal Productioti Research Institute

Uganda

2000)

R J & A E Godfrey
UK
OR (HtJKICHI l<ANEDA

DR JOSEFINA TAKAHl\SHl

Association for International Cooperation of Agriculture & Forestry

Japan

Ministerio de Agricultura
Peru

DR KIM, l<ANG-KWUN

Netherlands

DR KOENRAAD VERHOEFF

40

(FROM AUGUST

2000)

College of Natural Sciences, Konkuk University

Republic of Korea

DR

DR DAVID R MACKENZIE

University of Cantho
Vietnam

(CHAIR)

Northeastern Regional Association of State Agricultural Experiment Station Directors (NERA)

USA
DR ORLANDO Oli.CESE (fRGM

MARCH

Vo-ToNG

XUAN

(T0JANIJARv

2000J

OR HUBERT ZANDSTRA

International Potato Center (CIP)

Peru

20QQ)

Universidad Nacional Agraria

Peru

IN

MEMORIAM
Dr M Sujayet Ullah Chowdhury (1940-2001 l

oi

It is with great sadness that we report the death of Dr M Sujayet Ullah Chowdhury
14 March 2001. Dr Chowdhury joined CIP-'s Board ofTrustees in 19~7 and in 2000 w~s
reappointed ta servefoiasecond t!!rtn. His death came only arew days before he was dlJ~
to join his colleagues at the 2001 Board meeting.
Before joining Cl P's Board, Dr Chowdhury served as ChiefExecutiveOffic::er and Executi~
Chairman of the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council (BARC).
Dr C:howdhury was a most conscientious mernber of CIP's Board and, especi?lly ir:i h
t s
work wit~ the Frnan(:fi! and Audit Gommitt~e (~f which he
appointed Chal!1n 200 ,
he contributed much ro the welfare of OP. His interventions at Board meet11'19S we
always thoughtful arid measured; they showed a wee1lth qf experience and practid1I
insight into the role of a center such as CIP in assisting developing country agricultur+.

':"as

DrCh.owdhury is survived by: his san Enamand daughter Sheila, to whom we extend oiJr
1
deepest sympathy.

DONOR CONTRIBUTIONS

CIP is grateful for the continued support of its donors. We are

particularly thankful for those funds that are provided to us
without restriction, allowing us to apply our recognized
international expertise to meet challenges as they evolve.
During 2000 our new biosafety greenhouse became operational,
and we saw substantial progress in the construction of our new
genebank building. We thank all the donors listed below who

2,571'
Swiss Agency for Development and
Cooperation (SOC}
2,454
United States Agency for International
Development (USAID}
2,110
International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development (IBRD/World Bank Group}
1,934b
European Commission (EC}
1,508
Government of Japan
1,350'
CGIAR Finance Committee
1,208 d
Government of Netherlands
928
Government of Germany
Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA} 716
Swedish International Development Cooperation
673
Agency (SIDA}
Department for International Development
660
(DFID}, UK
626
Canadian International Development Agen<;y (CIDA}
505
Government of Austria
478
Government of Luxembourg
International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD} 312
248
FONTAGRO I RIMISP*
248
International Development Research Centre (IDRC},
Canada
231 f
Government of Belgium
227
International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI}
Australian Centre for International Agricultural
190
Research (ACIAR}
174
Government of Norway
144 9
The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University
(KVL}, Denmark
141 h
Government of France
120
Government of Italy
90
Government of China
90
Government of Spain
1

helped to make this possible, and who also enabled us to

overcome the year's financial challenges.
Financial results for the year reinforce our confidence in our
ability to attract new funding, and to maintain the Center's
funding at a sustainable and stable level.
In short, thanks to our donors, CIP's future looks bright.

Ford Foundation
Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran
The McKnight Foundation
Consultative Group on International Agricultural
Research (CGIAR}
Government of Colombia
Asian Development Bank (ADB}
Government of Peru
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA}/University of Missouri
Food and Agriculture Organization of the
United Nations (FAO}
Government of Brazil
Government of the Republic of Korea
Government of South Africa
Government of Israel on behalf of the State of Israel/
Agriculture Research Organization (ARO}
International Fertilizer Development Center (IFDC}
Natural Resources Institute (NRI}, UK
Government of India
International Centre for R.esearch in Agroforestry
(ICRAF}
Wallace Genetic Foundation Inc
brganization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
(OPEC} Fund for International Development
CGIAR Impact Assessment and Evaluation Group
(IAEG}
Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAD
Conservation Food & Health Foundation Inc
Government of Mexico
International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI}
Embassy of Germany in Peru
Erbacher Foundation .

80
80
76
70;
64
61
59
55
50
50
50
50
49
47;
40
37
37
30
25
20
18
17
15
15
10
4

Includes USS 136,000 for an assoc::iate expert

Comprises US$1, 142,000 for activities in Asia, US$667,000 for activities in Latin America and USS 125,000 for activities in ACP (Africa, Caribbean, Pacific)

' Comprises USS850,000 to cope with EC 1999 default and US$500,000 for downsizing cost
' Includes US$400,000 special contribution
"' li1cludes US$79,000 for an associate expert

' Includes US$124,000 from year 1999 contribution, received 3 April 2000
9
h
1

Includes USS 124,000 for an associate expert

Includes US$64,000 for an associate expert
Comprises US$60,000 from CGIAR through the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) for support for potato activity in
Central Asia, and US$10,000 from CGIAR through the Participatory Research and Gender Analysi s (PRGA) project for impact evaluation of participatory
development of integrated insect and disease management

J Includes US$47,000 for an associate expert

* Fondo

Regional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria/Red Internacional de Metodologia de lnvestigaci6n de Sistemas de Producci6n

I 41

Cl P's
CIP's total income in 2000 was US$23.9 million (12% more than
the 1999 income of US$21.4 million). This income comprises
unrestricted funds {US$11.4 million), restricted funds {US$9.9
million), a special allocation from the CGIAR Finance Committee
to help cope with the lost EC funds in 1999 {US$0.8 million), and
proceeds from the sale of the CIP aircraft {US$1 .8 million). At the
end of 2000, US$3.5 million of this expected income had not yet
been received. The allocation of CIP's total 2000 income to its
research activities is shown .in Table 1.
Table 1. Allocation of income to CIP activities, 1999 and 2000

US$ millions % US$millions %

11.4

53

11 .2

47

Sweetpotato

7.5

35

7.4

30

Andean roots and H1bers

0.9

0.9

Natural resource management

1.1

1.3

Global Mountain Program

0.4

Global Initiative on Late Blight

0.1

Potato

{including CONDESAN)
0.2
6.1

{GILB)

42 1

Urban and peri-urban

0.2

2.6

agriculture {SIUPA)
Financial operating reserve

11

Over the past decade CIP has made efforts to maintain a financial
qperating reserve. From a deficit of US$3.0 million in 1991 , the
reserve grew to a positive balance of US$1.5 million in 1998
{Figure 1). The EC's decision not to disburse the US$1 .9 million
pledged for 1999 forced CIP to use US$1.3 million of its reserve
to help finance its activities. As a result, the reserve was reduced
to US$0.2 million by the end of ,-999.

FINANCES

infrastructure and facilities, which would revert to the hostcountry government in the event that the Center eases
operations, should be deducted from the capital accoun . This
implementation is reflected in the reduction {compare with
1999) in the 'Property and equipment' account in the Sta ment
of financial position .
The new biosafety greenhouse, part of the new biodi
facility, became functional late in 2000. Funding for this b
- USS0.25 million for construction and US$0. 15 milli
equipment - was provfded, as restricted contributions,
Government of,_,Japan. Construction of the genebank b
also part of the biodiversity facility, began in April 20
because of cash-flow limitations work had to be deferr
_ now expect to complete construction during the first qu
2001. The total investment is estimated as USS 1.5 million {
million for construction and US$0.9 million for equipme

ersity
ilding
n for
y the
lding,
, but
. We
er of
S$0.6
t).

During 2000 CIP completed the integration of its cor orate

databases. The CIP financial information system CIPFIS {a p ojectbased integrated budgeting, accounting, costing an cash
management system) is now linked with the databa es of
Administration {purchasing and inventory) and Re earch
{germplasm acquisition and distribution, and the wo kflow
system). Several other small applications, such as payroll, a e also
linked into the integrated system. The databases making p this
integrated system are installed at CIP's headquarters i Lima
and are accessible from regional offices.
The integrated system offers a full range of data entry,
and reporting facilities. It is a powerful and effective t
decision-making, and it improves efficiency and reduce
During 2001 we plan to extend the system to incor
information required for the physical management of ass
for our strategic capital investment plan {CIP fixed
management system).
US$ millions

3.5
3
2.5

1.5

During 2000 the US$0.8

million received from the CGIAR Finance
1
Committee and the US$1 .8 million proceeds from the sale of
CIP's aircraft, together with savings achieved during the year
{US$0.2 million) were allocated to CIP's reserve account. By the
end of 2000, therefore, the operating reserve stood at US$3.0
million {equivalent to 46 days of the Center's cash needs).
Nevertheless, the amount receivable by the end of the year {see
Statement of financial position, page 43) is an indication that CIP
needs to continue keeping . in place a cautious cash control
program. CIP's management plans to continue strengthening
the cash management program during 2001 .
During 2000 CIP finalized the implementation of ,the revised
CGIAR financial g1:1idelines .recommending that a Center's

0.5
0
-0.5

1991

-1
1 .5
-2
-2.5
-3
, -3.5

Figure 1. Financial reserve, 1991-2000

The .statement of financial position summarizes Cl P's fina ces in
2000. A copy of the complete financial statement, audi ed by
PriceWaterhouseCoopers, may be re.quested from th Chief
Financial Officer at CIP headquarters in Lima, Peru.

(US$000)
2000
Assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalent
Securities
Accounts receivable
Donors
Employees
Others
Inventories
Advances
Prepaid expenses
Total current assets
Property and equipment, net

(US$000)

1999

5,407
70

8,392
57

3,572
268
- 323
571
399

1,170
200
426
607
302

__J_QZ

--12

10,777

11,179

3,355

10,501

A model of the new biodiversityfacility at Cl P's headquarters in Lima, Peru

2000

1999

Liabilities and net assets

Current liabilities
Accounts payable
Donors
Others
Accruals
Total current liabilities

689
4,483
1.781
6,953

3,262
4,831
1,030
9,123

Net assets
Appropriated
Unappropriated
Total net assets

4,109
3,070
7,179

12,356
_.lQl

12,557

CIP's

RESEARCH PROGRAM

CIP's research program comprises 17 projects that address the

most pressing constraints to improving livelihoods through
potato and sweetpotato production and utilization, managing
natural resources in mountain ecosystems, and preserving and
exploiting underutilized Andean root and tuber crops.
These projects constitute a constraints-driven research agenda
that is implemented through regional strategies in all relevant

production areas of the world . Regional implemen

involves close partnership with national programs, unive
local, regional and international nongovernmental o
izations (NGOs), farmers and farm organizations (through t
field schools), and the private sector. Close associatio
advanced research institutions is also an important comp
and a necessity to bring the most advanced research and
tools to bear on the constraints.

Project

44 1

Leader

I J Landeo

Integrated control of late blight

R Nelson

Integrated control of bacterial wilt

S Priou

Control of potato viruses

L Salazar

Integrated management of potato pests

A Lagnaoui

Propagation of clonal potato planting materials

U Jayasinghe (until June 2000) I M Bonierbaie

Sexual potato propagation (TPS)

M Upadhya

Global sector commodity analysis and impact assessment for potato

TWalker

(until December 2000)

(until June 2000)

I E Chujoy

and sweetpotato
8

Control of sweetpotato viruses

L Salazar

Integrated management of sweetpotato pests

E vah de Fliert

1O Postharvest utilization of sweetpotato

G Scott (until Augu st 2000) I DP Zhang

11 Breeding sweetpotato for high-dry-matter yield and adaptation

DP Zhang

12 Strategic Initiative on Urban and Peri-urban Agriculture

G Prain

13 Sustainability of rice-based cropping systems featuring potato

TWalker

as a cash crop
14 Sustainable land use in the Andes

R Quiroz

15 Conservation and characterization of potato genetic resources

Z Huaman

16 Conservation and characterization of sweetpotato genetic resources

M Hermann

17 Conservation and characterization of Andean root and tuber crops

M Holle

(until June 2000 )/

W Roca

tion
ities,
ganrmer
with
nent,
ther

PROJECT 1. INTEGRATED CONTROL OF LATE BLIGHT

PROJECT 4.1 NTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF POTATO PESTS

CIP's highest research priority is to develop, adapt and integrate

technologies for managing late blight of potato, the world's
worst agricultural crop disease, caused by the oomycete
Phytophthora infestans. CIP scientists use a range of methods,
including state-of-the-art biotechnological tools, to produce
breeding populations and advanced clones with durable
resistance to the disease. Additional component technologies
are being developed for integrated disease management under
the conditions encountered by resource-poor farmers in
developing countries. Geographic information systems are
linked with crop and disease models to understand the
complexities of the disease's epidemiology across diverse
agroecosystems.

Key pests of potato, globally or regionally, are three species of

potato tuber moth (a threat that is rapidly becoming more
serious), several species of Andean potato weevil, the leaf-miner
fly, whiteflies and several flea beetles. Nematodes that reduce
potato yields and favor the development of bacterial wilt
pathogens are potato cyst, rosary and root-knot nematodes. This
project seeks to develop locally adapted integrated pest
management programs for these pests, emphasizing sustainable,
ecologically based and economically sound practices that will
lead to reduced use of chemical pesticides and increased benefits
for farmers. Components include biological, cultural and resistance aspects of control.

PROJECT
PROJECT 2. INTEGRATED CONTROL OF BACTERIAL WILT

Bacterial wilt (BW), caused by Ralstonia soldnacearum, is the

second main potato disease in the world. The key to overcoming
the constraint is. to control the spread of the disease by using
only healthy planting material. CIP's research therefore
concentrates on developing tools to detect the presence of
bacteria in soil and tubers. This knowledge is used to improve
crop management, seed systems and identification of available
resistant/tolerant material. The project also aims at designing,
validating and promoting integrated strategies for managing
bacterial wilt in different production systems and completing
the selection of potato progenies with tolerance or resistance
to BW, developed in past years. Main components for BW
management are seed health, plant resistance, crop rotation,
soil fertility and biological control.

PROJECT 3. CONTROL OF POTATO VIRUSES

Virus diseases cause serious losses in potato, and also disrupt

global efforts to improve potato because national and international regulations control the movement of virus-infected
seed and genetic resources. Biotechnology tools are used to
identify resistance genes in related plant species and to clone
and transfer. them to potato; these tools are combined with
traditional methods of breeding to develop adapted cultivars
resistant to a range of viruses. Identifying and characterizing the
most important viruses and virus-like agents that affect potato is
an essential step towards developing sensitive, low-cost methods
for large-scale detection. CIP researchers also study epidemiological factors that affect virus spread, with particular
attention to interaction between viruses and other pathogens
that may affect plant resistance response, and train national
scientists in virus identification, detection .and control
techniques. Research and training activities focus on the most
important potato viruses (PLRV and PVY) and on the potato
spindle tuber vlroid (PSTVd). Particular attention is given to
practical utilization/adoption of virus-resistant materials already
produced at CIP (including genotypes already carrying combined
resistance to more than one virus, preferably in multiplex
condition).

5.

PROPAGATION OF CLONAL POTATO PLANTING

MATERIALS

In many countries, the lack of efficient formal and informal seed

potato systems has limited the diffusion of new and improved
varieties because only limited amounts of healthy clonal planting
material are available. Varietal introduction and diffusion is
dependent on the informal system, but it must be linked with
the formal system and it must emphasize high quality planting
material. This project provides research and technical assistance
to selected formal and informal seed systems in various countries
to help them improve their efficiency and effectiveness. This is
accomplished through farmer training and establishment of
pilot seed systems. The project also explores innovations in
linkages between formal and informal seed systems, aiming to
speed up varietal introduction and diffusion.

PROJECT

6. SEXUAL POTATO PROPAGATION (TPS)

True potato seed (TPS) enables a crop to h>e grown in areas where
'traditional production systems fail, for example, where seed tubers
are scarce or not available. By facilitating the transfer of TPS
technology in such areas of the tropics and subtropics, this project
aims to expand potato cultivation and increase its efficiency
(reduce production costs, increase yields), CIP concentrates on ,
improving parents for hybrid TPS production and developing
needed specific traits such as late-blight resistance:eiirliness and
seed set. CIP's work is back-stopped by local organizaftons (private
sector, NGOs, NARS) in efforts to commercialize TPS systems and
thus underpin developing small industries.

PROJECT 7, GLOBAL SECTOR COMMODITY ANALYSIS AND

IMPACT ASSESSMENT FOR POTATO AND
SWEETPOTATO

The objective of this project is to provide more complete

information to scientists, research administrators, policy-makers
and donors for decision-making on technology design, resource
allocation, policy. formulation and investment options related
to potato and sweetpotato improvement and utilization. Some

of the specific objectives are to: quantify the agronomic,

economic, social and environmental effects of improved potato
and sweetpotato technologies; document the rate of return,
and the effect on poverty, of CIP's research; assess the level and
adequacy of investment in potato and sweetpotato crop
improvement in developing countries; assemble and maintain
price and production databases for priority setting; evaluate the
effects of potato price instability on diverse groups in society;
assist in improving domestic potato and sweetpotato marketing
and international potato trade benefiting developing countries;
and participate in generating the most informative commodity
projections with specialized institutions.

(eg, starch and flour), and the more efficient use of sweet . tato
roots, vines and by-products as animal feed. In Africa, the go I is to
enhance food security by taking advantage of sweetp ato's
nutritional qualities. CIP researchers evaluate opportunitie . and
undertake collaborative research on markets, raw-material q ality,
process development, product quality, and the social accept bility
of innovation in pilot enterprises. They tap such resources as ARS,
NGOs and users in target countries, along with global cen rs of
research excellence in disciplines not available in-house, s ch as
food science/technology and animal sciences.

PROJECT

MATTER YIELD AND ADAPTATION

PROJECT 8. CONTROL OF SWEETPOTATO VIRUSES

46 1

Virus diseases greatly reduce sweetpotato yields worldwide,

particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. Control can be achieved by
using healthy planting materials (the use of virus-free planting
materials alone can triple yields) and developing resistant
cultivars. Identification of viruses and development of sensitive
methods of detection are fundamental steps toward this end.
Previous work has shown that a synergy between sweetpotato
feathery mottle virus (SPFMV) and sweetpotato chlorotic stunt
virus (SPCSV) causes the sweetpotato virus disease (SPVD) that
can devastate crops. The project aims to identify the viruses
causing major losses in production, develop methods of
detection, and apply methods of control. Researchers seek to
develop resistance to SPVD using a range of breeding
approaches, including the most advanced molecular methods.

PROJECT

9.

11. BREEDING SWEETPOTATO FOR HIGH-DRY

This project aims to improve sweetpotato production an use

through the development and adoption of high-dry-m tter/
high-starch varieties with adaptability to low-input, subsi
farming systems. The diverse sweetpotato germplasm at
used to generate high-dry-matter parental clones th
population breeding . A well-established, decentr
breeding framework uses these advanced parental do es to
produce new varieties with a broader genetic backgroun , and
good adaptability to cope with abiotic and biotic stres es in
target environments. Molecular approaches are appli d to
develop, expand and efficiently use the genetic variati ns in
order to meet breeding needs. The new clones are ' eing
adapted to low-input subsistence systems in target en ironments to feed into the developing markets. The project herefore provides the raw material for increase in both fres and
proce ssed use of sweetpotato; dry matter is the ess ntial
component in both types of use.

INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF
SWEETPOTATOPESTS
PROJECT

The aim of this project is to develop IPM (integrated pest

management) systems for sweetpotato. These systems need to
be compatible with farmers' crop management practices, as
well as with prevailing ecological and socioeconomic conditions, to ensure effective and sustainable solutions. Therefore,
participatory approaches are applied to prioritize research
needs, develop adapted pest and crop management components and design learning strategies which enhance farmers'
ecological knowledge and decision-making and problemsolving skills. IPM training programs are designed, and their
implementation by governmental and nongovernmental
organizations facilitated, through the training of trainers and
provision of sweetpotato IPM information materials.

PROJECT 10. PosTHARVEST UTILIZATION OFSWEETPOTATO

This project studies technologies to improve the livelihoods of

rural poor through diversification and expansion of sweetpotato
use. The main beneficiaries are women and children and small
households. Nutrition and income are improved and poverty is
reduced. Project goals include facilitating the development of
small enterprises based on added-value from primary processing

12. STRATEGIC INITIATIVE ON URBAN AND

PERI-URBAN AGRICULTURE

The Strategic Initiative on Urban and Peri-urban Agric ' lture

(SIUPA) was launched by the CGIAR in late 1999 in respo se to
growing urbanization and increased dependence
city
dwellers on farming: CIP is the convening center for the ini ative.
SIUPA's goals are to: contribute to increased food se urity,
improved nutritional status and higher incomes of urba and
peri-urban farmers; reduce the negative environmental i pact
of urban and peri-urban agriculture and enhance its p .sitive
ecological potential; and establish the perception of urb and
peri-urban agriculture as a positive, productive and es ential
component of sustainable cities. In collaboration with the many
national and international efforts that have started in ecent
years to address the issue of. urban and peri-urban agric ,lture,
SIUPA is establishing, in regional sites, a set of research ac ivities
collectively known as Urban Harvest. Several interna ional
agricultural research centers are already working in such areas
as: technology and policy aspects of urban agricultur and
nutrition; enhanced efficiency and sustainability of peri rban
vegetable production systems; health impacts of the use o ' rban
waste water in agriculture; and the development of susta nable
peri-urban agro-processing and livestock enterprises.

PROJECT

13. SUSTAINABILITY OF RICE-BASED

CROPPING SYSTEMS FEATURING POTATO
AS A CASH CROP

In response to increasing land scarcity in subtropical South and

Southeast Asia, potatoes, with a high production potential per
unit time, are increasingly being planted in intensive sequential
cropping systems, such as rice-potato-rice, and in more intensive
intercrops, such as rice-potato/maize. Typically, rice is planted
at the onset of the rainy season, irrigated potato is sown in the
cooler dry season, and irrigated rice or another crop is cultivated
in the hot summer. To realize the potential of the potato crop,
factors that threaten the sustainability of these input-responsive
cropping systems must be identified and addressed. This project
diagnoses constraints to increasing and maintaining productivity
in selected potato and rice-based cropping systems; and
generates crop and natural resource management information
on how to alleviate the most important of those constraints.

PROJECT

14. SUSTAINABLE LAND USE IN THE ANDES

The Andes comprises a series of unique habitats rich in natural

resources. The inhabitants of this region confront massive
poverty, increasing population growth, and rapid degradation
of the natural resource base. They face the difficult challenge of
trying to increase agricultural productivity while simultaneously
decreasing stress on the environment. This project aims to
characterize the Andean ecor.egion for its potential for
sustainable agriculture, and to provide a scientific, technical
and economic base for policy and technology recommendations
to decision-makers in the region. It also seeks to develop
innovative methodologies for ecoregional research through an
effective integration of process-based crop growth models,
remote sensing, economic decision models, and geographic
information systems . Through short-term training and
collaborative research, the project aims to build an international
community of researchers working toward sustainable development of agriculture in mountain areas.

PROJECT

15. CONSERVATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF

POTATO GENETIC RESOURCES

CIP holds the most comprehensive collection of germplasm of

wild and cultivated potatoes in the world. Key objectives of this
project include safe, long-term conservation and charac-

terization of the germplasm, and developing a database

containing all information on the collection and making this
information available to interested parties. Research attempts
to increase utilization of the potato genetic diversity by
identifying key desirable traits and distributing healthy seed
stocks and clonal materials throughout the world for use in
potato improvement programs. The project provides a key input
into CIP's own breeding efforts.

PROJECT

16. CONSERVATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF

SWEETPOTATO GENETIC RESOURCES

The overall objective of this project is to safeguard sweetpotato

genetic resources and to facilitate their use for the benefit of
resource-poor sweetpotato producers and users. Specifically, it
seeks to develop cost-efficient and sustainable conservation
methods, to contribute to the understanding of biogeographic
and genetic patterns of diversity, and to document and
disseminate traditional and technicaI knowledge on sweetpotato genetic resources worldwide. Expected impacts include
the enhanced use of germplasm in breeding and varietal testing,
improved international task and resource sharing for
sweetpotato conservation, and reduced genetic redundancy of
sweetpotato holdings.

PROJECT

17. CONSERVATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF

ANDEAN ROOT AND TUBER CROPS

Assisting national programs in rationalizing strategies for both

ex situ and in situ conservation of Andean root and tuber crops
(ARTC) involves the study and preservation of biodiversity, with
emphasis on four priority genera - Oxalis (oca), Ullucus (ulluco),
Canna (achira) and Arracacia (arracacha), including wild species
- and on the material of Mirabifis expansa (mauka), Pachyrhizus
ahipa (ahipa), Smallanthus sonchifofius (yacon), Tropaeolum
tuberosum (mashua) and Lepidium spp (maca). The pr9ject is
systematically assessing the potential of ARTC to promote
wider use in the subtropical and tropical highlands, within and
outside the Andean region, through the study of current
marketing and consumption patterns. It aims to identify latent
demands these crops may satisfy in the future, and to produce
healthy planting materials for farmers. This project is perhaps
the only one in the world with a major effort towards developing
virus identification and eradication procedures for these
important, underutilized crops.

SELECTED PUBLICATIONS BY

Bejarano L., E. Mignolet, A. Devaux, N. Espinola, E. Carrasco

and Y. Larondelle. 2000. Glycoalkaloids in potato tubers: The
effect of variety and drought stress on the a.-solanine and
a.-chaconine contents of potatoes. Journal of the Science of
Food and Agriclture 80:2096-2100.
Bernet T. and C. Leon-Velarde. 2000. Income effects of fodder
and herd management on small-scale milk producers in the
northern Peruvian Andes. Livestock Research for Rural
Development (12)3 .
Boncodin R., D. Campilan and G. Prain: 2000. Dynamics in
tropical homegardens. Urban Agriculture 1:10-12.

48

(Ip

STAFF

Fuglie K.O., V.S. Khatana, S. llangantileke, J.P. S ngh,

D. Kumar and G. Scott.2000. Economics of potato stor ge in
northern India. Quarterly Journal of International Agri lture
39:131-148.
Fuglie K.O. 2000. Trends in agricultural research expen itures
in the United States. In: Fuglie K.O. and D.E. Schimmelp nnig
(eds), Public-private collaboration in agricultural research Iowa
State University Press, Ames, IA, USA. p. 9-23.
Fuglie K.0, C. Narrod and C. Neumeyer C. 2000. Publ
private investments in animal research . In: Fuglie K.O. a
Sch i mmelpfennig (eds), Public-private collaborati
agricultural research . Iowa State University Press, Ames, I
p. 117-151.

and
D.E.

Campilan D. and G. Prain. 2000. Self-assessment as an approach

to evaluating participatory research : An Asian experience. In:
Lilja N., J. Ashby and L. Sperling (eds), Assessing the impact of
participatory research and gender analysis. CGIAR SWP- PRGA
(Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research
Systemwide Program-Participatory Research and Gender
Analysis), Cali, Colombia. p. 172-182.

Fuglie K.O. and D.E. Schimmelpfennig (eds). 2000.

private collaboration in agricultural research. Iowa State
Uni~ersity Press, Ames, IA, 'tJSA. 354 p.

Canedo V. and A. lagnaoui. 2000. Estado actual del uso de

feromonas sexuales en el Centro Internacional de la Papa (CIP).
In: Arning I. and A. Lizarraga (eds) Control etol6gico: Uso de
feromonas, trampas de co/ores y de /uz para el control de plagas
en la agricultura sostenible. RAAA, Lima, Peru. p. 73-80.

Hijmans RJ., G.A. Forbes and T.S. Walker. 2000. Esti

the global severity of potato late blight with a GIS-linked
forecast model. Plant Pathology 49:697-705.

Crissman C.C., J.M. Antle and J. J. Stoorvogel. 2000. Tradeoffs

in agriculture, the environment and human health: Decision
support for policy and technology managers. In: Lee D.R. and C.B.
Barret (eds), Tradeoffs or synergies? Agricultural intensification,
economic development and the environment. CABI Publishing,
Wallingford, UK. p. 135-150.
Day-Rubenstein K. and K.O. Fuglie. 2000. The CRADA model
for public-private collaboration in agricultural research. In:
Fuglie K.O. and D.E. Schimmelpfennig (eds), Public-private
collaboration in agricultural research . Iowa State University
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Di Feo L., S.F. Nome, E. Biderbost, S. Fuentes and l.F. Salazar.
2000. Etiology of sweetpotato chlorotic dwarf disease in
Argentina. Plant Disease 84:35-39.
Erselius LJ., M.E. Vega-Sanchez and G.A. Forbes. 2000. Stability
in the population of Phytophthora infestans attacking tomato in
Ecuador is demonstrated by cellulose acetate assessment of
glucose-6-phosphate isomerase. Plant Disease 84:325-327.
Estrada R.D. and R. Quiroz. 2000. Technological and
institutional changes affecting mixed crop-livestock production
systems in the Andes. In: Tulachan P.M., M.A.M. Saleem, J. MakiHokkonen and T. Partap (eds), Contribution of livestock to
mountain livelihoods: Research and development issues.
ICIMOD-SLP-FAO-CIP (International Institute for Integrated
Mountain Development-Systemwide Livestock Program-Food
and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsInternational Potato Center), Kathmandu, Nepal. p. 83-93.
Fuentes S. and L.F. Salazar. 2000. La mosca blanca como .
transmisor de virus. In : Valencia L., La mosca blanca en la
agricultura Peruana, Lima, Peru. p. 55-72.

Graves C. (ed). 2000. La papa, tesoro de los Andes.

Internacional de la Papa, Lima, Peru. 210 p.

entro

Hijmans R.J., K.A. Garrett, z. Huaman, D.P. Zha , M.

Schreuder and M. Bonierbale. 2000. Assessing the geo aphic
representativeness of genebank collections: The case of B
wild potatoes. Conservation Biology 14:1755-1765.
Huaman Z., R. Hoekstra and J.B. Bamberg. 2000. The inte
bank potato database and the dimensions of available wild
tato
germplasm. American Journal of Potato Research 77:353- .62.
Huaman Z., R. Ortiz, D.P. Zhang and F. Rodriguez. 2000. ls
analysis of entire and core collections of Solanum tub
subsp. andigena potato cultivars. Crop Science 40:273Jensen C.R., S.-E. Jacobsen, M.N. Andersen, N.
iiez,
S.D. Andersen, L. Rasmussen and V.O. Mogensen. 200 ' . Leaf
gas exchange and water relations of field quinoa (Cheno dium
quinoa Willd.) during soil drying. European Journal of Agr nomy
13:11-25.
Jorge V., M. Fregene, M.C. Duque, M. Bonierbale, J. ohme
and V. Verdier. 2000. Genetic mapping of resistance to b cterial
blight disease in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). The .retical
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(International Institute for Integrated Mountain Develo
Systemwide Livestock Program-Food and Agri
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Center), Kathmandu, Nepal. p. 183-202.

Lizarraga C., M. Querci, M. Santa Cruz, I. Bartolini and

L.F. Salazar. 2000. Other natural hosts of potato virus T. Plant
Disease 84:736-738.
Mihovilovich E., H. Mendoza and L.F. Salazar. 2000. Combining
ability for resistance to sweetpotato feathery mottle virus.
HortScience 35:1319-1320.
Mujica E. and J.C. Alurralde. 2000. La gesti6n integral def agua
en Cochabamba. Sfntesis de un faro electr6nico. Comisi6n para
la Gesti6n Integral del Agua en Cochabamba y Consorcio para el
Desarrollo Sostenible de la Ecorregi6n Andina, Cochabamba,
Bolivia. 254 p.
Ordonez M.E., H.R. Hohl, A. Velasco, M.P. Ramon,
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Erselius. 2000. A novel A2 population of Phytophthora, similar
to P. infestans, attacks wild Solanum species in Ecuador.
Phytopatho/ogy 90:197- 200.

Salazar L.F., G. Muller, M. Querci, J.L. Zapata and

R.A. Owens. 2000. Potato yellow vein virus: Its host range,
distribution in South America and identification as a crin ivirus
transmitted by Trialeurodes vaporariorum . Annals of Applied
Biology 137:7-19.
Salazar L.F., I. Bartolini and V. Flores. 2000. Evidence for the
existence of PVYNTN in the Andes and a hypothesis towards its
origin. Fitopatologfa 35:87-90.
Scott G., M. Rosegrant and C. Ringler. 2000. Global projections for
root and tuber crops to the year 2020. Food Policy 25:561-597.
Scott GJ., R. Best, M. Rosegrant and M. Bokanga. 2000. Roots
and tubers in the global food system: A vision statement to the
year 2020. CIP-CIAT -IFPRl-llTA-IPGRI (International Potato
Center-Centro Internacional de Agricultura TropicalInternational Food Policy Research Institute-International
Institute of Topical Agriculture-International Plant Genetic
Resources Institute). Printed at CIP, Lima, Peru. 111 p.

Ortiz 0 . 2000. Los agroqufmicos no son la !'.mica opci6n para

luchar contra las plagas. In El Media ambiente en el Peru: Ario
2000. Institute Cuanto-USAID (United States Agency for
International Development). p. 83-94.

Sherwood S.G. and N.T. Uphoff. 2000. Soil health: Research,

practice and policy for a more regenerative agriculture. Applied
Soil Ecology 15:85-97.

Prain G., J. Schneider and C. Widyastuti. 2000. Farmers'

maintenance of sweetpotato diversity in lrian Jaya. In :
Almekinders C. and W. de Boef (eds), Encouraging diversity: The
conservation and development of plant genetic resources .
Intermediate Technology Publications, London, UK. p. 54-59.

Sherwood S. and J. Chenier. 2000. ANAFAE and COLABORA:

Lessons from experiences with collaborative networks for
sustainable agriculture and natural resource management. In:
NGO-research partnerships (RESPARJ . International Institute for
Rural Reconstruction, Cavite, Philippines. 33 p.

Prain G. and J. Hagman. 2000. Synthesis: Farmers' management

of diversity in local systems. In: Almekinders C. and W. de Boef
(eds), Encouraging diversity: The conservation and development
of plant genetic resources . Intermediate Technology
Publications, London, UK. p. 94-100.

Trognitz B.R., S. Carrion and M. Hermann. 2000. Expression of

stylar incompatibility in the Andean clonal tuber crop oca (Oxalis
tuberosa Mol., Oxalidaceae). Sexual Plant Reproduction 13:105-111 .

Pray C.E. and K.O. Fuglie. 2000. The private sector and
international transfer of agricultural technology. In: Fuglie
K.O. and D.E. Schimmelpfennig (eds), Public-private
collaboration in agricultural research . Iowa State University
Press, Ames, IA, USA. p. 269- 299.
Quiroz R., C. Leon-Velarde and W. Bowen. 2000. FSR from a
modelling perspective: Experiences in Latin America. In :
Collinson M. (ed), A history of farming systems research . FAO
(Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations),
Rome, Italy, and CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK. p. 342354.
Rivera B., J. Posner and E. Mujica. 2000. Educaci6n de posgrado
y manejo de recursos naturales en la ecorregi6n andina.
Consorcio para el Desarrollo Sostenible de la Ecorregi6n Andina
y Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia. 192 p.
Roa A.C., P. Chavarriaga-Aguirre, M.C. Duque, M.M. Maya,
M.W. Bonierbale, C. Iglesias and J. Tohme. 2000. Cross-species
amplification of cassava (Manihot esculenta) (Euphorbiaceae)
microsatellites: Allelic polymorphism and degree of relationship.
American Journal of Botany 87:1647-1655.

Scheidegger U. and G. Prain. 2000. Support to diversity in

potato seed supply. In: Almekinders C. and W. de Beefs (eds),
Encouraging diversity: The conservation and development of
plant genetic resources. Intermediate Technology Publications,
London, UK. p. 232-236.
Vega-Sanchez M.E., L.J. Erselius, A.M. Rodriguez,
0. Bastidas, H.R. Hohl, P.S. Ojiambo, J. Mukalazi, T. Vermeulen,
W.E. Fry and G.A. Forbes. 2000. Host adaptation to potato and
tomato within the US-1 clonal lineage of Phytophthora infestans
in Uganda and Kenya. Plant Pathology 49:531-539.
Walker T. 2000. Reasonable expectations on the prospects for
documenting the impact of agricultural research on poverty in
ex-post case studies. Food Policy 25:515-530.
Zhang D.P., J. Cervantes, Z. Huaman, E. Carey and M. Ghislain.
2000. Assessing genetic diversity of sweet potato (lpomoea
batatas (L) Lam.) cultivars from tropical America using AFLP.
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 47:659-665.
Zhang D.P., G. Cipriani, I. Rety, A. Golmirzaie, N. Smit and
D. Michaud. 2000. Expression of protease inhibitors in
sweetpotato. In: Michaud D. (ed), Recombinant protease inhibitors
in plants. Landes Bioscience, Georgetown, TX, USA. p. 167- 178.

TRAINING HIGHLIGHTS

CIP's training program is designed to meet the needs of its

national research partners and clients worldwide. It focuses on
disseminating new technologies and enhancing institutional
research skills to improve .collaboration in Cl P's research agenda.
The program also targets farmers in developing countries.
During 2000, CIP provided individual and group training on a
wide range of subjects at its headquarters in Peru and at its
regional sites around the world. CIP is grateful to the many
research and development partners and collaborators (listed in
Table 1) who sponsored or supported these training activities.
More than 1160 people from 61 countries benefited from CIP's

training program - 934 participants in group training co rses,

and 234 individual trainees (see Tables 1 and 2).
CIP constantly monitors new developments in education I and
training practices and techniques, in order to provide th best
training to its clients. During 2000, with help from edu ation
specialists at Texas A&M University, USA, we embark d on
developing distance-learning methods and material , for
delivery on CD-ROM or the Internet.
CIP's Training Unit staff also assist with organizing and ru , ning
scientific and other meetings and network planning work ops.

Table 1. Principal group training events

50

IAI Meeting: Climate applications for agriculture (40)

SM-CRSP/IAl-ISP

Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Costa Rica, Ecuador,

Mexico, Netherlands, Panama, Peru, Uruguay USA,
Venezuela

Gene mapping, molecular markers and transgenics (31)

BMZ

Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, India,

Luxembourg, Mexico, Peru, South Africa, Spai
Uruguay

Use of geographical information systems (GIS) for land

use planning (8)

CON DESAN

Peru

Transgenic potatoes for the benefit of resource-poor

farmers in developing countries (37)

DFID

Argentina, Bolivia, China, Colombia, Cuba, In ia,

Kenya, Mexico, Nepal, Peru, South Africa, Uga da
Peru

Farmer field school methodologies (25)

In situ conservation, management and use of agrobiodiversity (34)

UNEP

Bolivia, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, USA

Integrated pest and disease management of potato crops

(three courses in different locations) (180)

PRONAMACHCS/INIA

Peru

National course on potato virology (6)

PNS-PRODISE

Bolivia

Marketing methods and industrialization of potato (16)

Bolivia, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, Guatemala

Mexico, Netherlands, Peru

Production of antisera for the detection of bacterial wilt (11)

Cuba

Potato and paprika virus diagnosis (27)

SENASA

Peru

Geographic information systems workshop (18)

IPGRI

Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, India, Keny , Peru,

Syria, Trinidad and Tobago

Follow-up to marketing development for arracacha (31)

CONDESAN/CllD/IDRC

Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela

Third International Andean root crops course (21)

SDC

Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, eru

Andean countries

Andean regional workshop about integrated

late blight management (15)
Modeling process for simulating crop growth (44)

FAPESP/EMBRAPA/CENA

Brazil, Ecuador

Commercialization and enterprise development for cassava and

sweetpotato planting materials production and distribution (27)

SARRNET

Angola, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Nami ia,

Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe

Sweetpotato and cassava postharvest (15)

SARRNET

Tanzania and SARRNET countries

Sweetpotato virus detection and production of virus-free

planting material (20)
Marketing and agro-enterprise development (in French) (22)

Egypt

PRAPACE/FOODNET/ICRAF/ Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Kenya,

ECABREN/AFRENA/EARRNET/ Madagascar, Mali, Rwanda, DR Congo, Ugan
ILRl/SARDl-UMCOR

Sweetpotato breeding methods (15)

KARI

Kenya

Detection of bacterial wilt with ELISA (6)

PRAPACE

Burundi, Ethiopia, Cameroon, Kenya, Uganda

Virus elimination and detection (9)

PRAPACE

Kenya, Rwanda, Uganda

Training of trainers for farmer field school projects (15)

IFAD

Ethiopia

Potato germplasm management and seed evaluation (25)

EARO

Ethiopia .

Socioeconomic research methodology (5)

IDRC/PRAPACE

Burundi, Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda

Regional workshop on dynamics and control of potato

tuber moth in countries of South and West Asia (15)

IFAD

Bangladesh

Detection of bacterial wilt in potatoes and its

applications to seed programs (17)

Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Philippines,.

Thailand, Vietnam

Integrated production and processing technologies

for sweetpotato (11)

CTCRl/ICAR

Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka

Seed potato production system in Nepal (20)

SDC

Nepal

Integrated crop management: Conceptualization and

implications for research and development (23)

UPWARD/SOC

China, Indonesia, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines,

Sri Lanka, Vietnam

Analyzing gender and interest groups in agricultural and

natural resources management research (30)

CIAT/FSP/PRGNUPWARD

Indonesia, Laos, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam

Potato seed system and virus detection (two courses) (33)

University of Science
and Technology of China

China

Late blight in East and Southeast Asia (47)

GILB

China

Integrated rootcrops needs assessment analysis and

project planning workshop (15)

Government of
Netherlands

Vietnam

Sweetpotato integrated pest management (IPM) evaluation

and planning workshop (20)

FAQ

Indonesia, Vietnam

CllD: Consejo de lnvestigaciones e lnformaci6n en Desarrollo, Guatemala. BMZ: Bundesministerium for wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung, Germany.
GILB: Global Initiative on Late Blight. CIP, Peru. UNEP: United Nations Environment Program, Kenya. Full names of all other sponsors can be found in the list of Donor
Contributions (page 41) or the list of Cl P's Partners (pages 52-53)

Table 2. Training scholars by country and category

CIP's

52

PARTNERS

AARI Aegean Agricultural Research Institute, Turkey AARI Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Pakistan AAS Academy of Agric ltural
Sciences, North Korea AB-DLO Institute for Agrobiology and Soil Fertility, Netherlands ADT Akukuranut Development Trust, Kenya A ENA
African Resource Network in Agro-Forestry, Uganda AFRICARE, Uganda AGERI Agriculture Genetic Engineering Research Institute,
Agricultural Research Council, South Africa Agricultural Research Institute, Tanzania AHi African Highlands Ecoregional Progra , East
Africa Ainshams University, Faculty of Agriculture, Egypt AIT Asian Institute ofTechnology, Thailand AKF Aga Khan Foundation, Switz rland
Angola Seeds of Freedom Project, Angola APPRI Agricultural Plant Protection Research Institute, Egypt Arapai College, Uganda A
IWA
Association for Andean Technical-Cultural Promotion, Peru ARC Agriculture Research Centre, Egypt ARC Agricultural Research Council,
Africa ARCS Austrian Research Centers Seibersdorf, Austria AREA Agricultural Research and Extension Authority, Yemen ARI Agric ltural
Research Institute, Pakistan ASAR Asociaci6n de Servicios Artesanales y Rurales, Bolivia ASARECA Association for Strengthening Agric ltural
Research in Eastern and Central Africa, Uganda AVRDC Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center, Taiwan Awasa Research C ntre,
Ethiopia BAR Bureau of Agricultural Research, Department of Agriculture, Philippines BARI Bangladesh Agricultural Research In itute,
Bangladesh BBA Federal Biological Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute for Biological Control, Germany Benguet State
University, Philippines BIOGEN Biodiversidad y Genetica, Peru BRC Biotechnology Research Center, Vietnam Bvumbwe Research S tion,
Malawi CAAS Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China CABI Bioscience, UK CAB International, Kenya CAF College for Agri lture
and Forestry, Vietnam CARDI Caribbean Agricultural Research and Development Institute, Trinidad CARE Cooperative for Assistance an Relief
Everywhere, USA CARE-Bangladesh CARE-Peru CBC Centro Bartolome de las Casas, Peru CECOACAM Central de Cooperativas Agra 1as de
Canete y Mala, Peru CEMOR Cemor Editores & Promotores, Peru CENA Civil Engineers Network Africa, South Africa Cendrawasih Univ rsity,
Indonesia Centro de lnvestigaci6n en Biotecnologia, Costa Rica Centros de Reproducci6n de Entomogenos y Entomopat6genos Cuba
CERGETYR Centro Regional de Recursos Geneticos de Tuberosas y Raices, Peru CGIAR Consultative Group on International Agric ltural
Research, USA Chiang Mai University, Thailand China Agricultural University, China CIAAB Centro de lnvestigaciones Agrfcolas AB rger,
Uruguay CIAO Center for Integrated Agricultural Development, China CIAT Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical, Colombia ' CICA
Centro de lnvestigaci6n en Cultivos Andinos, Peru CIED Centro de lnvestigaci6n, Educaci6n y Desarrollo, Peru CIRAD Centre de coop
internationale en recherche agronomique pour le developpement, France CIRNMA Centro de lnvestigaci6n de Recursos Naturales y
Ambiente, Peru CLADES Consorcio Latinoamericano de Agroecologfa y Desarrollo, Peru Clemson University, USA CLSU Central Luzo
University, Philippines CNCQS Chinese National Centre for Quality Supervision and Test of Feed, China CNPH Centro Nacional de Pesq
Hortali<;as, Brazil CONDESAN Consortium for the Sustainable Development of the Andean Ecoregion, Peru Consorcio Surandino, eru
COPASA Cooperacion Peruano Aleman de Seguridad Alimentaria, Peru Cornell University, USA CORPOICA Corporaci6n de! In tituto
Colombiano Agropecuario, Colombia CPPI Chongqing Plant Protection ln ~titute, China CPRA Centre de perfectionnement et de re clage
agricole de Sa"lda, Tunisia CPRI Central Potato Research Institute, India CPRO-DLO Centre for Plant Breeding and Reproduction Re arch,
Netherlands CRIFC Central Research Institute for Food Crops, Indonesia CRIH Central Research Institute for Horticulture, Indonesia C P-CU
Centre de recherche public - Gabriel Lippmann, Luxembourg CRS Catholic Relief Services, Kenya, Uganda, Sudan CTCRI Central Tube Crops
Research Institute, India DECRG, Development Economics Research Group, World Bank, USA Department of Agriculture, Philip ines
Department of Agriculture, Phichit Horticultural Research Center, Thailand Direcci6n Nacional de Sanidad Vegetal, Cuba Dire
of Root Crop Production, Ministry of Agriculture, Indonesia DRCFC Dalat Research Center for Food Crops, Vietnam OROS Depart
Research and Development Services, Bhutan EARO Ethiopian Agricultural Research Organization (formerly !AR), Ethiopia EARRNET
Africa Rootcrops Research Network, Uganda ECABREN Eastern and Central Africa Bean Research Network, Uganda EMBRAPA E
Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria, Brazil Empresas de Cultivos Varios del Ministerio de Agricultura, Cuba ENEA Comitato Nazion
la Ricerca e per lo Sviluppo dell'Energia Nucleare e delle Energie Alternative, Italy Erbacher Foundation, Germany ESH Ecole sup rieure
d'horticulture, Tunisia ETH Eidgenoessische Technische Hochschule, Switzerland FAO Community !PM Program, Vietnam and lndonesi FAQ
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Italy FAPESP Funda<;ao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo, razil
FONAIAP Fonda Nacional de lnvestigaciones Agropecuarias, Ve.nezuela Food Crop Research Institute, Vietnam FOODNET (AS RECA
network implemented by llTA) FORTIPAPA Fortalecimiento de la lnvestigaci6n y Producci6n de Se-1)1illa de Papa, Ecuador FSP .Fora es for
Smallt)plders Project, CIAT, Colombia FUNDAGRO Fundaci6n para el Qesarrollo Agropecuario, Ecuador GAAS Guangdo.ng .Acad my of
Agricultural Sciences, China GLKS Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Germany HAU Hanoi Agriculture University, V tnam
Hong Doc University, Vietnam Hong Kong University, China HORDI, Horticultural Research and Development Institute, Sri Lank HRI
Horticulture Research Institute, Egypt HUAF Hue University for Agriculture and Forestry, Vietnam Hung Loe Agriculture Research 1enter,
Vietnam IAC International Agricultural Centre, Netherlands IAF Inter-American Foundation, USA IAl-ISP Inter-American Institute for lobal
Change Research, Initial Science Program, Brazil IAN lnstituto Agron6mico Nacional, Paraguay IAO lstituto Agronomico per l'Oltrema , Italy
IASA lnstituto Agropecuario Superior Andino, Ecuador IAV lnstitut Agronomique et Yeterinaire Hassan II, Morocco IBC Institute for Br eding
of Crop Plants, Federal Center for Breeding Research on Cultivated Plants (Bundesanstalt for Zi.ichtungsforschung an Kulturpflanzen), G many
ICAR Indian Council of Agricultural Research, India ICASA International Consortium for Agricultural Systems Applications, USA I IMOD
International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, Nepal ICIPE International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology, Kenya CRAF
International Centre for Research in Agroforestry, Kenya ICRISAT International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, India . ICRW
International Center for Research on Women, USA IDEA lnstituto Internacional de Estud ios Avanzados, Venezuela IDIAP lnstit to de
lnvestigaci6n Agropecuaria de Panama, Panama IEBR Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam IESR/INTA Institute de Ee omfa
y Sociologfa Rural del INTA, Argentina IFPRI Internationa l Food Policy Research Institute, USA IHAR Polish Plant Breeding and Acclima zation
Institute, Poland llN Institute de lnvestigaci6n Nutricional, Peru llTA International Institute ofTropical Agritulture, Nigeria ILRI Intern tional
Livestock Research Institute, Ethiopia and Kenya IMA Institute de Manejo de Agua y Medio Ambiente, Peru INERA, lnstitut nationale d' tudes
et de recherches agricoles, D.R. Congo INIA lnstituto Nacional de lnvestigacao Agron6mica, Mozambique INIA Institute Naci al de
lnvestigaci6n Agraria, Peru INIA lnstituto Nacional de lnvestigaciones Agropecuarias, Chile INIA Institute Nacional de lnvestig iones
Agropecuarias, Uruguay INIA lnstituto Nacional de lnvestigaciones y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria, Spain INIAP Institute Naci nal de
lnvestigaciones Agropecuarias, Ecuador INIFAP lnstituto Nacional de lnvestigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias, Mexico INIVIT I tituto
Naciona l de lnvestigaci6n de Viandas Tropicales, Cuba INRA lnstitut national de la recherche agronomique, France INRA lnstitut nati nal de
la recherche agronomique, Morocco INRAT lnstitut national de la recherche agronomique de Tunisie, Tunisia lnstituto Rural Valle G 'ande,
Canete, Peru INTA lnstituto Nacional de Tecnologfa Agropecuaria, Argentina IPB Bogar Agriculture University, Indonesia IPGRI Intern tional
Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Italy IPR Institute for Potato Research, Poland IRA lnstitut de recherche agronomique, Cameroon IRAD
lnstitut de recherche agricole pour le developpement, Cameroon IRD lnstitut de recherche pour le developpement (formerly ORSTOM), ranee

 ISABU lnstitut des sciences agronomiques du Burundi, Burundi ISNAR International Service for National Agricultural Research, Netherlands
IWMI International Water Management Institute, Sri Lanka IZ lnstytut Ziemniaka, Poland JAAS Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,
China Jerusalen de Porcon Cooperative, Peru JKUAT Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya KARI Kenyan
Agricultural Research Institute, Kenya KEPHIS Kenya Plant Health Inspectorate Service, Kenya La Habana University, Chemistry Faculty, Cuba
Louisiana State University, USA MAE Ministere des affaires etrangeres, France Makerere University, Uganda MARDI Malaysia Agriculture
Research Development Institute, Malaysia MARS Mwara Agricultural Research Institute, Indonesia McMaster University, Canada Mianning
Agriculture Bureau, China Michigan State University, USA Ministry of Agriculture, Eritrea Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives,
Division of Research and Development, Tanzania Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Egypt MIP Programa de Manejo lntegrado
de Plagas, Dominican Republic Mississippi State University, USA Mitra Tani, Indonesia MMSU Mariano Marcos State University, Philippines
Montana State University, USA Mountain Forum, USA MPB Cologne, Germany MPIBR Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research,
Germany MSIRI Mauritius Sugar Industry Research Institute, Mauritius Municipalidad Distrital Banos del Inca, Cajamarca, Peru NI Vavilov
Institute, Russia NAARI Namulonge Agricultural and Animal Research Institute, Uganda Nagoya University, Japan Nanchong Agricultural
Research Institute, China NARC National Agricultural Research Centre, Pakistan NARC Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Nepal NARO
National Agricultural Research Organization, Uganda National Institute of Animal Husbandry, Vietnam Nijmegen University, Netherlands
NOMIARC Northern Mindanao Agricultural Research Center, . Philippines North Carolina State University, USA NPRCRTC Northern
Philippine Root Crops Research and Training Center, Philippines NPRP National Potato Research Program, Nepal NRI Natural Resources
Institute, UK NRSP-6 USDA Potato Production Introduction Station-Wisconsin, USA NUS National University of Singapore ODER Oficina de
Desarrollo Rural-Chalaco, Peru Ohio State University, USA Oregon State University, USA PCARRD Philippine Council for Agriculture and
Resources, Research and Development, Philippines PDP Potato Development Program, Nepal PGS Plant Genetic Systems, Belgium PIA
Programa de lnvestigaci6n Agropecuaria, Bolivia PICA Programa de lnvestigaci6n de Cultivos Andi nos, Peru PICTIPAPA Programa Internacional
de Cooperaci6n del Tiz6n Tardio de la Papa, Mexico Plan International, Kenya Plant Gene Expression Center, University of CaliforniaBerkeley, USA Plant Research International, Netherlands PNS-PRODISE Programa Nacional de Semillas del Proyecto de Desarrollo Integral
de Semillas, Peru Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador, Ecuador Potato Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food, Canada Potato
Seed Program, Canary Islands, Spain PPD Plant Protection Department, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Vietnam PPRI Plant
Pathology Research Institute, Egypt PRAPACE Programme regional de !'amelioration de la culture de la pomme de terre et de la patate douce
en Afrique centrale et de l'est PRCRTC, Philippine Root Crop Research and Training Center, Philippines PRECODEPA Programa Regional
Cooperativo de Papa, Mexico PROINPA Fundaci6n para la Promoci6n e lnvestigaci6n de Productos Andinos, Bolivia PROMETAS Promoci6n
y Mercadeo de Tuberculos Andinos, Universidad Mayor de San Sim6n, Bolivia PRONAMACHCS Proyecto Nacional de Manejo de Cuencas
Hidrograficas y Conservaci6n de Suelos, Peru Proyecto Papa Andina, Peru PRP Potato Research Programme, Nepal PSPDP Pakistan-Swiss
Potato Development Program, Pakistan RDA Rural Development Agency, Korea REFSO Rural Energy and Food Security Organization, Kenya
RIFAV Research Institute for Fruits and Vegetables, Vietnam RIFCB Research Institute for Food Crops Biotechnology, Indonesia RILET
Research Institute for Legumes, Root and Tuber Crops, Indonesia RIV Research Institute for Vegetables, (formerly LEHRI), Indonesia RNC-RC
Jakar, Bhutan Root Crop Research Center, Vietnam Agricultural Science Institute, Vietnam Rothamsted Experiment Station, UK RUAF
Resource Centre for Urban Agriculture and Forestry, Netherlands SAAS Shangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China SAAS Sichuan
Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China SARDl-UMCOR Sustainable Agricultural and Rural Development Initiative-United Methodist
Committee on Relief, DR Congo SARIF Sukamandi Research Institute for Food Crops, Indonesia SARRNET Southern Africa Root Crops Research
Network Sasakawa-Global 2000, Kenya SCRI Scottish Crop Research Institute, UK SEAG Servicio de Extensi6n Agrfcola y Ganadera, Paraguay
SEARCA Southeast Asian Regional Center for Graduate Studies and Research in Agriculture, Philippines SEMTA Servicios Multiples de
Tecnologfas Apropiadas, Bolivia SENASA Servicio Nacional de Sanidad Agraria, Peru SGRP System-wide Genetic Resources Program SGUA
Support Group on Urgan Agriculture, Canada SHDI Self-Help Development International, Ethiopia SINITTA Sistema Nacional de lnvestigaci6n
y Transferencia de Tecnologfa Agraria, Peru SM-CRSP Soil Management Collaborative Research Support Program, USA SOCADIDO Soroti
Catholic Diocese Development Organization, Uganda Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania South China Agricultural University,
China SPG Sociedad Peruana de Genetica, Peru SPI Smart Plant International, USA SPPC Centro de lnvestigaci6n de Semilla de Papa, Yemen
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden TALPUY Grupo de lnvestigaci6n y Desarrollo de Ciencias y Tecnologfa Andina, Peru
TARI Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute TCA Tarlac College of Agriculture, Philippines TCRC Tuber Crops Research Center, Bangladesh
TFNC Tanzania Food and Nutrition Centre, Tanzania Thang Binh District Agriculture and Rural Development Bureau, Vietnam The
Sainsbury Laboratory, UK Uganda National Potato Seed Producers Association, Uganda Ugunja Community Resource Centre, Kenya
UNDP United Nations Development Programme, USA Universidad Austral, Chile Universidad Catolica de Santa Maria, Peru Universidad
Central, Ecuador Universidad Central de las Villas, Cuba Universidad de Ambato, Ecuador Universidad Federal Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Universidad Jorge Basadre Grohmann de Tacna, Peru Universidad Mayor de San Simon, Bolivia Universidad Nacional Agraria, Peru
Universidad Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrion, Peru Universidad Nacional deCajamarca, Peru Universidad Nacional del Centro del Peru,
Peru Universidad Nacional Hermilio Valdizan, Peru Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Peru Universidad Nacional San
Antonio Abad de Cusco, Peru Universidad Nacional San Cristobal de Huamanga de Ayacucho, Peru Universidad Peruana Cayetano
Heredia, Peru Universidad Politecnica del Ejercito, Ecuador Universidad Ricardo Palma, Peru Universidad San Luis Gonzaga de lea, Peru
Universidad Tecnologica Equinocial, Ecuador University of Asmara, Eritrea University of Bangor, UK University of Birmingham, UK
University of British Colombia, Canada University of California (Davis), USA University of Edinburgh, UK University of Georgia, USA
University of Gottingen, Germany University of Hohenheim, Germany University of Kassel, Germany University of Kiel, Germany
University of Minnesota, USA University of Missouri, USA University of Nairobi, Kenya University of Naples, Italy University of New
Bninswick, Canada University of Queensland, Australia University of the Philippines-Los Banos, Philippines University of Tiibingen,
Germany University of Wisconsin, USA UPM University Putra Malaysia UPWARD Users' Perspectives with Agricultural Research and
Development, Philippines USDA United States Department of Agriculture, USA USVL United States Vegetable Laboratory, USA VASI Vietnam
Agriculture Science Institute, Vietnam Virus-free Potato Tubers and Cutting Production Centers of Yunnan Agricultural Department,
China VISCA Visayas College of Agriculture, Philippines Volcani Institute, Israel VSSP Vegetable Seed and Seed Potato, Pakistan
Wageningen University, Netherlands WE World Education (and local partner NGOs) World Vision, USA, Angola, Kenya Rwanda XSPRC
Xuzhou Sweet Potato Research Center, China YPPP Yemeni Plant Protection Project YPPSE Foundation for Socio-Economic Development,
Indonesia Yunnan Agricultural University, China

C~P STAFF

CIP employs more than 500 people worldwide. Every single one
of these people makes a valuable contribution to CIP's mission
to reduce poverty and improve the food security of people in
developing countries. Unfortunately we do not have space in
th is Annual Report to list all c:if these people, but we nonetheless greatly appreciated all their efforts.

CIP is a center of excellence, and its professional, sci tific,

administrative and other staff are all highly and suitably qu lified,
in terms not only of academic qualification's but al' o of
experience and other skills and abilities. For this reason e do
not identify individual qualifications in the following list.

Director General-Hubert Zandstra

Silvia Cordova, Bilingual Secretary

Hugo Davis, Vehicle Maintenance Officer
Ximena Ganoza, Purchasing Supervisor
Atilio Guerrero, Vehicle Programmer
Jorge Locatelli, Security Supervisor
Jorge Luque, Warehouse Supervisor
Micheline Moncloa, Front Desk Supervisor'
Antonio Morillo, Maintenance Supervisor
Jose Pizarro, Purchasing Supervisor
Carmela Salazar, Bilingual Secretary
Djordje Velickovich, Pilot2
Percy Zuzunaga, Pilot'
Travel Office
Ana Marfa Secada, Travel Office Supervisor

Deputy Director General for Finance/Administration

-Hector Hugo Li Pun'

Deputy Director General for Finance/Administration

-Jose Valle-Riestra 2
Deputy Director General for Research-Wanda Collins
Director for International Cooperation-Roger Cortbaoui

54

DIRECTOR GENERAL'S OFFICE

Christine Graves, Senior Advisor
Mariella Altet, External Relations Manager
Ruth Arce, Administrative Assistant
Marcela Checa, Administrative Assistant
Marfa Elena Lanatta, Bilingual Secretary
Lilia Salinas, Administrative Assistant
Gladys Neyra, Administrative Assistant
Haydee Zelaya, Administrative Assistant

OFFICE OF THE EXECUTIVE OFFICER

Jose Luis Rueda, Executive Officer2
Gloria Solfs, Administrative Assistant
Veronica de Armero, Guest House Supervisor'
Human Resources
Lucas Reano, Human Resources Manager
Janneth Carballido, Compensation and Benefits Assistant
Monica Ferreyros, Auxiliary Services Supervisor
David Halfin, Doctor2
Sor Lapouble, Auxiliary Services Assistant
Estanislao Perez, Compensation and Benefits Assistant
Martha Pierola, Social Worker, Supervisor
Lucero Schmidt, Nurse
Marfa Amelia Tavara, Bilingual Secretary
Yoner Varas, Compensation and Benefits Assistant
Logistics and General Services
Aldo Tang, Logistics and General Services Manager
Pilar Bernui, Bilingual Secretary

* Project leader
1 Joined CIP in 2000
2 Left CIP in 2000
3 Funded by special project
4 Jo int appointm ent

OFFICE OF THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

Carlos Nino-Neira, Chief Financial Officer
Amalia Lanatta, Administrative Assistant
Accounting Unit
Miguel Saavedra, General Accountant
Eliana Bardalez, Senior Accountant
Edgardo de los Rfos, Senior Accountant
Denise Giacoma, Supervisor
Rodmel Guzman, Accountant Assistant
Ursula Jimenez, Accountant Assistant'
Blanca Joo, Accountant
Silvia Loayza, Bilingual Secretary
Eduardo Peralta, Accountant
Saskia Sanchez Ferrer, Bilingual Secretary'
Cesar Tapia, Accountant Assistant
Budget Unit
Alberto Monteblanco, Senior Accountant
Veronica Angulo, Budget Assistant'"
Treasury Unit
Milagros Patino, Treasurer
Sonnia Solari, Chief Cashier

CROP IMPROVEMENT AND GENETIC RESOURCES DEPART

Merideth Bonierbale, Senior Potato Breeder, Head*
Walter Amoros, Agronomist, Research Associate
Carlos Arbizu, Andean Crops Specialist
Enrique Chujoy, Geneticist*
Ramzy El-Bedewy, Plant Breeder ((IP-Nairobi)
Nelly Espinola, Nutritionist, Research Associate
Marc Ghislain, Molecular Biologist
Michael Hermann, Andean Crops Specialist*
Miguel Holle, Andean Crops Coordinator*
Zosimo Huaman, Germplasm Curator"*

NT

Sven Jacobsen, Plant Breeder

Juan Landeo, Plant Breeder
Carlos Ochoa, Taxonomist, Scientist Emeritus
Noel Pallais, Physiologist, Head of Seed Unit'
William Roca, Plant Cell Physiologist'*
Alberto Salas, Agronomist, Research Associate
Asep Setiawan, Sweetpotato Breeder' (CIP-Bogor)
Peter Schmiediche, Plant Breeder, ECA Coordinator' (CIP-Berlin)
Marfa Scurrah, Adjunct Scientist'
K C Thakur, Potato Breeder (CIP-Delhi)
Bodo Trognitz, Geneticist'
Mahesh Upadhya, Plant Breeder, Principal Scientist*
(from 1 July 2000, Visiting Principal Scientist ad honorum)
K Y Xie, Potato Expert, IFAD Project Coordinator' (CIP-Beijing)
Da Peng Zhang, Plant Breeder, Bioinformatics Unit Head*
Ciro Barrera, Plant Pathologist, Research Assistant
Carolina Bastos, Research Assistant'
Jorge Benavides, Biologist, Research Assistant
Rolando Cabello, Agronomist, Research Assistant
Giselle Cipriani, Biologist, Research Assistant
Aurora Cornejo, Bilingual Secretary'
Lorena Danessi, Bilingual Secretary
Silvia de la Flor, Bilingual Secretary
Felipe de Mendiburu, Statistician, Research Assistant
Luis Diaz, Agronomist, Research Assistant
Jorge Espinoza, Agronomist, Research Assistant
Rosario Falcon, Biologist, Research Assistant
Manuel Gastelo, Agronomist, Research Assistant
Rene Gomez, Agronomist, Research Assistant
Enrique Grande, Technician
Marfa Luisa Guevara, Biologist, Research Assistant
Angela Hayano, Research Assistant'
Carmen Herrera, Biologist, Research Assistant
Marfa del Rosario Herrera, Biologist, Research Assistant
Oscar Hurtado, Research Assistant'
Elijah lgunza, Purchasing (CIP-Nairobi)
Fedora ltabashi, Systems Analyst, Research Assistant
Philip Kiduyu, Technician, Plant Quarantine Station (CIP-Nairobi)
Maman Kusmana, Potato Breeder, Research Assistant'
(CIP-Bogor)
Maritza Luque, Bilingual Secretary'
Mariana Martin, Bilingual Secretary
Ivan Manrique, Research Assistant'
Thomas Mcharo, Sweetpotato Breeder, Research Assistant'
(CIP-Nairobi)
Elisa Mihovilovich, Biologist, Research Assistant
Marfa Cecilia Miki, Research Assistant'
Sam Namanda, Potato Breeder/Pathologist, Research Assistant'
(CIP-Kampala)
George Ngundo, Chief Technician, Plant Quarantine Station
(CIP-Nairobi)
Luis Nopo, Biologist, Research Assistant
Matilde Orrillo, Biologist, Research Assistant
Ana Luz Panta, Biologist, Research Assistant
Leticia Portal, Biologist, Research Assistant
Daniel Reynoso, Agronomist, Research Assistant
Flor de Marfa Rodriguez, Research Assistant
Genoveva Rossel, Research Assistant'
Rosa Salazar, Bilingual Secretary
Reinhard Simon, Visiting Scientist (University of Jena, Germany)

lstanti Surviani, Secretary/Accountant' (CIP-Bogor)

Tjintokohadi, Research Assistant (CIP-Bogor)
Judith Toledo, Biologist, Research Assistant
Andres Valladolid, Plant Breeder, Research Assistant
Fanny Vargas, Agronomist, Research Assistant

CROP PROTECTION DEPARTMENT

Luis Salazar, Virologist, Principal Scientist, Head*

Jesus Alcazar, Agronomist, Research Associate
Teresa Ames, Scientist Emeritus'
Fausto Cisneros, Entomologist'
Solveig Danielsen, Associate Expert (The Royal Veterinary and
Agricultural University, Denmark) 4
Gregory Forbes, Plant Pathologist (CIP-Quito)
Edward French, Scientist Emeritus
Segundo Fuentes, Plant Pathologist, Research Associate
Guillemette Garry, Phytopathologist, Associate Expert'
Upali Jayasinghe, Virologist* (CIP-Bogor)
Stefan Keller, Agronomist, Associate Scientist'
Aziz Lagnaoui, Entomologist*
Berga Lemaga, Agronomist, PRAPACE Coordinator'
((IP-Kampala)
Charlotte Lizarraga, Plant Pathologist, Assistant Coordinator,
Global Initiative on Late Blight
Rebecca Nelson, Molecular Pathologist*
Modesto Olanya, Pathologisf (CIP-Nairobi)
Marfa Palacios, Biologist, Research Associate
Sylvie Priou, Bacteriologist*
Maddalena Querci, Molecular Virologist'
Marc Sporleder, Agronomist, Associate Scientist
Hebert Torres, Plant Pathologist, Research Associate'
Lod J Turkensteen, Adjunct Scientist (based in Netherlands)
Elske van de Fliert, IPM Specialist* (CIP-Bogor)
Yi Wang, Plant Physiologist, Liaison Scientist (CIP-Beijing)
Ednar Wulff, Molecular Plant Pathologist'
Pedro Aley, Plant Pathologist, Research Assistant
Ida Bartolini, Biochemist, Research Assistant
Monica Blanco, Bilingual Secretary
Veronica Canedo, Biologist, Research Assistant
Maria Gabriela Chacon, Pathologist, Research Assistant
(CIP-Quito)
Carlos Chuquillanqui, Agronomist, Research Assistant
Carmen Dyer, Administrative Assistant
Judith Echegaray, Research Assistant''
Violeta Flores, Biologist, Research Assistant
Soledad Gamboa, Biologist, Research Assistant
Erwin Guevara, Agronomist, Research Assistant'
Liliam Gutarra, Agronomist, Research Assistant
Ana Hurtado, Biologist, Research Assistant'
Francisco Jarrfn, Pathologist, Research Assistant (CIP-Quito)
Joseph Mudiope, Entomologist, Research Assistant
(DFID-CRF Project, Soroti) 3 (CIP-Kampala)
Norma Mujica, Agronomist, Research Assistant
Giovanna Muller, Biologist, Research Assistant
Vincent Ogiro, Research Assistant (CIP-Kampala)
Peter Ojiambo, Pathologist/Potato Breeder, Research Assistant
(CIP-Nairobi)
Ricardo Orrego, Agronomist, Research Assistant

SS

Wilmer Perez, Plant Pathologist, Research Assistant

Karina Petrovich, Bilingual Secretary
Paola Ramon, Pathologist, Research Assistant (CIP-Quito)
Rusmad i, Research Assistant2 (CIP-Bogor)
Magnolia Santa Cruz, Biologist, Research Assistant
Mirtha Soldevilla, Secretary2
Ana Maria Taboada, Biologist, Research Assistant
Jorge Tenorio, Biologist, Research Assistant
_Miguel Vega, Pathologist, Research Assistant' (CIP-Quito)
Alcira Vera, Biologist, Research Assistant
Warsito Tantowijoyo, Entomologist, Research Assistant
(CIP-Bogor)
Julia Zamudio, Bilingual Secretary
Octavio Zegarra, Biologist, Research Assistant

PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND NATURAL RESOURCE

MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT

Roberto Quiroz, Land Use Systems Specialist, Head*

Walter Bowen, Soil Scientist (IFDC) 4 (CIP-Quito)
Andre Devaux, Agronomist, Coordinator, Andean Potato
Project (Papa Andina, Peru)
Fernando !:zeta, Agronomist, CIP-LAC Regional Representative
Alberto Gonzales, Phytopathologi st , Research Associate
Vital Hagenimana, Food Scientist (NRl) 4 (CIP-Nairobi)
Dominique Herve, Visiting Scientist (IRD, formerly ORSTOM)4
Oscar Hidalgo, Project Leader (CIP/ SDC Project, Islamabad)'
Robert Hijmans, Geographic Information Scientist
Sarath llangantileke, Postharvest Specialist, CIP-SWA Regional
Representat ive (CIP-Delhi)
M S Kadian, Agronomist (CIP-Delhi)
Berhane Kiflewahid, ASARECNCIP, Coordinator, Technology
Transfer Project 3 ((IP-Nairobi)
Carlos Leon-Velarde, Animal Production Systems Specialist
(ILRl) 4
Elias Mujica, Anthropologist, Adjunct Scientist, CONDESAN 3
P K Mukherjee, Sweetpotato Scientist' (CIP-Delhi)
Christopher Oates, Food Scientist 2 (based in Thailand)
Deepak Ojha, Seed Specialist (CIP/ SDC Project, Kathmandu)2.3
Joshua Posner, Agronomist, Coordinator, CONDESAN 3
Mario Tapia, Agro-ecologist, CONDESAN 23
Marfa de los Angeles Laura, Bilingual Secretary, CONDESAN
Sushma Arya, Accountant/Program Coordinator (CIP-Delhi)
Guillermo Baigorria, Climatologist, Research Assistant
Lilian Basantes, Training Specialist, Research Assistant
(CIP-Quito)
Jimena Bazoalto, Research Assistant
Ghanashyam Bhandari, Accountant (CIP/ SDC Project,
Kathmandu)'
Edda Echeandfa, Research Assistant, CONDESAN 1
Raul Jaramillo, Soil Scientist, Research Assistant' (CIP-Quito)
Josf Jimenez, Computer Systems Specialist' (CIP-Quito)
Atif Manzoor, Accountant (CIP/ SDC Project, Islamabad)'
Rosario Marcovich, Bilingual Secretary
Isabel Mel, Bilingual Secretary
L Mony, Secretary (CIP-Delhi)
Fabian Munoz, Statistician/ Computer Systems Specialist'
(CIP-Quito)
Mariana Perez, Medical Research Specialist' (CIP-Quito)

Ana Marfa Ponce, lnfoAndina, CONDESAN 3

Zareen Siddiqi, Secretary (CIP/ SDC Project, Islamabad)'
Fannia Virginia Suri, Seed Technologist, Research Assista t 1
(CIP-Bogor)
Ivonne Valdizan, Bilingual Secretary
Percy Zorogastua, Research Assistant

SOCIAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT

Thomas Walker, Economist, Principal Scientist, Head*

Jane Alumira, Sociologist, Regional Research Fellow, Afri an
Highlands Initiative'' ((IP-Nairobi)
Thomas Bernet, Economist, Swiss Associate Expert''
Dindo Campilan, Sociologist, UPWARD Coordinator
(CIP-Los Banos)
Charles Crissman, Economist, Liaison Scientist (CIP-Quito
Ruben Dario Estrada, Natural Resources Economist (SDC
Mountain Agriculture) (based at CIAD
Peter Ewell, Economist, CIP-SSA Regional Representativ
(CIP-Nairobi)
Keith Fuglie, Agricultural Economist, CIP-ESEAP Regional
Representative (CIP-Bogor)
Oscar Ortiz, Special Project Coordinator
Dai Peters, Postharvest Specialist (CIP-Hanoi)
Gordon Prain, Social Anthropologist, SIUPA Cobrdinato
Sonia Salas, Food Technologist, Research Associate
Gregory Scott, Economist'*
Steve Sherwood, Training Specialist (CIP-Quito)
Graham Thiele, Technology Transfer Specialist, Andean P tato
Project (Papa Andina, Bolivia)'
David Yanggen, Agricultural Economist, Associate Scient st
(Montana State University)'" (CIP-Quito)
Raul Alvarez, Economist, Research Assistant
Cherry Leah Bagalanon, Human Ecologist, UPWARD Prog m
Associate (CIP-Los Banos)
Carlos Basilio, Soil Scientist, UPWARD Research Fellow
(CIP-Los Banos)
Raul Boncodin, Botanist, UPWARD Program Associate,
(CIP-Los Banos)
Silvia Cruzatt, Research Assistant'
Patricio Espinoza, Agricultural Economist, Research Asso iate
(CIP-Quito)
Cristina Fonseca, Agronomist, Resea rch Assistant
Virginia Kirumba, Administrative Secretary' (CIP-Nairobi)
Sukendra Mahalaya, Communications Specialist, Researc
Assistant (CIP-Bogor)
Luis Maldonado, Economist, Research Assistant
Eliana Mogni, Bilingual Secretary'
Ana Luisa Munoz, Bilingual Secretary
Rosemary Muttungi, Secretary (CIP-Nairobi)
Alice Njoroge, Secretary (CIP-Na irobi)
Simon Obaga, Accounts Clerk (CIP-Nairobi)
Joanne Sears, CICRTCR Assistant'
Victor Suarez, Statistician, Assistant
Rachman Suherman, Agricultural Economist, Research
Assistant' (CIP-Bogor)
Zandra Vasquez, Bilingual Secretary
Frederika Vogel, ,l\gricultural Economist, UPWARD Dute
Associate Expert' (CIP-Los Banos)

Caecilia Afra Widyastuti, Rural Sociologist, Research Assistant

(CIP-Bogor)
Y J Yang, Administrative Assistant' (CIP-Beijing)
P Zhou, Secretary/Accountant (CIP-Beijing)

TRAINING AND COMMUNICATIONS DEPARTMENT

Patricio Malagamba, Head

Mercedes Suito, Bilingual Secretary
Publications Unit
John Stares, Managing Editor, Head'
Abigail Hollister, Writer/Editor
Candelaria Atalaya, Photographer
Mariella Corvetto, Communication Services Coordinator
Ruth Delgado, Exhibits/Display Assistant
Nini Fernandez-Concha, Graphic Designer, Assistant
Milton Hidalgo, Graphic Designer, Assistant
Cecilia Lafosse, Chief Designer
Godofredo Lagos, Print Chief
Victor Madrid, Graphic Designer, Assistant'
Anselmo Morales, Graphic Designer, Assistant
Zoraida Portillo, Spanish Writer/Editor
Alfredo Puccini, Graphic Designer, Assistant
Siny Sam, Program Associate (Publications and Documentation)'
(CIP-Delhi)
Training Unit
Martha Huanes, Training Coordinator
Margarita Lopez, Training Assistant
Marfa Ines Rios, Training Program Liaison'
Library and Bookshop
Cecilia Ferreyra, Head Librarian
Rosa Ghilardi, Bilingual Secretary
Griselda Lay, Librarian, Assistant
Felix Munoz, Distribution Assistant
Glenda Negrete, Librarian, Assistant

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY UNIT

Anthony Collins, Head

Liliana Bravo, Server Administrator
Andrea Caceres, Systems Development Support
Oscar Carmelo, Helpdesk Administrator'
Moises Fernandez, Systems Analyst, Database Administrator
Pfa Marfa Oliden, Database Administrator'
Erika Orozco, Server Administrator
Giancarlo Rodriguez, Systems Support
Eric Romero, Systems Administrator'
Edgardo Torres, Systems Development Administrator
Christian Valdivia, Server Administrator'
Alberto Velez, Systems and Network Administrator
Roberto del Villar, Maintenance Administrator'

FIELD RESEARCH SUPPORT

Victor Otazu, Head

Cesar Aguilar, Agronomist, Field/Greenhouse Supervisor,
Research Assistant (San Ramon)
Magaly Aspiazu, Administrative Assistant (Santa Catalina)
(CIP-Quito)
Susana Barriga, Accountant (Santa Catalina) (CIP-Quito)
Roberto Duarte, Agronomist, Field/Greenhouse Supervisor
(La Molina)
Hugo Goyas, Agronomist, Field/Greenhouse Supervisor
(Huancayo)
Carmen Lara, Secretary
Ricardo Rodriguez, Agronomist, Field/Greenhouse Supervisor
(Santa Catalina) (CIP-Quito)

I s1

GLOBAL CONTACT POINTS

For more details, contact the International Cooperation Office in Lima (cip-intcoop@cgiar.org]

CIP HEADQUARTERS
International Potato Center (CIP)
Avenida La Universidad 795, La Molina
Apartado 1558
Lima 12, Peru
Tel: +51 1 349 6017
Fax: +51 1 317 5326
email: cip@cgiar.org
Website: www.cipotato.org

Liaison Office Ecuador

International Potato Center
Estacion Experimental Santa Catalina
Km 17.5 Panamericana Sur
Sector Cutuglagua Canton Mejia
Apartado 17-21-1977
Quito, Ecuador
Tel: +593 2 690 362/690 363/694 923
Fax: +593 2 692 604
email: cip-quito@cgiar.org
Contact: Gregory Forbes, Liaison Scientist

Networks
CONDESAN (Consortium for the Sustainable Development
of the Andean Ecoregion)
(same address, telephone and fax as CIP headquarters)
email: condesan@cgiar.org
Website: www.condesan.org
Contact: Joshua Posner, Coordinator
GILB (Global Initiative .on Late Blight)
(same address, telephone and fax as CIP headquarters)
email: gilb@cgiar.org
Website: www.cipotato.org/gilb
Contact: Wanda Collins, GILB Coordinator

ss

GMP (Global Mountain Program)

(same address, telephone a,nd fax as CIP headquarters)
email: r.quiroz@cgiar.org
Contact: Roberto Quiroz, Program Coordinator

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN (LAC}

Regional Office Peru
(same address, telephone and fax as CIP headquarters)
Direct tel : +51 1 317 5315
email: cip-lac-office@cgiar.org
Contact: Fernando Ezeta, LAC Regional Representative
Andean Potato Project (Papa Andina) Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador
(same address, telephone and fax as CIP headquarters)
email: a.devaux@cgiar.org
Contact: Andre Devaux, Project Coordinator
Bolivia
c/o Fundaci6n PROINPA
Avenida Blanco Galindo Km 12.5
Calle C. Prado sin (Quillacollo)
PO Box 4285
Cochabamba, Bolivia
Tel: +591 4 360 800/801
Fax: +591 4 360 802
email: g.thiele@cgiar.org .
Contact: Graham Thiele, Participatory Research and Training
Specialist

Sue-SAHARAN AFRICA (SSA}

Regional Office Kenya
International Potato Center
PO Box 25171
Nairobi, Kenya
Tel: +254 2 632 054
Fax: +254 2 630 005 or 631 499
email: cip-nbo@cgiar.org
Contact: Peter Ewell, SSA Regional Representative
Liaison Office Uganda
International Potato Center
'f./o PRAPACE (see address below)
Contact: Berga Lemaga, PRAPACE Coordinator
Networks
PRAPACE (Regional Potato and Sweetpotato lmprov ment
Program for East and Central Africa)
Plot 106, Katalima Road, Naguru
PO Box 22274
Kampala, Uganda
Tel: +256 41 286 209
Fax: +256 41 286 947
email: prapace@infocom.co.ug or berga@imul.com
Contact: Berga Lemaga, PRAPACE Coordinator

SOUTH AND WEST ASIA (SWA}

Regional Office India
International Potato Center
c/o IARI Campus, Pusa
New Delhi 110012, India
Tel: +91 11 585 0201
Fax: +91 11 573 1481
email: cip-delhi@cgiar.org
Contact: Sarath llangantileke, SWA Regional Represent tive
Project CIP-SDC (Potato Development Project for
Nepal and Pakistan)
PO Box 2122
Islamabad, Pakistan
Tel and fax: +92 51 925 5067
email: o.hidalgo@cgiar.org
Contact: Oscar A Hidalgo, Project Leader

hutan,

EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC (ESEAP)

Regional Office Indonesia
International P0tato Center
Kebun Percobaan Muara
Jalan Raya Ciapus
Bogor 16610, Indonesia
Tel: +62 251 317 951
Fax: +62 251 316 264
email: cip-bogor@cgiar.org
Website: www.eseap.cipotato.org
Contact: Keith Fuglie, ESEAP Regional Representative
Liaison Office Vietnam
International Potato Center
So14 B25
Nam Thanh Cong
Lang Ha, Dong Da
Hanoi, Vietnam
Tel and fax: +84 4 835 5494
Email: cip-hanoi@fpt.vn or d.peters@cgiar.org or dpeters@fpt.vn
Contact: Dai Peters, Postharvest Specialist

Liaison Office China

International Potato Center
c/o The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
12 Zhong Guan Cun South Street
West Suburbs of Beijing
Beijing, People's Republic of China
Tel: +86 10 6897 5504
Fax: +86 10 6897 5503
email: cip-china@cgiar.org
Contact: Yi Wang, Liaison Scientist
Networks
UPWARD (Users' Perspectives with Agricultural Research
and Development)
PCARRD Complex
Los Banos, Laguna, 4030 Philippines
c/o IRRI
PO Box 3127
Makati City, 1271 Philippines
Tel: +63 49 536 0235
Fax: +63 49 536 1662
email: cip-manila@cgiar.org
Website: www.eseap.cipotato.org/upward
Contact: Dindo Campilan, UPWARD Coordinator

I s9

(Ip REGIONAL AND LIAISON OFFICES

CENTRAL AND EASTERN

EAST AND SOUTHEAST

ASIA ANDTHE
PACIFiC (ESEAP)

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA (SSA)

SOUTH AND WEST ASIA (SWA)

FUTURE HARVEST

CIP is one of 16 food and environmE!ntal research organizations

known as the Future Harvest centers. The centers, located around
the world, conduct research in partnership with farmers,
scientists and policy-makers to help alleviate poverty and
increase food security while protecting the natural resource
base. They are funded principally through the 58 countries,
private foundations and regional and international organizations
that make up the Consultative Group on International
Agricultural Research (CGIAR).
In 1998 the centers supported by the CGIAR created Future
Harvest as a charitable and educational organization designed
to advance the debate on how to feed the world's growing

population without destroying the environment, and to c

action for a world with less poverty, a -healthier human
well-nourished children and a better environment.
ture
Harvest reaches out to media, academics, scholars and sci
in the world's premier peace, environment, health, pop ation
and development research organizations, as well as to olicymakers and civil society, and it enlists world-renowned I aders
to speak on its be haif. Future Harvest supports research, pro otes
partnerships and sponsors on-the-ground projects that bring
the results of research efforts to farmers' fields in Africa, As a and
Latin America.
For more details visit www.futureharvest.org and www.cg r.org

CAPTIONS

Page

Page

1.

Hubert Zandstra, CIP Direcfor General (C. Atalaya)

7.

Sweetpotato vines and roots are an important source of

9.

Truong Due Cai and his burgeoning pig production

11 .

(clockwise from top left)

26.

(A. Lagnaoui)

livestock feed in Vietnam (C. Wheatley)

Sticky yellow traps are a key component of successful IPM

(L. Cuong)

programs in Canete (A. Solimano)

27 .

potato stores in Tunisia (A. Lagnaoui)

Farmers in Chinchero, Cuzco, have learned to collect and

In vitro sweetpotato plants (R. Medina)

eliminate weevil larvae (J. Alcazar)

(clockwise from top right)

Sweetpotato harvest in Waga Waga Baliem Valley,

29.
31.

(J. Miller)

Indonesian farmers' maps of field school plots

(E. van de Fliert)

32.

to build a business worth millions of dollars (L. Sa)

roots (J. Miller)

33 .

labor-intensive (L. Sa)

35 .

(from top to bottom)

Pesticide application in Ecuador (CIP Archives)

(from top to bottom)

Yacon syrup (C. Atalaya)

Zhou Guang-you's 'mini-machine' represents a brighter

future for numerous rural farm families in China (L. Sa)

36.

(from top to bottom)

TPS seed-beds (M. Potts)

Guang-you instant sweetpotato noodles have been well

Better understanding of sweetpotato diversity will con-

received in China (L. Sa)

tribute to breeding efforts (R. Medina)

Sweetpotato genetic diversity provides many options for

the development of industrial products (CIP Archives)

19.

Water issues have generated heated debate in Bolivia

(CON DESAN)

The traditional method of starch extraction is time- and

17 .

Simple improvements in arracacha management

practices have resulted in higher yields and straighter

(from top to bottom)

Zhou Guang-you has combined knowledge with instinct

16.

Farmers in Mangallpa are now conserving dozens of

varieties of arracacha in community-managed plots

Indonesia (G. Prain)

15 .

Marfa Asuncion Vasquez demonstrates the traditional

way of grating arracacha (J. Miller)

Indonesia (J. Schneider)

Sweetpotato evaluation and classification in lrian Jaya,

14.

(from left to right)

Bamboo roofing helps prevent pests from entering

Sweetpotato harvest in Japan (J. Dodds)

CIP sweetpotato breeder Dapeng Zhang (C. Rossenouff)
12 .

(from left to right)

Potatoes stored using IPM practices in Tunisia

37.

(from left to right)

Juliet Sanyu weeds the potato field she shares with

Native potatoes (C. Atalaya)

five other women (M. Crawley)

Sweetpotato market in Liberia (C. Martin)

Women potato farmers in Nyamiyaga, Kabale

38 .

(from top to bottom)

(M. Crawley)

Virtual laboratories (A. Garcia)

20.

Potato plant with bacterial wilt (CIP archives)

21.

(from top to bottom)

Guide to Indonesian sweetpotato genetic

resources CD-ROM (M. Hidalgo)

Farmer assessing late-blight damage

(R. Nelson)

39.

CIP Board Members

Late-blight symptoms on potato leaves (R. Nelson)

Front row, from left to right: Orlando Olcese, Eija Pehu,

23.

Farmer Juan Gomez with his bumper sweetpotato crop in

Josefina Takahasi, Chukichi Kaneda, Sujayet Chowdhury

Havana Province (E. Schi0ler)

Back row, from left to right: Koenraad Verhoeff, David R

25 .

Irrigation is an improtant component of weevil control

MacKenzie, Hubert Zandstra, Theresa Sengooba

(E. Schi0ler)

(C. Atalaya)

I 61

 INTERNACIONAL
0
0

International Potato Center

;;: Apartado 1558
: Lima 12, Peru
, "
~ E-mail: cip@cgiar.org
Online at: www.cipotato.org
m

1-

~,

9 7

, _

2 0 0

CIP. 2001. Stories from the field: International Potato Center Annual Report 2000
Lima, Peru
2001, Centro Internacional de la Papa,

Lima, Peru
ISSN 0256-6311
Press run: 2,000
May 2001

~ Frontmatter printed on recycled paper