HistoryDay2014/2015Bibliography:AlfredHitchcock

Primary:

TheBirds.Dir.AlfredHitchcock.Perf.TippiHedrenandRodTaylor.Universal
Pictures,1963.

TheBirdsisoneofHitchcocksmostpopularandinfluentialmovies.Thismovie
showshowAlfredHitchcockusedthefirstpersoncameratechniquesotheviewers
couldseetheattacksasthecharactersdidandreallybepulledintothefilm.An
exampleiswhenMelanieiswatchingthebirdsattackthroughtheglassofthephone
booth.Thecamerashowsthefasttwitchesthateyespossessandthebirdsflying
rightatitasifwewerethecharacter.MuchlikePsychoheincorporatedalotof
violenceandgorewhichwasnotseenatthetime,likethebirdsscratchingout
Melaniesneighborseyes.Itreallyopenedmyeyestoseeallthetechniquesin
actionandtoreallyseehowmostofHitchcocksfilmsaresimilar.Iwillbeableto
usethisinmyprojectbecauseitallowedmetoseeAlfredHitchcocksstyleof
filmmakingandseethetechniquesheusedthatmadehimsuchapioneerinthe
horrorfilmindustry.

Crowther,Bosley."Psycho(1960)."TheNewYorkTimes.17June1960.Web.29Oct.
2014.
<http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Fmovie%2Freview%3Fres%3DE
E05E7DF173DE273BC4F52DFB066838B679EDE>.

NewYorkTimeswroteanarticlethatgaveareallygoodexampleofwhatmovie
criticsfirstthoughtofPsychoAlfredHitchcocksmostfamousfilm.Itshows
thatviewerswereshockedbyHitchcocksnewfilmandwerentsurewhatto
think.CrowtherstatesThereisnotanabundanceofsubtletyorlatelyfamiliar
Hitchcockbenttowardsignificantandcolorfulsceneryinthisobviously
lowbudgetjob.BosleysquoteshowsthatatfirstAlfredHitchcockgotbad
reviewsandpeopledidntalwaysunderstandhismoviesorenjoythem.Henot
onlychosetomakehismoviesinblackandwhitewhentherewascolor,which
madepeoplethinkthemoviesweredull,buthehadnomercyontheviewers.I
willincorporatethisreviewintomyprojectasproofthattherewascontroversy
atfirstanduseitaspartofmyopposingviewpointstab.Thisreviewdefinitely
letsmeseewhatthepublicfirstthoughtoftheupandcomingdirectorAlfred
Hitchcock.

Hitchcock,Alfred."AlfredHitchcockandFrancoisTruffaut."InterviewbyFrancois
Truffaut.TheAlfredHitchcockWiki.Aug.1962.Web.12Nov.2014.
<http://the.hitchcock.zone/wiki/Alfred_Hitchcock_and_Fran%C3%A7ois_T
ruffaut_%28Aug/1962%29>.
In1962FrancoisTruffautcarriedouta12hourinterviewwithAlfredHitchcock
andhislifestory.TheytalkedabouthowHitchcockhadabadchildhood,andhow
hisparentswouldlockhimupand/orbeathim,whichmayhaveledtohimmaking
horror/suspensefilms.Hitchcockalsoexplainedhowheknewhewasntlovedby
thepublicandthatmostpeopledidntknowhowtoreacttohisfilms.Itwas
interestingtohearhowhedidntcarewhatpeoplethoughtofhismoviesatfirstand
keptonmakingthemwithhisownmethods.AlfredHitchcockexplainedtoTruffaut
thatwhenshootingtheshowermurdersceneinPsychohehadtodoitinslow
motionsothescenewouldhavetherightsuspenseaspectandnotshowtheactresses
body.ThisinterviewgaveaveryinformativetimelineofhislifeandhowAlfred
Hitchcockseeshisownlife.Iwillusethetimelineinmyprojectasbiographical
contextonhislife.

Hitchcock,Alfred."MyOwnMethods."SightandSoundISSN:00374806(1937).The
AlfredHitchcockWiki.Web.13Nov.2014.
<http://the.hitchcock.zone/wiki/Sight_and_Sound_%281937%29__My_Ow
n_Methods>.

AlfredHitchcockwrotehisownjournalarticleabouthowheviewshismethods.
Hestartsoffwithstatingthatdirectorsdonothavealltheworkandexplaining
howheformshismoviesbygoingonthesetwithonlyahazyideaofthe
completefilmandbuildsonitasthetakesprogress.Laterinthisarticlehe
explainshowthecamerapositionsandshotsneedtobeperfectsotheydrawthe
viewerintothefilmasifyouwereinit.Themostimportantpartofthisjournalis
Hitchcockexplainswhyhehasonlydonehorrorandsuspensefilms.Hitchcock
statesthathebelievesthatthereisashortageofgreatfilmwriterssohehasto
writehisownfilms.HisjournalwillhelpmewriteataborsubtabonAlfreds
methodsandinnerthoughtswhilehewasmakingfilms.Thissourcehelpedme
getmuchmoreinformationonhowHitchcockseeshisownmethodsandhowhe
viewsthefilmindustry.

Psycho.Dir.AlfredHitchcock.Perf.AnthonyPerkinsandJanetLeigh.Shamley
Productions,1960.

PsychoisHitchcocksmostknownandpopularfilmtoday.Thisfilmusedmost
ofthetechniquesHitchcockisknownforinthe21stera.Anexampleishow
AlfredHitchcockpurposelyfilmedthemovieinblackandwhite.Anotherkey
aspectwastheuseofshrillingmusic.InPsychoHitchcockwouldplacethe
viewerinthemoodbyusingashrillingviolinatthekillingscene.Afterwatching
IwasabletounderstandwhyHitchcockisknownasthemasterofsuspense
throughthismovie.IttaughtmehowAlfredHitchcockkeepsyouonyourtoes
throughoutafilmwithoutthemoviebeinghorrific.IwillusePsychoas
backgroundinformationonHitchcocksfilmsbutalsoimbedacliponmy
website.Aclipofthisfilmcanillustratehowhecreatedhisfilmssodifferently
fromanydirectorinthattimeperiod.
Hitchcock,Alfred."PictureParade."InterviewbyRobertRobinson.PictureParade.
BBC.London,England,5July1960.Television.
RobertRobinsongaveanexcellentinterviewfeaturingAlfredHitchcockthatwould
letayoungresearcherasIlearnmoreaboutwhatpeoplecalltodaythemasterof
suspense.OnJuly5th,1960inLondonEngland,RobinsonsatdownwithAlfred
HitchcocktotalkaboutHitchcocksreasoningtomakemysteryfilms,newfilm,and
thoughtsonactors/actresses.RobinsonsinterviewopenedmyeyestowhyAlfred
Hitchcockmakesmysteryandsuspensefilms.Heanswersthequestioninavery
uniquewaystatingWell,lifeisabigmystery,isntitandalwayshasbeen.I
thinkpeopleareintriguedbymysterytofindoutaboutthingstheydontknow
anythingabout.Thatsamystery!itsveryinterestingtoherehowhethinksabout
lifeandhowliferelatestomysteryfilms.Afterafewmoreintriguingquestionsthe
interviewcomestoaclose.Thissourceisveryusefulbecauseitletsmehear
Hitchcocksopinionsinafirstpersonperspectivewhichisvaluable.AlsoIwilluse
thisinformationasstepstoPsycho,hismostpopularfilm.

SirAlfredHitchcock.Digitalimage.Web.30Oct.2014.
<http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Hitchcock,_Alfred_0
2.jpg>.
ThissourceletsmeseewhatAlfredHitchcockreallylookedlike.Afterseeing
AlfredHitchcockIcanunderstandwhyhessuchaniconicfigure.Alfredpresents
himselfinagloomy,mysteriouswaymakinghimalittlescarywhichallowsittobe

understandablethathesahorrormoviedirector.Alsoinmostofhispicturesheis
frowningorstraightfacedcreatingmoreofadarkfigure.Inalmostallofhisfilms
Hitchcockputhimselfintoasceneasabackgroundcharactermostlikelybecause
hislookmatchestheblackandwhitedarknessofhisfilms.ThepictureofAlfred
Hitchcockisusefulbecauseitshowswhataleaderhewasinthesuspenseand
horrorfilmindustrybecausehisownfacerepresentsorisaniconicfigureofhorror
films.

Morris,Nathaniel.RopeSet.Digitalimage.OnSetWithAlfredHItchcock.N.p.,25
Apr.2014.Web.8Jan.2015.<http://www.bfi.org.uk/news/setalfredhitchcock>.

Reallyprovinghethinksoutsidethebox,AlfredHitchcockcreatedelaboratesetups
toachievethelookhewantedforthemovieRope(1948).Hitchcockwantedthe
viewertohavea360viewliketheywereinthemovieandtodothathetooklong
unbrokentakes.Sincethecameraismovingaroundmuchlikeahumanseyes
would,inlongtakes,Hitchcockneededmenoffstagetomovefurniturearoundthe
roomtoavoidtheshot.AlfredHitchcocklettheviewerbeanotherpersoninthe
sceneandthatwasanewtechniqueatthetime.Thisphotographprovesthathewas
aninventivemanandwascreatingnewtechniquestoperfecthisart.Iwillusethis
pictureinmyprojecttoshowthatAlfredHitchcockwasnotonlypassionateabout
hiscareer,buttoprovehowhewasabletocreatenewtechniquesforhisfilms.

Secondary:

"100MostControversialFilmsofAllTime."100MostControversialFilmsofAllTime.
Ed.TimDirks.Web.06Nov.2014.
<http://www.filmsite.org/controversialfilms3.html>.

ThisarticlebyAMCFilmsitediscussed100differentcontroversialmoviesfrom
the1930stopresentday.OneofthemoviesincludedinthelistwasPsychoby
theoneandonlyAlfredHitchcock.Throughouttheshortarticle,theymade
pointsthatHitchcockwasfirsttodomanytechniquessuchaskillthemain
characterbeforetheyeverreachedthehalfwaymarkandphotographatoilet
bowl.Hitchcockalsoincludedlotsofsymbolicimagery,inwhichmostcriticsat
thetimedidnotunderstand.Inourproject,thiswillbeusedtoshowthat
Hitchcockwasthefirstofmanytodotechniqueslikethis.

"AlfredHitchcockBiograhy."Bio.com.A&ENetworksTelevision.Web.15Oct.2014.
<http://www.biography.com/people/alfredhitchcock9340006.com>.

Biography.comsarticleandshortvideobrieflyexplainedmanyofAlfred
Hitchcocksmostfamous/impactfulmoviesandachievements.Someofhismost
famousmoviesincludedPsycho,TheRearViewWindow,TheBirds,Rebecca,
andMarnie,allofwhichweremadeinAmerica.In1962,Hitchcockevenstarted
hisowntelevisionprogramtitledAlfredHitchcockPresents,whichwasfairly
successfulasitwasairedforsevenseasons.Thissourcewillmostlyjustbeused
forbackgroundinformation.ItsjustabitofinsightonHitchcock.

"AlmaRevilleHitchcockBiography."Bio.com.A&ENetworksTelevision.Web.16
Nov.2014.<http://www.biography.com/people/almareville21014017>.

AlmaRevillewasascreenwriter,editor,andassistantdirectoronvariousfilmsin
the1920s/30s.In1926,shemarriedAlfredHitchcock,gainingherherfamous
title,LadyHitchcock.DespiteHitchcocksfancyforelegantblondes,hewedded
Alma.Thecouplehadmetatwork,asAlmahadbeguntoworkforHitchcockafter
beingfiredfromherpreviousjob.Theyworkedtogetherfor60years,creatingfive
filmstogether(Almaworkedonsevenothermoviesfordifferentdirectors).The
significanceofAlmawasshebroughtpleasureandgoodspiritstoHitchcockashe
directedhisdarkanddepressingmovies.Thisinformationwillbeusedtowrite
Hitchcocksbackground.

"AlfredHitchcockQuotes."BrainyQuote.Xplore,n.d.Web.07Jan.2015.
<http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/keywords/alfred_hitchcock.html>.

IncludedinthissourceweremanyquotesregardingAlfredHitchcock.Many
wereabouthisworkandaffectonthecinematicworld.Someofthequoteswere
fromfriendsandactors,whileotherswerejustfromfansandviewers.Afewof
thepeoplethatquotedexplainedthattheybelievedAlfredhadinfluencedhistory
andsocietytoday.Thesequoteswillbespreadthroughoutourwebsitesowe
donthavetouseupallofourwordcount.

Hudson,John."HowHitchcock's'Psycho'ChangedCinemaandSociety."TheWire.
16June2010.Web.23Oct.2014.

<http://www.thewire.com/entertainment/2010/06/howhitchcockspsychoch
angedcinemaandsociety/24047/>.

Psychohadabigimpactonthemoviecommunityandjustsocietyingeneral.
ThisarticlebyTheWireexplainedhowthehitfilmchangedcinemaandsociety
forever.Firstoff,Hitchcockpioneeredatechniquecalledquickorfastcutting,in
whichseveralshotsofthreesecondsorlessareputtogethertocreatetheillusion
ofenergyorchaos.Hitchcockusedthistechniqueintheshowerscenewhere
Marionwasmurdered.AnothertechniquegeniuslycreatedbyAlfredincluded
addingmusictocreatesuspense.Inthetwomurderscenes,Hitchcockusedthe
soundofshriekingviolinstoaccompanytheknifestabbingintothevictims.The
sourcesaysthatonthePsychoDVD,thereisafeaturetoplaytheshowerscene
withouttheshriekingviolins,anditisjustbluntandboring.Manymovieshave
usedthesetechniques,oneofthemostfamousbeingJaws,andthiswillbe
evidencetoshowsomeofthetechniquescreatedbyHitchcock.

"AlfredHitchcock."TheOfficialWebsiteof.7Nov.2013.Web.16Oct.2014.
<http://www.alfredhitchcock.com/lifeandlegacy/filmography/>.

Inhiscareer,AlfredHitchcockmadeoverfiftymovies.Thissourceofferedsmall
summariesofeachandeveryoneofHitchcocksmovies.Italsoincludedasmall
summaryonAlfredslife,hisachievements,andsomequotes.Fromthissource,
IlearnedjusthowbigofadealAlfredHitchcockwasandhowsuccessfulhehad
been.Thisinformationwillbeputtouseinourbackgroundsection,movie
section,andthesomeofthequoteswillbespreadthroughouttheproject.

TheLifeandCareerofAlfredHitchcock.YouTube.YouTube,27Apr.2011.Web.16
Oct.2014.<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A3wguf2GM>.

DuringAlfredHitchcockscareer,hedirectedabout50movies.WatchMojos
youtubevideotitledTheLifeandCareerofAlfredHitchcockgoesthrough
multiplemoviesmadebyhim,givingabriefsummaryofeach.Italsomentions
someofthethingsthathappenedtohimasachild,causinghimtowanttomake
darkmovies.Thevideowillmostlybeusedasbackgroundinformationabout
Hitchcock.

Napier,Jim."TopFiveDirectorsInfluencedbyHitchcockAlfredHitchcockBiopic
MovingForward."RSS.2June2008.Web.30Oct.2014.
<http://geektyrant.com/news/2011/12/7/topfivedirectorsinfluencedbyhitc
hcockalfredhitchcock.html>.
Hitchcocksnewfilmingtechniquesinfluenceddirectorsandproducersofallmovie
genres.Thisarticlebygeektyrant.comdiscussesafewdirectorsandtheirusesof

Alfredstechniques.OfthelistincludeddirectorssuchasStevenSpielberg,David
Lynch,andDavidFincher,allwhohadusedfilmingtechniquesorthesimilar
storylinesastheonesusedbyHitchcock.Afterreadingthissource,Inow
understandwhyAlfredhadsuchabigimpactonthecinematicworld.Inourproject,
thiscouldbeusedtoproveourpointthatHitchcockinfluenceddirectorswithhis
uniqueplotsandfilmingmethods.