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Function
Oculomotor
(CN III)
Somatic motor
(GSE/SE)
Visceral motor
(SVE/VE)
Somatic motor
(GSE/SE)
Somatic sense
(GSA/SA)
Trochlear
(CN IV)
Trigeminal
(CN V)
Abducens
(CN VI)
Facial
(CN VII)
Vestibulocochlear
(CN VIII)
Eye movement
Pupil constriction
Eye movement
Deficits
Anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and
olfactory hypesthesia/hyperesthesia
Blindness, hemianopia, quadrantanopia,
and loss of afferent limb corneal reflex (see
Figs. on pp. 258260, 262263)
Paralysis of most eye movement and
diplopia (see Figs. on pp. 222225)
Pupillary dilation and loss of efferent limb
corneal reflex (see Figs. on pp. 222225)
Inability to look down-and-out and diplopia
(see Figs. on pp. 222225)
Loss of sensation on areas of face and in
oral cavity served by each division; loss of
afferent limb corneal and jaw-jerk reflexes
(see Figs. on pp. 198201)
Foramen ovale
Ponsmedulla junction
(medial location)
Ponsmedulla junction
(intermediate location)
Ponsmedulla junction
(lateral location)
e e
Associated
Foramen/Foramina
Ethmoid foramina of
cribriform plate
Optic canal
Olfactory
(CN I)
Visual
(CN II)
Attachment to Brain
42
Glossopharyngeal
(CN IX)
Vagus
(CN X)
Pharyngeal
motor (SVE/
SE)
Visceral motor
(GVE/VE)
Special sense
(SVA/VA)
Function
Motor to stylopharyngeus
muscle (see Figs. on
pp. 226229)
To otic ganglion then parotid
(see Figs. on pp. 226229)
Taste from posterior third of
tongue (see Figs. on pp. 202
203, 228229)
Attachment to Brain
Postolivary sulcus
Associated
Foramen/Foramina
Jugular foramen
Deficits
Difficulty swallowing and loss of gag reflex
(see Figs. on pp. 228229)
Decrease of secretory function
Postolivary sulcus
Jugular foramen
Pharyngeal
motor (SVE/
SE)
Visceral motor
(GVE/VE)
Special sense
(SVA/VA)
Somatic sense
(GSA/SA)
Visceral sense
(GVA/VA)
Motor to constrictors of
pharynx, intrinsic laryngeal
muscles, much of palate,
upper esophagus, and vocalis
(see Figs. on pp. 226227)
To ganglia in/on trachea,
bronchi, gut, and heart (see
Figs. on pp. 226227)
From taste buds on epiglottis,
base of tongue, and palate
(see Figs. on pp. 202203)
Sensation on eardrum,
external auditory meatus, and
dura of posterior fossa (see
Figs. on pp. 198199)
From larynx, pharynx, heart,
trachea and bronchi,
esophagus, and gut (see
Figs. on pp. 202203)
Postolivary sulcus
Jugular foramen
Hypoglossal
(CN XII)
Preolivary sulcus
Hypoglossal canal
* This table is not intended to be all inclusive, but to serve as a brief overview. Details of structures innervated and their functions and of the various deficits seen
following root lesions of cranial nerves (or central lesions that influence cranial nerve function) are available in the respective figures indicated in this table and in
other portions of this chapter and Chapter 8. The functional component designations used on this table integrate the traditional and contemporary versions that are
explained in Figure 8-1 on p. 184.
CN, cranial nerve; TMJ, temporomandibular joint; V1, opththalmic nerve; V2, maxillary nerve; V3, mandibular nerve.
Accessory
(CN XI)
43