KKS General View S

Contents
Page
Introduction
Requirements and tasks
Type and hierarchy of identification
Application of KKS
- Process-related identification
- Mounting location identification
- Topographic location identification
Structure and contents of breakdown levels

- Breakdown level 0
- Breakdown level 1
- Breakdown level 2
- Breakdown level 3
15
Further KKS applications
19
KKS Keys
- Breakdown level 1, system, mounting unit
and structure code
- Breakdown level 2, equipment unit code
- Breakdown level 3, component code
23
Identification System for Power Plants

Consistent use if a single uniform identification
system which covers all applications involved in
the planning, construction and operation of
power plants is imperative. No other means enables universal communication between the vast
number of parties involved in a project and performing hugely diverse tasks at different locations.
One such system is the
KKS Identification System for Power Plants
KKS was developed by a study group founded in
1970 comprising planners, operators, independent
experts and licensing authorities. It evolved from
the Plant Identification Code (AKZ) and the
owner's Component Code (BES). KKS structure
and format are patterned after AKZ.
Works on KKS has continued since then under the
direction of the Technical Committee on the
"Engineering Classification Systems" subordinate
to the VGB Main Committee on "Thermal Power
Plants". The following are currently members of
this Technical Committee:
BERLINER KRAFT- UND LICHT (BEWAG)-AG
Brown, Boveri & Cie. AG
Energieversorgung Schwaben AG
ESCOM, Republic of South Africa
Gesellschaft fr Reaktorsicherheit
Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nrnberg AG
Rheinisch-Westflisches Elektrizittswerk AG
Schnell-Brter-Kernkraftwerksgesellschaft mbH
Siemens AG, Groups E and KWU
Steag AG
VDEN, The Netherlands
Vereinigte Elektrizittswerke Westfalen AG
Vereinigte Kesselwerke AG
KKS was published by the VGB-Verlag in 1978 (first

edition) and 1983 (second, revised edition) in the
form of a master volume containing application
guidelines and keys, and it forms the basis for
coding power plant systems and plant items. The
response to the second edition has indicated that
the KKS is being increasingly used in planning,
construction and operation of power plants at
home and abroad. Practical experience has shown
that subdivision of the descriptive documents into
KKS rules and
KKS application commentaries
is more expedient. For this reason, the third
edition (1988) is subdivided as follows:
KKS Rules
KKS Guidelines
KKS Keys
KKS Application commentaries
Part A Allg. Anwendungs-Erluterungen
Part B Engineering discipline-specific
application commentaries
B1 Mechanical engineering
B2 Civil engineering
B3 Electrical and instrumentation and
control engineering
B4 Instrumentation and control in
process systems
Requirements and Tasks

Today's power plant engineering and modern
man/machine communication necessitate a
common language for communication between
all engineering disciplines such as civil engineering, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering and instrumentation and control.
The demand for higher levels of safety and
cost-effectiveness place increasingly stringent
requirements on planning, construction and
operation. Increasing unit power outputs and
higher degrees of automation result in a
pronounced increase in the overall quantity of
data to be handled.
The KKS Identification System for Power Plants

fulfils these requirements. It
Provides a common language for all fields of
application
Offers full coverage and ample reserves for
advances in engineering and new technologies
Can be combined with other coding systems
Is compatible with national (DIN) and international (EC), ISO) standards
Is now in worldwide use.
A uniform coding system tailored to cater for all

associated tasks and applications is consequently imperative for the planning and operation of power plants.
Planning
Licensing
Project engineering
Quality assurance
Construction
Operation
Statistics
Maintenance
Repair of damage
The following requirements were considered

during the development of KKS:
Uniform identification for all types of power
plant and any connected processes
Sufficient capacity and detail for identification of all systems, components and
structures
Sufficient capacity for extension to
accommodate new technologies
The diverse tasks and approaches of the various disciplines called for the development of a
system suitable for coding
Process-related systems
Instrumentation and control functions
Spatial location
Mounting locations in electrical hardware
packaging systems.
Consistent identification for planning, licensing, construction, operation (control room),

maintenance and decommissioning
Interdisciplinary applicability to mechanical,
electrical, instrumentation and control and
civil engineering coupled with identification
according to process function, mounting
location and topographic location
Quality assurance requirements
Requirements for the administration and
documentation of technical documents
Consideration of national and international
standards
Non-language-based coding to ensure international usability
Application in computer processing
Plant design,
mechanical engineering
Plant design,
civil engineering
Plant design,
electrical engineering
Plant design,
instrumentation and
control engineering
System planning
System planning
electrical engineering
System planning
instrumentation and
control engineering
Construction
planning
Plant detailed design

and circuitry, electrical
and instrumentation and
control engineering
Plant detailed design,

Pipework planning
Type and Hierarchy of Identification

KKS comprises three different types of code:
Process-related identification
Process-related identification of systems and items of equipment according
to their functions in mechanical, civil,
electrical and instrumentation and
control engineering
Mounting location identification

Identification of mounting locations of
electrical and instrumentation and
control equipment in mounting units
(e.g. in cabinets, panels, consoles)
Topographic location identification
Identification of topographic locations in
structures, floors, rooms and fire areas.
The structure of the code blocks is the same for all

three types of identification. The code is subdivided
into breakdown levels and denotes progressively
smaller entities from left to right. Mounting location
and topographic location codes do not include the
"component" breakdown level.
DIN 40719, Part 2 uses the coding block "plant" for
the purpose of process-related identification and
the coding block "location" for the purpose of
mounting location identification. DIN 40719 does
not include the mounting location code in the form
used by KKS. If necessary, the individual types of
identification (in accordance with the standard) are
distinguished by prefix symbols ("=" for plant,"+"
for location).
The DIN standard designates the code breakdown
level as "section". The titles of KKS breakdown levels were established before the designations given
in the above DIN standard were stipulated. Renaming was foregone in order to avoid having to make
changes to KKS which was already in use at the
time the DIN standard appeared.
The adjacent diagram shows the content of the
various types of identification.
Total plant
System code
Equipment
unit code
Component
code

Total plant
Mounting
unit cod
Mounting
space code

Total plant
Structure
code
Room
code
2
Breakdown levels
Total plant
System code
Subdivision of a power
Subdivision and numbering
plant into
of plants, systems, sec- Units
tions of plants and subsys- Non-unit-specific plants
tems in
- Plant extensions
- Mechanical engineering
- Electrical engineering
- Instrumentation and
control engineering
- Civil engineering
Equipment unit code

Subdivision and
numbering of
- Mechanical equipment
units
- Electrical and
instrumentation and
control equipment
Examples
Unit
Unit
Unit
Non-unit-specific
Feed pump system

Auxiliary power transformer
Turbine building
Controller cabinet
Temp. measuring circuit

Pum unit
Rolling door
Fan unit
Component code
Subdivision and numbering
of components (equipment
and items) in
- Mechanical engineering
- Electrical and
instrumentation and
control engineering
Subdiv. and numbering of
- Signals
- Signal applications
Temperature sensor
Pump
Motor
Fan

Total plant
Mounting unit code
Mounting space code
As for process-related
code
Coding of electrical and

instrumentation and control
consoles, panels, cabinets
and bays
Subdivision of mounting
spaces (tier, space,
coordinates)

Total plant
Structure code
Room code
As for process-related
code
Coding of structures and

outdoor systems, numbering of floors
Subdivision and
numbering of rooms and
fire areas
Breakdown levels
Application of KKS
This type of identification is used for mechanical,
civil, electrical and instrumentation and control
engineering equipment units and components.
Breakdown levels from different engineering disciplines can be combined where necessary.
Process-related identification is of prime concern
for many applications. It permits, for example, the
correlation of room and mounting space codes for
electrical and instrumentation and control engineering systems or signals output by analog data
signal conditioning equipment. This type of code
also forms the basis for grouping instrumentation
and control systems to form functional units.
Process-related Identification
Topographic location identifiaction
Breakdown levels
Examples illustrating process-related

identification:
Identification of a pump in a
process-related system
Breakdown
level
Example
Total plant
System code
Equipment
unit code
Component
code
Unit A
Spray deluge
system
Pump system
Pump
Application of KKS
Identification of the drive motor of a
rolling door in a structure
Breakdown
level
Examples
Identification of a fan motor on a

transformer
Breakdown
level
Examples
Total plant
System code
Equipment
unit code
Component
code
Unit B
Turbine building
Rolling door
Motor
Total plant
System code
Equipment
unit code
Component
code
Non-unitspecific plant
Start-up
transformer
Fan unit
Motor
Application of KKS
Identification of a local indicator in
a process-related system
Breakdown
level
Examples
Identification of a manual control

pushbutton in a functional group
control
Total plant
System code
Equipment
unit code
Component
code
Unit A
Spray deluge
system
Pressure
measurement
Indicatorr
Breakdown
level
Examples
10
Total plant
System code
Equipment
unit code
Component
code
Unit A
Feedwater supply
Group control
Manual OFF
command
Application of KKS
This type of identification is used for identifying
the mounting locations of electrical and instrumentation and control equipment and devices
in consoles, panels, cabinets and sections of
panels. Breakdown level 3 is not used in this
application.
Breakdown levels
Examples illustrating mounting location identification:

Identification of a medium voltage
switchgear cubicle
DIN 40719 provides for a "location" code block

which is identical to that used in KKS for mounting locations but which is also used for coding
topographic locations such as structures, floors
and rooms. The complexity of power plants and
the depth of identification which this entails,
however, make it necessary for the processrelated and mounting location codes to be
combined to indicate topographic locations in
an independent room code (described below).
In accordance with DIN the mounting location
code is denoted by the "full stop" breakdown
symbol written between breakdown levels 1 and
2. Information on structural items of hardware
packaging systems (consoles, panels, sections
of panels, cabinets) is written to the left of the
full stop, and the mounting locations (tier,
space) of devices and items to the right.
Breakdown
level
Examples
Total plant
Mounting
unit code
Unit A
Medium voltage
switchgear
2
Mounting
space code
11
Application of KKS
Identification of the mounting location
of a plug-in unit in a low voltage
switchgear cabinet
Breakdown
level
Examples
Identification of the mounting location

of an electronic module in a cabinet
Total plant
Mounting
unit code
Mounting
space code
Unit A
Low voltage
switchgear
Tier/space
Breakdown
level
Examples
12
Total plant
Mounting
unit code
Mounting
space code
Unit A
Cabinet functional
complex 4
Tier/space
Application of KKS
Instrumentation and control example
Breakdown
level
Examples
Total plant
Mounting
unit code
Mounting
space code
Unit A
Console, section
Coordinates
13
Application of KKS
Identification of structures/outdoor area, floors/
coordinates, rooms and fire areas is provided to
permit pinpointing of the topographic locations
of systems, plant items and equipment.
Breakdown level 3 is not used in this application.
..Breakdown levels
Example illustrating room

identification:
Identification of a room in the boiler house
14
Breakdown
level
Examples
Total plant
System code
Equipment
unit code
Unit A
Boiler house
Room/
fire area
Structure and Contents

of Breakdown Levels
For reasons of clarity, memorization and uniqueness, the individual breakdown levels are structured alphanumerically with different formats.
Alpha characters are reserved for classification

purposes, numeric characters for numbering;
grouping is possible. No characters may be omitted on any breakdown level.
The meanings of alpha characters are stipulated in

the KKS Key. Mnemonic designations were
avoided to facilitate international use.
3
Breakdown levels
Breakdown level
Character
Designation of character
0
A/N
AAA
2
NN
F0 F1F2F3 FN
A/N
NAAANN
AA NNN A
A1A2
AN
A3
AANNNA
AA
NN
B1B2
BN
AANN
It may be necessary to identify several units, nonunit-specific plants or plant extensions within one
power plant in a manner that clearly denotes them
as separate entities. Breakdown level 0 is provided for this purpose. It is subject to agreement
between all parties to this project. The use of an
alphabetic symbol is recommended since the following character is numeric. This breakdown level
may be omitted if the identifier remains unique.
Unit
A
Unit
B
Unit
C
Non-unit-specific plants Y
15
Structure and Contents of Breakdown Levels

A/N
NAAANN
AANNNA
AANN
Prefix number: Character F0 is used for numbering

similar sections of plants (e.g. identical heat generation systems) in the total plant identified on
breakdown level 0.
Each prefix number applies only to that system or
plant referred to by the following alpha characters
and is not an alternative to the numbering entered
in FN.
A/N
NAAANN
AANNNA
AANN
The alpha characters of this breakdown level

subdivide the total plant into main groups, groups
and subgroups, the numeric characters subdivide
the entity classified by the final alpha character
into sections, parallel trains, cabinets, floors, etc.
Where assignable, the alpha characters including
their interfaces, have been defined in the VGB
key. Any unreserved letters in the function key
must be supplemented on a project-specific basis.
Coding letters and designation of F1 main groups from the Function Key*)
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
J
K
L
M
N
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
*)
16
Grid and distribution systems

Power transmission and auxiliary power supply
Instrumentation and control equipment
Instrumentation and control equipment (for use only when the function codes CM to CT are
insufficient for the identification)
Conventional fuel supply and residues disposal
Handling of nuclear equipment
Water supply and disposal
Conventional heat generation
Nuclear heat generation
Reactor auxiliary systems
Steam-, water-, gas-cycles
Main machine sets
Process energy supply for external users (e. g. district heating)
Cooling water systems
Auxiliary systems
Ancillary systems
Structures
Solar systems
Heavy machinery (not main machine sets)
Workshop and office equipment
These coding letters are also standardized in DIN 40719, Part 2, Appendix C, Table C 1
(except for D and W).
Format and Contents of Breakdown Levels

A/N
NAAANN
AANNNA
AANN
The meaning of the alpha characters (A1A2 of

this breakdown level varies the type of identification. In
Process-related identification they denote
equipment units, instrument/control loops,
analog data conditioning
Mounting location identification they number
coordinates in structural items
Topographic location identification they
denote rooms, fire areas, structure/room
coordinates.
The additional alpha character (A3) is used in
process-related identification to denote items
such as pilot valves, twin thermometers, etc. and
in mounting location identification to denote
non-standard equipment mounting locations.
The numeric characters of this breakdown level
number the entities classified in A2 in all types of
identification.
A/N
NAAANN
AANNNA
AANN
The alpha characters of this breakdown level

classify mechanical, electrical and instrumentation and control components. This permits
identification of every individual power plant
component e.g. pump, fan, motor, valve, amplifier, vessel. In addition, these alpha characters
denote signals and their applications.
The numeric characters of this breakdown level
number the entities classified by the final alpha
character and signals and their applications.
17
Format and Contents of Breakdown Levels

Main groups and prefix symbols for
breakdown levels 2 and 3
The A1- und B1- characters of breakdown level 2
share the letters of the alphabet and special
symbols. A distinction is, however, made between main groups and the "prefix" for instrumentation and control signal identification.
These A1 coding letters are also standardized in
DIN 40719, Part 2, Appendix C, Table C 2.
A/N
Main
groups
Prefixes
18
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
J
NAAANN
AANNNA
Equipment units, driven

Equipment units, not driven
Direct measuring circuits
Closed control loops
Analog data and binary signal conditioning
Indirect measuring circuits
Electrical equipment
Subassemblies of main and heavy machinery
Nuclear assemblies
K
M
Q
-
Mechanical components
Instrumentation and control component (non electrical)
Electrical components
R
S
Rooms (used subject to restriction, see section 4.3.1)

Fire areas
X
Y
Z
Signal origins
Signal application
Gated signals
AANN
Further KKS Applications

KKS as a master coding system
and combination with
other coding systems
The formal/logical structure of KKS makes it suitable for use as basis for coding in computer processing. The identification levels plant/system/
equipment unit/component permit all forms of
evaluation, e.g. with regard to mounting location,
materials, systems.
KKS or portions of the KKS key can also be combined with other coding systems, such as the
Documentation Key (DAS), Type key to permit
correlations for specific tasks, Material Key for
damage statistics.
Additional and special electrical

and instrumentation and control
engineering applications
Identification of connections
Identification of signals
An additional identifier is required in electrical and

instrumentation and control engineering for coding electrical connections to devices, socket connectors, terminal blocks, etc. Connections are
identified in accordance with DIN 40719, Part 2,
using the prefix symbol ":" (colon) in conjunction
with the code block "connection". This dedicated
code block is used in conjunction with breakdown
level 1, 2 or 3 as appropriate to the respective
function concerned.
Breakdown level 3 is used to identify signals in

lieu of components in order to permit coding of
analog and binary signals in instrumentation and
control signal conditioning and processing equipment. The coding letters X, Y and Z are used as
"prefixes" in character B1 for this purpose. X is
used to identify signals (origin), Z to identify combined signals (e.g. gated or calculated) and Y is
used to identify signal application (destination).
Character B2 is used to identify signal areas and
signal application areas and character BN is used
for numbering the entities classified by the character B2. This identifier permits unique identification
and tracing of all signals in circuitry documents.
19

Identification of function
Identification of cables is also patterned after the

basic KKS system. Cable identifiers consist of an
alpha and a numeric element. The alpha element
is that alpha element on breakdown level 1 of the
two cable destinations nearer the beginning of
the alphabet, and the numeric element numbers
the cables. Grouping can be performed to simplify planning, e.g. power cables > 1 kV, 1 kV,
control/instrumentation cables > 60 V, 60 V.
Process-related identification of plants, plant

items and components is based on the respective location in the power plant process, e.g.
valve on the feedwater tank. This identifier frequently does not uniquely indicate function or
functional task. A "functional group" always
comprises a number of items of equipment belonging to various systems with different KKS
codes, e.g. feedwater pump system, piping system, tank, oil supply, cooling water.
In order to correlate the equipment units and
items of such a "functional group", a "functional
group code" can be used for the purposes of
sorting and grouping.
"Functional group codes" are patterned after
KKS. The alpha element of the dominant identifier is selected as the "functional group code".
This application does, however, require the addition of a suitable code (such as a "pseudoprefix" Y to
ensure that a software coding unit is concerned
thus to rule out the possibility of confusion with
process-related codes.
Several functional groups can be combined to
form a functional complex such as in implemented in the TELEPERM ME power plant
process control system.
Example: cabling of final control element

Explanation of characters for example CDB 4027
This form of code is used primarily for identifying documents.
CDB: alpha characters of code nearer the

beginning of the alphabet
4:
cable grouping,
e.g. according to application area
027: cable number
Console
CWA07
CDB4027
Control
interface
cabinet
CDB04
400 VSwitchgear
BFC12
BFC4101
Junction box
CDB4164
GA010
UMA08
LAC4001
20
Final control element

LAC02 AA107
Overview of "Functional Groups" and "Functional Complexes" defined for TELEPERM ME
21
22
KKS-Keys
Summary of the alpha characters stipulated in
the VGB volume "Identification System for
Power Plants, Application Guidelines and Keys
F, A
and B" as generally valid for
Breakdown level 1 (F1F2) for system
identification, mounting unit identification, structure identification
Breakdown level 2 (A1A2) for
equipment unit identification
Breakdown level 3 (B1B2) for

component identification
Breakdown levels
23
Breakdown Level 1
0
1
NAAANN
Power plants
Function key, main groups
Hydro
Steam
conventional
1)
Power transmission and auxiliary power supply 1)
Instrumentation and control equipment 1)
Instrumentation and control equipment 1)
Conventional fuel supply and residues disposal
Main machine sets
Process energy supply for external users (e.g. district heating)
Auxiliary systems
R
S
Ancillary systems
T
Structures 2)
U
V
W Solar systems
X
Heavy machinery (not main machine sets)
Y
Z
1)
2)

Identical coding letters are used for system and mounting unit identification
Identical coding letters are used for system and structure identification
24
nuclear
Breakdown Level 1
25
Breakdown Level 1
0
AB
AC
AD
AE
AF
AG
AH
AJ
AK
AL
AM
AN
AP
AQ
AR
AS
AT
AU
AV
AW
AX
AY
> (420) kV
380-(420) kV
220-(245) kV
110-(150) kV
60-(72) kV
45-(50) kV
30-(35) kV
20-(25) kV
10-(15) kV
6-(5) kV
1-3 kV
< 1 kV
Control consoles
Measuring and metering equipment
Protection equipment
Decentralized panels and cabinets
Transformer equipment
Open-loop control, checkback and auxiliary equipment
Marshalling racks
Instrument panels
Central equipment
Communication equipment
Note:
Characters F2 and F3 are usually
sufficient for identification of
distribution energy systems.
Character F1 = A is only required
for energy distribution systems at
the power plant.
26
1
NAAANN
Breakdown Level 1
Power transmission and
auxiliary power supply
BA
BB
BC
BD
BF
BH
BJ
BL
BM
BN
BP
BR
BT
BU
BV
BW
BX
BY
1
NAAANN
Power transmission
Medium-voltage distribution boards and transformers, normal system
Medium-voltage distribution boards and transformers, general-purpose
Medium-voltage emergency distribution boards and transformers,
(diesel) emergency power system 1
Low-voltage main distribution boards and transformers, normal system
Low-voltage main distribution boards and transformers, general-purpose
Low-voltage subdistribution boards and transformers, normal system
Low-voltage subdistribution boards and transformers, general-purpose
Low-voltage distribution boards and transformers, (diesel) emergency power system 1
Low-voltage distribution boards and transformers, (diesel) emergency power system 2*)
Power installations for large variable-speed drives
Low-voltage distribution boards (converter), emergency power system 1
Battery systems
DC distribution boards, normal system
DC distribution boards, emergency power system 1
DC distribution boards, emergency power system 2*)
Fluid supply system for control and protection equipment
Control and protection equipment
*) Protection against external

impact
27
Breakdown Level 1
0
Instrumentation and control

equipment *)
CA
CB
CC
CD
CE
CF
CG
CH
CJ
CK
CL
CM
CN
CP
CR
CS
CT
CU
CV
CW
CX
CY
Protective interlocks
Functional group control, subloop control
Binary signal conditioning
Drive control interface
Annunciation
Measurement, recording
Closed-loop control (excl. power section)
Protection (excl. reactor protection)
Unit coordination level
Process computer system
Reactor protection
F2 available for
subdivision for
system combinations
Closed-loop control (power section)
Marshalling racks
Control rooms
Local control stations
Communication
equipment
*) Identification of non-dedicated
hardware packaging systems
on priority basis according
to main function
28
1
NAAANN
Breakdown Level 1
equipment
1
NAAANN
(For use only if CM-CT are insufficient for

system combinations)
29
Breakdown Level 1
Conventional fuel supply
and residues disposal
EA
EB
EC
ED
EE
EG
EH
EK
EL
EN
EP
EQ
ER
ET
EU
1
NAAANN
Unloading and storage of solid fuels

Mechanical treatment of solid fuels
(crushing, mixing, drying, etc.)
Distribution of solid fuels
Chemical treatment of solid fuels incl. residues removal
(e.g. desulphurisation plant)
Conversion of solid fuels
Supply of liquid fuels
Chemical treatment of liquid fuels incl. residues removal
Supply of gaseous fuels
Chemical treatment of gaseous fuels incl. residues removal
Supply of other fuels*)
Treatment of other fuels*)
Conversion of other fuels*)
Ignition fuel supply
Ash and slag removal system (from excl. removal equipment)
Treatment and transport system for combustion, fuel treatment, fuel conversion,
flue gas cleaning residues
*) Only to be used if various types of fuel are used in combination
30
Breakdown Level 1
0
FA
FB
FC
FJ
FK
FX
FY
1
NAAANN
Storage of fuel assemblies*)

and other radioactive components
Handling of fuel assemblies*)
and other reactor core internals
Refueling and transport equipment for fuel assemblies*)
and other reactor core internals
Erection and in-service inspection equipment
Decontamination equipment
*) Also includes breeder and reflector assemblies
31
Breakdown Level 1
0
GA
GB
GC
GD
GH
GK
GM
GN
GQ
GR
GT
GU
32
1
NAAANN
Raw water supply

Treatment system (carbonate hardness removal)
incl. cooling tower make-up water treatment system
Treatment system (demineralization)
Treatment system (others)
Distribution systems (not drinking water)
Drinking water supply
Process drainage system
Process drains treatment system
Domestic waste water collection and drainage systems
Domestic waste water treatment system
Water recovery from waste water
Rainwater collection and drainage systems incl. treatment system
Breakdown Level 1
0
HA
HB
HC
HD
HF
HH
HJ
HL
HM
HN
HP
HQ
HR
HS
HT
HU
HY
1
NAAANN
Pressure system
Support structure, enclosure,
steam generator interior
Fireside heat transfer surface cleaning equipment
Ash and slag removal
Bunker, feeder and pulverizing system
Main firing system (electric-powered as well)
Ignition firing equipment (if separate)
Combustion air system (primary air, secondary air)
Gas heating system (for closed cycle)
Flue gas exhaust (without flue gas treatment)
Mechanical dust handling system
Electrostatic precipitator
Chemical flue gas treatment system incl. residues removal,
adsorptive process
Chemical flue gas treatment incl. residues removal,
catalytic process
Chemical flue gas treatment incl. residues removal,
absorptive process
Flue gas reheating system
33
Breakdown Level 1
0
JA
JB
JD
JE
JF
JG
JK
JM
JN
JR
JS
JT
JY
Reactor system
Reactor vessel internals*)
Reactor control and shutdown equipment
Reactor coolant system
Moderator system
Secondary coolant system (applicable only to three-cycle-plants)
Reactor core with appurtenances
Containment and internals
Residual heat removal systems for reactor coolant system
Reactor protection system
Reactor control system
Reactor operational, protective and status limitation system
*) Use JB only if JAC is not sufficient for identification
34
1
NAAANN
Breakdown Level 1
0
KA
KB
KH
KJ
KL
KP
KR
KT
KU
KW
1
NAAANN
Component cooling systems

Coolant treatment
Nuclear heat tracing systems (not electric)
Nuclear refrigerant systems
Heating, ventilation, air-conditioning systems (HVAC) in controlled areas and exclusion areas
Radioactive waste processing
Nuclear gas supply and disposal*)
Nuclear collecting and disposal systems (also venting systems)
Nuclear sampling systems
Nuclear sealing and flushing fluid supply systems
*) See SE for welding blanket gas systems
35
Breakdown Level 1
0
LA
LB
LC
LD
LF
LK
LL
LN
LP
LQ
LR
LS
LY
36
Feedwater system
Steam system
Condensate system
Condensate polishing plant
Common installations for steam-, water-, gas-cycles
Gas system (closed cycle)
Gas cleaning system (only for closed cycle)
Water impounding works for hydroelectric power plant
Intake system for hydroelectric power plant
Tail-race system for hydroelectric power plant
Bypass system for hydroelectric power plant
Common installations for hydroelectric power plant
1
NAAANN
Breakdown Level 1
0
Main machine sets
MA
MB
ME
MF
MG
MJ
MK
ML
MM
MP
MR
MV
MX
MY
1
NAAANN
Steam turbine plant

Gas turbine plant
Hydraulic turbine plant
Pumping turbine plant in pumped-storage power plants
Pumped-storage plant
Diesel engine plant
Generator plant
Electro-motive plant (incl. motor generator)
Compressor plant
Common installations for main machine sets
Gas engine plant
Lubricant supply system
Control fluid supply system
37
Breakdown Level 1
Process energy supply
for external users
(e.g. district heating)
NA
ND
NG
NK
38
Process steam system (incl. condensate return)

Process hot water system
Process air system
Process gas system
1
NAAANN
Breakdown Level 1
0
PA
PB
PC
PD
PE
PF
PG
PH
PJ
PK
PM
PS
PU
1
NAAANN
Circulating (main cooling) water system

Circulating (main cooling) water treatment system
Service (secondary cooling) water system for conventional area
Service (secondary cooling) water treatment system for conventional area
Service (secondary cooling) water system for secured area
Service (secondary cooling) water treatment system for secured area
Closed cooling water system for conventional area
Closed cooling water treatment system for conventional area
Closed cooling water system for secured area
Closed cooling water treatment system for secured area
Closed cooling water system for transformers
Cooling tower blowdown system (if separate from PAB)
Common equipment for cooling water systems
39
Breakdown Level 1
0
Auxiliary systems
QC
QE
QF
QG
QH
QJ
QK
QL
QM
QS
QU
Central chemicals supply

General compressed air and carrier air supply
General control air supply
Central gas supply for closed gas cycles (as working fluid)
Auxiliary steam generating system
Central gas supply*)
Chilled water systems for conventional area
Feedwater, steam, condensate cycle of auxiliary steam generating and distribution system
Air humidifying system
Central oil supply and disposal system
Sampling systems for conventional area
*) Except for welding purposes; see SE
40
1
NAAANN
Breakdown Level 1
0
Ancillary systems
SA
SB
SC
SD
SE
SF
SG
SM
SN
SP
SQ
SR
ST
1
NAAANN
Heating, ventilation, air-conditioning (HVAC) systems for conventional area

Space heating systems
Stationary compressed air supplies
Stationary cleaning systems
Stationary welding gas systems
Heating and fuel gas systems
Stationary fire protection systems
Cranes, stationary hoists and conveying appliances
Elevators
Railway installations
Road traffic installations
Workshop, stores, laboratory equipment and staff amenities inside controlled area
Workshop, stores, laboratory equipment and staff amenities outside controlled area
41
Breakdown Level 1
0
Structures
UA
UB
UC
UE
UF
UG
UH
UJ
UK
UL
UM
UN
UP
UQ
UR
US
UT
UU
UV
UX
UY
UZ
42
1
NAAANN
Structures for grid and distribution systems

Structures for power transmission and auxiliary power supply
Structures for instrumentation and control
Structures for conventional fuel supply and residues disposal
Structures for the handling of nuclear equipment
Structures for water supply and disposal
Structures for conventional heat generation
Structures for nuclear heat generation
Structures for reactor auxiliary systems
Structures for steam, water, gas cycles
Structures for main machine sets
Structures for process energy supply
Structures for circulating (cooling) water systems (e.g. circulating water intake)
Structures for circulating (cooling) water systems (e.g. circulating water pumps and
outfall)
Structures for circulating (cooling) water systems (e.g. recirculation cooling)
Structures for ancillary systems
Structures for auxiliary systems
Shaft structures
Structures for chemical flue gas treatment incl. residues removal (for HR, HS, HT)
Structures for external systems (power plant-specific)
General service structures
Structures for transport, traffic, fencing, gardens and other purposes
Breakdown Level 1
0
Solar systems
WA
WB
WC
WD
WE
WF
WG
WH
WJ
WK
WL
WM
WN
WP
WQ
WR
WS
WT
WV
WW
WX
1
NAAANN
for coordinates
Solar heating system

Sealing fluid supply system
43
Breakdown Level 1
Heavy machinery
(not main machine sets)
XA
XB
XE
XJ
XK
XL
XP
XR
XV
XX
XY
44
Steam turbine plant

Gas turbine plant
Hydraulic turbine plant
Diesel engine plant
Generator plant
Electro-motive plant (incl. motor generator)
Common installations for heavy machinery
Gas engine plant
Control fluid supply system
1
NAAANN
Breakdown Level 1
0
1
NAAANN
Note:
This main group is reserved for power
plant operation, e.g. for identification
or also for allocation of costs for items
necessary for plant operation such as
locomotives, mobile cranes.
45
Breakdown Level 2
Equipment Unit Code
0
2
AANNNA
Equipment unit key, main groups
Mechanical equipment
Direct measuring circuits
Closed loop control
Analog and binary signal conditioning
Indirect measuring circuits
Subassemblies of main and heavy machinery
Nuclear assemblies
46
Breakdown Level 2: Equipment Unit Code

0
AA
AB
AC
AE
AF
AG
AH
AJ
AK
AM
AN
AP
AS
AT
AU
AV
AW
AX
AZ
2
AANNNA
2
AANNNA
Valves, dampers, etc. incl. actuators; also manual

Isolating elements, air locks
Heat exchangers
Turning, driving, lifting and slewing gear (incl. manipulators)
Continous conveyor, feeders (escalators)
Generator units
Heating, cooling units
Size reduction equipment
Compacting, packaging equipment
Mixers, agitators
Compressor units, fans, blowers
Pump units
Adjusting and tensioning equipment*)
Cleaning, drying, filtering, separation equipment
Converters (non electrical), e.g. servomotor
Combustion equipment, e.g. grates
Stationary tooling, treatment equipment
Test and monitoring equipment
Special equipment units
*) Use only if final control element itself forms a structural entity

with another equipment unit.
0
BB
BE
BF
BG
BN
BP
BQ
BR
BS
BT
BU
BY
BZ
Vessels, storage tanks

Shafts (for erection and maintenance only)
Foundations
Boiler heating surfaces
Jet pumps, ejectors, injectors
Flow restrictors and limiters (incl. rupture discs), orifices (not metering orifices)
Hangers, supports, frames, racks, pipe penetrations
Pipings, ductwork, chutes
Silencers
Catalytic converter modules
Insulation, sheating
Mechanically operated controllers (control units)
Special equipment units
47

0
2
AANNNA
2
AANNNA
Direct measuring circuits*)

CD
CE
CF
CG
CK
CL
CM
CP
CQ
CR
CS
CT
CU
CV
CW
CX
CY
Density
Electrical variables
Flow, rate
Distance, length, position
Time
Level
Moisture, humidity
Pressure
Quality variables (analysis, material properties)
Radiation variables
Velocity, speed, frequency
Temperature
Combined variables
Viscosity
Weight, mass
Neutron flux (reactor power)
Vibration, expansion
*) Data unit A 2 to DIN 19227, Sheet 1,

Ed. September 73, Table 1, initial letter
0
Closed loop control circuits*)
DD
DE
DF
DG
DK
DL
DM
DP
DQ
DR
DS
DT
DU
DV
DW
DX
DY
Density
Flow, rate
Time
Level
Moisture, humidity
Pressure
Quality, variables (analysis, material properties)
Radiation variables
Temperature
Combined variables
Viscosity
Weight, mass

48

0
Analog and binary

signal conditioning
EA
EB
EC
ED
EE
EG
EH
EJ
EK
EM
EN
EP
EQ
ER
EU
EW
EX
EY
EZ
2
AANNNA
2
AANNNA
Open-loop control
Subdivision
possible
as required
Alarm, Annunciation
Process computer
Subdivision
possible
as required
Subdivision
possible
as required
Reactor protection
Combined analog and binary signal conditioning
Protection
Subdivision
possible
as required
0
Indirect measuring circuits*)
FD
FE
FF
FG
FK
FL
FM
FP
FQ
FR
FS
FT
FU
FV
FW
FX
FY
Density
Flow, rate
Time
Level
Moisture, humidity
Pressure
Quality variables (analysis, material properties)
Radiation variables
Temperature
Combined variables
Viscosity
Weight, mass

49

0
GA
GB
GC
GD
GE
GF
GG
GK
GM
GP
GQ
GR
GS
GT
GU
GW
GX
GY
GZ
Subdivision
possible
as required
Junction boxes/penetrations, general-purpose
Bushings (penetrations) cable covers
Information display and operator control equipment for process computers
and automation systems
Junction box for light current systems of national telecomunications service
Junction box for lighting
Power sockets
DC generating equipment (batteries)
Switchgear equipment (if not identified under process equipment)
Transformer equipment
Converter equipment
Cabinet power supply equipment
Actuating equipment (electrical variables)
Junction box for light current systems (not of national telecomunication service)
Supports, frames, instrument racks
Machine stationary assembly

Machine rotating assembly
Bearing assembly
*) Only to be used in conjunction with

M = Main machines sets and X = Heavy machinery
50
Junction boxes/penetrations
Subassembly for
main- and heavy machinery*)
HA
HB
HD
2
AANNNA
2
AANNNA

0
Nuclear assemblies
JA
JB
JC
JD
JE
JF
JG
JM
JN
JS
JZ
2
AANNNA
Absorber assemblies
Fuel assemblies*)
Breeder assemblies
Flow restrictor (assemblies)
Burnable absorber assemblies
Reflector assemblies
Plenum assemblies
Moderator assemblies
Neutron sources
Shielding equipment
Special assemblies
*) Also includes block-type, cluster-type

and spherical fuel elements
51
Breakdown Level 3
Component Code
0
3
AANN
Component Key, Main Groups
Instrumentation and control component (non electrical)
52
Breakdown Level 3: Component Code

0
3
AANN
3
AANN
KA
KB
KC
KE
KF
KH
KJ
KK
KM
KN
KP
KT
KU
KV
KW
KX
KZ
Gate valves, globe valves, dampers, cocks etc.

Gates, doors
Heat exchangers
Turning, driving, lifting and slewing gear
Continuous conveyors, feeders (escalators)
Heaters, coolers
Size deduction machines
Compacting, packaging machines
Mixer, agitators
Compressors, blowers, fans
Pumps
Cleaning machines, driers, separators, filters
Converters e.g. servo-mechanismus
Burner, grates
Stationary tooling, treatment machines
Stationary testing machines
Special components
0
MB
MF
MG
MK
MM
MR
MS
MT
MU
Brakes
Foundations
Gearboxes
Clutches, couplings
Engines
Piping components
Positioners (not electrical)
Turbines
Transmission gear
53
Breakdown Level 3: Component Code

components (non electrical)
QB
QH
QN
QP
QR
QS
QT
QU
3
AANN
3
AANN
Sensors
(only if not structurally integral with QP)
Signalling devices
Controllers
Measuring instruments, testing equipment
Instrument piping
Condensation chambers
Thermowells, pockets (only for protection of sensor)
Converters
0
-A
-B
-C
-D
-E
-F
-G
-H
-K
-L
-M
-N
-P
-Q
-R
-S
-T
-U
-V
-W
-X
-Y
-Z
54
Assemblies and sub-assemblies

Transducers from non-electric to electric variables and vice-versa
Capacitors
Binary elements, delay devices, memory devices
Special components
Protective devices
Generators, power supplies
Signalling devices
Relays, contactors
Inductors
Motors
Amplifiers, controllers
Measuring instruments, testing equipment
Power switchgear
Resistors
Switches, selectors
Transformers
Modulators, converters from electric to electric variables
Tubes, semiconductors
Transmission path, waveguides, antennae
Terminals, plugs, sockets
Electric positioners, e.g. solenoids (not motors)
Terminations, balancing equipment, filters, limiters
Servicing of KKS is performed within the VGB

Main Committee on "Thermal Power Plants" by
the committee on "Engineering Classification
Systems". The three subcommittees on
"Mechanical and Civil Engineering", "Nuclear
Engineering" and "Electrical and Instrumentation
and Control Engineering" report to this technical
committee.
The results of these efforts are published in the
KKS Manual Identification System for Power
Plants
Application Guidelines
Function, Equipment Unit and Component Keys
and in the KKS Application Commentaries. The
information from the keys collated in this document comprises excerpts from the manual.
The Manual and the KKS Application Guidelines
can be ordered from:
VGB-Kraftwerkstechnik GmbH
- Verlag techn.-wissenschaftlicher Schriften Klinkestrae 27-31
4300 Essen
West Germany
The technical committe on "Engineering Classification Systems" will make the appropriate additions and alterations to the guidelines and keys tc
reflect future advances in power plant engineering. Siemens is a member of this committee. Queries may be directed to
Siemens AG
Systems Development
Engineering Data Processing
Mozartstrasse 33 b
8520 Erlangen
Siemens AG
Systems Development
Design and Circuitry
Ostliche Rheinbriickenstrasse 50
7500 Karlsruhe 21
Siemens AG
Systems Engineering and I & C
Operational Systems
Hammerbacher Strae 12+14
8520 Erlangen
Siemens AG
Engineering Services
Hammerbacher Strae 12+14
8520 Erlangen
Please submit suggestions for further development of the system to the members of the
committee themselves or to the publishers
VGB-Kraftwerkstechnik GmbH.
55

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Contents

Requirements and tasks

Type and hierarchy of identification

Structure and contents of breakdown levels

Further KKS applications

Identification System for Power Plants

KKS was published by the VGB-Verlag in 1978 (first

Requirements and Tasks

The KKS Identification System for Power Plants

A uniform coding system tailored to cater for all

The following requirements were considered

Consistent identification for planning, licensing, construction, operation (control room),

Plant detailed design

Plant detailed design,

Type and Hierarchy of Identification

Mounting location identification

The structure of the code blocks is the same for all

Mounting location identification

Topographic location identification

Equipment unit code

Feed pump system

Temp. measuring circuit

Mounting location identification

Mounting unit code

Mounting space code

Coding of electrical and

Topographic location identification

Coding of structures and

Mounting location identification

Topographic location identifiaction

Examples illustrating process-related

Identification of a fan motor on a

Identification of a manual control

Mounting location identification

Topographic location identifiaction

Examples illustrating mounting location identification:

DIN 40719 provides for a "location" code block

Identification of the mounting location

Mounting location identification

Topographic location identifiaction

Example illustrating room

Structure and Contents

Alpha characters are reserved for classification

Mounting location identification

Topographic location identifiaction

The meanings of alpha characters are stipulated in

Structure and Contents of Breakdown Levels

Prefix number: Character F0 is used for numbering

The alpha characters of this breakdown level

Grid and distribution systems

Format and Contents of Breakdown Levels

The meaning of the alpha characters (A1A2 of

The alpha characters of this breakdown level

Format and Contents of Breakdown Levels

Equipment units, driven

Rooms (used subject to restriction, see section 4.3.1)

Further KKS Applications

Additional and special electrical

An additional identifier is required in electrical and

Breakdown level 3 is used to identify signals in

Further KKS Applications

Identification of cables is also patterned after the

Process-related identification of plants, plant