Accuracy

(uncertainty)

Consistency

(traceability)

Standards and Calibration Laboratory

Time
Trade and International Trade

Location
Person

or company

Removal of Technical Barriers

Mutual Recognition of Measurement

Results

An unbroken
chain of
comparisons

Traceability

Property of a measurement result or values of a

standard
1. the result can be related to a reference
2. through a documented unbroken chain of
comparisons
3. each contributes to the measurement uncertainty

Calibration
intervals

Measurement
uncertainty

Reference to SI
units

Documentation

Competence
(Accredited)
5

National Metrology Institute

National Standards

National Metrology Institute

National Metrology Institute

National Standards

National Standards

Standards Calibration
Laboratories
Industrial Calibration
laboratories
Test Equipment

Standards Calibration
Laboratories

Standards Calibration
Laboratories

Industrial Calibration
laboratories

Industrial Calibration
laboratories

Test Equipment

Test Equipment

Product Testing Laboratories

Product Testing Laboratories

Economy 1

Product Testing Laboratories

Economy 2

Metrology

National Metrology Institutes (NMI)

National Institute of Metrology (NIM) China

Standards and Calibration Laboratory (SCL)
HKSAR, China
National Institute of Science and Technology
(NIST) - USA
National Physical Laboratory (NPL) UK
Physikalish-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) Germany
National Measurement Institute, Australia (NMIA)

Accreditation
Legal

Metrology
D
t standards
t d d
Document

54 BIPMs
Member States

General Conference on
Weights and Measures
(CGPM
CGPM)

Consists of delegates from Member

States and meets every 4 years

Associates of
the CGPM

10

International

APLAC Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation

Regional

International
Organizations

International
Committee for Weights
and Measures (CIPM
CIPM)
Consists of 18 individuals
elected by the CGPM
supervises BIPM and its activities
meets annually at the BIPMs HQs

National
Metrology
Institutes

Headquarters
(France)
Direction, laboratories
and permanent staff
members of the BIPM

ILAC - International Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation

Consultative
Committees
and Joint
Committees

EA - The European co-operation for Accreditation

NATA Australia
UKAS UK
DKD Germany

National

IANZ New Zealand

CNAL China
A2LA USA

CIPM MRA

HKAS Hong Kong

(Mutual recognition
arrangement)

JCRB

(Joint Committee of the

Regional Metrology
Organizations)

11

12

Definition:

ISO (International Organization for

Standardization)

comprises all activities for which legal requirements are prescribed on

measurement, units of measurement, measuring instruments and methods
of measurement
being performed by or on behalf of governmental authorities, in order to
ensure an appropriate level of credibility of measurement results in the
national
at o a regulatory
egu ato y environment
e
o
e t

International IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission

ANSI - USA
ASTM - USA

OIML International organization of Legal Metrology

BSI - UK

International

National

APLMF Asia Pacific Legal Metrology Forum

Regional

DIN Germany
JIS Japan
JJG - China

WELMEC European Cooperation in Legal Metrology

SAA Australia

13

BIPM

ke EUR
yc
om OME
pa T
ris
on
s

SIM y
s
ke ison
ar
mp
co

APMP - Asia Pacific

Metrology Programme

CIPM key comparisons

EURO-ASIAN COOPERATION OF NATIONAL

METROLOGICAL INSTITUTIONS

ET n s
OM riso
CO mpa
o
yc
ke

14

NMIA
(Aust)

NIM
(China)

NMIJ
(Japan)

SADCMET Southern
African Development
Community Cooperation
in Measurement
Traceability

ke SAD
yc
om CME
pa T
ris
on
s

APMP
key comparisons

KRISS
(Korea)

NMC
(Singapore)

EURAMET European
Association of National
Metrology Institutes

SIM Inter-American
Metrology System

COOMET Euro-Asian
Cooperation of National
Metrological Institutions

SCL
(Hong Kong)

15

16

17