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OracleinterviewquestionsApril17,2013at01:16PM
byKshipraSingh

1.Explain:a.)IntegrityConstraints
Itcanbecalledasadeclarativewayinordertodefinea
businessruleforatable'scolumn

TestOracleskillsNew
MoreOracleFAQs
Oracleprocesses
Oraclememoryarea
Oraclefiletypes
Oracledatabaseobjects

b.)Index

Oracleoperators

Itcanbecalledasanoptionalstructurewhichisassociated
withatablefordirectaccesstotherows
Indexcanbecreatedforoneormorecolumnsinatable

Oraclecomposite

c.)Extent

Oracledatatypes

Itcanbedefinedasaspecificnumberofcontiguousdata
blocksinsingleallocation.
Itisusedtostoreaspecifictypeofinformation.

OracleDCLandTCL

2.WhatisANALYZEcommandusedfor?
ANALYZEcommandisusedtoperformvariousfunctionson
index,table,orcluster,aslistedbelow:
Ithelpsindentifyingmigratedandchainedrowsofthetableor
cluster.
Ithelpsinvalidatingthestructureoftheobject.
Ithelpsincollectingthestatisticsaboutobjectusedbythe
optimizer.Theyarethenstoredinthedatadictionary.
Ithelpsindeletingstatisticsusedbyobjectfromthedata
dictionary.

Oracleconstraints

OracleDMLcommands
Oracleerrorhandling
Oraclefunctions
Oracleprocedure,package
Oracleimportandexport
Oraclesubqueries
Oracletable
Oracletriggers
Oracleviews

Oraclesynonym
Placementpracticetest:Java|SAP|.NET|Oracle|SqlServer|QA|Aptitude|Networking|AllSkills

Oracle11gdbainterviewquestionsandanswers50questions

Oracleindexes

TestyourOracleskills:

Oraclejoins

Oracleinterviewtestpart1(40questions)
OracleDBAinterviewtest(30questions)
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OracleReplicationinterviewtest(20questions)
OracleArchitectureinterviewtest(20questions)
OracleTransactioninterviewtest(20questions)

Oraclecursors

3.a.)ListthetypesofjoinsusedinwritingSUBQUERIES.

Oracleform
Oraclesecurity
Oraclesystemprivilege
Oracleobjectprivileges
Oracletableprivileges

Selfjoin
OuterJoin
Equijoin

Oracleviewprivileges

b.)ListthevariousOracledatabaseobjects.

OracleDBA

TABLES
VIEWS
INDEXES
SYNONYMS
SEQUENCES

OraclePL/SQL

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Oraclebackup&recovery

Oraclenestedtable&varrays
Oraclelargeobjects

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TABLESPACES

Oraclereplication

4.a.)Explaini.)Renameii.)Alias.

Oracletransaction

RenameItisapermanentnameprovidedtoatableorcolumn.
AliasItisatemporarynameprovidedtoatableorcolumnwhichgetsoveraftertheexecutionofSQLstatement.

Oracleoptimizer

b.)Whatisaview?

Oraclebackup

Itisvirtualtablewhichisdefinedasastoredprocedurebasedononeormoretables.

Oracledatabasetuning

5.a.)WhatarethevaroiuscomponentsofphysicaldatabasestructureofOracledatabase?
Oracledatabasecomprisesofthreekindsoffiles:
Datafiles,
Redologfiles,
Controlfiles.

b.)ListoutthecomponentsoflogicaldatabasestructureofOracledatabase.
Tablespaces
Database'sschemaobjects.

6.a.)Whatdoyoumeanbyatablespace?
ThesearetheLogicalStorageUnitsintowhichadatabaseisdivided.
Itisusedtogrouptogethertherelatedlogicalstructures.

b.)WhatisControlFileusedfor?
ControlFileisusedfor:
Databaserecovery.
WheneveraninstanceofanORACLEdatabasebegins,itscontrolfileisusedtoidentifythedatabaseandredologfilesthatmustbe
openedfordatabaseoperationtogoahead.

7.a.)Whatisasynonym?Whatareitsvarioustypes?
Asynonymcanbecalledasanaliasforatable,view,sequenceorprogramunit.Itisbasicallyoftwotypes:
PrivateOnlytheownercanaccessit.
PublicCanbeaccessedbyanydatabaseuser.

Oracleauditing

Oracleapplicationtuning
Oracleprocedures
Oraclefunctions
Oracleloops
Oracleexceptions
OracleSelectintoclause
Oraclestringfunctions
Oraclenumericfunctions
Oracledatefunctions
Oracletranslateanddecode
Oraclecorrelatedsubqueries
Oracleunion,intersect,minus
Oracleclusters
Oraclesequences
Oracletablespaces
Oracleobjectdatatypes
OracleTutorial

b.)Whataretheusesofsynonyms?
Masktherealnameandownerofanobject.
Providepublicaccesstoanobject
Providelocationtransparencyfortables,viewsorprogramunitsofaremotedatabase.
SimplifytheSQLstatementsfordatabaseusers.

8.)Whatdoyoumeanbyadeadlock?
Whentwoprocessesarewaitingtoupdatetherowsofatablewhicharelockedbyanotherprocess,thesituationiscalledadeadlock.
Thereasonsforittohappenare:
lackofproperrowlockcommands.
Poordesignoffrontendapplication
Itreducestheperformanceoftheserverseverely.
Theselocksgetautomaticallyreleasedautomaticallywhenacommit/rollbackoperationisperformedoranyprocessiskilledexternally.

9.)a.)Whatsuggestionsdoyouhavetoreducethenetworktraffic?
Followingaresomeoftheactionswhichcanbetakentoreducethenetworktraffic:
Usesnapshotstoreplicatedata.
Useremoteprocedurecalls.
Replicatedataindistributedenvironment.

b.)Whatarethevarioustypesofsnapshots?
Therearetwotypesofsnapshots:
SimplesnapshotsBasedonaquerythatdoesnotcontainGROUPBYclauses,CONNECTBYclauses,JOINs,subqueryorsnashotof
operations.
Complexsnapshotswhichcontainsatleastanyoneoftheabove.

10.)Whatisasubquery?Whatareitsvarioustypes?
SubQueryalsotermedasNestedQueryorInnerQueryisusedtogetdatafrommultipletables.
Asubqueryisaddedinthewhereclauseofthemainquery.
Therecanbetwotypesofsubqueries:
a.)Correlatedsubquery
Itcanreferencecolumninatablelistedinthefromlistoftheouterquerybutisnotasindependentasaquery..
b.)NonCorrelatedsubquery

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Resultsofthissubqueryaresubmittedtothemainqueryorparentquery.
Itisindependentlikeaquery

11.)Willyoubeabletostorepicturesinthedatabase?Explain.
Yes,picturescanbestoredinthedatabaseusingLongRawDatatype.
Thisdatatypeisusedtostorebinarydatafor2gigabytesoflength.
However,thetablecanhaveonlyoneLongRawdatatype.

12.)Explain:a.)Integrityconstraint.
Itisadeclarationdefinedinabusinessruleforatablecolumn.
Integrityconstraintensurestheaccuracyandconsistencyofdatainadatabase.
ItisofthreetypesnamelyDomainIntegrity,ReferentialIntegrityandDomainIntegrity.

b.)COALESCEfunction
Thisfunctionisusedtoreturnthevaluewhichissetnottobenullinthelist.
IncaseallvaluesinthelistarenullthecoalescefunctionwillreturnNULL.
Itsrepresentation:
Coalesce(value1,value2,value3,)

13.)Explainthefollowing:a.)BLOBdatatype.
Itisadatatypewithvaryinglengthbinarystring,usedtostoretwogigabytesmemory.
ForBLOB,thelengthneedstobespecifiedinbytes.

b.)DML.
DMLitisalsotermedasDataManipulationLanguage(DML).
Itisusedtoaccessandmanipulatedataintheexistingobjects.
DMLstatementsareinsert,select,updateanddelete.

14.)Differentiatebetween:a.)TRANSLATEandREPLACE.
Translateisusedtosubstitutecharacterbycharacter.
Replaceisusedtosubstituteasinglecharacterwithaword.

b.)WhatisMergeStatementusedfor?
Mergestatementisusedtoselectrowsfromoneormoredatasourcetoupdatingandinsertintoatableoraview.

15.)WhatarethevariousOracleDatabaseobjects?
Variousdatabaseobjectsareasfollows:
TablesThisisasetofelementsorganizedinverticalandhorizontalfashion.
TablespacesThisisalogicalstorageunitinOracle.
ViewsItisvirtualtablederivedfromoneormoretables.
IndexesThisisaperformancetuningmethodtoprocesstherecords.
SynonymsThisisanamefortables.
Sequences.

16.WhatisthepurposeofSavePointsinOracledatabase?
SavePointsareusedtodivideatransactionintosmallerphases.
Itenablesrollingbackpartofatransaction.
Maximum5savepointsareallowedinOracleDatabase.
Wheneveranerrorisencountered,itispossibletorollbackfromthepointwheretheSAVEPOINThasbeensaved.

17.a.)WhatisanALERT?
Itawindowwhichappearsonthescreenoverlayingaportionofthecurrentdisplay.

b.)Differentiatebetweenpostdatabasecommitandpostformcommit.
Thepostdatabasecommittriggerisfiredafteroracleformsissuethecommittofinalizedtransactions.
Thepostformcommitisfiredduringthepostandcommittransactionsprocess,afterthedatabasecommitoccurs.

18.Differentiatebetweenpreselectandprequery.
OnceoracleformsconstructtheselectstatementtobeissuedPreselectisfiredduringtheexecutequeryandcountqueryprocessing.All
thishappensbeforethestatementisactuallyissued.
Theprequerytriggerisfiredjustbeforeoracleformsissuetheselectstatementtothedatabase.

19.Whatishotbackupandlogicalbackup?
Hotbackup
BackingupthearchivelogfileswhendatabaseisopeniscalledHotbackup.
Todothis,theARCHIVELOGmodeisenabled.
FollowingfilesarebackedupAlldatafiles,Archivelog,redologfilesandcontrolfiles.
Logicalbackup
Logicalbackipisreadingasetofdatabaserecordsandwritingthemintoafile.

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AnExportutilityisrequiredtotakethebackupwhileanImportutilityisrequiredtorecoverfromthebackup.

20.WhatdoyoumeanbyRedoLogfilemirroring?
Theprocessofhavingacopyofredologfilesiscalledmirroring.
Itisdonebycreatinggroupoflogfilestogether.ThisensuresthatLGWRautomaticallywritesthemtoallthemembersofthecurrentonline
redologgroup.
Incaseagroupfails,thedatabaseautomaticallyswitchesovertothenextgroup.Itdiminishestheperformance.

DownloadOracleinterviewquestionsandanswerspdf
Explainthedifferencebetweentriggerandstoredprocedure.
Latestanswer:Triggerinactwhichisperformedautomaticallybeforeorafteraeventoccur.Storedprocedureisasetoffunctionalitywhich
isexecutedwhenitisexplicitlyinvoked.................
Readanswer

ExplainRowlevelandstatementleveltrigger.
Latestanswer:RowLevelTriggerisfiredeachtimerowisaffectedbyInsert,UpdateorDeletecommand.Ifstatementdoesntaffectany
row,notriggeractionhappens................
Readanswer

OracleinterviewquestionsJan04,2011at05:16PMbyRahul
WriteaPL/SQLprogramforatrigger.
Latestanswer:PL/SQLprogramfortrackingoperationonaemptable
CreateorReplaceTriggerEmpTracking
BeforeInsertorDeleteorUpdateonEmp..................
Readanswer

Advantageofastoredprocedureoveradatabasetrigger.
Latestanswer:StoredprocedureisasetofprecompiledSQLstatements,executedwhenitiscalledintheprogram.Triggersaresimilarto
storedprocedureexceptitisexecutedautomaticallywhenanyoperationsareoccurredonthetable..................
Readanswer

Whatarecascadingtriggers?
Latestanswer:ATriggerthatcontainsstatementswhichcauseinvokingofotherTriggersareknownascascadingtriggers.Herestheorder
ofexecutionofstatementsincaseofcascadingtriggers:................
Readanswer

Oracleinterviewquestionsandanswersforfreshersandexperienced
Relationaldatabase
WhatisRationaldatabase?Flatdatabasevs.Rationaldatabase
FeaturesofRationaldatabase
Dr.Codddefinedthirteenstandardswhichmustbemetbeforeadatabasecanbeconsideredtobearelationaldatabase.Whatwasthat?
Explainhowdataisarrangedinarationaldatabasewithanexample..............
Datamanipulationlanguage
OverviewofDataManipulationLanguage
ExplainhowtoretrieveinformationusingSELECT.
AddinformationusingINSERT
ChangeinformationusingUPDATE
RemoveinformationusingDELETE
UseSubqueriesasyoursearchcondition............
Oracledisplaying&aggregatingdata
WhatareaggregatefunctionsinSQL?Whatarethosefunctions?
UsingROLLUPtoaggregatedatainSQL
Define,syntaxandanexamplewithoutputfor:SUMfunction,AVG(average)function,COUNTfunction,MaxandMinfunction..............
SQLnumberfunctions
Define,syntaxandanexamplewithoutputfor:ABS(number),CEIL(number),FLOOR(number),MOD(number,divisor),POWER(number,
power),SIGN(number),ROUND(number,precision),SQRT(number),TRUNC(number,precision).....................
SQLsinglerowcharacter
CONCAT(string1,string2),INITCAP(string),LENGTH(string),LPAD(string,#,padding_char),RPAD(string,#,padding_char),
LTRIM(string,searchString),RTRIM(string,searchString),REPLACE(string,searchString,replacement),SUBSTR(string,start,length),
UPPER(string),LOWER(string)...........

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SQLsinglerowdatefunctions
SYSDATE,ADD_MONTHS(Date,months_to_add),LAST_DAY(Date),MONTHS_BETWEEN(Date1,Date2)...........
Subqueries
ExplainsubquerieswithanexampleAsubqueryisaquerywithinaquery.Theinnerqueryisprocessedfirst.Theyaremostcommonly
usedtoreturndatafrommultipletableswhentheexactvalueisnotknown...............
SQL*Plus
WhatisSQL*Plus?Explainitsfeatures
ExplainhowtousetheSQL*Plusutility.
WhatarethebasicSQL*Pluscommands?
WhatisAFIEDT.BUF?
Differencebetween?andHELP.
ExplainhowtoenabletheSQL*PlusHELPfacility.
Differencebetween@and@@.
Differencebetween&and&&.
Differencebetween!andHOST
HowcanonepreventSQL*Plusconnectionwarningmessages?............
Oracledatabasetables
WhatisaDatabaseTable?
HowmanytypesoftablessupportedbyOracle?Explainthem.
Canyouexplainhowtocreateaaewtableinyourschema?
Explainwithanexamplehowtocreateanewtablebyselectingrowsfromanothertable.
Depictasamplescriptforrenaminganexistingtable.
Samplescripttodropanexistingtable.
HowtoAddanewcolumntoanexistingtable?...........
Oracleconstraints
Oracleconstraintsoverview.Whatarethetypesofconstraintsavaialableinoracle
ExplainOracle"Check"constraint.
ExplainNotNullconstraint.
Explainprimarykeyconstraint.
Explainoracleforeignkeyconstraint.
ExplainuniqueConstraint.
Explainwithanexamplehowtoalteroracletableconstraint..........
Restrictingandsortingdatainoracle
Explainhowtolimittherowsthatareretrievedbyaquery.
Explainhowtosorttherowsthatareretrievedbyaquery.
Whatarethecomparisonoperatorsinoracle.Listthemwithdescription...............
Workingwithmultipletablesjoins
Whatarejoins?Explainitscharacteristicfeatures
Typesofjoins.Define,writesyntaxandanexampleforeachtype............
Workingwithmultipletables
Definesubquery.Explainwithanexample
Whatiscorrelatedquery?Explainitsuses.
WhatareSetOperators?Explainunionandunionallwithanexampleforeach...........
PL/SQL
DefinePL/SQL.Explainitspurpose
AdvantagesofPL/SQL
MainFeaturesofPL/SQL
PL/SQLArchitecture
BasicStructureofPL/SQL
VariablesandTypes............
PL/SQLcontrolstructures
Conditionalcontrol:IFandCASEStatements.
IterativeControl:LOOPandEXITStatements.
GOTOstatementtakesthecontroltothelabeledstatement...........
PL/SQLcollections
WhatisaCollection?

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NestedTablesvs.AssociativeArrays
NestedTablesvs.Varrays
Explainthemethodsexistforcollections.EXISTS,COUNT,LIMIT,FIRSTandLAST,PRIORandNEXT,EXTEND,TRIM,DELETE..............
PL/SQLrecorddatatype
WhatisaPL/SQLRecorddatatype?
DefineanddeclareRecords
DifferentTypesofRecordsTablebased,Cursorbased,Programmerdefined
BenefitsofusingRecords
GuidelinesforusingRecords...........
PL/SQLcursors
WhatareCursors?
Definecursorattributes:%FOUND,%NOTFOUND,%ROWCOUNT,and%ISOPEN
Whatarecursorvariables?Explainwithanexample
SignificanceofSELECTFORUPDATEclause.Writesyntax
SignificanceofWHERECURRENTOFclause.Writesyntax.........
PL/SQLerrorhandling
OverviewofPL/SQLErrorHandling
AdvantagesofPL/SQLExceptions
ExplainsomeofthecommonlyusedPredefinedPL/SQLExceptions.
Whatisuserdefinedexception?Explainitwithanexample.
ExplainhowPL/SQLexceptionsareraised.........
PL/SQLsubprograms
WhatarePL/SQLSubprograms?
AdvantagesofPL/SQLSubprograms.
PL/SQLhastwotypesofsubprogramscalledproceduresandfunctions.Explainthem.
Howdoessubprogrampassinformation?Whatareactualandformalsubprogramparameters?Explainwithanexample
Definethreeparametermodes,IN(thedefault),OUT,andINOUTthatcanbeusedwithanysubprogram............
PL/SQLpackages
WhatisaPL/SQLpackage?
AdvantagesofPL/SQLPackages
WhatarethetypesandlayersofPackages?Explainthem
PL/SQLPackagesfeatures
Guidelinesforwritingpackages........
PL/SQLtriggers
WhatisaTrigger?SyntaxofTriggers
TypesofPL/SQLTriggers
Howtoobtaininformationaboutanytrigger?
WhatisCYCLICCASCADINGinaTRIGGER?............
PL/SQLsequences
DefinePL/SQLsequencesandwritesyntaxforasequence
HowdowesettheLASTVALUEvalueinanOracleSequence?
Whatdoescacheandnocacheoptionsmeanwhilecreatingasequence?.........
Oracle/PLSQLindexes
WhatisanIndex?ExplainhowtocreateanIndex.
WhatisFunctionBasedIndex?CreateaFunctionBasedIndex........
Usersinoracle
Typesofusersalocaluser,anexternaluser,oraglobaluser
ExplainhowtocreateusersthroughSqlPlus.
HowtodeleteanOracleapplicationsuser?...........
Oracledatabaseperformancetuning
Explainthepurposeoftuningoracledatabase.
Couldyouexplaintheareaswheretuningofdatabaseisrequired?
Whatarethetoolsprovidedbyoracletoassistperformacetuning?Explaintheminbrief
Whatiscostbasedoptimization?Whenisittriggered?
Explainthefactorthatcancausetheexecutionplanofaquerytochange
Whatisindexmonitoringfeatureinoracle?Explainhowtouseitforindexoptimization...........

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Oracleadvancedreplication
Whatisreplication?Explainitspurpose.
OracleServersupportstwodifferentformsofreplication:basicandadvancedreplication.Explaindifferencebetweenthese.
Whatisthedifferencebetweenasnapshotandamaterializedview?
Describehowtoimplementbasicsnapshotreplication.
Whatobjecttypescanandcannotbereplicatedinoracle?
Describehowtomonitorreplication.............
Oracleforms
Whatisoracleformsandwhatisitusedfor?
Explainhowtoiteratethroughitemsandrecordsinaspecifiedblockinoracleform.
Howtobypasstheoracleloginscreen.........
OracleHTTPServer(Apache)
WhatistheOracleHTTPServer?Howdoesitwork?
ExplainhowtostartandstoptheOracleHTTPServer.
ExplainhowtopublishstaticHTMLpagesontheOracleHTTPServer.
ExplainhowtoexecutestandardCGIBINprogramsfromtheOracleHTTPServer.
Explainhowtopasswordprotectcertaindirectories...........
Oracleexportandimportutilities
Whatisimport/export?Explainitsusage.
Explainhowtousetheimport/exportutilities.
Canweexportasubsetofatable?Explainhow
Canwemonitorhowfastatableisimported?How?
Explainhowtoimporttablestoadifferenttablespace?
ExplainhowtoimproveImport/Exportperformance?
DescribethecommonImport/Exportproblems...........
OracleODBCconnectivity
WhatisODBC?Explainitspurposes
DifferencebetweenODBCandNet8.
WhatdoIneedtogetODBCtowork?
ExplainhowtocreateaDataSource.
ExplainhowtotraceODBCcalls.
WhatisODBCSQLPASSTHROUGHoption?
HowtoattachanOracletableinMSAccess?
ExplainhowtogetOracledataintoMSExcel...........
Personaloraclelite(POL)
HowcompatibleisOracleLitewiththestandardoracleserver?
Whatispersonaloraclelite?
ExplainhowtoconnecttoaPOLdatabase
ExplainhowtowriteJavaStoredProcedures
ExplainhowtoreplicatedatausingOracleLite.............
Oracledatabasebackupandrecovery
WhyandwhenshouldIbackupmydatabase?
WhatstrategiesareavailableforbackingupanOracledatabase?
Differencebetweenonlineandofflinebackups.
Differencebetweenrestoringandrecovering
Explainhowtobackupadatabaseusingtheexportutility
ExplainhowtoputadatabaseintoARCHIVELOGmode
Explainhowtodoofflinedatabasebackups..........
Oracledatabase
Explainhowtocreateanewdatabase
Explainhowtorenameadatabase
Explainhowtoresizetablespacesanddatafiles
Explainhowtofindtheoveralldatabasesize
Explainhowtofindused/freespaceinaTEMPORARYtablespace
WhatisORADEBUG?Explainitsuses?
Explainhowtodumpinternaldatabasestructures...........
Oracleparallelquery(OPQ)
WhatisOracleParallelQuery?
DifferencebetweenParallelQueryandParallelServer
ExplainhowtoinvokeParallelQuery
ExplainhowtodisableParallelQuery
CansingleprocessorsystemsbenefitfromParallelQuery?Explain..........

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Oraclewebcache
WhatistheOracleWebCache?
DifferencebetweentheDatabaseandWebCache
ExplainhowtoinstallandconfiguretheWebCache
ExplainhowtostopandstarttheWebCache..............
Oraclespatial
WhatisOracleSpatial?
DifferencebetweenOracleSpatialandLocator
DifferencebetweentheRelationalandObjectSpatialmodel
ExplainhowtoinstallOracleSpatial...........
Oraclerealapplicationclusters
WhatisRACandhowisitdifferentfromnonRACdatabases?
CananyapplicationbedeployedonRAC?Explain
ExplainhowtoconvertasingleinstancedatabasetoRAC
HowdowestopandstartRACinstances?
CanwetestifadatabaseisrunninginRACmode?How?
Howcanwekeeptrackofactiveinstances?.........
Peoplesoftonoracle
WhatisaPeopleSoftdatabase?
HowdoesthePeopleSoftdatabaseinteractwiththeOracledatabase?
WhatistheorderofinstallingPeopleSoftonOracle?
HowcantheclientworkstationconnecttoaPeopleSoftdatabase?
WhatisthesizingofagenericPeopleSoftHRMSdatabase?..........
WhatisaJOIN?ExplaintypesofJOINinoracle.
Latestanswer:AJOINisusedtomatch/equatedifferentfieldsfrom2ormoretablesusingprimary/foreignkeys.Outputisbasedontypeof
Joinandwhatistobequeries......................
Readanswer

Whatisajoin,explainthetypesofjoins?
Latestanswer:Ajoinisaquerythatextractsdatafromtwoormoretables,viewsorsnapshots...........
Readanswer

Explainthetypesofjoins.
Latestanswer:Typesofjoinsare:Equijoins,Nonequijoins,selfjoin,outerjoin.AJoinisusedtocreatequeryusingtwoormoretablesand
views..........
Readanswer

Whatisobjectdatatypeinoracle?
Latestanswer:Objectdatatypeiscreatedusingobjecttypeinoracle.TheobjectdatatypecanonlybecreatedusingSQLdatatypesuch
asNumber,Varchar2,Dateetc.................
Readanswer

Whatiscompositedatatype?
Latestanswer:CollectionsareusuallyreferredtoasCompositeDatatypes.Compositetypeisonethathascomponentsinit.Avariableofa
compositetypecontainsoneormorescalartypes................
Readanswer

DifferencesbetweenCHARandNCHARinOracle.
Latestanswer:CHARandNCHARarecharacterdatatypeswhichandhaveafixedlength.However,CHARhasaspecifiedsizeinbytesby
defaultandNCHARhasasizespecifiedincharactersbydefault................
Readanswer

DifferencesbetweenCHARandVARCHAR2inOracle.
Latestanswer:CHARvalueshaveafixedlength.Theyarepaddedwithspacecharacterstomatchthespecifiedlength...........
Readanswer

DifferencesbetweenDATEandTIMESTAMPinOracle
Latestanswer:TIMESTAMPandDATEvaryinformatsasfollows:DATEstoresvaluesascentury,year,month,date,hour,minute,and
second............
Readanswer

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DefineCLOBandNCLOBdatatypes.
Latestanswer:BothCLOBandNCLOBareusedtostorehugecharacterdatainthedatabase,CLOBsstoresinglebytecharacterset
data............
Readanswer

WhatistheBFILEdatatypes?
Latestanswer:TheBFILEdatatypeisusedtostoreunstructuredbinarydataoutsidethedatabase.ThecolumnofBFILEtypestoresfile
locatorthatpointstheOSfilewhichactuallystoresdata...........
Readanswer

WhatisVarrays?
Latestanswer:Varrays,variablelengtharrayisquitesimilartoarrayofC++orJava.Ithasfixedupperboundsizethathastobespecified
whileitisdeclared..........
Readanswer

WhatareLOBdatatypes?
Latestanswer:TheLOBdatatypessuchasBLOB,CLOB,NCLOBandBFilecanstorelargeblocksofunstructureddatasuchasgraphics,
image,videoclipsetc............
Readanswer

Whatisacursor?Whatareitstypes?
Latestanswer:Oracleengineusesprivateworkingareatoprocessqueries.Thisworkareaiscalledascursor.Thedatathatisstoredinthe
cursoriscalledasActiveDataSet.............
Readanswer

Explaintheattributesofimplicitcursor
Latestanswer:Therearefourattributesofimplicitcursorinoracle:SQL%IsOPENImplicitcursoralwaysreturnsFALSEasitgetsclosed
automatically...........
Readanswer

Explaintheattributesofexplicitcursor.
Latestanswer:Therearefourattributesofexplicitcursorinoracle.%IsOPENThisevaluatesTRUEwhencursorisopenelseFALSE..........
Readanswer

WhatistherefcursorinOracle?
Latestanswer:Cursorisareferencetypeinoracle.Wecanallocatedifferentstoragelocationstothecursorwhentheprogramruns............
Readanswer

Whatarethedrawbacksofacursor?
Latestanswer:Implicitcursorsarelessefficientthanexplicitcursors,Implicitcursorsaremorevulnerabletodataerrors..................
Readanswer

Whatisacursorvariable?
Latestanswer:AcursorvariableiscapabletogetassociatedwithdifferentSELECTstatementsatruntime.Itisareferencetypewhichis
quitesimilartopointerinC.Inordertousecursorvariable...........
Readanswer
Businessobjectinterviewquestions
Latestanswer:DifferentiatebetweenDataMiningandDatawarehousing.WhatisDatapurging?WhatareCUBES?WhatareOLAPand
OLTP?WhatarethedifferentproblemsthatDataminingcansolve?WhataredifferentstagesofDatamining?......................
Readanswer

OLAPinterviewquestions
Latestanswer:ExplaintheconceptsandcapabilitiesofOLAP.ExplainthefunctionalityofOLAP.WhatareMOLAPandROLAP?Explainthe
roleofbitmapindexestosolveaggregationproblems.Explaintheencodingtechniqueusedinbitmapsindexes.WhatisBinning?Whatis
candidatecheck?..................
Readanswer

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plsprovideasqlgetthebelowresult.
ID_NO,MARKS,YR
1302010
1402013
1502014
2302009
2402010
istheinputtable.
plsletmetheknowthesqltogetthefollowingo/p
id_noyearpreviousyr
120142013
120132010
12010null
220102009
22009null
ishouldnotgetmorerowsthanthenoofrowsinputtable.year2014hastwopreviousyearsone2013and2010butishouldgetonly2013
ino/p
thefollowingsqlgivesbelowo/pbutitsnotgivingexpectedresult
selecta.id_no,a.yr,b.yrfromstudentaleftouterjoinstudentbona.id_no=b.id_no
andb.yr<a.yrorderbya.id_no,a.yrdesc
ID_NOYRYR

120142010
120142013
120132010
12010
220102009
22009

prasanth1025201401:47PM
OracleInterviewquestionsandanswers
Whataretriggers?Whataretheeventsatriggerincludes?
Theproceduresarecalledastriggersinoracleanditrunimplicitlywhenaninsert,updateordeletestatementisbeingperformedona
table.TheyaresameasstoreproceduresbutitcanincludeSQL,PL/SQLorJavastatements.Triggersareimplicittotheapplication.
Itincludesthefollowingeventssuchas:
DMLstatementsformodificationofdatalikeINSERT,UPDATEorDELETE
DDLstatements
Systemrelatedmessageslikestartup,shutdown,anderrormessages
Usereventslikelogonorlogoff

RohitSharma127201107:12AM
Oracleinterviewquestionsandanswers
DoestheAfterreporttriggergetfiredifreportexecutionfails?
Yes.

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ExplainPGA.
PGAProgramGlobalAreaareainmemoryusedbyasingleOracleuserprocess.
Ramakutty126201104:09AM
Oracleinterviewquestionsandanswers
ListvariouslevelsofAuditing?
StatementAuditing,
PrivilegeAuditing
ObjectAuditing.
Listthetypesofsnapshots.
Simple
Complex

Ankur126201104:08AM

Oracleinterviewquestionsandanswers
Listthecharactersticsofdatafiles.
Datafilecanbeassociatedwithonlyonedatabase.
Onceitiscreated,itcan'tchangesize.
Oneormoredatabasefilestogetherformatablespace.
WhendoesaTransactionfinish?
Whenitiscommitted
ORWhenitisRolledback.
WhatisthefunctionofROLLBACK?
ItretractsthechangesoccuringfromtheexecutionofSQLstatementsinthetransaction.

Rajat126201104:08AM
Oracleinterviewquestionsandanswers
Explaintablespace.
LogicalStorageUnitintowhichadatabaseisdivided.
WhatisOracleView?
OracleViewAvirtualtablewhichhasaqueryattachedtoit.
Doviewscontain/storedata?
No.Viewsdonotcontain/storeanydata.

Sakshi126201104:07AM

Testyouroracleknowledgewithourmultiplechoicequestions!

Oracleinterviewquestions
Hotbackupvs.coldbackup
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AdatabasebackupwhileitisstillupandrunningisaHotbackupanditmustbeinarchivelogmode.
Acoldbackupisabackupwhileitisshutdown.Thedatabasedoesnotrequirebeinginarchivelogmodeinthismode.
Thebenefitofahotbackupisthatthedatabaseisstillavailableforusewhilethebackupisoccurring.
Acoldbackupiseasiertoadministerthebackupandrecoveryprocess.
Coldbackupsdoesnotrequirebeinginarchivelogmodeandthusslightperformancegainasthedatabaseisnotwritingarchivelogsto
disk.

Whatareactualandformalparameters?
ActualParameters
Thevariablesorexpressionsreferencedintheparameterlistofasubprogramcallareactualparameters.
Followingprocedurecallliststwoactualparametersnamedempnoandamt:
raise_sal(empno,amt)
FormalParameters
Thevariablesdeclaredinasubprogramspecificationandreferencedinthesubprogrambodyareformalparameters.
Followingproceduredeclarestwoformalparametersnamedempidandamt:
PROCEDUREraise_sal(empidINTEGER,amtREAL)IScurrent_salaryREAL

Oracleinterviewquestions
CanweprotectourPL/SQLsourcecode?
Yes,wecanprotect.PL/SQLV2.2implementsabinarywrapperforPL/SQLprogramstoprotectthesourcecode.
TheutilityavailableinthisversiontransformsthePL/SQLsourcecodeintoportablebinaryobjectcodeandthusprotectfromexposingyour
proprietaryalgorithmsandmethods.

ExplainanExceptionanditstypes.
ExceptionistheerrorhandlingpartofPL/SQLblock.
Exceptionisoftwotypes:Predefinedanduserdefined.
SomeofPredefinedexceptionsare
ZERO_DIVIDE
NO_DATA_FOUND
TOO_MANY_ROWS
LOGON_DENIED
CURSOR_ALREADY_OPEN
INVALID_NUMBER
NOT_LOGGED_ON
STORAGE_ERROR
PROGRAMERROR
TIMEOUT_ON_RESOURCE
VALUE_ERROR
DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX
INVALID_CURSOR.

Moreoracleinterviewquestions
OracleQuestion1:Howtoretrieve5thhighestsalfromemptable?
OracleQuestion2:Whatis$FLEX$and$PROFILES$?Wherearetheyused?
OracleQuestion3:ExplainhowtopassvaluesfromonetabletoanotherbyusingBulkcollect.
OracleQuestion4:Howtocallatriggerinsideastoredprocedure?
OracleQuestion5:WhatisWATERMARKINoracle?ExplainthesignificanceofHighwatermark.
OracleQuestion6:Whatisanobjectgroups?
OracleQuestion7:Differencebetweenclusteringandmirroring
OracleQuestion8:Differencebetweenpagingandfragmentation
OracleQuestion9:Canyouexplainhowtoinsertanimageintableinoracle?
OracleQuestion10:Howtofindoutsecondlargestvalueinthetable?
OracleQuestion11:Disadvantageofuserdefinedfunctioninoracle.
OracleQuestion12:Explainthesignificanceofclustertableornonclustertable.
OracleQuestion13:Whatispragmarestrict_referenceinoracle9i?Whendoweuseit?
OracleQuestion14:Whycan'tweassignnotnullconstraintastablelevelconstraintinoracle?
OracleQuestion15:ExplaintheuseofbetweenpagetriggersinREPORTS.
OracleQuestion16:Howtodeleteallduplicaterecordsfromatableusingsubquery?
OracleQuestion17:Howmanytypesoftriggercanbeusedinatableatatime?Whatarethey?
OracleQuestion18:Whatispartitionedtable?Whatareitstypes?Explainitspurposeandhowtocreate.
OracleQuestion19:WhatistheroleofArchiver[ARCn].
OracleQuestion20:Structuraldifferencebetweenbitmapandbtreeindexinoracle.
OracleQuestion21:Canyouexplainhowtoconvertoracletabledataintoexcelsheet?
OracleQuestion22:Whenshouldwegoforhashpartitioning?
OracleQuestion23:WhatisMaterializedview?Whatisasnapshot?
OracleQuestion24:WhataretheadvantagesofrunningadatabaseinNOarchivelogmode?
OracleQuestion25:Whataretheadvantagesofrunningadatabaseinarchivelogmode?
OracleQuestion26:Whatisdba_segmentinoracle?
OracleQuestion27:PurposeofusingNextvalwhilecreatingthesequence.
OracleQuestion28:WhatisforallStatement?Explainwithanexample
OracleQuestion29:WhatisflashbackQuery?Explainitsuseswithanexample
OracleQuestion30:WhatisthetablespaceinOracle?Purposeandsignificance
OracleQuestion31:Howtousesequenceandwhatuseofsequencecache?

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OracleQuestion32:Differencebetweenformulacolumnandplaceholder.
OracleQuestion33:Howtocreateplaceholdercolumnsinoracle?
OracleQuestion34:Whatisautonomoustransaction?
OracleQuestion35:HowtocreateLOVinOracleforms?
OracleQuestion36:Whichsqlcommandtobeusedtogetaprintoutfromoracle?
OracleQuestion37:Whatissql*loaderparametersandwheredoweuseit?
OracleQuestion38:Explainhowtoseethereportoutputinexcelsheetinoracleapplications.
OracleQuestion39:CanwerestoreaTablethataccidentallydropped?How?
OracleQuestion40:WhatistheuseofDataLinkinReports?
OracleQuestion41:WhatarethetypesoftriggersavailableinOracleReports?
OracleQuestion42:Whatarethetriggersassociatedwithimageitems?Explainthem
OracleQuestion43:ExplainhowtoviewthestatusoftheRollbacksegmentinoracle.
OracleQuestion44:WhatistheuseofNOARCHIEVELOGparameterinoracledatabase?
OracleQuestion45:HowtheSMONprocessisusedtowriteintoLOGfiles?
OracleQuestion46:Whatarethetypesofcalculatedcolumnsavailable?Explainthem
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