Eunwoo Bae

03/04/13
Block 4
25 questions
Unit 1
1. What is the difference between accuracy and precision? (E)
Accuracy is the how close the measurement is to the true value, and precision is how close the
measurement is to other measurements under the same conditions.
2. What is the equation for percent error? (E)
E=|E-A|/A x 100
3. what is the sum with the correct significant figures? (M)
24.52+873.2+120.54
The sum without considering sig figs is 1018.26
Because 873.2 has the least number of digits after the decimal, the answer is rounded to the
tenths place. Also, all numbers are significant to the tenths place. So the answer is 1018.3
4. Find the product with the correct significant figures. (M)
50.00 X 32.1
The answer is 1605 not taking sig figs into consideration. The answer should be rounded to the
least number of sig figs. 32.1 has the least number of significant figures, which in this case is 3.
So the 5 in the first digit is rounded up to the tens place so that the product will have 3 sig figs.
The answer is 1610 without a decimal.
Unit 2
5. Fluorine has a half-life of 5.0 seconds. If you start with 25 grams of fluorine-21, how many
grams would remain after 60.0 seconds? (M)
The half-life formula is Mf=Mo (1/2)n . We want to find Mf in this question. Mo is the original
mass, and n is the number of half lives, which you can find by dividing the total time by the time
of half-life. If you plug it in, Mf=25(1/2)60.0/5.0 =25(1/2)12 =.0061035
Round it to 2 sig figs and the answer is .0061 F-21

6. An unknown element has two naturally occurring isotopes. Isotope 1 has a mass of 120.0 amu
and an abundance of 40%. Isotope 2 has a mass of 122.0 amu. What is the atomic mass of the
element? (H)
First of all, we know that Isotope 2 has a percent abundance of 60%, because they need to add
up to 100%. We need to find the relative mass of each isotope and add them up to find the
average atomic mass of this element. Change the percentage to a decimal to multiply with the
masses. 120.0 X .4=480.0 amu, and 122.0 X .6=73.20amu. 480.0+73.20=553.2
So the Average atomic mass is 553.2 amu
7. Who discovered that atoms are mostly empty space by conducting an experiment with alpha
particles and gold foil? (E)
Ernest Rutherford
Unit 3
8. Give the quantum numbers for the last electron in Phosphorus. (E)
n=the energy level=3
l=sublevel quantum number=1
ml=orbital quantum number=1
ms=+1/2
n=3, l=1, ml=1, ms=+1/2
9. How does atomic radius change as you go from left to right on the periodic table? (E)
It decreases, because electron energy stays the same, but the nuclear charge increases. When
the nuclear charge is stronger, the electrons are pulled in toward the nucleus, so the atomic
radius gets smaller.
10. Write the electro configuration for Xenon (E)
1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p65s24d105p6
The big numbers are energy level, which are determined by the rows. The sub levels (s, p, d,
and f) are determined by the sections, and the orbitals (the exponents) are determined by the
number of columns per sublevel.
11. Why dont noble gases react easily? (E)
The elements in this family all have full valence shell, making them stable.

Unit 4
12. Determine the type of bond that would form between Boron and Hydrogen using their
electronegativity. Tell whether its polar or non-polar. Boron has an electronegativity of 2.0 and
Hydrogen has an electronegativity of 2.1. (M)
Find the difference between the electronegativity of boron and hydrogen. |2.0-2.1|=0.1
If the difference is less than 1.7, its a covalent bond. Also, if its between 0 and 0.4, its a nonpolar covalent bond, so this would be a non-polar covalent bond.
13. If a molecule has 3 bond pairs and 1 lone pairs, what is the name of the shape? What is the
steric number?(E)
Trigonal pyramidal, 4 steric numbers
14. Give the name for Al(ClO4)3 (M)
Switch and raise the numbers. Al+3 ClO4-1
Its Aluminum Perchlorate.
15. What is the formula for Sulfuric acid? (M)
Its an acid, so theres H+1 at the front. Because it ends with ic, so the number of oxygen is the
same as the base, which means itll be SO4-2. Switch and drop, and you get H2SO4.
16. Find the number of hydrogen atoms in Propanol. (M)
Pro- means that there are 3 carbon atoms. plug in 3 into the formula H=2c+1 . H=7. Because
its alcohol, you have to add OH at the end, so there are 8 hydrogen atoms in total.
Unit 5
17. If the reactants are heptane (C7H16) and oxygen, what are the products? (H)
Oxygen is O2 in the equation because of BrINClHOF. Because the reactants are Hydrocarbon +
O2, the products will be CO2 + H2O
If you balance C7H16 + O2-> CO2 + H2O, it becomes 2C7H16 + 22O2->14 CO2 + 16H2O.
So the products are 14 CO2 + 16H2O
18. Write the balanced equation of a reaction with Iron (III) Sulfate and Barium Chloride. What is
the type of reaction? (H)
1Fe2(SO4)3 + 3BaCl2 -> 3BaSO4 + 2FeCl3
Fe 2
Fe 1
SO4 3
SO4 1

Ba 1->3
Ba 1->3
Cl 2->6
Cl 3->6
It is double replacement, because the metals (Iron(III) and Barium) switch places.
19. Balance this equation(M)
HNO3 + Sn -> SnO2 + NO2 + H2O

4HNO3 + 1Sn -> 1SnO2 + 4NO2 + 2H2O

H 1-> 5
H 2->4
N 1->4
N 1->4
O 3->12
O 5->12
Sn 1
Sn 1

Unit 6
20. Convert 5.20 grams of Ca(OH)2 into formula units. (H)
You need to use the periodic table and Avogadros number
5.20g Ca(OH)2

1 mol Ca(OH)2
74.10g Ca(OH)2
=4.22 formula units Ca(OH)2

6.02 x 1023 f.u Ca(OH)2

1 mol Ca(OH)2

21. Find the empirical formula of a compound containing 25.9%N and 74.1%O. (H)
You have to use the given percentage as the masses.
First, convert them to moles. (dont use BrINClHOF when finding empiral formula)
25.9gN
1 molN
14.01g N
=1.85mol N
74.1gO
1 mol O
16.00g O
=4.63 mol O
Second, divide the two numbers by the smaller one.
N- 1.85/1.85=1
O- 4.63/1.85=2.50
N1O2.5, but the subscripts have to be whole numbers
2x(N1O2.5)=N2O5
N2O5 is the empirical formula

22. Calculate the mass of water present in a sample of 25.00g of Pb(NO3)2 x 3H2O (H)
First, find the atomic mass of Pb, N, O, and H2O
Pb- 207.2g
N- 14.01 x 2=28.02g
O-16.00 x 6=96.00g
H2O-(2.02+16.00)=18.02 x 3=54.06g
Find the total mass as well
207.2+28.02+96.00+54.06=385.28g/mol
find the percent abundance of H2O
(54.06/385.28) x 100=14.03% H2O
25.00x.1403= 3.508g H2O

Unit 7
23. Find the % yield if the experimental mass is 73.12g and the theoretical mass is 156.8g. (M)
The formula for % yield is (experimental/theoretical) x 100.
(73.12/156.8) x 100=46.63%
24. If 5.19 g of sodium hydroxide reacts with 3.07 g of phosphoric acid, how much sodium
phosphate can you make? (H)
First, write the balanced equation of the reaction.
3NaOH + H3PO4 -> Na3PO4 + 3H2O
5.19g NaOH and 3.07g H3PO4 are given.
You have to do 2 stoichs and the smaller number is the theoretical mass of sodium phosphate.

5.19g NaOH
=7.09g Na3PO4
3.07g H3PO4

1 mol NaOH
40.00g NaOH

1 mol Na3PO4
3 mol NaOH

163.94g Na3PO4
1 mol Na3PO4

1 mol H3PO4
98.00g H3PO4

1 mol Na3PO4
1 mol H3PO4

163.94g Na3PO4
1 mol Na3PO4

=5.14g Na3PO4
5.14g is the theoretical mass of Na3PO4, or the amount of sodium phosphate you can make.

25. This is the reaction (Mg + 2NaCl -> MgCl2 + 2Na)

Given 3.24g Mg and 7.02g NaCl, how much MgCl2 can be produced? Find out how much Mg is in
excess. (H)
do 2 stoichs
3.24g Mg
= 12.7g MgCl2
7.02g NaCl

1 mol Mg
24.31g Mg

1 mol MgCl2
1 mol Mg

95.21g MgCl2
1 mol MgCl2

1 mol NaCl
58.44g NaCl

1 mol MgCl2
2 mol NaCl

95.21g MgCl2
1 mol MgCl2

=5.72g MgCl2
5.72g MgCl2 can be produced.
Do a stoich starting with 5.72g MgCl2 to find the amount of Mg thats actually used.
5.72g MgCl2
1 mol MgCl2
1 mol Mg
24.31g Mg
95.21g MgCl2
1 mol MgCl2
1 mol Mg
=1.46g Mg
Now subtract the given mass of Mg with the amount of Mg that is actually used.
3.24g-1.46g=1.78g Mg
1.78g of Mg is in excess.

Easy(8)
1,2,7,8,9,10,11,13
Unit 1
4

Unit 2
3

Medium(9)
3,4,5,12,14,15,16,19,23
Unit 3
4

Unit 4
5

Unit 5
3

Hard(8)
6,17,18,20,21,22,24,25
Unit 6
3

Unit 7
3