The cost of environmental innovations and firm financial

performance: comparative case study of Japanese automotive

and electronics companies
John Smith, Ph.D.
Graduate School of Management, Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University
ABSTRACT
The abstract must be written to include a brief introduction and
overview of the research objectives, methods and findings.
It
should be around 250 to 300 words with five key words formatted as
follows. Use single spacing for the abstract section. Limit it to only
one paragraph. Follow the block indention. The abstract must be
written to include a brief introduction and overview of the research
objectives, methods and findings. It should be around 250 to 300
words with five key words formatted as follows. Use single spacing
for the abstract section. Limit it to only one paragraph. Follow the
block indention.
Keywords: sustainability, environmental innovations, automotive, electronics, financial
performance
Introduction
The style is basically APA2010. The first line of the major section is not indented. Maximum
number of words must be 10,000 to include references, tables, and figures. The font is Times
New Roman, 1.5 spacing, size 12, aligned left for the body text.
The major section heading is in normal style without Roman numerals and align
centered. The second paragraph in a section is indented as illustrated here. Please do not use
numbering system for easy editing. Save your file using Microsoft Word 1997-2003 or 2010
format.
First level of subsection
The paper formatting is A4. The margin is 25.4mm for the top, bottom, and right. The left
margin which provides for binding is 28mm. Simply overwrite and edit this file to adopt the
same margins and page numbering.

Assistant Professor, Graduate School of Management, De La Salle University, Manila, The Philippines. Presented in the 2011 International
Winter Conference on Environmental Innovations and Sustainability, Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University, Beppu, Oita, Japan, January 28 to
29, 2011. For correspondence, email: gsm.apu.conference2011@gmail.com

SMITH, J., 2011 Environmental innovations and financial performance

First level subsection is flushed left with bold fonts. There should be no space between
paragraphs of the same section.
Second level subsection. The second level subsection is indented with a period. Please
limit your levels of subsections up to the second only.
Review of related literature
Skip one space to denote the next major section. Cite authors for books and journal articles
accordingly with the first author as the lead researcher (Salazar & Cortez, 2010). In-text
references should have the surname of the author and the year, separated by a comma, and
placed in parentheses (Cortez & Salazar, 2010, p. 27). Include page numbers where
appropriate. Use the APA author-date method of citation.
Table formatting
Tables and figures must be numbered consecutively using Arabic numerals throughout the text.
Refer to the sample illustrated below. Encode the tables and figures. Do not copy and paste
scanned images as these will be difficult to edit and layout in final form.
Table 1. Continuous numbering
Automotive
1234

Electronics
8190

Total
542

Industry
523

Significance
0.001

567

Source: Japan Automotive Manufacturers Association (2010)

Tables can take up so much space so you can use the font size 10. Avoid cutting tables
and figures across pages. You may use the next page if it cannot be avoided.

2012 Advancements in Business, Economics & Innovation Management Research

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SMITH, J., 2011 Environmental innovations and financial performance

Enclose tables, charts and illustrations in boxes as illustrated below. Do not leave them
hanging. Place table titles above the table and figure captions below the figure.

Figure 1. Bar graph example

Source: Japan Automotive Manufacturers Association (2010).

Other details
Numbers with less than ten should be spelled out. Numbers with more than ten, like 11
may be expressed in digits. Write percent in the body text but use % in tables and in
parentheses.
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endnotes instead of footnotes.
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Publication Manual 6th edition, 2010.
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text. For foreign language publications, use romanized book, journal and article titles in their
original language. No translation is required.
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SMITH, J., 2011 Environmental innovations and financial performance

References
[Arrange references alphabetically by author]
Aragon-Correa, J.A., & Sharma, S. (2003). A contingent resource-based view of proactive
corporate environmental strategy. The Academy of Management Review, 28(1), 71-88.
Barnett, M., & Salomon, R. (2006). Beyond dichotomy: the curvilinear relationship between
social responsibility and financial performance. Strategic Management Journal, 27,
1101-1122. doi:10.1002/smj.557
Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) (2004). GRI automotive sector supplement. Pilot version 1.0.
Retrieved from www.globalreporting.org December 2009.

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