CHAPTER 2

INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

IMPORTANT POINTS

sin1 x, cos1 x, ... etc., are angles.

If sin x and , then = sin1x etc.
2 2

Function

Domain

Range
(Principal Value Branch)

sin1x

[1, 1]

2 , 2

cos1x

[1, 1]

[0, ]

tan1x

,
2 2

cot1x

(0, )

sec1x

R (1, 1)

0,

cosec 1x

R (1, 1)

2 , 2 0

sin1 (sin x) = x x ,
2 2
cos1 (cos x) = x x [0, ] etc.

sin (sin1x) = x x [1, 1]

cos (cos1x) = x x [1, 1] etc.
17

XII Maths

1
sin1x cosec 1 x 1, 1
x
tan1x = cot1 (1/x) x > 0
sec1x = cos1 (1/x), |x| 1

sin1(x) = sin1x x [1, 1]

tan1(x) = tan1x x R
cosec1(x) = cosec1x |x| 1

cos1(x) = cos1x [1, 1]

cot1(x) = cot1x x R
sec1(x) = sec1x |x| 1

sin1 x cos 1 x

tan1 x cot 1 x

, x 1, 1
2

x R
2

sec 1 x cosec 1x

x 1
2

x y
tan1 x tan1 y tan1
;
1 xy

xy 1.

x y
tan1 x tan1 y tan 1
;
1 xy

xy 1.

2x
2 tan1 x tan 1
, x 1
1 x 2
2x
2 tan1 x sin1
, x 1,
1 x 2
1 x 2
2 tan1 x cos 1
, x 0.
1 x 2

XII Maths

18

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (1 MARK)

1.

Write the principal value of

1

3 2

(ii)

cos

(iv)

cosec1 ( 2).

.
3

(vi)

sec1 ( 2).

3
1 1
1

cos tan 1 3
2
2

(i)

sin

(iii)

tan

(v)

cot

(vii)

sin

3 2 .

2.

What is value of the following functions (using principal value).

(i)

tan

1 2
1

sec
.
3
3

(iv)

cosec

tan1 (1) cot1 (1).

(v)

tan1 (1) + cot1 (1) + sin1 (1).

(vi)

sin

(viii)

sin
.
5

cosec

1 3
1
.
cos
2
2

sin

(iii)

(ii)

(vii)

tan

tan
.
6

2 sec

2.

cosec
.
4

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (4 MARKS)

3.

Show that tan

1 cos x

1 cos x

19

1 cos x

x
.

1 cos x
4
2

x [0, ]

XII Maths

4.

Prove
1

tan

5.

Prove

6.

Prove

cot

1 1 cos x
cos x

cot
1 sin x
1 cos x
4

tan

x 0, 2 .

2
2

x
a x
1 x
1

.
sin
cos

a
a
a2 x 2

1 8
1
1 8
1 300

2 tan cos
tan 2 tan sin
tan
.
17
17
161

7.

Prove

tan

8.

Solve

cot

1 x

1 x

2x cot

1
1 2

cos x .
2
4
2
1 x
1 x

3x

9.

m
m n
Prove that tan1 tan1
, m, n 0
n
m n 4

10.

2
1
x y
2x 1
1 1 y

cos
Prove that tan sin1
1 y 2 1 xy
2

2
2
1

11.

x 2 1 1
2x 2

Solve for x, cos1 2 tan1

x 1 2
1 x 2
3

12.

Prove that tan1

13.

Solve for

14.

1
1
32
Prove that 2 tan1 tan 1 tan 1
4
5
43

XII Maths

x,

1
1
1
1
tan1 tan1 tan1
3
5
7
8 4

tan cos 1 x sin tan1 2 ; x 0

20

1
3
tan cos 1
11
2

15.

Evaluate

16.

a cos x b sin x
a
tan 1 x
Prove that tan1
b cos x a sin x
b

17.

Prove that

1
cot tan1 x tan1 cos 1 1 2 x 2 cos 1 2 x 2 1 , x 0
x

18.

a b
b c
c a
tan 1
tan 1
0 where a, b,
Prove that tan1
1 ab
1 bc
1 ca
c > 0

19.

Solve for x, 2 tan1(cos x) = tan1 (2 cosec x)

20.

Express

21.

If tan1a + tan1b + tan1c = then

sin1 x 1 x x 1 x 2

in simplest form.

prove that a + b + c = abc

22.

If sin1x > cos1x, then x belongs to which interval?

ANSWERS
1.

2.

(ii)

(iii)

(vi)

2
3

(vii)

.
6

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(v)

(vi)

(vii)

(i)

(v)

21

(iv)

(iv)

(viii)

.
4

XII Maths

8.

11.

13.

5
3

19.

22.

, 1

21.

Hint:

15.

.
4

Let

20

tan1 a =
tan1 b =
tan1 c =

then given,

take tangent on both sides,

tan ( ) = tan

XII Maths

22

tan

2 3
12

11 3
3 11
sin1 x sin1 x.