ANSWER

KEY

M MODE AND SPECTRAL DOPPLER

Marilyn Riley
Junir O.tgyi

1.

M mode Aortic varve Pre-closure seen in Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy or with

LV ouflow obstruction....

some kind of dynamic

2.

M mode Pulmonic varve Mid systoric Notching

top p*r.rel systoric Mitrar Regurgitation

3:rnsunrcrency"'very
^- -Tql.r
m d aortic stenosis
-D.

same

aortic flow.

seen in pulmonary hypertension.

lower panel : diastoric Aortic

patient note MR lonler duration than systolic

4:

DgPPler LV outflow gradient - sub aortic stenosis- note the late peaking and asymetric
sh.ap: tg the,spectra,, al.so note ihe gap between the end oftt rp."n"
mrtral srgnal....this distinguishes it from MR which would be" h6losystolic.

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Doppter -Trans MV spectra in tamponadc - marked respaatory variation with huge

drop in velocity at peak inspiratibn.....also note electical alternans on tfre EfC.

:. .

6. Doppler sweep from systolic MR to As ---MR higher in verocity, longer duration.

. M mode infero-posterior MI with normal septal motion and thickness.
8. M mode septal MI scared , thinned septum, normal posterior wall..
9. M mode late systolic Mital Valve proplapse.
10. M mode Tamponade RV diastolic collapse anterio and posterior pericardiai effusion.
11. M mode Premature Mitral closure seen in severe AI...MV should normaily close on
7

or slightly after the QRS....

12-

M mode MV Flail- note the chaotic, high freqency flutter of the leaflet in systole...this
could be a torn chordae .

13.

M mode MV
vegetation as well.

14.
15..

Flail in this example the leaflet appears

more thickened...there could be a

M mode Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis with left atrial enftugement.

M mode Asymmetic Septal Hypertrophy (ASH) and systolic anterior motion (SAM)
of the miral apparatus to abut the septuh

16. M mode Diastolic MV flutter caused by aortic insufficiency jet hitting the MV, along
with Mitral prolapse,

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