Design Portfolio

MUHAMMADAMMADBARI
MSc Structural Engineer, BSc Civil
Memberships: M.I.Struct.E, M.I.C.E, M.A.C.I, M.A.S.C.E
Email: ammad.bari@hotmail.com

Abstract:
This document provides a summary of all the major projects in which the author
was involved as a team leader or a group member.

MUHMMAD AMMAD BARI

Conveyor System of Jubail Export Refinery, Jubail, Saudi Arabia

Conveyor System of Jubail Export Refinery, Jubail, Saudi Arabia

I was involved as the structural designer for the foundation design of coal carrying conveyor system
50Km long for Jubail export refinery project. The main consultant for the project was Worley Parson.
The conveyor was a steel structure resting on concrete pedestals which further rested on micro-pile
foundations.
There were more than 30 foundations and over 500meter of micro-pile of various length and sizes.
Underneath some of the pedestals there were water pipes which have to be avoided during drilling of
piles. So piles were designed at an angle in 3d space passing through gaps between the pipelines.
Suitable pile cap sizes were approved by the clients according to site suitability avoiding any road or
railway passage. Along with it the loading data for various combinations of seismic and wind loads
was also provided. Micro-pile manufacturer manual and micro-pile design & construction manuals
were consulted for the design. Sizing, placing, design calculations and load test setups were also
provided as per the code requirements.

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Conveyor System of Jubail Export Refinery, Jubail, Saudi Arabia

Titan Manual Micro-pile Description

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Conveyor System of Jubail Export Refinery, Jubail, Saudi Arabia

3D view of piles arrangement

Section view of pile passing through the water pipeline gap

Isometric View of the Pile cap designed in Analysis Software

MUHMMAD AMMAD BARI

13 Storied Office Building Gulberg III, Lahore

13 Storied Office Building Gulberg III, Lahore

A thirteen storied office building was detailed designed having total covered area of over
130000Sqft. The building had simple architectural outlook and the client wanted all the floors to be
designed for office loads and basements as parking. 10ft cantilevers were taken out on all sides of
the building to increase the aesthetics and to make it economical.
The slab system used was flat slab with drop panels under each column. Two shear walls were
provided by the architect on one side of the building making it asymmetric. So seismic sways were
controlled by adding an outrigger beam and by making shear walls more stiff.
Foundation design was also demanded by the client. The foundation system used was isolated
footings joined with tie beams as the soil condition was good enough to avoid raft or pile.

MUHMMAD AMMAD BARI

13 Storied Office Building Gulberg III, Lahore

Building Side Elevation View

Slab Deflection Software Output

MUHMMAD AMMAD BARI

DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL BUILDING

DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL BUILDING

(ISTUCTE CHARTERED MEMEBRSHIP EXAMINATION, PART 2)

I was involved (and took the role of the project manager) in a group design project for the design of a
commercial building. For the brief several structural solutions were devised composing of alternative load paths
and structural systems, for which a conceptual design report was produced detailing the advantages and
disadvantages of each structural system. In addition 2 presentations were also delivered by the group to other
colleagues, for the conceptual and final design stage of the project.
Detailed calculations were then undertaken for the chosen structural system (a concrete framed structure)
according to the Eurocodes code of practice. The calculations included the design for; wind loading, continuous
beams, transfer beam, simple columns, inclined columns and member connections. Furthermore an assessment
of the sway stability and robustness of the frame was carried out in accordance with EC2. Having completed
the calculations for the structure, drawings and specifications were produced detailing connections and
structural materials to be used both in the sub-structure and superstructure.
Also a construction method statement was devised to comply with the CDM regulations, in providing a
complete solution to the clients brief. In addition in meeting the governments zero carbon target, sustainability
issues were also considered and various schemes were incorporated into the structure, included roof mounted
solar panels and blast furnace slag cement concrete.

MUHMMAD AMMAD BARI

DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL BUILDING

Clients Requirements
A seven-storey commercial building was to be designed on a square site 45.0m x 45.0m where a
group of piles forming the foundations of a previous building were discovered. Following additional
requirements were also to be considered:
The facade at the south-east corner is to be inclined between level 2 and the roof. All other
facades are to be vertical. All facades are required to be fully-glazed between level 2 and the
roof.
To provide flexibility for building entry points, the clear distance between external columns
on
Level 1 must be a minimum of 8.0m. External columns on level 2 and above, if required,
must be
Evenly-spaced. No column is permitted on any level at the north-west corner of the building.
Neither external nor internal structural walls are permitted. A clear distance of at least 7.0m
is required between an internal column and any other column or external enclosure. The
service cores are to be structurally independent of the main building.
No foundations may extend beyond the site boundary.
Allowable structural floor zones are:Level 2: 1.7m ,Other levels and roof: 1.2m
A minimum fire resistance of 2 hours is required for all structural elements

Proposed Solution:
Two solutions were proposed for client, one was a steel frame with bracing system and other was a
concrete rigid frame. According to the conditions of client, the concrete building was finalised. For
the concrete frame structure, we chose 40MPa strength concrete. The strength was further
increased by using GGBS (ground granulated blast slag) and accelerators to speed up the
construction process.
Two-way slabs with 250mm depth were designed, resting on beams on all sides, and then the
columns take their load down to the piles. The grid requirements of the client were met by changing
the layout after level 1. This resulted in using transfer beam on the first floor.The transfer beam was
designed as a continuous beam bearing the load of a column and a secondary beam and was
analysed using SAP 2000. The transfer beam being the most critical element was also analysed to
obtain its blast resistance. The cantilever part of the building at the north-west corner was
supported with cables attached to the internal column.
All the members were additionally checked for tying forces, robustness and cracking while the lateral
stability of the whole building was also checked for every column. The whole building lateral stability
was provided by the concrete frame itself to bear a strong wind of 23m/s as lift well were to be
considered as separate structures.According to clause 5.18 EC2 second order analysis was also
checked.
Pile foundation was suggested as the cheapest and safest solution for the building because ground
water was encountered at 2.5m below ground level. Existing piles on the site were also utilised along
with the new ones.

MUHMMAD AMMAD BARI

DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL BUILDING

General layout of the building including plan, side elevation and diagonal elevation

Floor plans: Left; Level 2 plan, Right; Typical floor plan

MUHMMAD AMMAD BARI

DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL BUILDING

Connection details of typical beam-column joint

Cable connection to hold cantilever beam at

north-west corner

Beam - Column Joint

Elevation west side

MUHMMAD AMMAD BARI

MULTI-STOREY OFFICE BUILDING (EC2)

MULTI-STOREY OFFICE BUILDING (EC2)

A multi-storey office building was designed by me along with four other group members. The brief
itself require the production of a report detailing the structural scheme, and also required an executive
summary, summarising the design and detailing the key decisions made by the group.However the
provision of detailed calculations was required for all structural members frame including the
assessment of the overall stability and behaviour of the frame.

The detailed calculations for the structural frame were performed according to the Eurocodes code of
practice. Having completed the calculations for the structure, working drawings and specifications
were produced for onsite construction detailing connections and structural materials to be used. In
addition specific health and safety issues were identified and detailed to the contractor in accordance
with the CDM regulations.

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MULTI-STOREY OFFICE BUILDING (EC2)

Clients Requirements
The office building comprises of a six-storey steel framed structure approximately 18m x 24m on
plan. The followingwere the specifications of the brief:
For the specified grid layout (12m x 9 m) select a suitable composite flooring system, and
design the typicalprimary and secondary beams along with the columns of the frame.
Design of all connections including beam to beam, beam to column, column splices, base
plate ad bracing.
Assessment of the lateral stability of the structure and design of the frame accordingly,
Design of suitablebracing system to be incorporated into the frame, assuming wind loading
of 0.75KN/m2

Design Parameters used:

Fck= 30Mpa
Fy= 275MPa (structural steel)
Fy=450MPa (Rebars)
c= 1.5
s= 1.0
s= 1.15 (rebar)

v= 1.25
mo=1.0
m1=1.1
m2=1.25
imposed load(office)= 2.5KN/m2

Design Summary and Key Decisions

The report presented the design of a 6 storey office frame steel building with the plan area
of 18mx24m using grid size 9mx12m. We presented the design of 6 columns (3 at the ground
floor and 3 on the 3rd floor), 3 beams, 2 beam to column connections, 2 beam to beam
connections, a composite slab , 3 column splices, column base plate, cross bracing on all the
faces of the building and bracing connection detail. A detail design sample was presented for
each of them.
For the selection of slab decking we selected the Comfloor 60 profile decking with t=1.0mm
(from Corus) with a total depth of 150 mm which had a weight of 2.7KN/m2.
The storey height was defined considering the recommendations given in chapter 4 (MultiStorey Buildings) from the BCSA publication Steel Building. The definition was made after
defining the depth of the beams. The storey height was 3540mm. There are included 690
mm for structure and service zone, 100 mm of ceiling and lighting zone, 150 mm for raised
floor zone and 2600mm for clear height.
In columns design, the layout and orientation of columns were designed in a way that the
beams carrying higher load were joined with the flanges of the columns.
Considering the design to be adequately economic, the sections of the columns were
changed at level 3.
Secondary beams were considered in the longer direction to reduce the Bending moment on
primary beam hence making it economical.
In stability analysis snow load was not considered as critical live load and wind load was
considered from both the directions separately.
Additional tension and compression force in the columns due to the lateral loads were taken
into account during the column design.
The column base plate was designed for the most heavily loaded column and provided
under every column. We used partial depth end plate because according to the green book,
it had good shear resistance and fair tying resistance as well. Its fabrication, treatment and
erection were fair which means reduction in connection cost. This kind of connection is most
popular in the UK.

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MULTI-STOREY OFFICE BUILDING (EC2)

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INDUSTRIAL PORTAL FRAME

INDUSTRIAL PORTAL FRAME

This Industrial portal frame was designed by our team in 2012. The aim of this project was to be able
to design and recognise the critical issues and constraintsin plastically designed portal frames in
accordance with Eurocode 3.
The clients requirement did include a report detailing the structural scheme, also required anexecutive
summary, summarising the design and detailing. The provisionof detailed calculations was required
for all of the structural members, whilst particular emphasis was also put onproviding out of plane
stability of the frame. Furthermore a second order analysis was performed in order to takeaccount of
both the P. and P. effects

The detailed calculations for the structural frame were performed according to the Eurocode 3. Having
completed thecalculations for the structure, working drawings and specifications were produced for
onsite construction detailingconnections and structural materials to be used.

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INDUSTRIAL PORTAL FRAME

Clients Requirements
The portal frame was to comprise of a single storey structure approximately 21m x 45m on plan. The
following were thespecifications of the brief:
Selection of suitable cladding for both the roof and walls, along with purlins and side rails.
Design of frame members including rafters, columns, haunches and etc.
Assessment of the sway stability of the structure using the approximate second order
analysis of EC3
Out of plane stability checks on all of all members of the frame
Estimation of the cost of the frame.

Design Decision:1. Slope of the rafter :

6 degrees according to minimum slope requirement clause 2.5 of SCI P164
2. Spacing of bays :
7.50 m, according to overall geometry of structure and cost effectiveness
3. Spacing of Purlins :
According to span, 22 nos of purlins can be arranged on the roof.
4. Choice of cladding :
Lower air permeability of the system reduces energy costs, carbon emission rates and
facilitates compliance with Building Regulations (Part L2 & TH 6)
The state of the art PIR core has zero ozone depletion potential (ODP) and a very low
global warming potential (GWP) of less than 5
5. Selection of cross sections based on plastic modulus calculated using Weller's chart

Design Summary
As the frame is designed to withstand the bending moments due to the applied loads, the joints
between the rafters and columns are designed as moment-resistant joints while the column bases
can be either pinned or fixed foundations. In this case we took the base as pin with simple
connections.
In this project, a 28 metre-span single storey pinned base portal frame had been designed using the
plastic design in order to achieve the best possible economy. The 60 metre of the total length of the
building was distributed over 8 bays of 7.5 metre widths. Bracing system was provided for the frame
in the minor direction to resist lateral loads while the major axis has adequate lateral resistance due
to its moment-resistant joints, thus, no need to the existence of the bracing system in the direction
of the larger span.
The method which was proposed by the Institution of Structural Engineers (IStructE) has been used
to carry out the initial sizing. After the analysis using GSA software,
was found less than 10,
hence, we increased the base stiffness by 20% of the columns stiffness which caused the increase in
the
, but it was still less than 15. Then, Merchant-Rankine method has been used to amplify the
loads as proposed by EN 1993-1-1, clause 5.2.2. In this method, the loads were amplified by a factor
and the sections of columns were changed to stronger sections and finally
passed 15 to be
15.49.
After considering the second order effects, In-plane and out-plane member and structure stabilities
had been verified and suitable restraining members had been provided. Frame capacity also checked
against failure load.
Regarding the cost of the project, cladding of the roof is having a major contribution towards the
overall cost of the structure. The cost of this project has been compared with the cost of other portal
frames of different spans and heights which were designed by the other groups. An important
conclusion is, increasing the number of frames will cause higher cost.

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14

INDUSTRIAL PORTAL FRAME

Description

Qty(nos)per
Frame or Bay

Section

Unit Length (m)

Unit wt (kg/m)

Wt per bay (tonne)

15

No
of
bays

Rafter

2.00

UB 457x152x60

14.07

59.80

1.68

Columns

2.00

UB 610x229x101

5.50

101.20

1.11

Haunches

3.00

UB 457x152x60

2.80

59.80

0.50

Total wt (tonne)

15.15

Unit rate
(GBP/tonne)

1,250.00

18,936.38

10.02

1,250.00

12,523.5

4.52

1,250.00

5,651.10
5,002.80

Purlins

22.00

M175065150

7.50

3.79

0.63

5.0

1,000.00

Side rail

6.00

M175065150

7.50

3.79

0.34

2.73

1,000.00

Description

Qty (nos)

Section

Length (m)

Breadth (m)

Unit area per bay (sqm)

Total Cost
(GBP)

No of
bays

Total Area
(sqm)

Unit rate
(GBP/sqm)

2,728.80

Total Cost (GBP)

Cladding Roof

2.00

Trisomet @
333 100mm
thick

14.07

7.50

211.11

1688.86

40.00

67,554.54

Cladding_Wall

2.00

Trisomet @
333 100mm
thick

7.50

5.50

82.50

660.00

40.00

26,400

Total= 138,797.12

Cost evaluation of a complete portal frame

MUHMMAD AMMAD BARI

SICAS SCHOOL BUILDING

SICAS SCHOOL BUILDING

A four storied school building was designed by our team. Building was an extension of a renowned
school constructed over an area of 2 acres in Lahore. Building consisting of classrooms, offices, stack
rooms, libraries, computer room, washrooms and corridors was designed considering the minimum
designed loads as per ASCE 7-05.
It was also designed to resist an earthquake of zone 2A and a wind of 90mph. Lateral stability was
enhanced with the lift well and strong columns. Slab system provided was two way system supported
on beams. Foundations were isolated joined by tie beams.

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SICAS SCHOOL BUILDING

17

Beam Design Layout First Floor

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