BANK PROBATIONARY OFFICER

REASONING ABILITY
NON-VERBAL REASONING
The purpose of non-verbal reasoning is to measure the reasoning power of candidates. In nonverbal reasoning, instead of words and numbers,
diagrams are used for expressing ideas. You
should carefully study the explanations and
examples. Then you should do the practice test.
The best method for increasing your speed and

North-west

North east

South-west

South-east

North

West

accuracy, is to do more and more practice tests

within the allowed time.
Non-verbal reasoning is classified into three
groups. They are series, analogy, classification.
Most of the questions are from series.
Basic Concepts
Directions: -

East

South

Clockwise direction (CWD)

Anticlockwise direction (ACWD)

Frame

The figures are numbered in this way: -

Let us study how an element moves from one

place to another. When it moves from 1 to 2, we say
that the element moves distance in ACW direction, similarly when it moves from 1 to 3, it is called 1
distance ACW direction. But when it moves from 1 to
8, we say that, the element moves distance CW
direction. Similarly when it moves from 1 to 7, it is
called 1 distance CW direction.

If we are going to observe it on the basis of

Degree, then it is to be followed as below:An element moves,
1 to 8 450 CW direction
1 to 7 900 CW direction
1 to 6 1350 CW direction
1 to 2 450 ACW direction
1 to 3 900 ACW direction and so on.

Mirror Images
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
X

V W

I H

Water Images
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

SERIES
TYPE - 1
There should be two sets of figures in series section. The first one is question set, which
consists of five figures. The second set is answer set. There are five figures and is numbered
from 1 to 5. In the question set five figures are
formed in a particular series you required . To
find the answer figure from answer choices,
which should be the sixth figure.
At first you should observe whether there is
any change in the shape or number of elements
in the figures. Sometimes we can see that the
elements in the figures move in a particular manner. Otherwise one of the elements will be replaced by a new one. In some cases both these
changes occur at the same time.
Addition
1.

Ans. (4). Two vertical bars are added in A

at a time to obtain B. Similarly, two vertical
lines are added in B, and we get C. Then
two horizontal bars are added in C to obtain D and two horizontal bars are added in
D to obtain E. Again two vertical bars are
added in E, we get the figure (4)as answer.
Hence figure (4) continues the series.
3.

In order to obtain the same element, eliminate the figure (1) and (5). New elements
are increasing in the order 1, 2, 3, .............
in each step. Six new elements should
come in the answer figure. So eliminate the
figures (2) and (3). So the answer is (4).

Ans: (3). Here one + sign is added in A to

obtain B and one + sign is added to B to
obtain C. The process is repeated again to
obtain D and E. Then one + sign is added
in E, we get the answer figure (3).

4.

2.

3.

Here s and dots are added alternately.

The elements increase in an order 1, 2, 3,
........... in each step. Six dots should come
in the answer figure. So the answer is (1).
5.

Here addition and deletion occurs simultaneously. One dot increases and one line
decreases in each step. Then there should
be only dots in the answer figure. Therefore
eliminate the figures (1), (2) and (4). Dots
should increases in each step. Hence eliminate the figure (3). So the answer is (5).

4.
1
2
3
4
5
Hooks and dots are increasing alternately.
So eliminate the figure (3) and (5). Number
of dots in the answer figure should be same
as in E. So eliminate the figure (1) and (2).
So the answer is (4)
Deletion of elelments
1.

The outer figure loses in each step. In the

last step the innermost figure remains in
the answer figure. So answer is (4).
2.

1
2
3
4
5
Cross decreases by 2 in each step. Middle
figure will always be new. First you should
observe the new figure in middle. This is
the easiest method for solving this type of
questions. By using this method we can
select the figures (1), (2) and (4). Again
cross mark decreases by 2 from E in answer figure. We can eliminate the figures
(1) and (2). So the answer is (4).
5.

A
A

1
2
3
4
5
In the first step, one line is lost from the right
side. In the next step, one line is lost from
the left side. The process continues. Therefore, the answer is (2).

1
2
3
4
5
At first observe the middle figure. The ?
should come at the middle of the answer
figure. Select the answer figures (1) and (3).
Then note the number of crosses. Cross
decreases by one in each step. Eliminate
the figure (3). So answer is (1).

Movement

4.

At first watch the direction of movement of

element. The element moves either in clockwise direction or in anticlockwise direction.

1.

E
1

The element moves diagonally and gets inverted in each step. Hence the answer is (2).

Ans: (1). Here the + sign moves anticlockwise direction along the sides of the square.
At first the sign moves 1 distance and then
it moves 1/2 distance. The process continues. Hence answer fig. (1) continues the
series.

5.

2.

1
2
3
4
5
In each step, the elements move in a particular manner. In every step, the second
element becomes the topmost element.
The topmost element is placed at the bottom and the element at the bottom becomes
the second element. Hence figure (2) is the
answer.
3.

The dot and circle move half distance clockwise direction. Hence the answer is (5).

x moves clockwise. Hence figure (5) cannot be the answer. The element at the southeast corner in A is shifted to north-west
corner in B. Then this element is replaced
by a new one in C in the same position.
Then this new element is moved to southeast corner in D. Again this element is replaced by a new one in E in the same position. Finally, moved to the north- west corner (1). Hence the figures (2) and (3) can
be ruled out. Similar treatment is done with
the element at the south-west corner in A.
Hence figure (1) continues the series.

Rotation
Watch the direction of rotation of element while
observing the rotation of elements. They move
either in clockwise direction or in anticlockwise
direction. Then note, how much degree or by
what distance they move. There are two types
of rotation. In the first kind the element is stable while rotating. In the second is, the position
of element changes while rotating.

4.

1.

Arrow moves in anticlockwise direction.

After every two steps the arrow increases
by one and the arrowhead changes. So the
answer is (2)

Arrow rotates in clockwise direction. It

moves 450 in each step. So the answer is (2).
2.
5.
A

E
A

Here the L shape figure rotates 900 anticlockwise direction.There is the possibility
for figure (3) or (5). Now consider the number
of dots. The number of dots are same in A
and B. Then one dot increased to obtain C.
The dots remain same in C and D. Then
one dot is increased to obtain E. So figure
(5) is eliminated. Hence the answer is (3).

1
2
3
4
5
The cup shape element rotates 900 clockwise direction and moves 1 place in CW
direction. The arrow moves diagonally.
Therefore the answer is (4).
In some cases the positions of elements
interchange along with the change in elements. For example:1.

3.
A
A

The element rotates 900 clockwise direction. So eliminate the figures (1), (3) and
(4). The element is shifted to the next corner in CW direction in each step. So eliminate the figure (2). Hence answer is (5).

1
2
3
4
5
In A, the element at the south-west position is replaced by a new element as in B
and the position of the other two elements
are interchanged. In B the element at the
north-west position is replaced by a new
element as in C and the positons of other
two elements are interchanged. Repeat this
process. Thus figure (5) continues the given
series.

PRACTICE TEST
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45.

46.

47.

48.

49.

50.

PRACTICE SET :
ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS
1. (5) . An extra line is added in each step in a
set pattern.
2. (2) . In one step one line is added to the left
side and two lines are lost from the right
side. In the next step two lines are added
to the left side and one line is lost from the
right side. These two steps are repeated
alternately.
3. (4) . Plus and dot sign moves 1 sides ACW
in alternate figures. So figures (2), (3) and
(4) are ruled out. The arrow moves ACW
1 sides in even numbered figures and the
arrow rotates 900 CW direction in each step.
The figure (1) is ruled out.
4. (5) . The dotted bar moves 900 CW in each
step. So figures (1), (2) and (4) are eliminated. The other bar (T-bar) moves ACW
450, 900, 1350, 1800 respectively. So figure
(3) is ruled out.
5. (2) . The element at the right end in each
figure is moved to the left end in the next
figure - after rotating 900 ACW. The figures
(1), (3) and (5) are eliminated. A new element appeared at the right end in each step.
So figure (4) is eliminated.
6. (4) . B is the mirror image of A. The next
figure C is the water image of B. These two
steps are repeated alternately.
7. (3) . Half side of the traingle is removed in
CW direction and the figure is rotated 900
ACW direction.
8. (2) . One plus is added and a cross is lost
in each step. The plus and cross are shifted
to opposite corners in each step.
9. (5) . Addition of one unit in alternate figures.
10. (1) . The smallest line at the bottom interchange its position with the other lines. Finally it reaches the top and then it comes
back to its initial position.
11. (5) . The shading portion moves anticlockwise in each step. After every second step
an extra portion is added to it.

12. (5) The figure moves 450 and 2700 anticlockwise alternately. The cross moves to the
other side of the wave in each step.
13. (5) . A D : 900 CW rotation with line segment converted into semicircle outside. B
E : 900 CW rotation with line segment
converted into semicircle inside. Similarly
C as A D.
14. (3) . The arrow interchanges position with
the dot and the triangle interchanges position with the arc in first step. In the next
step, the figure moves 450 ACW. This goes
on alternately.
15. (5) . The dark leaf move 00, 450, 900, ...........
ACW and CW alternately in each step and
a white leaf is added to it.
16. (2) . Arc moves 450 CW direction and pin
moves 450 ACW direction.
17. (4) . The first and the second, the second
and the third and the first and the third symbols interchange positions in subsequent
steps. The arrow and the pin get laterally
inverted alternately.
18. (1) . In one step, the first and second symbols (counting in CW direction) interchange
positions and in the next step, the first and
the third symbols interchange positions. This
goes on alternately. The remaining Symbol
moves to the vacant portion and gets replaced by a new symbol in each step.
19. (1) : Two units and three units are rotated
alternately. with respect to horizontal in order.
20. (4) : The lower left figure rotates 900 ACW
and gets enlarged; the upper large figure
rotates 900 ACW gets diminished, the third
figure is replaced by a new one and all the
figures then rotate one step CW.
21. (3) : The central figure is attached to the
double bar and the single bar alternately in
the next. The single bar appears two times
continuously with the same element. So,
must appear with the single bar. Middle
element is a new one.

22. (2) : Central element is a new one in each

step. The dot and circle move one side CW
and ACW alternately.
23. (5) : See the movement of N and the line
segment attached to N. The arrow move
after 900 ACW direction.
24. (3) : See the movement of the small elements and addition of new elements in a
set of pattern.
25. (1) : In even numbered figures, two identical units are introduced eg:- bars, circles,
etc.
26. (3) : The left side symbols interchange their
positions with the right side symbols in each
step. One of the right side symbols is replaced by a new one in each time.
27. (4) : The V shaped symbol rotates 900 CW
in each step and moves upwards along the
central vertical line and once it reaches the
topmost position, it comes to the lowermost
position in the next step. The hook-shaped
arrow 900 ACW and moves the adjacent side
in CW in each step. Also the arc get inverted
in each step. The third symbol changes position from right to left and viceversa in every
second step and changes from o to = to
s to o.
28. (5) : The symbols move downwards along
the diagonal and in each step the lowermost
symbol becomes the uppermost. The triangle gets inverted, the rectangle rotates
through 900 and the square rotates through
450 in each step.
29. (1) : The rectangle should come on the inner figure. So the figures (2), (4) and (5) are
ruled out. Outer element is different in each
case. So figure (3) ruled out.
30. (1) :s moves ACW first two steps, then
four and then five steps. figure (5) is ruled
out. With respect to = and signs, figure
(3) is ruled out. From B to answer figure,
the new element appears in the beginning
of row 2, in the end of row 3, in the beginning of row 1, in the end of row2 and in the
beginning of row 3 respectively. So figures
(2) and (4) ruled out.

31. (3) : = sign moves along the diagonal in a

set order. figure (1) and (2) ruled out. Each
time one new element appears. Figure (5)
is ruled out. ie, an element once disappeared, cannot reappears again. The elements disappear from A E in the following order : SW, SE, NE, NW, SW. The new
elements which replace these elements
appear from B to answer figure at the opposite corners diagonally.
32. (5) : With respect to the movement of circle, figures (2) and (4) are ruled out. With
respect to the movement of = sign, figures
(1) and (3) are ruled out.
33. (2) : Number of elements increase by one
in successive figures, figure (1) is ruled out
= sign moves two step ACW (A B and B
C), 4 steps ACW (C D and D E), 6
steps ACW (E answer figure) figures (3),
(4) and (5) are ruled out.
34. (4) : Each element appears at the most three
times in three consecutive figures.
35. (2) : The dot moves 450 CW and the triangle moves 450 ACW in each step. A new
symbol appears inside the circle in first
three figures and then these figures reappear in a duplicated form.
36. (5) : The symbols move in the order in one
step and in the order in the next step. The
two steps are repeated alternately.
37. (5) : The symbols lie along one diagonal in
one step; along the midline in the next-step
and along the other diagonal in the third step.
In each step, the third and the fourth symbols from the top become the first and the
second symbols respectively. The second
symbol becomes the third and a new symbol appears at the fourth position.
38. (2) : If we label the four s shaped symbols
as then their pattern of movement is:
1 laterally inverted in first step and then
in alternate steps.

39.

40.

41.

42.

43.

2 gets laterally inverted in every second

step.
3 rotates through 1800 in every third step.
4 rotates through 1800 in first step and
then in every third step.
The pin reverses its direction in every second step.
(1) : Problem figures are rotated 900 ACW
each time with circle and equal to sign inter changed. Figures (2), (4), and (5) are
ruled out. Three elements on the line segment take their positions in cyclic order as
can be seen in the transformation A E,
B answer figure (1).
(4) : The shaded portion of the south-west
element is shifted to other side (A B).
Then shaded portion of the north- west element is shifted to other side (C D). Then
shaded portion of the north-west element
is shifted to other side. (E answer figure).
(3) : The north-west element in each figure
becomes central element in the next. Figure (5) is ruled out. The element in the middle of the top row becomes north-west in
the next. Figures (1) and (4) are ruled out.
The north-east element moves to opposite
side along the diagonal. Figure (2) is ruled
out.
(5) : The small bar in the first unit in A rotates 1800 as the second unit in B. Similarly C D and E Answer figure. Figure
(2) is ruled out. Figure (4) is ruled out with
respect. to P (A B, C D, E Answer
figure). Figure (1) is ruled out because the
semicircle moves from bottom to top and
then from top to bottom in a set order (A
B, B C, and D E Answer figure). The
small bar in unit 1 moves in a set order along
the vertical bar from A B C D E
figure (5).
(1) : One element increases in each step.
The elements are moved in a particular
manner. The element at the end becomes
a new one and new element is added to it
in each step.

44. (4) : The element at the north-west moves

to the north-east in each step. Figures (1)
and (5) are ruled out. New element is placed
at south-east in each step. Figure (3) is
ruled out. The middle figure N becomes Z
in each step. So figure (2) is ruled out.
45. (5) : A B : : C D : : E (5)
The unit at the north moves to the west.
The unit at the west moves to the east. The
unit at the south is replaced by a new one.
46. (2) : A : B : : C : D : : E : (2)
47. (2) : The first and the second elements in
each problem figure become second and
third elements in the next after 1350 CW
rotation. The third element is replaced by a
new and a different one.
48. (3) : A C E : Second and third elements of the top row are interchanged. B
D figure (3). First and second elements of the bottom row are interchanged.
49. (1) : Number of shaded leaves increases
by one in alternate figures. Figures (3), (4)
and (5) are ruled out. Half leaf away is towards the centre after being away from the
centre (when one leaf is added) in the previous figure (see B C). Therefore E (1).
50. (2) : moves in a set order. Figure (5) is
ruled out. With respect to the element ,
A : B is same as C : D is same as E :
Answer figure. So figure (1) is ruled out. The
top element in the first column in A disappears in B. Similarly, C D, E Answer
figure. (Figure (3) is ruled out). Each time ,
one element is replaced by a new one in
the middle and the right position alternately
of the bottom row. Therefore, X being already present in A. Figure (4) is ruled out.
There are various types of questions in series.
They can be solved by the assumptions used
in type - 1

PRACTICE TEST
Direction (Qs 1-25): Each of the following questions begin with an un-numbered figure followed
by five figures numbered from 1 to 5 and then
again an un-numbered figure on the extreme
right. These seven figures together form a se-

ries which starts at the first un-numbered figure

and ends at the last un-numbered figure. One
of these figures does not fit into the series. The
number of that figure is the answer.

eg.

This is again a question on series. Here,

the vertical and horizontal lines are being
drawn in a set order to form squares. The
number of lines added are two, three, four,

six, and seven in figure (1), (2), (3), (4), (5)

and the last unnumbered figure respectively.
Note that in figure (4), only five lines should have
been added. Hence figure (4) is the answer.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

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7.

8.

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24.

25.

ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

1. (1) : Three lines and two lines are added
alternately in a set pattern. So figure (1)
contains one line less.
2. (4) : The arrow reverses its direction in one
step and move to the otherside of the central line in the next step. In figure (4) the
direction of the arrow should be opposite.
3. (5) : All elements in the figure shifted to the
next corner in CW direction and a new symbol appears on the top right corner. In figure
(5), there should have a new figure in the
top right corner.
4. (4) :The arrow shifted to the next corner in
a CW direction and the arrow rotates 900
CW in each step. In figure (4), the arrow
should rotate 900 CW.
5. (3) : The upper triangle rotates 900 ACW direction in each step. The middle triangle laterally
inverted after every two steps. The lower triangle first rotates 450 ACW, then 900 CW and
then returns to its initial position. In figure (3),
the upper triangle should be pointing downwards.
6. (3) : The arrow moves two steps CW direction in each step. But in figure (3) the arrow
should be one step ahead.
7. (4) : The triangle moves two sides in CW direction in each step. Also the triangle gets light
and dark alternately. In figure (4), the triangle
should be moves to the lower left corner.
8. (3) : One extra line is added to the figure in
each step and the resulting figure in each
step rotates through 1800 and gets inverted
alternately.

9. (1) In each step, the white figure becomes

black and moves to the other corner and
the black figure is replaced by a new white
figure.
10. (2) : The arrow in the middle rotates 900
ACW.
11. (4) : The figure rotates, 1350 ACW in first,
second, fourth, fifth, ........ step and 450 CW
in third, sixth, .............. step. The arrow
reverses its direction in every second step.
12. (4) : Three lines and two lines are added
alternately in a set pattern. But figure (4)
has been obtained by adding four lines to
figure (3). It should thus have two lines less.
13. (2) : In each successive pair of frames, the second figures is the mirror image of the first one.
So the figure (2) does not fit into the series.
14. (3) : In each step, the figure rotates 450 anticlockwise and half a leaf is added in a clockwise direction. In figure (3), however, the half
part of a new leaf is added in an ACW direction.
15. (4) : In successive figures one of the dots is
replaced by a new element. Moreover the
replaced set of elements moves anticlockwise through one position alternately
16. (5) : The L shaped figure moves two steps
clockwise and each time the smaller line
goes to the other side of the longer line.
But in figure (5) the figure should be at the
upper left corner of the square.
17. (1) : The arrow moves clockwise and in each
step it reverses its direction of the arrow
must be opposite to that shown.

18. (5) : In the series, first the lines connecting

the two ovals are changed to curved.
19. (3) : The arc gets inverted in each step and
moves along the line from the bottom to the
top position, from the top to the middle to
the bottom position. Thus in figure (3) the
arc should be inverted.
20. (4) : The figure rotates 1800 in each step.
21. (5) : The figure moves ACW to steps and
one step alternately and also gets rotated
900 CW in each step. In figure (5), the figure should face in the opposite direction.
22. (4) : The line along which the symbols be
rotates 450 ACW in each step. The last
symbol becomes the first, the first one becomes the second, the second one be-

comes the third and the third one comes to

the fourth position and is replaced by a
newone. So , in figurure (4), the circle should
be replaced by a new one.
23. (3) : Two and one cups are added alternately
in CW direction. In figure (3), there should
be one more cup.
24. (4) : All the symbols move to the adjacent
corner in an ACW direction and in every
second step, the symbol that reaches the
upper right corner gets replaced by a new
one. In figure (4), the symbol x should be
replaced by a new one. ie, triangle.
25. (3) : The triangle moves ACW and a line is
added on its either side alternately.

TYPE -2 : CHOOSING THE MISSING FIGURE IN A SERIES

In this type of questions, two sets of figures
are. The given first set will be the question set
and it consists of five figures, labelled A, B, C,
D, E. The second set is the answer set. There
are five answer choices numbered 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
However the figure at C is missing. The candidate is required to choose this figure from the
alternatives 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. The number of selected figure is the answer.
The easiest method for choosing the missing
figure is to observe the series from the first and
last figure.

2.

1
2
3
4
5
At first note the movement. The star moves
one side ACW and the triangle moves one
side CW. So eliminate the figures (1) and
(3). Note the rotation of triangle. Triangle
move 900 CW. So eliminate the figures (4)
and (5). Hence answer is (2).

1.
3.

In eg: (1) The lines and dots decrease by

one in each step. So the answer is (4).

1
2
3
4
5
In upper right corner of the square, appears
a new figure. The figure (3) can be eliminated. The element in the square rotates in
an order. So figures (1), (2) and (4) are ruled
out. Hence the answer is (5).

PRACTICE TEST
1.

2.

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50.

ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

1. (3) : The step increases by 1 in each turn.
2. (1) : One leaf is added in each step and the
figure is rotated 450 CW direction.
3. (5) : The dot in the upper part increases by
one in each step. So the figures (1), (3) and
(4) are ruled out. The dot in the lower part
decreases by one in each step. So eliminate the figure (2).
4. (2) : Three, four, five, .......... lines are added
in subsequent steps.
5. (3) : The three central figures move one step
towards left and the cross moves from corner to corner in CW direction each time.
6. (4) : The inner small figure becomes the
outer large and a new small figure appears
inside it in.
7. (5) : The squares in the upper left, lower left
and lower right corners rotate 900 CW while one
in the upper right corner rotates 900 ACW.
8. (3) : The two pairs of symbols interchange
positions in one step and a new symbol is
added to each pair in the next step.
9. (5) : Arcs on the right side and left side of
striaght line are inverted in alternate steps.
10. (2) : The symbols move ACW each time
and the symbol that reaches the left side
position gets replaced by a new symbol.
11. (3) : One line is added inside the square in each
step. One plus sign is removed each time and
the remaining plus signs are rotated 450.
12. (1) : Horizontal shading moves clockwise
and vertical shading moves anticlockwise.
13. (5) : The left side symbols interchange their
positions with the right side symbols. One
of the right side symbol is replaced by a
new one in each time.
14. (2) : In each step. Also the symbol that
reaches the lower right position gets inverted and the symbol that reaches the
upper left position gets replaced by a new
one in each step.
15. (4) : The figure rotates, 450, 900, 1350, 1800,
.......... CW in each step.
16. (2) : The symbols move in an order in each
step. The symbol in the lower right corner
disappears and a new symbol appears in
the upper right corner.
17. (4): An arc is added inside the square in
one step and it comes out of the square
and reverses its direction in the other step.

18.

19.

20.
21.

22.

23.
24.
25.

26.

27.
28.

29.

Also an arrow is added to the figure in one

step and it gets reversed.
(2) : The dot moves half side and one side
of the square alternately ACW and the symbols are added before and after the dot in
alternate steps.
(1) : In each step the rightmost element becomes the left most and the other elements
move to the right. The element that reaches
the middle position rotates 900 CW while
the third element gets replaced by a new one.
(5) : The outerfigure rotates 900 ACW in
every second step.
(3) : The arrow gets laterally inverted in every
second step. The remaining part of the figure rotates through 1800 in one step and
gets inverted in alternate step. The complete figure moves to the adjacent corner
ACW in each step.
(3) : The triangle changes its position in each
step and gets inverted in all steps while the other
symbol at the end of the line changes its position and is replaced by a new one in each step.
(1) : The elements rotates 900 ACW after
every two steps.
(2) : The number of dots increased by one
and the dots move in a set pattern.
(2) At first, the first, second and third triangles get rotated through 1800; next step, second, third and fourth triangles get rotated through
1800; in the third step, third, fourth and fifth triangles get rotated through 1800 and so on.
(1) The element at the north-west moves to
the north - east in each step. New element
is placed at south-east in each step. The
middle figure s becomes K in each step.
(2) : The elements rotate 900 ACW and a new
L shaped element is introduced in the figure.
(1) : The first and last symbols interchange
their positions in each step. A new symbol
appears as the first symbol (counting in a
CW direction) and all the symbols move half a
side of the square boundary, in ACW direction.
(5) : Fourth element in first step, first element in second step, second element in
third step, ..............remains no change.
Amongst the other elements, the smaller
ones are enlarged while the larger ones are
made smaller. The triangle gets rotated 1800
and the arc gets rotated through 1800.

30. (2) : The first unit in cloumn 1, the third unit in

coloumn 1, the third unit in column 2, and the
first unit in column 2 are removed respectively.
31. (4) : In each step the leftmost element becomes
the rightmost and all other element moves one
step to the left. The J shaped element gets
laterally inverted in each step; the elements with
triangle and arc at their end get inverted in each
step and the arrow gets inverted and also the
arrowhead reverses its direction in each step.
32. (3) : The shading portion in the upper left
and lower right rotate 900 CW and the shading
portion in the upper right and lower left rotates
900 ACW in each step. Also the lower half of a
new square gets shaded in each step.
33. (2) : In each step the symbols move in the
order.
T he
tri angle
rotates
900 CW in each step; the arrow rotates 900
CW and ACW alternately; the circle gets
black and white in alternate steps; the symbol that reaches the upperleft corner gets
replaced by a new symbol in each step.
34. (5) : The uppermost triangle rotates 900
ACW, 900 CW, 900 CW, 900 ACW 900
ACW................ in subsequent steps. The
middle triangle rotates 900 ACW in every
second step. The lowermost triangle gets
laterally inverted in each step. The pin rotates 900 ACW and moves from one corner
to the next in CW direction in each step.
35. (4) : In one step, one straight line is added and
two half leaves are removed from the figure and
in the next step, two straight lines are introduced and three half leaves are removed from
the figure. The two steps are repeated alternately.
36. (1) : The L shaped figure rotates through
900 CW each step and one extra L-shaped
figure is added in every two steps. The lower
two symbols interchange positions and the
symbol that reaches the lower left corner
gets replaced by a new one.
37. (1) : The upper part-of the figure changes
from triangle to square and then to semicircle and back to triangle and so on. The number
of lines in the upper part increases by one and
two alternately. Also, the upper part gets laterally inverted in each step. The arc attached at
the lower part of the figure, rotates through 1800
and gets inverted in alternate steps.
38. (2) : Similar figure repeats in every third step
and each time a figure reappears, it gets
inverted.

39. (3) : The elements move half distance CW

and a new figure is added to it in each step.
The first, third, fifth symbols rotate 900 CW
in each step, while the second, forth, ..........
symbols rotates 900 ACW in each step.
40. (4) : The lines move one step ACW in each
turn. Simultaneously the sign placed opposite to these lines move one step ACW and in
each turn the sign is replaced by a new one.
41. The first, second, third and fourth symbols
from the top become fourth, third, first and
second symbols respectively. The P shaped
symbol gets inverted and laterally inverted
alternately. The arrow gets inverted and its
arrowhead also gets inverted in each step;
the L shaped symbol rotates through 1800
and gets inverted. The U shaped element
rotates 900 CW in each step.
42. (4) : The first symbol (counting in ACW direction) is shifted to the other end in each step.
43. (5) : The figure rotates 450 and 900 ACW alternately. Half a leaf is added to the figure.
44. (3) : In each step the symbols move in the
order.
45. (5) : In the first step, the element in the
lower right corner is replaced by a new one
and all the other elements move CW. In the
next step, the element at the lower left corner is replaced by a new one and the other
elements move CW.
46. (5) : The innermost element becomes the
outer most and the outermost becomes the
middle while the innermost element replaced by a new one.
47. (1) : The two upper symbols interchange
their positions amongst themselves and the
two lower symbols interchange their position amongst themeselves. The lowermost
and the uppermost symbols are replaced
by a new one alternately.
48. (1) : One eighth part of the circle is shaded
ACW in each step. The figure rotates 450
and 900 ACW alternately.
49. (3) : The unshaded symbol moves to diagonally opposite corner and gets shaded while
the shaded symbol gets replaced by a new
unshaded symbol in each step.
50. (1) : In each step the existing straight line
is replaced by a square and an extra straight
line is introduced.