UHV 1200 kV AC Transmission

GRIDTECH 2007

Power Transmission
and Distribution

H. Huang, D.Kumar,
V. Ramaswami, D. Retzmann

Technical Alternatives for Bulk Power

Transmission
HVAC Systems
500 kV conventional as also series compensated
750 kV conventional as also series compensated
1200 kV conventional as also series compensated

HVDC Systems
500 kV bipole
550 kV bipole
600 kV bipole
800 kV bipole

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Dec.-06

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Power Transmission and Distribution

Development of Voltages Levels

for AC Power Transmission
Voltage
1400
6
1200
kV
1000

800
600
400

2
200

experimental
in commercial use

1900

1910

1920

1930

1940

1950

1960

1970

1980

1990

2000

Year

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Dec.-06

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Power Transmission and Distribution

EHV and UHV AC Systems at Present

1000 kV Line:
SIL = 4 GW
Transmission
of 6-10 GW is
feasible
Page 4

Voltage Levels of 735 kV to 765 kV AC have been

introduced in the following Countries:
Canada, Brazil, Russia (USSR), South Africa,
South Korea, U.S.A. and Venezuela
UHV Transmission Lines (1000 kV and above)
have been built in Russia and Japan
Ekibastuz Kokchetav (500 km)
Kokchetav Kustanay (400 km)
Minami Niigata / Nishi Gunma (200 km)
Kita Tochigi / Minami Iwaki (250 km)
However, today these UHV Transmission Lines
are operated at 500 kV
Dec.-06

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Power Transmission and Distribution

Product-Portfolio Non-Switching HV-Products

Coil Products

Bushings

Current and Voltage Transformer

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Dec.-06

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Line Traps

Arrester

Power Transmission and Distribution

Product Range Live-Tank

High-Voltage Circuit-Breakers

Rated short-circuit
breaking current [kA]
80
3AT4/5
63
3AT2/3
50
40
31.5
25
0

3AP1 FG
72.5

123

3AP1 FI
145

170

245

3AP2 FI
300

362

420

550

800
1000
Rated voltage [kV]

The existing C.B. product range is covering 800 kV

Scaling up to 1000 kV is possible
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Dec.-06

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Power Transmission and Distribution

High-Voltage Circuit-Breaker 3AT4/ 5 EI up to 1000 kV

EHVAC C.B. is using proven design

and can be scaled up from existing
550/800 kV type to 1000 kV
R&D program may be decided for
1000kV according to specification
Requirements for short circuit current
and higher altitudes above sea-level
have to be specified
Ambient and environmental conditions
have to be considered

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Dec.-06

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Power Transmission and Distribution

1000 kV EHVAC Double Break Disconnectors

from existing range of 800kV.....
Technical
Technical Data
Data

Rated
Rated voltage
voltage

Rated
lightning
Rated lightning impulse
impulse
withstand
withstand voltage
voltage (1,2/50
(1,2/50s)
s)
Across
the
isolating
distance
Across the isolating distance

Rated
Rated switching
switching impulse
impulse
withstand
withstand voltage
voltage
Across
Across the
the isolating
isolating distance
distance

Rated
Rated current
current

Rated
Rated short-time
short-time current
current

800
800 kV
kV
2100
2100 kV
kV
2235
kV
2235 kV
1300
1300
1725
1725
4000
4000
63
63

kV
kV
kV
kV
A
A
kA
kA

...to 1000kV design:

Up-scaling will cover the requirements on creepage distance &
mechanical strength of porcelain
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Dec.-06

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Power Transmission and Distribution

1200 kV Power Transformer Prototype tested in 1972

EHVAC Transformer using proven
design can be scaled up from existing
800 kV type
R&D program may be decided for
1000kV according to specification
Dielectric specification and transport
dimensions determine R&D cost and
time
Test facilities are an open issue

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Dec.-06

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Power Transmission and Distribution

Recent Activities for UHV

Example AC Test Transformer 1200 kV

Transformer & Reactor

Bushings:
Type OTA; Trench UK *, Oil-Paper
Technology
Production: Hebburn/UK, MWB
Shanghai/China
Design for 1200 kV Transformer is
available
Reference: Henjang / China

Page 10

**now
nowSiemens
Siemens
Dec.-06

Protected Creepage
Distance: 10.5 m
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Power Transmission and Distribution

Development of UVH AC Transmission

Bundle of 8
Conductors

Rated Voltage:
1000 kV
Maximum Operation
Voltage: 1100 kV

Source:

Page 11

1000
Dec.-06kV Test Line
PTD H in
1T China

Power Transmission and Distribution

Road Map for UVH AC Transmission in China

1000 kV Pilot Project
Shaanbei

Jindongnan

Project Highlights:
Totally 650km Length
Including two UHV-AC Substations
and one Switchgear Station

Nanyang

Source:

Jingmen
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Dec.-06

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Wuhan
Power Transmission and Distribution

Specific Issues for UHV AC

The AC Measurements for UHV
Capacitive Voltage Divider
Type TEHMF Trench Canada *
Production: Toronto und Shanghai
In Service up to 800 kV
Scaling-up for 1100 kV is no Problem

**now
nowSiemens
Siemens
SF6 insulated CT and PT Design is well proven
Type SAS, SVS; Trench Germany *
Production: Bamberg and Shanghai
In Service up to 800 kV
Scaling-up for 1100 kV is no Problem
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Dec.-06

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Power Transmission and Distribution

Tower Configurations
19 m

15.5 m

48 m

92 m

16.5 m

50 m

44 m

71 m

108 m

16 m

Line conductors

Kita Iwaki

Ekibastuz Kokchetav

8 x 31,5 mm ACSR

8 x 24.1 mm AS-330

6,5

Air gap clearance

phase-earth [m]
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Dec.-06

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Power Transmission and Distribution

Bundle Design and Tower Configuration

Voltage
Phase conductor wire
Outer diameter
Sub conductor spacing

1000 kV
8 x 403/52 ACSR
27.7 mm
400 mm

44 m

= 1.07 m

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Dec.-06

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Power Transmission and Distribution

Calculation of Overhead Line Characteristic

Resistance
Reactance
Capacitance
Surge impedance
Surge impedance load
Charging power
Maximum surface gradient

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Dec.-06

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0.0107 /km
0.267 /km
14.15 nF/km
245
4080 MW
4.45 MVAr/km
14.7 kV/cm

Power Transmission and Distribution

Electric Field Strength

50 m

5 kV/ m - 10 kV/ m
10 kV/ m - 20 kV/ m
20 kV/ m - 50 kV/ m
50 kV/ m - 100 kV/ m
> 100 kV/ m

0m
-50 m

0m

50 m

Sectional view of the transmission line vertical to the line axis

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Dec.-06

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Power Transmission and Distribution

Reactive Power Demand of Overhead Lines

as a Function of Load
Reactive Power
[MVAr/100 km]
600

1000 kV
400

750 kV
200

500 kV
380 kV
220 kV

0.5

1.5

P/SIL
-200

-400

-600

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Dec.-06

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Power Transmission and Distribution

1000 kV AC Transmission Line

No-Load Operation
V1 = 100 %

V2

QC

Need of shunt compensation

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Dec.-06

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L (km)

QC (Mvar)

V2/V1

250

1,133

1.04

500

2,417

1.17

750

4,169

1.50

1000

7,670

2.45

Power Transmission and Distribution

Transmission System with Shunt and Series

Compensation

P
SIL

0
Kp = 0

Kp = Degree of
shunt comp.

Kp = 0

Kp (ind)= 0.5
Ks = Degree of
series comp.

Ks

Page 20

Load capability of transmission system

referred to the surge impedance load
Dec.-06

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Ks
Transmission angle as a function of
degree of compensation

Power Transmission and Distribution

Load Capability of Transmission System

Referred to Surge Impedance Load (SIL)
P
SIL

Kp (ind.)

Kp (cap.)

Kp = Degree of shunt compensation

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Dec.-06

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Power Transmission and Distribution

Power Frequency Overvoltage During

1-phase Auto-reclosing
5

V [p.u.]
4,5

Z0/Z1=2,0
Z0/Z1=1,0
degree of compensation

4
3,5
3
2,5
2
1,5
1
0,5
0
0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90% 100% 110% 120% 130%

degree of shunt compensation

Power frequency overvoltage of disconnected phase during 1-phase

auto-reclosing for different Z0/Z1 ratios of shunt reactor
Page 22

Dec.-06

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Power Transmission and Distribution

Ultra HVAC System > 1000 kV

Early research works on feasibility of 1100 kV system by AEP,

Furnas and some manufacturers.

Further research works on 1000 kV by ENEL-CESI in Italy

1100 kV TEPCO line in Japan ( 140 km)

1100 kV line in Russia operated at 500 kV as reported

1000 kV demonstration line with 3 substations are currently

under development in China

Conclusion:
UHVAC technology is technically feasible. R&D works are needed
on the equipment side

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Dec.-06

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Power Transmission and Distribution