EARTHQUAKE FORCES IN RECTANGULAR TANKS

Project:

Hills Reservoir

Date
author:

12/26/2014 17:16
andypasvi

Code: ACI 350 Seismic Design of Liquid-Containing Concrete Structures

Dimension:
Lx =
Ly =
Hw =
HL=
Weight and Mass Density:
c =
L =

10
5
4
3.5

m.
m.
m.
m.

tw =
tr =

0.2 m.
0.2 m.

2.5 kN-s2/m4 mass density of concrete

1.00 kN-s2/m4 mass density of liquid

1 Compute masses of walls and roof

Ww =
604.30 kN
Wr =
245.25 kN
Effective mass coefficient, e
dimension along seismic load
length to height of liquid ration

L
L/HL

We

e= [0.0151(L/HL)2 - 0.1908(L/HL)+1.021] =

along x
along y
10.00
5.00
2.86
1.43
0.60
607.30

0.78
716.14

Wi = WL tanh [0.866(L/HL)]/0.866 (L/HL) =

684

1172

Wc = WL 0.264 (L/HL) tanh[(3.16 (HL/L)] =

1039

632

1.31
1.91

1.31
2.23

6.97
8.97

5.97
7.97

Effective Mass,

We = eWw + Wr

2 Equivalent masses of accelerating liquid

WL =
1716.75 kN

3 Height to centers of gravity (exclubing base pressure, EBP)

hi =
hc = [1-(cosh(3.16HL/L)-1)/(3.16(HL/L)sinh(3.16HL/L))]HL =
4 Dynamic properties
mw = Hw tw c =
mi = (Wi/WL)(L/2)HLL =

2 kN-s2/m2

m = mw + mi =
hw = 0.50Hw =
2.00 m.
calculate parameters for input to structural model
h = (hwmw + himi)/m =
dimension perpendicular to seismic force,
q = (mw+mi)/HL g=
deflection from structural model
wall stiffness, k

mi
m

h
B
q
d
k = q/d

1.47
1.48
5.00
10
25.15
22.35
4.05
1.5
6209.96 14899.83

vi = (k/m) =
Ti = 2p/vi =

vi
Ti

l = (3.16g tanh (3.16(HL/L))1/2 =

4.98815 5.501388

vc = l/(L) =
Tc = 2p/vc =

vc
Tc

1.577392 2.460295
3.98
2.55

1/2

1/2

26.31
0.24

43.23
0.15

5 Seismic parameters
Importance factor
I=
1.5 Tanks contaning hazardous materials
Soil profile coefficient, S
type
S
B
1.2
medium dense to dense or medium stiff to stiff
Zone =

Z=

Response modification factors, Rw

Type of structure
Fixed or hinged-base
Rwi (on or above grade )=
Rw (buried) =
Rwc =

0.4

2.75
4
1

6 Dynamic lateral forces

Pw = ZISCiWw/Rwi =
Ww' =
Pw' = ZISCiWw'/Rwi =
Pr = ZISCiWr/Rwi =
Pi = ZISCiWi/Rwi =
Pc = ZISCcWc/Rwc =
Base shear, V = ((Pi+ Pw + Pr)2 + Pc2)1/2

Ci
Cc

along x
along y
2.291667 2.291667
0.378156 0.919954

Pw
Ww'
Pw'
Pr
Pi
Pc

along x
along y
217.23
282.54
102.024 200.124
36.67
93.57
147.15
147.15
410.44
703.25
282.99
418.70

824.88

1207.83

Mi
Mw
Mr
Mc

538.70
434.46
603.32
540.22

923.02
565.07
603.32
933.69

Mo

1666.46

2290.36

7 Overturning moment
Mi = Pi hi
Mw = Pw hw
Mr = Pr hr
Mc = Pc hc
Mo = ((Mi+ Mw + Mr)2 + Mc2)1/2
8 Dynamic vertical forces
Cv =
1.0
for rectangular tanks
u = ZSCvIb/Rwi =
0.17
b = 2/3 =
qhy = gL (HL-y)
phy = u qhy

0.667

9 Dynamic force distribution above base

a) Earthquake along x-axis
Wall perpendicular to seismic force
dy =
0.5 m.
Leading Wall/Trailing Wall
n=
7 divisions
Level
Pw'(kN/m) Pi(kN/m) Pc(kN/m) pvB(kN/m)P(kN)
q(kPa)
4
9.17
0.00
0.00
0.00
9.17
1.83
3.5
9.17
14.66
51.44
0.00
56.69
3.29
3
9.17
27.22
48.30
4.28
60.62
5.87
2.5
9.17
39.79
45.15
8.56
67.14
6.39
2
9.17
52.35
42.00
12.84
75.59
7.14
1.5
9.17
64.92
38.85
17.12
85.39
8.05
1
9.17
77.48
35.71
21.40
96.13
9.08
0.5
9.17
90.04
32.56
25.68
107.53
10.18
0
9.17
102.61
29.41
29.97
119.40

Walls parallel to seismic force

qw =
1.76 kPa
Hydrodynamic pressure at bottom of tank
qv =
5.99 kPa
b) Earthquake along y-axis
Wall perpendicular to seismic force
dy =
0.5 m.
Leading Wall/Trailing Wall
Level
Pw(kN/m) Pi(kN/m) Pc(kN)
pvB(kN/m)P(kN)
q(kPa)
4
23.39
0.00
0.00
0
23.39
2.34
3.5
23.39
25.12
109.03
0
119.34
3.57
3
23.39
46.64
94.97
8.56
118.31
5.94
2.5
23.39
68.17
80.91
17.12
123.38
6.04
2
23.39
89.70
66.84
25.68
133.86
6.43
1.5
23.39
111.23
52.78
34.25
148.60
7.06
1
23.39
132.76
38.72
42.81
166.48
7.88
0.5
23.39
154.28
24.66
51.37
186.59
8.83
0
23.39
175.81
10.60
59.93
208.29

Walls parallel to seismic force

qw =
2.34 kPa
Hydrodynamic pressure at bottom of tank
qv =
5.99 kPa
10 Freeboard

12/26/2014 17:16

m.

kN

kN
kN

m.
m.

kN-s2/m2
kN-s2/m2

m.
m.
kPa
mm
kN/m3

hz
secs
hz
secs

kN
kN
kN
kN
kN
kN
kN

kN-m
kN-m
kN-m
kN-m
kN-m