Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Speaking
Unit
1
Lecture
Notes
source
message
channel
message
feedback
receiver
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in Medieval Europe, the clergy were the most polished public speakers
in
the
18th
century,
British
subjects
in
the
colonies
listened
to
the
town
criers
and
impassioned
patriots
of
what
was
to
become
the
United
States
Public
Speaking
and
Diversity
such
factors
as
the
gender,
ethnicity,
and
culture
of
both
speaker
and
audience
are
crucial
components
of
the
context
of
a
speaking
event
to
be
effective,
public
speakers
need
to
understand,
affirm,
and
adapt
to
diverse
audiences
Improving
Your
Confidence
as
a
Speaker
it
is
important
to
understand
your
nervousness
o your
body
summons
more
energy
to
deal
with
the
conflict
you
are
facing
(shaking,
knees
quivering,
stomach
fluttering,
etc.)
o you
are
experiencing
physiological
chances
because
of
your
psychological
state
the
most
common
causes
for
feeling
nervous
when
speaking
publicly:
o fear
of
humiliation
o concern
about
not
being
prepared
o worry
about
ones
looks
o pressure
to
perform
o personal
insecurity
o concern
that
the
audience
wouldnt
be
interested
in
oneself
or
the
speech
o lack
of
experience
o fear
of
making
mistakes
o overall
fear
of
failure
people
feel
the
most
nervous
right
before
giving
their
speeches,
the
second-
highest
level
of
anxiety
when
the
teacher
explains
the
speech
assignment,
and
the
least
amount
of
anxiety
when
preparing
a
speech
there
are
four
styles
of
communication
apprehension:
o average
you
have
a
generally
positive
approach
to
communicating
in
public
these
types
of
speakers
rate
themselves
the
highest
o insensitive
think
about
what
you
are
going
to
say
(focus
on
your
ideas
rather
than
your
fear)
before
you
address
your
listeners,
mentally
review
your
major
ideas,
your
introduction,
and
your
conclusion
o look
for
positive
listener
support
for
your
message
when
you
are
aware
of
positive
audience
support,
you
will
feel
more
confident
and
less
nervous
look
for
positive,
reinforcing
feedback
be
a
positive,
support
listener
for
your
audience
so
that
they
return
that
favor
to
you
o seek
speaking
opportunities
the
more
experience
you
gain
as
a
public
speaker,
the
less
nervous
you
will
feel
o after
your
speech,
focus
on
what
you
have
accomplished
rather
than
on
your
anxiety
when
you
conclude
your
speech,
dont
fixate
on
your
fear
tell
yourself
something
positive
to
celebrate
your
accomplishment
dont
replay
your
mental
image
of
yourself
as
nervous
and
fearful