Chlorine Handling:

Details of Chlorine toner:

Water capacity in lit:
780
Chlorine Capacity in kg:
930
Design pressure in kg/cm2:
19.9
Inside diameter in mm:
760
Shell thickness in mm:
10
Dished end thickness in mm:
9.6
Overall length in mm:
2085
Tare weight in Kg:
600
If toner is heated to 80C pr in toner =22kg/cm2
It is chemically inorganic compound
It is irritant Gas
Color code of toner: yellow color
Non flammable & do not use water
Cl2 is heavier than air. (V.D. = 2.49)
Liquid to gas Ratio = 1:460
TLV 0.5 PPM (3mg/m3)
STEL 3 PPM
IDLH 25PPM
BP = -34C
Vapor pressure = 6.3kg/cm2 at 20C
Insoluble in water
Volume of liquid chlorine increases rapidly along with temperature & hence liquid chlorine is
filled up to 80% only. So do not heat chlorine toner.
Chlorine gas is 2.5 times heavier than air hence remains at ground level.
Chlorine gas is not getting mixed with air easily hence its toxic effect is felt for longer
time.
When liquid chlorine is converted to gaseous state its volume expands by 460times. It
means 1ml liquid chlorine gives 460ml gas. Hence when we rotate a leaking spot of cylinder
from liquid side by 180 to gas side then we are reducing severity of emergency by
460times
Chlorine is not combustible but it helps in combustion like oxygen.
Never do welding cutting operation on welding line unless it is flushed thoroughly by air.
Solubility of chlorine gas in water is less (only 1% at 10C). It forms HCl & can cause leakage
to increase due to corrosion. Hence never spray water at chlorine leakage
Before using line for chlorine ensure that it is dry
Never dip leaking toner in pond, river or sea.
Chlorine leakage can be detected by ammonia. Due to ammonia white fumes of ammonium
chloride are formed at the point of chlorine leakage.
Caustic solution can be used for destroying Chlorine.
2 NaOH +Cl2 - NaOCl + NaCl
+H2O
While approaching the point of chlorine leakage wear SCBA.
Reacts explosively with Hydrogen in sunlight or at a temp above 250 C
Reacts with lime & caustic soda to form hypo chlorites.
2NaOH +Cl2 ---- NaOCl +NaCl +H2O
For 900kgs Chlorine 2410kgs (48%) caustic soda
Dry chlorine below 120 C is resistant to Iron, copper, steel, lead, nickel, silver, and
tantalum.
Dry chlorine at ordinary temp reacts with Al, Hg, Au, Arsenic, tin, titanium etc.
Dry or wet chlorine is unsuitable for PVC & PP

Dry & wet chlorine is suitable for PVDF.

temp

Pressure

Tem p/Pressure curve(Cl2)

26
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
temp
pressure

pressure

-40

-20

20

40

60

80

0.5

13.25

22

Tem p

A) Safety during Storage of CL2 toners:

Empty tonners should be kept separately & sufficient distance should be maintained
between filled & empty tonners. Identify storage area for empty & filled tonner by placing
written board.
Do not keep tonner one above another (stacking must be done as prescribed in explosive rule
1983 & gas cylinder Rule 1981)
Never tamper the valves of tonner while storage.
Never apply oil/ grease on the valve stem & adapter.
Never allow, Hot work on the tonner just like welding, gas flame etc.
Do not change the color of tonner.
Do not empty full tonners for other purposes.
Valves should be protected & secured tightened always.
Safety during connecting toner:
Before using tonner, use ammonia solution to detect leakage. Do not try to detect leakage
by Nose.
Put tonner in such a way that it will not move while in use.
Put the tonner in such a way that both valves should align in vertical position.
Use std pipe line & accessories (clamps) as per BIS recommendation.
Keep supply pipe shortest possible without joints.
Never use damaged /punctured pipe for CL2 feeding.
Put NRV in between tonner & use point in the pipeline.
Use proper valve opener to avoid worsens the valve stem & opens the valve slowly as per
requirement.
Depute only skilled & trained person to carry out this job.
Leak points can be both valves, two disc end from welding joints or from the wall of the
toner.

Do the followings in case of leakage.

Remove all non-essential person from the place.
Allow the people with B.A.Set, airline respirator, PVC suit to handle the situation.
Place the tonner in open & safe area & observe the wind direction.
Try to stop the leakage safely if leakage is from valves with the help of skilled people.
If the leakage is from welding joint never try to weld.
Call the dealer / manufacturer /filler for additional help.
If leakage is out of control use CL2 tonner hood
First aid measures
Inhalation of CL2 gas:
If breathing has ceased:
Remove to fresh air
Administrate artificial respiration immediately.
Trained personnel should administer oxygen as soon as possible.
If breathing has not ceased:
Remove to fresh air
Loosen the cloth & remove shoes.
Keep him warm using blanket
Place the patient on his back with head & back elevated
Encourage slow, deep breathing & prolonged exhalation.
Trained personnel should administer oxygen as soon as possible
Cough syrup & common throat lozenges can be given for smoothing throat irritation
Milk, buttermilk, Lime, juice, fresh water may be given
Liquid CL2 and skin contact:
Remove patients clothes before entering the shower to avoid danger from evaporation of CL2
from clothes, and keep the clothes away from the shower.
Flush contaminated skin with copious quantities of water for at least 15 minutes; continue as
required to control burning sensation.
Do not attempt chemical neutralization or apply any ointment to damaged skin
Refer to Physician.
Liquid CL2 ingestion:
Give victim 1 or 2 glasses of milk or water.
Do not induce vomiting obtain medical attention immediately.

Toner color code

TLV(ppm)
STEL
IDLH
Fatal with few
breaths
Solubility in water
at 25C
Chemical used for
scrubbing
B.P. C
Vapor pressure
Vapor Density
Flammable
Liquid / gas ratio

Chlorine
Yellow

SO2
Green color

0.5
3
10
1000

2
5
100
4000

No

8.5ml/100ml

NaOH

Carbonate/NaOH

Methanol

Water / Dilute Acid

-34
5.5atm/20C
2.49
No
1:460

-10

-24.2
8atm
1.7
Yes

-33.4
10atm/25C
0.6
Yes

2.25
No
1:210

Methyl Chloride
Green color
or half green &
half red
50
100 for 5 min
10,000

Ammonia
Black color
yellow band
25
50 for 5min
500
1000
Highly soluble