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[GLTE402:Packaging in Glass Lecture Notes]

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E.M. ALEMAKA

[GLTE402:Packaging in Glass Lecture Notes]

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E.M. ALEMAKA

[GLTE402:Packaging in Glass Lecture Notes]

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E.M. ALEMAKA

[GLTE402:Packaging in Glass Lecture Notes]

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E.M. ALEMAKA

[GLTE402:Packaging in Glass Lecture Notes]

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E.M. ALEMAKA

[GLTE402:Packaging in Glass Lecture Notes]

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E.M. ALEMAKA

[GLTE402:Packaging in Glass Lecture Notes]

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E.M. ALEMAKA

[GLTE402:Packaging in Glass Lecture Notes]

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E.M. ALEMAKA

[GLTE402:Packaging in Glass Lecture Notes]

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E.M. ALEMAKA

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[GLTE402:Packaging in Glass Lecture Notes]

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E.M. ALEMAKA

[GLTE402:Packaging in Glass Lecture Notes]

B
A

Cylindrical section

Square section

(a)

(b)

(c)

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[GLTE402:Packaging in Glass Lecture Notes]

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[GLTE402:Packaging in Glass Lecture Notes]

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E.M. ALEMAKA

[GLTE402:Packaging in Glass Lecture Notes]

X
Y
Z

A
(a)

T1

T2

A
(b)

T1

T2

(c)

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T2

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T1

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[GLTE402:Packaging in Glass Lecture Notes]

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[GLTE402:Packaging in Glass Lecture Notes]

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Q1.

a. Define the following technical terms as they apply to glass as a packaging

material
i. Pressure
ii. Stress
b. A thin-walled hollow cylindrical glass bottle of internal diameter of 90mm and
a wall thickness of 3mm is subjected to an internal pressure of 15bars, using
appropriate formula calculate the tensile stress acting at every point in the outer
surface of the cylindrical bottle

Q2.

Enumerate and discuss the important characteristics of glass that come into
play when a truly hygienic containers is being sought for packaging of foods and
pharmaceutical products

Q3.

[a.] A cylindrical bottle of soda-lime glass composition having a wall thickness of

4mm is uniformly heated up to 700C and then suddenly immersed neck deep
into a bucket of water maintained constantly at 400C. Using the appropriate
formula, calculate the tensile stress experienced by the bottle. Express your
answer in Pascal.
[b.] Assume that the same cylindrical bottle above is exposed to sudden heating
up instead of chilling, by twice the amount of temperature difference, what is the
amount of tension to be experienced by the bottle?

Q4.

[a.] With the aid of illustrative diagrams, discuss what you consider the most
suitable shape of bottle design that can best withstand internal pressure.
Explain the reason for your choice.
[b.] In most designs the greatest stress is experienced in the area of the bottle
shoulder. With reference to the relationship between radius of vertical shoulder
curvature and mean bearable load discuss by contrasting between four [4]
design types of known bottle shoulder and hence point out which of the four is
of the best suitable design.

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[GLTE402:Packaging in Glass Lecture Notes]

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E.M. ALEMAKA

Q5.

A glass bottle has an outside surface strength of 35MN/m2 and wall thickness of
3mm and internal diameter of 45mm; using appropriate formula, calculate the
theoretical bursting pressure.

Q6.

Discuss three [3] commercial criteria from the point of view of a product packer
which any container needs to satisfy for it to be used for packaging

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[GLTE402:Packaging in Glass Lecture Notes]

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E.M. ALEMAKA