MATHEMATICS FORMULAS

EXPONENTS

rth

-n

a, p,

things alike

v-I

X '"11

)= X

(X

n things , rat a time

-term = r1Cm X in-rri yni

X rn (x n) Xm"

FERMUTATIoN nPr

BINOMIAL THEOREM (X +9)n

P=

. F 77-- CHANGE -) a y To I

Sec,

env)

P1! =-- LINEAR ARRANGEM E NT

01 .-01
CIRCULAR ARRANGENT

Sem, = n(n+1)(ave ex0

()cy)n =_. xn 91.1

S=Vt V= -S t =-

ri

S! p!cb!

unifovm moti on

COMBINATION nc r
X * # OF titzS FoR A Jof3

nCe n things , r

1 -4 RATE OF PoItsiG A J06

WORK PRO6Lervig

X
m -11
9 =

I_
y t

rn

at- 0

C= 2 n - 1 tidings, t n at a time,
pRoebAgiLiTy

X MINUTE HAND
FACTORING

+b)(A + 9) = >((n +1,) Jr 9 n b)

(X--(W,(+9) =

t2

CLOCK reo 6 LEM<

HOUR HAND

100h -1- lot + u = The NuMSER

)(2 - y2

#y) 1 = X 2 4-2Xy +92

!co u + lot + h = Pavegszo HutdISER

DIGIT
PUCk3L-EtetS

y)1 = x2 -2s9 +92

x'-t- y 3 = (x+y)(x2--xy+92)
y 3 -= (x- 9)( x + %<9 + Y2)

Cen 01+(n-l)cl

d = az - = 03 --02

Sn=12)-(ai+ar,)= n (201-1-(n-oct)

X=

-B
= --A-
c
xi(x2)= AT
X i +x 2

p3,. rtiunt

EXI'LLUS I

lurAER5,40Et-sr purr

ce,

P= P r = nc r

n-r

r_a2

--air n -1

Qi oz

.z

- --absinC
=
2

cii'strIBsinC

sn=
1-r

=-0

"

axeuM

P 21T)
1Tob fuig.

151 = 4AC rats owe oco.01

61 > lAC roast cot wszucti

52 < 4,AC rook at iirc4Iwy

ye'

(Oert-tdoeur)

P2 

-BItit31-41AC
2A

P2

AREAS
CXn

Ax e -1-13x +C

-= 171

y)( 3+n) = 3x + ay +a), +ay

QUADRATIC EQUATION

JAPI

Tree

CECTrat,

36o

dz-+V--

bh

1E6

estnen

D 9(n-3)=--nC2-n
J. SALAzart:(1.

PARALLELOGRAM

= 2art3les

=_x_f_

0 bin= dleiz

A 7=-

bh = a.d i sine

A
As X'

Ifv-l'e

*SIMILAR VOLUMES

lgo

v 2_

11-rE

V X3

54 0

DISTANCE BETWEEN Tuio FoirrT5

VOLUMES

IMPORTAkT PRoPEPTIeS

CONES

of CM:LE
OrrEut ec.rtat4
SICOGIV
it4C-ENICV_

+ (CI 2 -13

cEt4 r

71-2h
V 3
Vpiturrwm

3
3

(Ai+ Az +
COUrE)1. or C.412ctS
tinett<ECX10 14 of

11-rL

AiATERAL

6&0E Ems Ecto

co_curViceNTEIZ

pYRAMID
=

*SIMILAR ARtA

(n-2)(ige)

LINES
AX-1-35 +C=0

GEN ERAL

Y - U1 = rr(X-X0)

RANT -

= mx+b

Ah

INTERCEPT

9-Y1

Vmarturi =A- (A + A 2 4-fA A z

st-cPE-itgreaceer

= rn

POI NT

X2Xt

SNEtze

Ax + E3y + c

3
V Tr r
4

Arc
A ZANE =

1-9Ase.

rh

Spb. cone,

e-

+ 3 bz-I-h2)

LActio4c...e Dcr rAgh.u.n.. LINeti

ACCAS)=AE(A0
A

7-1112 (sr-h)
3

VfoirwnAWaT 1122 ( 30x7

2-etAges

-c,
C,
A7437_

471r2
2 Tr

CASToice. ar.r. pr...94r 9. Lusk

J A 2 -1- 8'

ACZA OE et9LYGON ;3Y crocuANATE_S

ffrzh
ceN

TrZQ D OF- POLYGOINIt $11 COO t21) Ni 1 i::S

SP OEgicA L TRIGo

go-A
c10-13,
z 010- C

=-

/n.

= 2-9 /n

j.CAtit 'Meet.

eu.tPse AE G Ax' +Cy't Dx 1- Ey +F 0

Cow IC SECTIONS

F o

Ax' + Bxy +Cy' +

U RCLE.

A , c samo sign

u_ti,se.

et < 4AC
e=

A og. C =e)

PARABOLA

C cuff si r

14 YPE_

( 16 -

a 2

A x i + Cy'l * Do- Ey + F -=o

A

24

Z A

62" ), 4Ac

2bz
=
a

at7=

14YPaRBOLA AlDirr. stew Ax -1-

cz
VX + +F 0

EvO -EinC)

9 , y _ ptc

irkiersecheffn

cetznaDtp:
is =

b2

ati

)(cIA

b 2 +a'

+ 921

r2 = ( x - h) 2 + (y -14)2

FFERENTI AL CAW

k -e

-1)
2-A

= r1)(
u (v) = u dV + Vd u
Vau\-IludV

f** =
4 Aa

rAP.....Aael> LA A og.c...0

/kg % + px +

-1-V.-=.0

--)-(117-71:74 -CT9-1
4c4 (

LENGTH or

C
xn

_re. - 4AF

cf--4AF

INTEGRAL CAL,,,c.

+rt

A=

E 2 - 4cF = =E

X.

A
pApto Ac,TIVE

2C

4-CD

e=

04 =

-D
4C

A=

AO

vrTlydA = 211 - -5-< A

SURFACE AAA :

(y-14V.:.-_.4a(x-hY2

cly

VOLUME

401

cuRvE.

LR

r2cle

rye

(k.

CIRCLES A= G Arc z + A y t Px +Ey +F =o

k=

A=

A=

e = 4AC

geoLA

2rr

b2

GR

AREA eouNDEE)

As= 2TT CIS

n+I

ntI

spl4mcAL. LUIsit tmetx,

maw

k+

tvitgl LI CIE

Ott, = Chow Vt. k

"r*

= Ti rte

V1,0114t

-TD,30
2:7b

GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING FORMULAS

Vv

9\1

SL

2(10n)- Y17Y2- M c00)

rnz

Vs

vv _
V +e

S
MC

G =

n=

Ws

9=-G(1-n)

+e
-

)5'
+ mc

e yw

FAVR
21PooR .31 -so
UNStitTABLE 50+

V= kL

SL

too

LL -

u..@ 2Ornra

25 blows

iA

k=

1+e

k ESA

tAh
FA t. _ir. trEAw

% CLAY sIzE

Nda
R

Xdrnox
urcivsfuriced
= C hu remolded

w = Wscat

AVR = e - GMC n

coogrpma

k aL r

EFFECT IVE FARncLE SIZE 7.7-7 Duo

rs

Ocbutfers

op=kLa

-D2

'060

ID lb

Q_
YzAv = I i-GMC \6/11)

emox - e

vster

PI

Ysub

tat = +

20

LL - PI

6sc4.k(i'itr)

G 4-e .6,
+e

Ysvb

1 -

SR

LL - MC

CI

ysat

10e

D,?-

MC -PL
= LL - PL

G MC =Se

____
od=_ Ws__

[Li 1-

X.,3

Vv,

vv

1-

ExcELIENT o
Gc:oo .......

rns

SR =

p350a,

= 7 I

CC

( 0.) _ ./r4min = I

D e = erva, - ermn I

KimIn

pfd
I
Xcif6ctx

S. =

+ Pz

PaorD
zio

P17::

x?'

obcoluie
A =, vk.c.ocity


SAND

CLAY

ui

q t

butt

= 1.3 CN D tcb Net +o.3 X6N Y

alit" = C N c A TIP

0.4 '66 t.6

NJ' FeiC

1.3 c Mc, + ct

2 ct'A

Pk--

CNIc + KJ %

+ 0 5 1E\4

t-sziP

)I4<4
c,

STIFP CLAY

SAID
Ctutt

Pow O.G5 k0, Y14

arir

Nck, ATLP

0.2. )-1 -Eo 0, '1 YH

Or= PAM icArn (

PtYtOkX

+ '45bub

Q1-ip t QFwC

SOPI cLAy

FS

20 ( P I

Pax

( PILE s 17-0

1:7f

414

C 12.6) 0E1,4.g

PILE GesOLIP

Rvt,ax =

- 4G

n
MEDit,twi GAN(

o
pf .570 t-A?

Ac'

Po takext -CYcrn P
X13 =

'sub (e-a)

2 (m+11-2)s+4o

EPF

=
cb =- ?)/I7C

SLoPE

stn ie

cos, e

-tan 0
n
s sub -Lctv

geefbige-

CAZITICAL,57-n.JDAzp gepc11,j
IC NOT APPLICAI3Le

ceepage,

1- cos (/3 -4).1

Cbu I+
0612000
Fs

Rallow

IN/0

PS =

2fsc,t t4 slry8 cp s/6 1(sot tan !!,
Ft .xec) nom
AG (s tri 4 cas
1.6

Ccsiloti)(NET) ==

EVALUATE ,S1DFT STIFF, AT=APT BIGGER Prnax

SOIL BEARING IS SUFFICIENT

IT Dm n

I KFINItTE

41

s-r-Aett,t 1^1 . sac:3-ot". =

cl..) u 14 FS

9) (414- A

Fs = F-C t
tl.) V1,-0

=.t6(11 { X

H c.g cots

FS

cbul4 - cb. A
FS

Ff = /cc

Wcace

C(A REA AlioNG Ac)

Pal l* 0> (WET) :=

J. sal..A2ARAz

Mft -P
MAXIMA MII.1IMA

RacT

A SauARE

MAX - tio - V

(GwatzA AA)

VcyL, V ArE

MAX - A

MIN - L

REcT : A SauARE (616-14 ve-eim)

2its_ a/a + x213
L h

SnwN(---ECT / s-nFFECT

GYLtuoEizs

X=

9
r

MAX-

p
MAX -V

(Gtver4 :As)
M I N -As (awel4 v)

OPE1,17*

aoseD-D=-h

x- 6/2
y VV2

MAX - V (60/614 ; As)

ct.os EV

09eN IDP-

m - As (swerl
:V)

A CuBe

RECT(SSUARE
WI-Se)

MAX -A

X
MAX -A

49

MAX - L

2y

1-2/'J

STPONGeST /griPreSC
y
sQuARE

bsri

L
x -3

2X MAX-A

MIN - L

Mtts - P
X=

2/3

4-$4
mm-cat,sE
sine= 1/3

X =raT)

L.-=-01+6

r2: A

MAX - A

2-1-1

Eox BLCCK

MAX -

2b

MIN

MAX -V

-CAST 41vert4 :V

MAx- y: atkiEg : coLT

cosT( e40s) (
9="cosr(ckcE)\

MAx -A : PAvABotA
b = psmGo
0.-75
X .7-- 0,75 D

= A1-27y

=
SAIA2A42

T- BEA

,DESIGN (comPuTE As, GIVEN Mu)

IANALYSIS (coMPLITE Mu, GIVEN As)1

bc
g C =T

0. gs

fc:

rit

O ASSUME W4OLE FLANGE IS IN c.OM9QESSI01,1*.

(6-*)

@ mu,

19 1 b'

As-F(3

FtNo:Ac.
T;,:

IF Ac >A.F
a>t

0,165.SSW. bf t

IF

-7Mul

kko

<t

bF

C) M u = (1) C (ci 1)

0 2( .4.)( t bw( a) = Ac

OA (0 . eiss)

0 FIND : a
Mu = Mu, -Fmu2
=.41c(cil..)+ oc(d-ti)

licAbba04)

0.9 (0. tg

k 2 (0,ci)61.2s-y.,1(t)(1,1)

li"){ (a -1)

FIND:
004E0

C=T
ass fciab f = Asfy
lF tsAu l < mu

I
SA

L4

crsEL(sel.Posyn
1c4 d VO,PPet4c)
60t0 ID cam
bf

Mu, +1VILIZ

Mug

Mu = (PT(i-i)

Mu -- Mu

Gii-C2=T

45Asfil (61 -

O.S5 fe'

GREG<

+ (0.4.5)ft: t 10. :7- As fy

FIND As

0,
cs

-cAs
c; OK.
As NEEDS corn?.

a >

bf (a)=,
0 FIND ;

Pro0.14

Prootat. <

FIN17 ; AS

IF Ac Af
c < t

0 Ass...x=0.75/3,

IF fs >fy OK!

Goo(d-c)
c

fs < ft3 stEa- cces NOT

YIGLD(stazom
ilk99940

(DCIAEcW. p.
Ivo%

,c5

f',;" 4. 1'1. OK!

theci
Pm;" 7

-k= use

As :v.-p..4,10,4d

BEAMS

DESIGN (comPuTE As , G ver4 Mu) 1

IG1NGLY REIRMRCD
IANALYSIS (com puTE
ig=.s5
L ie. 0 .43 5 -0.05

Flwo

, GivEN Psi

16 GOO 1

0.15

fc,'i 30 MPG.
If fc'.30MPo.
if

fb,_ 0.85cz q Goo

f9 N acotc13

Cy

,="./.-1 X
r"

600+ fy

fF4c,

MU =".' foiWbclz(1-o.sct 03)

max

to = As

nr.0X

Mu 4.-Mui

bd

maxi

use GIVEN Mu

IIF
fs 7-1;41
Mo= fo'ca) bc1 1 (1 -0.5a co)
0):::/019Ce
Mu --A (I) Mn
AO for flexure
IF

0.15 Pb

max

Mu = fe briz (1-0.5 q to)

0

/0 Et
FiNo :

() As

p>A,

P bC1
DESIG14 AS DOUBLY
RE111FoRcer)ty

fs=RgSs

c.o.ssfzab

T=AgCc

0./2.

C o.ss ab
s = Goo L
cA

Tr-Acfs

Asfs = ()As feab

As(600 S1:0-1= ass Cc'(pc-)19

FIND:
0 SOLVE : a a ::/3c.
NIn=-T(d1)=c(d-Sn
Mu ----

0.003

B T_AMS

1_,E.?cAGT METHOD1

[pOLIBLY REINFORCU)1

FIKID:

1ANALYS IS (comPLITE Mu , GIVEN As fl As)1

C c 0. ss fotab

WrIZOXIMATE METHODI

Cs 7" " As Cs'

fs = Cy

00.-_}3c,

fIRD:

-6'

Vs --I- GOO

nowt 0.15
:.-- 0.75

c' ff3
02_91_

f5

- 03S fc'

-F51=

acoify j

AGC 63 0- S5 W c) b 4-

As' (0)0 C-081)

C) FIND:
says ,

e ./004xl

04 cln ;Vgc

= Mn c, + MS S
= (di) + Ls( -

C=-- o.ssCG'ab
C

= 0 . $

pss,3.1:--OSSCoic+1:)

(ci -1)

ll

As iCs'

-(31

FIND
Mn

= -1- (a -

Mu Zr-

c(dl)

Cs

-I-

As
0

As, Proctor:6cl
As2 As
Psify

0. 425 ab

rit-10t
() Mn= Mn, Virtz

= Asift3(d-1)4- /1/42ii)(61-c0

= Otsiln

--1--

EXACT

=-: 015 Cc' Ab

Ti +T2

Apprzo-
C.= o.ssfo'ckb

CS =A6',Cs`
T =.-AsCy

As249

BEAMS
IDouBLN FeltiFoRcepi
1 DESIGN

(comeurE AS ' AS , GIVEN /AU)

FiNo
As (Oma bci
=.

VEZI F1E1) TWAT

COMRLES.9014 VLEINIFOtreMMT
iS NIEcAa.. gAtzY (see s
Mu > Mu

As, fy

C, assisclob
Fodota,T=c1
SoLve
e

Ma, eri ld-e1-2)

--=0.4i0AG,f90-2)

-mu,

MO2.

;(d(y)

tvluz

-r_,0.410p.szcio-dl)
* FIND As 2

CHECK:

Cc . Goo

As

k5:111
= C2
As i Ct i As7S1.5
ND' As'

r
AG

DOUI3LY REINFORCED
ANALIStS

Mn = C,G. (d-4)

ov 4c0

s 7y

de

7.=

0 , SS

= if5

.......
OS

L.:7 3

*
7

..cc

Cs
= (Act)

600t

Mu,
Mu/

Mu: Mu - titu, 4)1'20 -

Ac

auume

oK!

satze

Mai< M u i

M,A, 7 Ma
< tf ,

C44

tr

of

cit(Gwau)
INA ux

tics Mu (4,v0.4)

cti)
c.

i-o.ppEts)

ft 144 ,s4t1eeESS4014

Tz-As2 fy

c:7-- 0.S5

Og5 fc1 6co

VeSIGM

At, Pmax bd
As i ft4
C. = 0.8.5
Mui = T i (cl - -9i7)

1-1 = CI

Mu = (I) M

Cs <C9STEEL msc of n- \oWD (

velum!? DOUBLY RED4M : tviuy

Kt = Ww bc11(t-0.sqw)
o.qo
Mu .7.: (1)Mn

Mr% T (ci = Arf9 (a-90

cmecK :

+ cs(d-co

mu= cpMn = (19

IM4

=o.clo

u = cpM,

085fcs

vest Git4
Mn

bf (a)

-0 c(a4)
S21 )
b,t5fc' bw
+ 2 [0,85 fc; t 10'0- 4.-)]

Cs = A GI fcs

w (000 c

(Mt4,/

144n= qa

= o. ss fctab
Ca

<Af

At = bw(c)

41ALYSIS

[EXACT METHOD)

Sft4GLY REIRFORCED
"T=.C.c.+Cs

7 Af

ecec:
Gs

6d

lA n =T(d-1)=r- c(d-'3)

4)=0.0)0

CESEGI1/4.1

14.4

IMA.%

= A5, +As2

Ej

= Asz -F9
CI = AsiTsi

:7?-1 ,,,P45C4C

1, 72ierotin

AmAusests
ft
C =T
Ac

RaNcts stew f

/Ina),

0,75 ft
-V4

f4
=
-Fc!
As

ootsax = error. -.
t4 vmaK:7-

'
fcjos,,,, bd2(1-0-54o,)

Ac. 7Pif
>tf

Ac = A;

_ _
PJEK)S COMFIZESCIC>0
(Barb _
MEL- CO-ECK :orD
1 " Mu Mut
C i = (:),Ssfe A bw

Tt

T BEAMS

Pes.c.,4 AS

0k

p.min

1.1 < As
.r.t)

CI -_-+.ssic)-t 6132
OK!

M,4

wd

As

01)

T =Ag+9
e:"--P6k'04

As ziamio b,c1

IL <AC
<tc

Ac rAikc
0

Mn
Mt

Mn
!Au

J. GALAzatoz

SI4tika REINFolWVY15141" 5112Rii Ct)

vu

fLEXUIZAL Si4E-AGT
r, _ 3V

Wu (21

2.A

-Tv

Vc =
Vu =

ft;' 6.8
0= "5

(I) (vc

:=

0
"

S = A V -Fy

N.7

Vc
S max

3 Av

Cy

COLUMNS

EMISGS.

Ri = 0, [o, SS -f-vi (As - A z) + ;9 tkd

0,85 [0, g s fc ( (A3- AO f A S]
pu 0.7 Pn

= 0 , 75 en
tarts 0, 01

snEAtt

TIED

golei

2- WAY SLAINC

Gm

bc:12-

d - dimension offarFing
parallel +a1-44.. dved-can
of voizti-10 6 &e-ID moven}

50.1AL

WOE SEAM cgeAre.

TtEED

Vu

GMAL

cb eff

(wier)(x)

WN =

4.114,604:

Ulu
=

S
I3 (92]

[TlErt Cf1e44.-1
TWO- PAY PUNCH

TIED

SPAAL

< IG dIrnain

S = 4 ac A
Oc

4$3 Otie

Yu* =

N6 Si4eAk

qeff

+4)gpi< 5 < ""bsii

4 Lead column awienCion

spiral in 1 Loop

Vol

Vol

0.45

of Cove,

fL,

LAceve J ;,3

Gti

2 ce
PILE CAP

TIMBER

P t M v Xn + M A .9A

uCe4 =

IX1

o 0
0 -411

a. s.

S
P

A9 < As < 0.08 Ag

RiN FO RCEMEthrrS

I-IANKtNIRDN'S Foe:4mA
vc. 11
FG, II Stri 20 Fc,y cos '03

-= t,75 4<

2,3

M. -smatter end moment

1,4,(4e

Ml - bigger end moment

t

C ,

euo

oS ( M./N/6) +0.B ( M i /tv11)2

EON 04m FIXED

I.

0.5

2 OF.1 F1XE-1), ONE kINGED

130-rvt ENIX itiNGED

e"cls

on spoon 7 NiorAent

Fot
-13-

Iy

wet) (write)

use:

Fc2,

2.0

-Fa

CaYI C1/

-Fa

Fe

)(-0 UN3CRFEI.
.C-o y Fij =

aiin,61urrt

vactluS of gyrot-ic>r

= 0,85

= I + (1-./riL
IS ono

V14 =

( I)

oi tiow.a bl e a)ciat load

VS4 $ =-

AiSc
Os.

StkOizt

cowtAr4

As -F9

4g

= 60,90 1-v3%1 covrer-hon

94.

0
-1-

9 /

cc>vicveie

yr

tz- cafocA oC opvInerioY

M rx

(x'-+-y2)

t Fi492

PA

Pa

As.

C.1400SS
SMALt.ER

stes.-1

Pm), 2

Pfyt =

Pet,

P -= j(1)43-i- Pmx) 2- +

Py,/

(P&3 + Pm y)

WELD

o,3o'FL,

_
v-

Rix

FS 1=1-%41C-41

0.7o7it

= 0.35

full conioot

= o,35
Cc' T

33-fIsfy < o,7.4c'

P49

p
M Yu
"Ix= EL/L2 -t-x 2 + 9 2 1

M rx

21(114-x1i-91)

A, - beovivIg avec%

6, 1..ot.4cv ctiLomN
f3IGGER.
Fat -

hoLES +

eA9E PLATE

6,1_/,)1 1 F9
j
Fs
2 372
Fa = -

11-112'E
23 (Kt-A/Y.

A9

Pv

1,..L 4 cc
r

ry
Pm % =
Pm 2 (x 2 9 2)
9

R x n

Sire-cc

gtvErs

unvec tr-ccn red

0.85 Cc' Ac

(ki-ly)

0,75 Fy

cAsa,:nct- berci rig

Et,nler FortruA la

O< LVY)

P =

g irds res-tva.Z yNeci

to/ Sstortt.i.G,
sk LL c.AartiEt) EisT ST EEL g. c-0 *Icvvy0 s}40410 -as DI- C.AttiLier) sst SrEEL, LL el' STEEL t, Cot4c,

Fa=

-L e =i3 Fbearir Lk,2

Ana

coNIR,S it E 13.F.-AtAS

VarrIkine Gordon

T-EIZINAC OF `f

(.1\11/M]) 2 0.40

= o ' a

1.o
121

<1.0

2301-10/1,)2
Ceri

Dvslak t.4 : EXPRESS X

12-Trze

Cxiiicol ratio

X =- 2Linx -4-a8ob.0

A = ><9

2-L.

1.0

COLUMNIC
Co=124,

0.c15d

d
II
r

1,0

fet

r 0.15 tAGE :

Iy cla,19 e(cor,,p)

2Lby +0,q5c1

C.Meteit4eD AXIAL Bet.iPtv.is srgess

14

LA

0.5 L
0.7 L

ot.w rixED, oNE KEE

1.0 Simply sapporka

rnorAtn+

'FAL
-iw-

= CRITIC-AL

A 2 - cc ilCre Vt. C.WeL1

yawl- Pm x).2 67d 3 t Ray)2

F6cvir4 =

J.QALAZAil:12

FLUID MECANICS AND HYDRAULICS

UNIT WT. OF WATER

GVAV I rATto NAL

ACCELESATioNt
ci.si kw/m3
(02. Lbstft 3

G.43- 1 m/s ,* 32.2 ft/s2

DENSITY OF WATER
Oewstrf."

I g/crns
1 oco kg/m5

13110YAWr FORGE

LAW OF CONTINIULTY OF KOLL

j3ERwouLLI's

/09

fi_ +z

2g

,/ 2

E =
zg

RESERVOIRS

-00ATIC-4`1,
=_

tAssi. hf DISTANCES

DETERMINE FLOv.) D1Recnot-I5

HEAD EXTRACTED,
AEsSoLUIE Pizessucza

PAW EGL s , CONNECT G TO L. SuFpcgs

2g t,2c

q .st kvVm3
FMcv, v4wER
AMPS AND TuR1311.1E-S
10.104
1.03
StA
wAlEc:Z
5
R
(
0, gC)
OIL

HEAD
PUMP
13.6
133.416
MERcuaY ADDED,

Pat' s

BY

R7G

G
13
TL1 R

E --)10614110F

l,013

Q,= Qz +6)3

i3eAt.IC4+LNG PIPES

Q. = Q z = QZ

SERtES

P=QWE
h p

Inf r =-_ 1 f 1 +

-1-11.F3

I bar

PARALLEL Qr=Q,+Qz4Q3...

GIVE

GwE
100

74C

bar

7(0 mmHg

hfi=l1f2,

e 3 FIcIENc.:( =

1,,Pcx

OUTPUT
IN
PUT

ORIFIce

, i4EA LOSS FORMULAS

Q =-- CA\4

HYPROSTAT IC PRESSURE
h

ti

att

F Y 71 A

0.0826

fQ CA .126.71
Q = CA ,[29 +h)

= G.ssn z L

inceiee

e=A

Vt = 2F-1 by 13ElawouLL1

\ii
z

hf pqz

to,z q L-

V a g4 612 Ce"S."
4:97
10: 0 4 tv.-,G1

c... . (06

(ALI + AC2) CA

Q 0.2785 CD 2 '" 5""

1Tr4

Te;

0.111, 4

1;10=-4

r90.-4ab3

HL

t4
O=4R

As
CAr.912 1

2 A  i Acz (T; .572.)

1.25

;note.

nnn

R buf SAES j
J cu pvtats R

?sacs& 1C44171
101.3 kPo.

12.

km Zg

LOCATE G

SPECIFIC- GRAVITY
Flu t
1.

h=

Q= Av

-4(
_

Cf.-/UNIT WT, = v =

, BF Ne(f V41

WETTED

r FEIZINETER

X2
1c.,29
4 x
J. Cm"

-rnAvcmicr3turii

Trk(1-1-1-,2)

GP...Ay

In R2/r-zi
21rkt(b2-1-1,)

Ln R2/RI
Nf

SWAPE FACTOR

Na

Fizessucze DEED PP
co =
P

Xi4(EFfECTWe EAV ) =

cb=

ArzivciAw welts
F

"1436

De

AH

ay

)(ta

H t _t_L Log

L11-1,

614

ocNcl@ F01

1(
cb = H LIE57f<2

Nivcien4

sure-liAra6e

Li42

Ca =

My

C,h

PT PE + RN)

CF-NTROIP OF AREA

Co,
1+
zNe
kgt2-togt,

e ANGLE OF SHEAR FAILURE

1-1 cl r

Tv

Pr -Pt =

ACTT NCB bN

tt

PE = PT

= AREA O 3 PRESS URE PIAGRAM

H Cs 6, PcL i Cc
pf_
"
Po "I eo "J
I

C =

Nd

A14, =_ H +eo L69

Na
[14

sot t.

eo

Cv

Ctn ANGLE Of NTERNAL -FQICTiON

,ne/Ap
+eo,ve

VOL cOMPrLE IA I L rTY

liNt) AULIc al4DUCTIVni

k my cv

C
R MAXIMUM SHEAR SIRE.-SS

6t4 NOtZNIAL EFFECTNE STRESS

1 Sind)

hwp

1< is.

e DID

Pway = -

OCR =

kp

Pe

k
A

4SInd)

0.00,1 (Lt_ - to%)

Cs

=--

of

CC

e
63 11
Po

k_

MAJOR pgq4OPIAL STRESS /AXIAL STRESS

7-0

I Sind)

cogl.

PW=Xwh

460

-icos 2

COS
COS

CO

ds 64keAP. Si KFCS AT F-AILURE

l + stna.

i +

cos-0

2i "-

AOC

+ ,1 cos 2

COS( sicoc

-*

VEVIATOR/ADDIrioNAL/R_LNGEP, S1 WESS

ay MI WotZ PRIKOPAL S1ZESS

COS 20

CONFINING, RZESSUCZE
- cos

CP

CO 24,

CHAMBER PRESSURE RADIAL SCRESS

CELL PRESSURE

LATERAL PRESSURE

DRAG FORCE

OPE.-41 CHANNELS

Fp =

V=

0.5 Cr, f A\12

= O. 5 C L /C) A V 2.

Rt(1.10t,P1 k4LAimEet.

LOT

FL,

tuE0c,ETCA-L

MANNING

Na

64411,11,1

C.44E2 (-

= HL
L

R =LI p =

LAVilt1AR T-tOW

2.000

11.1 g 6t..I1ENIT FLOW

NR1

uce Pvcoci

PD
2.t

formula

= \/62
2g
G = 1.S 411: FIV2
Q

R=2

F<

NF
Cie

o.2 2 - S ide-S C1-7rItticci-e3

controc-Fcci
o.1 -side

la?

ALTEPNA-re STFGES OF PLDW

MYcx cift =

> I

Cix

')-1(

/1-TIAN GW I L /SueciZfr

lcv4eR STAGE/ RAPtO/SuFERca-ir d

uotz.4-..,1>r4744_

f 0,41-x

INCL1 !O

vs/ 'Fo

gray

UPPER STAGE

'forte

exact

= 1 .4 H "

AcrELERATiNG ve.SSets

12. =

Q =-- Qrect
czy
Q

VAIEW e =X10

Q tyi

,25ci L1-13i2

if1:11. -T I WEIR.

100

1 2Y)
9

WYDRAut_c
<

to4 HS/2

S c-
GI
V

icArte C(

NCIS FOIUMLA
4)14 CN C IS N oT G IVEN

fl

d=0,80
A

S 2T
PI)

c 1274 L 3:

Q = 1.S4 L ( H + hv) 3/2 _ hv3/21

' moor --P2DL

_2r

WtIRS

F = PDL
a=

ivr
-4F2

w Nye

1c 64

PRESSURE VESSELS

Cry

A
R.
P

NF

C:3
61 =C o2,4(021-: 5/2

MOST E FFIOIEKT SECTION, MEG

6
a b = 0=

* =

FL2

i4- VAIY

N R 2000

PERIM E TER

Fit = F0 2'

viCo.c.ITY

JUMP

LIP

SIZE Peoe

A d i +d2

I 1/4-4 2

ISALAZAR iz

iff.AoLoss fbe ogiFtce

,
h n .

I)

2g Cv

Dwitesstow /Rise:

149
h = 40ecosA

1451C/1+T of

pEentisE

YD

- Su tZFAC-e- Te-/, %)S I 0 t4

- UNIT WT. (.4/1.5)

(N/rn)

NETTING ANGLE
9.0(14x0)
= 140' (1-15)

e -

WATER HAMMER
ILITY
E ea- 1ZiGto
=

Es SIALIc rAOCULIAg
EIALTICITY (Pa)

PIPE

- MODULUS OF ia.AC-

Tcrry (ewe JAL-0

ei l+
T

cl 1

NON -21WD

Et

OF 1nANEL

TG_ o

.....
.

TG( 2%
7-Y0

e- PEW

trY

rwiCKt4m cp
Ea= 2.0 7x 10 9 (44,0
Pizf:CCuriE

-t -

n..

INsTAWAsecoC acct.! vx
. ......
czAe to acivee
gwv3 ctosLuze CD

p c v

=pc V
.ph =

2 1- V":'
TC

PrzeccurzE c4-40,4,i*

MAs SMEAR STIC : (OPEN CHANNELS)

=SRS
fe'r*As