Taylor September 3, 2014 at 9:50 pm

1.The field of PA is a field of business(Wilson). Comment. (200 words)

Ans:The original objective of Public Administration was to improve the Government Performance. This initial quest
for greater effectiveness and efficiency brought Public administration closer to management sciences.
Thus the classical thinkers tried to introduce universal principles of managing affairs public or business.
1) Public Administration like business is a co-operative group effort in a particular setting. Thus the principles of
cost benefit, top to bottom approach of policy framing, principle of PODSCORB and Fayol are as relevant to it as it is
to business.
2) An administrator like a businessman has to take decisions between conflicting options in a given time frame to
better exploit the opportunities created by demographics, environment and international sentiment for general
welfare. Thus operation research, O&M techniques etc are as relevant to him as to a businessman.
3) An administrator must be as accountable to its stakeholders, the public, as a businessman is to his stakeholders.
Thus an adequate performance appraisal system is as desirable as in the field of business.
However, there is also some marked difference between public administration and business administration. The
chief being
1) Public administration exists for the purpose of welfare while business exists for profit
2) Public Administration works strictly under the law while business modifies itself according to opportunities on
hand.
3) Public Administration is more value oriented while business is profit and reputation oriented.
4) Administrator has to optimize his decisions to cater to the needs of various pressure groups while the
businessman takes bold decisions to survive market pressures.
Thus we see that there are certain similarities as well as differences between business and administration. The
statement of Wilson must be seen in the light of the cultural setting of US where private sector is prominent and
hence the usual practice is to blur the lines of differences between business and administration. Moreover, in the
enthusiasm of bestowing a distinct identity to the newly born discipline a little compromise with its social science
character was done. Though now public administration is considered distinct from business administration the
decision making tools like operation research, etc have been internalized giving a composite identity to the
discipline.
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ROFL September 3, 2014 at 10:46 pm
@Taylor Your answer must be revolve around wilsons view, those prevailing circumstances in US and peoples
view on PA. Primarily this answer seems like a general view where u compare similarties and dissimilarties btween
PA n buisness theory. By d way good effort.
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Baapu September 3, 2014 at 11:11 pm
Do you realise how many words you have written?
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ni3 September 3, 2014 at 10:17 pm
1.The field of PA is a field of business(Wilson). Comment. (200 words)
Wilson who is consider as the father of modern Public administration propounded the idea of separation of Field of
public administration from political law. The time in which he wrote his ideas in his famous essay The Study Of
Public Administration, was time of poor Governance, Spoils system was prevalent in USA, which had created
instability, inefficiency and lack of ethics in administration.

Before him there was a lot of discussion about nature of state, who should govern the law, but for Wilson How the
law should be governed was main idea. He observed that it is more difficult to run the constitution than frame it.
His comparative analysis of administration from different countries specially Europe made him realize that to have
and effective administration, it had to be made business like. There was a need of reform in government and
administrative field due to increase in complexities of society, growing functions of state. Thats why he advocated a
technically schooled civil services based on the values like economy, efficiency and effectiveness.
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Ankit September 3, 2014 at 10:52 pm
Good answer!!
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ni3 September 3, 2014 at 11:01 pm
thanks bro ..pls review 2nd also.
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Baapu September 4, 2014 at 12:01 am
By seeing the trend of PubAd question these days, I think you should also try to add relevance of such things in
current context.
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ni3 September 4, 2014 at 12:54 am
well said Baapufrom next time i will try to incorporate thatthanks
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Gaurav September 10, 2014 at 11:46 am
You are missing the core of Question, though answered well ,it appears that everything is answered indirectly and
not staraight away.
Like ur 2nd para is not required as per the needs of the question. You can write this but with an added explanation
that running the constitution requires far greater efficiency , economy and effectiveness than framing it. Similarly
you have to conclude that PA is not business it requires to have some of its values not all.
Otherwise a good try if 1st timer.
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ni3 September 3, 2014 at 10:59 pm
PA can be portrayed as a wheel or relationships focused on the formulation and implementation of Public Policy.
Explain . (200 words)
Public Policy is primarily a purposive course of action, but one which cannot be said to have served its purpose
unless action takes place. Without action it is merely a wish. Thus Policy formulation and implementation are the
two important constitute of any policy.
Coming to policy formulation stage choices has to be made about objectives and goals and strategies that need to be
followed. It require necessary skill and competence. Though the final choice is a political decision, but Gathering,
analyzing information, generating various alternatives all comes under policy formulation are core field of Public
administration.
Similarly policy implementation require motivated and committed people who can realize the policy formulated.
Professional skill, personnel, technical and financial resources, sufficient autonomy and flexibility in carrying out
task, is required for successful implementation.

Activities carried out in both stages are interconnected and Public administration form an intimate part of both,
hence can be portrayed as relationship focused upon Policy formulation and its implementation.
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Baapu September 4, 2014 at 12:00 am
Good!
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Baapu September 3, 2014 at 11:02 pm
The field of PA is a field of business(Wilson). Comment. (200 words)
The words of Wilson in question if often considered as equating public administration to the business. And no doubt
there is enough of similarities between public administration and business, specially when we come to look for
efficiency. at the same time, some scholars differ on this view stating that Wilson actually meant Public
Administration can learn much from business.
Whatever be his intention, but there is no doubt it was a prophecy which could not have been more true than it is
today. With increase in publics expectation from the government, an era has come when along with providing
public services, administration has to think of cost, efficiency and speed. No time earlier did public and private
sectors competed as they are doing today. Be it a matter of foreign investment or regulating sectors of economy,
public administration has to show the agility of a private sector.
Thus, while keeping the public part important in public administration (PA), PA will only enrich itself.
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SH@DOW September 4, 2014 at 12:59 am
grammatical errors in the framing of sentences
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Gaurav September 10, 2014 at 11:49 am
Linking with current era is good but you have completely missed to elaborate Wilsons view on it.
Conclusion is also good.
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Baapu September 3, 2014 at 11:57 pm
PA can be portrayed as a wheel or relationships focused on the formulation and implementation of Public Policy.
Explain . (200 words)
The politics and administration dichotomy has been long brushed off by NPA and later thinkers. In a democratic
setup, today, the buraucracy influences the policy making heavily where the political class career depends on
implementation of those policies. There there is many a times reversal as well as parallel running of roles. Thus
Public Administration(PA) involves everything which takes it to formation of a sound meta-policy, policy making
(which in turn includes various studies and is multidisciplinary), and implementation, review, feedback,
rectification etc.
If we take MNREGA as an example, we see, enoumous experience of bureaucrats and scholars along with politicians,
and political will was required to frame such an Act. Economic and social impacts had to be considered. Othe
important factors have been NGOs, media, technology, etc. Many innivative ideas too were used for its successful
implementation, and yet, more of improvements were brought through mistakes, feedback and re-implementation.
With change of government, there also is change of priority of the scheme, and thus, despite linking various
relationships, it is still evolving and nre relationshipd are getting added. And this is true for each and every policy
Government frames.

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ni3 September 4, 2014 at 1:05 am
explaining via ex is brilliant, but give more emphasis on relation between PA on one side n Policy formulation n
implementation on other side.
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prashant singh September 4, 2014 at 12:57 am
Wilsons vision of administration elicits field of Public Administration as a field of business. It means that
administration should strive for efficiency , effectiveness and economy in its operations. The administration should
be based on principles rather arbitrariness and discretion.The public administration should borrow the main
positive concerns of private administration.
Administration should have definite rules and procedure , which should act as a guideline for administrators to
follow. It should be isolated from the chaos ,hurry and strife of politics.
There should not be element of political patronage or political influence in day to day administration.
However , at the same time , Wilson was himself aware that goals of public administration is different from Public
Administration. Equity cannot be ignored at the cost of Efficiency , Economy and effectiveness. Therefore , even
though Public Administration is business like , it is not business.
Please review,,,,
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ni3 September 4, 2014 at 1:08 am
brilliant, covers all point.
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Sandeep September 4, 2014 at 1:41 am
1.
Wilson,the president of America has opined that field of PA should be like the field of business i.e.,just like business
management strive for EFFICIENT,ECONOMIC and EFFECTIVE in achieving its purpose.
However unlike business which work on profit motive ,PA cannot work on profit motive as it should be fulfilling a
political motive i.e., to aspire the socio-economic motive of the public.thus it should be more like a business but less
business like.
Thus should work EFFICIENT to aspire public needs
ECONOMIC to provide more space for other political motives
EFFECTIVE in realising the public goals.
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PA Daily September 4, 2014 at 8:09 am
Answer 1

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Sandeep September 4, 2014 at 12:53 pm
Quality answers..
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PA Daily September 4, 2014 at 8:10 am
Answer2

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rks September 5, 2014 at 4:16 pm
@PA Daily-> Well written answer
But I would like to point out that you have answered only that part where it has been asked how PA plays a role in
implementation and formulation. How PA can be portrayed as relationship i.e. role of PA in developing
partnerships with various institutions and stakeholders, as highlighted in MBC III, was required
You did eventually mention Governance paradigm but the reference to me seem more accidental than deliberate.
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PA Daily September 6, 2014 at 8:31 am
Hey, that was very well pointed out. Thank you so much. Governance was deliberate as I actually got this point in
mind to the fag end of finishing the answer. So I deliberately inserted the word so that the lacunae from the
beginning could be covered atleast to a reasonable extent.
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Ram September 4, 2014 at 3:54 pm
Hi Respected Seniors in Pub Ad,

i am new to this subject,All institutes in Bglr have not yet started Pub ad (might start 3rd week) but i want to start
pub ad now. i bought (all) good no of books.
But i am not getting concepts(studying laxmikanth now) so could you please explain how to start this subject.
If possible the strategy which u have followed.
Thanks in adv.
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ND September 5, 2014 at 3:33 pm
The field of PA is a field of business(Wilson). Comment. (200 words)
Wilson, the founding fathers of the discipline of Public Administration advocated for a unique identity for the same.
He propounded the Dichotomy of Public Administration from Political Science and stated that the discipline must
be separated from the hurry and strife of politics and should focus on the instrumentation part. This essentially
meant a greater focus on the operations and not to question the fundamental ideology of the policy. In this light he
opined He that it was more difficult to run a Constitution that to frame one.
Wilson operated in a context where the US administration had become corrupt under the spoils system and hence
had grown inefficient with time. His emphasis on Comparative Public Administration and a study of European
systems increased his interest in a business like approach to P.A.
He stated that Public Administration should be less unbusinesslike meaning that it must be more like a business in
terms of its means in adopting economy, efficiency and effectiveness, speed and promptness in service delivery
while simultaneously maintaining a balance in its goals being diverse, dynamic and humane.
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Shashwat Mishra September 5, 2014 at 7:44 pm
The field of PA is a field of business(Wilson). Comment. (200 words)
Public administration as viewed by wilson had a definite scope i.e implementation of laws. Therefore if defined
strictly under the aforementioned scope, public administration indeed is a systematic discipline concerned about
effectiveness and efficiency.
Public administration being government in action, requires a thorough ontological backing of principles which will
ensure meticulous planning, accurate economics and financing and minimizing wastage, thus ensuring maximum
effectiveness for implementation of laws. To this end it must learn the well mastered principles of business
management.
Business management unlike public management is performance oriented only. It has clear goals divided into neat
work packages and milestones with a keen eye on economy and time. This time bound high quality delivery of
services is what is being expected from an administrator too while implementing policies.
However, it must be noted that Public administration is like and not is business management. It has a much wider
agenda even if viewed from this limited scope of implementation only. It must accommodate for the opposing
forces of multifarious opinions, which are omnipresent and sometime potent enough to disrupt law and order. Thus
unlike business, the concern for welfare cant be relegated to theoretical efficiency or economy.
Thus public administration must organically develop for a wider agenda but should also be strongly rooted in
techniques of business administration.
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Gaurav September 10, 2014 at 11:54 am
Good Ans !
It must accommodate for the opposing forces of multifarious opinions, which are omnipresent and sometime

potent enough to disrupt law and order not required

theoretical efficiency or economy Wrong , efficiency can be practical as well and bys saying so, wilson was not
talking of theory only but practice also.
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Anurag September 8, 2014 at 5:52 pm
According to Wilson, like business public administration is also using the same tools to achieve diverse socio
economic goals. In the context of spoil system and unmethodical structure of organisation in USA. He proposed the
idea of dichotomy and merit based bureaucracy which will bring efficiency in administration. He also suggest that
administrator should be dealt with policy implementing without becoming policy neutral. Public administration
should have to adopt efficiency, economy and effectiveness from business like organisation to fulfil peoples
aspiration. He was aware that business have a transactional relationship with his customer while administration
impact on masses is transformational. It is necessary that government should use limited resource of nation in
efficient manner so that administrative lag will not impedes the overall development.
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Anurag September 8, 2014 at 5:54 pm
plz review
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Ankit September 9, 2014 at 10:50 pm
Q1
Wilson is considered to have developed administration as a different field of study. In his paper the science of
administration published in 1887 in the quarterly political journey talks about, amongst many things, how public
administration is different from politics.
He considers public administration should be based on the principles of efficiency, effectiveness and economy. He
has opined that public administration should be free from the hurry and strife of politics. In his view, public
administration should not carry the view of politics. The public administration should be akin to the central concern
of the private administration. Thus, he considered public administration as a field of business
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Gaurav September 10, 2014 at 11:39 am
1.The field of PA is a field of business(Wilson). Comment. (200 words)
Woodraw wilsons article the study of Public Administration which laid down the foundation of the subject as a
separate discipline from Political science , has emphasized the field of Ad. as Less Unbusiness like . By that, he
meant , that just like business org. have 3E i.e efficiency, effectiveness and economy as core concern , Pub. org. too
should inculcate similar values as part of its overall goal. He criticized the then US Ad. which was based on spoil
system as slow, corrupt and unethical. And drawing comparison eith Br. Ad, he reinforced the notion of systematic
study of the field to ingrain stability and predictability.
Further, he argued that , Pub Ad. is not business as it is more dynamic, diverse and humane in its orientation. He
didnt support the notion of profit & static goals being the only driver of Govt. organization. But by saying it business
like he only meant to adopt good features of business org. without changing the overall character of Ad.
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prashant singh September 12, 2014 at 9:32 pm
Public Administration can be portrayed as a wheel or relations focussed on the relationship between formulation
and implementation of policy.

During its evolution , Public Administration as a wheel have passed through different paradigms -each elucidiating
the nature of relationship between formulation and implemention of policy.
Formulation of public policy is the expression of state will and its implemention is the execution of state will. The
first and second paradigm of Nicholas Henry emphasises on the separation between the two where as later
paradigms emphasises a harmony and deleting the line between the two.
In this regard , Friedrick has said Public Policy is a continuous process , the formation of which is inseperable from
its execution , Policy is being framed as it is executed and conversely as it is being executed it is being framed .
The role of Public Administration is to establish a relationship between the two by a mechanism of foresight as well
as feedback.
Montjoy and Watson have mentioned that civil servant should be politically neutral but not policy neutral.He should
give his views for formulation of policies of public interest and ensure that policies are implemented in public
interest .During his role in formulation of policy , publicness should be the criteria for his involvement and not
self aggrandization of bureaucracy.Similiarly he should stand up as a unpartisan civil servant ,if public policies are
implemented with poltical motives.
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