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May - 2012
Set-1
Solutions
Time: 3 Hours
Max. Marks: 75
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1.
(a)
Two large vertical plane parallel surfaces are 5 mm apart and the space between them is filled with a fluid. A thin
plate of 12.5 cm square falls freely between the planes along the central plane and reaches a steady velocity of
2 m/s. Determine the weight of the plate if the viscosity of the fluid filling the space is 0.02 Ns/m2.
If 5.27 cm3 of a certain oil weighs 4482 kg, calculate the specific weight, mass density and specific gravity of the oil.
3.
(a)
Define and distinguish between streamline, path line and streak line. (Unit-II, Topic No. 2.1.1)
(b)
State and derive Bernoullis theorem, mentioning clearly the assumption underlying it. (Unit-II, Topic No. 2.2.1)
(a)
An oil of specific gravity 0.7 is flowing through a pipe of diameter 300 mm at the rate of 500 liters/s. Find the
head lost due to friction and power required to maintain the flow for a length of 1000 m. Take v = 0.29 stokes.
What do you understand by the terms: major energy loss and minor energy losses in pipes?
(a)
Obtain an expression for the force exerted by a jet of water on a fixed vertical plate in the direction of the jet.
5.
6.
7.
8.
(b)
A blade turns the jet of diameter 3 cm at a velocity of 20 m/s by 60. Determine the force exerted by the blade on
the fluid. (Unit-IV, Topic No. 4.1)
(a)
What are the different types of hydropower plant? Describe each one briefly. (Unit-V, Topic No. 5.2)
(b)
Explain briefly how can be the power available for hydel project be estimated. (Unit-V, Topic No. 5.4)
(a)
Explain briefly the principles on which a Kaplan turbine works. (Unit-VI, Topic No. 6.3)
(b)
Explain the different types of the efficiency of a turbine. (Unit-VI, Topic No. 6.3)
(a)
What is the basis of selection of a turbine at a particular place? (Unit-VII, Topic No. 7.4)
(b)
What are unit quantities? Define the unit quantities for turbine. (Unit-VII, Topic No. 7.2)
What do you mean by manometric efficiency, mechanical efficiency and overall efficiency of centrifugal pump?
WARNING : Xerox/Photocopying of this book is a CRIMINAL act. Anyone found guilty is LIABLE to face LEGAL proceedings.
S.2
(a)
Answer :
At terminal velocity,
Shear force = Weight of the plate,
F = W = 2 (.A)
W = 0.5 N
Hence, Weight of the plate , W = 0.5 N
(b)
Given that,
Velocity of plates, u = 2 m/s
Viscosity between the plates, = 0.02 Ns/m2.
Area of square plates, A = 12.5 cm 12.5 cm
A = 0.125 0.125 m
Vertical
plane
F Square
plate
Answer :
5 mm
W =
Weight
Volume
4482
5.27
W = 850.474 kg/m 3
W
Mass density,
Figure
We know that,
Shear stress, = .
5
= 2.5 mm = 0.0025 m
2
(Q Thickness of plate is neglected)
= 0.02
850.474
9.81
du
dy
Where,
2
= 16 N/m2
0.0025
= 86.695 kg/m3
Specific gravity,
S=
Density of liquid
Density of water
S=
850.474
= 0.85
1000
S = 0.85
WARNING : Xerox/Photocopying of this book is a CRIMINAL act. Anyone found guilty is LIABLE to face LEGAL proceedings.
S.3
(a)
Answer :
hf =
Answer :
(a)
P=
Given that,
(b)
(a)
(b)
(Q =
0.29 10 4
Coefficient of friction,
0.079
0.079
1/4 =
( 7.317 10 4 )1 / 4
( Re )
(a)
= 7.317 104
Re = 7.317 104
Answer :
7.074 0.3
f = 0.0048
= 7.074 m/s
f=
Answer :
0.5
Q
Velocity, V =
=
Area
(0.3) 2
4
kW
V d
Vd
=
1000
Answer :
Re =
g.Q.h f
Answer :
= 163.234 m of water
4 f L V 2
d 2g
What are the different types of hydropower plant? Describe each one briefly.
May-12, Set-1, Q5(a)
Answer :
For answer refer Unit-V, Q7.
(b)
Answer :
WARNING : Xerox/Photocopying of this book is a CRIMINAL act. Anyone found guilty is LIABLE to face LEGAL proceedings.
S.4
Q6.
(a)
Answer :
Kaplan turbine is one of the important axial flow reaction turbines. Kaplan turbines are suitable for relatively low
heads and hence it can produce very large amount of power, provided the water quantity should be more.
Working Principle
The principle of this turbine is that during the process of transfer of energy, the water enters the runner in axial
direction, it travels across the passage of the blades axially and leaves the runner axially.
The pressure at the exit of the blade is less than the pressure at the inlet of the blades. Since,the blades of the turbine
is fixed). Thus, the efficiency of a Kaplan turbine is high even at part load.
Under all the working conditions, the flow of the water through the runner blades is without the shock, due to which
the eddy losses are eliminated in case of a Kaplan turbine. The flow in a Kaplan turbine is purely axial flow.
(b)
Answer :
For answer refer Unit-VI, Q26.
Q7.
(a)
Answer :
For answer refer Unit-VII, Q24, Topic: Selection of Turbines
(b)
What are unit quantities? Define the unit quantities for turbine.
Answer :
What do you mean by manometric efficiency, mechanical efficiency and overall efficiency of
centrifugal pump?
Answer :
May-12, Set-1, Q8
WARNING : Xerox/Photocopying of this book is a CRIMINAL act. Anyone found guilty is LIABLE to face LEGAL proceedings.