2nd Law ( Entropy )

Q1.
a.) Air is being compressed by a 15 kW Compressor from Initial Pressure P1 to
Final Pressure P2. The Air Temperature is maintained constant at 30C during this
process as a result of Heat Transfer to the Surrounding Medium at 20C.
Determine the Rate of Entropy Change of the Air during this process.
b.) Refrigerant, R-134a enters an Adiabatic Compressor as Saturated Vapour at
120 kPa at a rate of 0.5 m3/min and exits at 1 MPa Pressure. If it is known that the
Isentropic Efficiency of the Compressor is 95%, determine the Temperature of the
Refrigerant at the Exit of the Compressor and the Power Input to the Compressor
in kW.
Q2
a.) A Piston-Cylinder Device contains 7 kg of Steam at 100C with a quality of
60%. This Steam undergoes two processes as follows:
Process 1:
State 1 State 2 : Heat is transferred to the Steam in a Reversible manner while
the Temperature is held constant until the Steam exists as a Saturated Vapour.
Process 2:
State 2 State 3 : The Steam expands in an Adiabatic, Reversible Process until
the Pressure is 15 kPa.
Determine the Heat added to the Steam in State 1 State 2, in kJ and the Work
Done by the Steam in State 2 State 3, in kJ.

b.) Steam enters an Adiabatic Turbine at 8 MPa and 500C with a Mass Flow Rate
of 5 kg/s and leaves at 30 kPa. The Isentropic Efficiency of the Turbine is 0.80.
Neglecting the Kinetic Energy change of the Steam, determine the Temperature at
the Turbine Exit and the Power Output of the Turbine.
Q3
a.) An Insulated Piston Cylinder Device contains 0.10 m3 of Tetrafluoroethane in
Saturated Vapour phase at known Pressure of 0.6 MPa. The refrigerant is now
allowed to expand in a Reversible manner until the Pressure drops to 0.3 MPa.
Calculate the Final Temperature inside the cylinder and the Work Done by this
Refrigerant.
b.) Steam with velocity 90 m/s with known Temperature and Pressure of 600C
and 700 kPa, respectively enters an Adiabatic Turbine. The Steam leaves at much
increased velocity of 150 m/s with recorded Temperature and Pressure of 150C
and 50 kPa, respectively. The Power produced by this Adiabatic Turbine is known
to be 8 MW. Determine the Mass Flowrate of the Steam that flows through this
Turbine and the Isentropic Efficiency of this Turbine.