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November/December 2014
Biting back
Iran revitalises its Cobra fleet
VISUAL
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21/11/2014
Military
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33
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in a Compact System
Long-Range Performance
CONTENTS
3 Comment
Editor
Tony Skinner, tony.s@shephardmedia.com
Tel: +44 1753 727020
Staff Reporter
Jonathan Tringham, jonathan.t@shephardmedia.com
Contributors
Patrick Allen, Gordon Arthur, Pieter Bastiaans,
Peter Donaldson, Jim Dorschner, Scott R Gourley,
Neelam Mathews, Alexander Mladenov,
David Oliver, David Saw, Richard Scott,
Matthew Smith, Alan Warnes, Andrew White,
Jim Winchester, Tom Withington
Production Department Manager
David Hurst, david.h@shephardmedia.com
Sub-editor
Adam Wakeling
4 News
Editor-in-Chief
Tony Skinner
Chairman
Nick Prest
10
29 Biting back
15 Service status
Managing Director
Darren Lake
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32 Tail Spin
20 A cold snap
25 Class action
Radar systems
Naval rotorcraft
Scout/light attack helicopters
Guided rockets
Subscriptions
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268 Bath Road, Slough, Berks, SL1 4DX, UK
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www.iai.co.il
lahav_marketing@iai.co.il
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21/11/2014 11:22:22
COMMENT
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NEWS
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www.rotorhub.com
21/11/2014 11:42:54
NEWS
Netherlands examines
SOF aviation concept
Photo: DHC
THE NETHERLANDS DEFENCE HELICOPTER
Command (DHC) has begun working up
plans to establish a special operations forces
(SOF) air capability, officials have revealed to
Defence Helicopter.
The decision to develop such a concept
follows recent operations in Afghanistan, Iraq
and Mali where the DHC was only capable of
responding to 80% of SOF requests, according
to Col Harold Boekholt, head of operations at the
command. The new wing is expected to reach
an initial operating capability by 2016.
DHC didnt have SOF-trained pilots, but
on the other hand, they were certified to
conduct air assault operations. However, 20%
of [SOF] mission requests were deemed too
hazardous for aircrew and platforms, Boekholt
explained to DH.
The Dutch MoDs move sees it follow the likes
of the UK and US which have long-established
pilots, aircrew and platforms dedicated to the
support of SOF units.
The new wing will be required to support
the Netherlands existing SOF capability,
which currently includes the Korps
Commandotroepen, Maritime Special
Operations Forces and Brigade Speciale
Beveiligingsopdrachten, with operations
ranging from direct action and counter-terrorism
through to surveillance and reconnaissance.
According to Boekholt, the building blocks
are already in place but the DHC continues
to gather information from NATO SOF
Headquarters in Belgium as well as the US
and other countries with SOF air assets already
in place.
We have recognised that SOF is a growing
business and that rotary-wing assets need to be
a part of it. Currently, we are studying this subject
to fully understand what the incorporation of
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21/11/2014 11:42:54
NEWS
DH_NovDec14_p04-06_News.indd 6
www.rotorhub.com
21/11/2014 11:42:55
The
World lea
global attendees,
up 13% on 2011
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17:57
21/11/2014
11:49:44
NEWS ANALYSIS
Photo: USMC
THE PENTAGON HAS LAUNCHED AN
effort to find a drop-in replacement engine for
all variants of the US militarys V-22 Ospreys, as it
seeks to rein in costs and expand the platforms
operational capabilities.
In August, US Naval Air Systems Command
(NAVAIR) issued an RfI seeking input from
industry on alternate powerplant solutions
capable of powering all models of the V-22
Osprey operated by the USMC and USAF.
Allison (now Rolls-Royce) developed the
AE 1107C Liberty engine for the V-22, which
was awarded certification in 1998. However,
questions over the reliability of the powerplant
contributed to the DoD Inspector Generals
decision to conduct an audit into the
maintenance requirements of the Osprey in 2013.
In 2012, the company had been awarded a
contract to supply 268 AE 1107C engines for
USMC and USAF V-22s, with a follow-on deal for
an additional 40 engines for USMC aircraft
awarded in February.
Rolls-Royce spokesman Nick Britton said the
question of why the US military was seeking an
alternative engine was better put to NAVAIR.
We are confident that the proven AE 1107C can
continue to provide the V-22 with the power
and capability that NAVAIR requires, he told
Defence Helicopter.
USMC public affairs officer Kelly Burdick
dismissed industry speculation that the RfI
was issued as a result of concerns regarding
DH_NovDec14_p08_News_Analysis.indd 8
21/11/2014 11:49:33
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21/11/2014 11:50:06
SENSORS
Visual
impact
Helicopter-mounted imaging and targeting
systems play a fundamental role in ensuring
mission success during military operations.
Scott R Gourley examines recent developments in
the US and the impact of manned-unmanned teaming.
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SENSORS
www.rotorhub.com
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REACHING MILESTONES
The day sensor assembly effort encompasses
a two-phase activity called the Modernized
Day Sensor Assembly (M-DSA). A significant
milestone in this programme occurred in
late February 2014 when the US Armys Team
Apache conducted the first test flight of the
system on an AH-64E at Redstone Arsenal in
Huntsville, Alabama.
The full M-DSA upgrade not only enables
Apache pilots to see high-resolution, highdefinition near-IR and colour imagery on cockpit
displays, but increases M-TADS/PNVS designation
and ranging capabilities to fully accommodate
current weapons and those planned for the
future. It provides an additional field of view that
allows image blending with the M-TADS FLIR, and
enables pilots to see civilian and military lighting
on a single display more clearly.
M-DSA also provides a new laser pointer/
marker that improves coordination with ground
troops and an updated multi-mode laser with
eye-safe lasing capability that supports flight in
urban environments and critical training exercises.
The day sensor portion of the M-TADS/PNVS
system is 30-year-old technology, explained
Matt Hoffman, M-TADS/PNVS product director
at Lockheed Martin Missiles and Fire Control. As
you would guess, over the years there has been
a lot of wear and tear, with a lot of obsolescence
BREAKING TRADITION
Noting that M-DSA began as an obsolescence
mitigation activity, Hoffman said: It was not your
traditional RDT&E [research, development, test
and evaluation] effort. It was unfunded and
therefore we went through obsolescence
mitigation, with the army working capital funds
to modernise through spares. While we were
modernising the system, we decided to upgrade
many of the performance parameters as well.
He also pointed to the resulting introduction
of the high-definition colour imagery and near-IR
noted by Van Riper, as well as: the addition of a
third field of view and ability to blend with FLIR
imagery; replacement of the old high costdriver-rate gyros; introduction of a new inertial
measurement unit that provides greater stability
at longer range; extended range algorithms for
current and future weapon systems; the addition
of an eye-safe laser rangefinder/designator; and
movement of a new laser pointer from the gun
to the gimbal.
Elaborating on the laser pointer upgrade, he
offered: The old laser pointer/marker would
point wherever the gun slewed. As you might
guess, if its pointing to friendly troops, you have
to aim your weapon system at them. And thats
not such a good thing.
It also had a tendency to move around after
gun firing and during flight, moving off the target
11
21/11/2014 11:51:03
SENSORS
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21/11/2014 11:55:12
FLEET MODERNISATION
Service
status
Due to a lack of airworthy AS332 C1s, the TNI-AU is operating the
single-engined EC120 Colibri in the SAR role. (All photos: author)
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FLEET MODERNISATION
TYPE TRANSITION
After the delights of flying a basic helicopter,
the new rotary-wing pilot heads across the
ramp to operate the EC120 Colibri. The fleet of
12 single-engined five-seaters was purchased
from Eurocopter (now Airbus Helicopters) in
2001, to fulfil a training role that would allow
the Soloys to go into well-earned retirement.
After flying 30 hours learning the fundamentals
of the EC120, you qualify as a co-pilot, Capt Oktav
Iounis, one Colibri pilot, told Defence Helicopter. To
become a captain, you will need to fly 500 hours;
and an instructor, 800 hours.
In 2010, SkU 7 formed the only helicopter
aerobatic team in Asia, known as Dynamic
Pegasus, flying five EC120s. The team usually
performs at military events, but every other year
can be found at the Indo Defence exhibition
in Jakarta.
Technical issues with the TNI-AU Super Puma/
Puma fleet mean the EC120s are being used to
cover SAR responsibilities at Yogyakarta,
Madiun-Iswahyudi, Pekanbaru and Pontianak.
Cover for the first two is provided from Kalijati,
but there are detachments at Pekanbaru
(Sumatra) and Pontianak (West Kalimantan).
While DH was at Kalijati, a Colibri complete
with floats and a life raft inside was dispatched
across the sea to Pekanbaru to replace another
example. The two-man crew were due to stay
there for a month before being replaced by
another crew.
With the EC120 being used for tactical work
rather than instruction, there are aspirations to
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www.rotorhub.com
21/11/2014 11:56:22
FLEET MODERNISATION
Advantage Mototok:
INDUSTRY RESPONSE
In late 2013, DH contacted Eurocopter about
these issues. The company responded:
Eurocopter has been a partner of Indonesias
aviation industry, working closely with PTDI for
over 35 years. The Indonesia Air Force has a fleet
of six Pumas and ten Super Pumas, as well as 12
EC120 Colibris. There are two Super Puma units
yet to be delivered by PTDI, which is producing
the Super Puma under licence.
We are not aware of any technical issues
associated with their fleet. The helicopters are
either flying or undergoing maintenance works.
The Indonesia Air Force and PTDI have been
kept informed every step of the way and are well
aware of the processes to keep their helicopters
flying, during the occurrence of the Super Puma
main gearbox shaft issues. That being said, none
of their helicopters have been impacted by the
shaft issues in fact.
With all these problems with the NSA 330/
NAS332 fleet, it is no wonder the TNI-AU has
ordered six EC725s. They should be delivered in
2014/15 for the special forces/CSAR role, with a
new unit, SkU 9, to be established at Kalijati. It
is unclear if they are taking the place of the eight
Super Pumas that were never delivered.
Most of the helicopters in service with
Indonesias military have been assembled at
PTDIs Bandung facility in cooperation with
Airbus Helicopters and its predecessors. The
agreement allows the local company to market
helicopters and subsequently build them for
customers in the Asia-Pacific region.
LONG-TERM PARTNERSHIP
In a partnership that goes back to 1976, PTDI
has licence-built 123 B 105s, 11 SA 330s and
19 AS332s. Today, an assembly line for the
EC225/725 is operational after a $42 million
contract was signed in October 2008, which is
expected to see production continue for at least
ten years.
It led to an initial batch of tail booms being
completed in March 2010 and assembly work
for the first EC225/725 fuselage commencing
on 15 November 2011. A further teaming
agreement was signed on 1 July 2011 to cover
industrial cooperation and the marketing of
Eurocopter products to Indonesias government
departments.
Henri Stell, deputy VP of sales for Asia-Pacific
at the company, said at the time that both
companies could capitalise on each others
17
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DH_NovDec14_p15-18_Indonesia.indd 17
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21/11/2014 11:56:24
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FLEET MODERNISATION
An NSA 330L Puma hovers over Atang Senjaya while an injured special forces operative is pulled
up. Six EC725s on order will replace the Puma in this role.
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SPARES SOLUTION
According to an Indonesian source, spares
are a problem with the Russian helicopters, and
this goes some way to explaining why the
TNI-AD is set to receive eight AH-64E Guardians,
as announced by US Defense Secretary
Chuck Hagel in August 2013.
The FMS deal, made via the US Army, is worth
around $500 million. However, the original
Defense Security Cooperation Agency
notification was valued at around $1.42 billion in
associated weapons (including 32 Hellfire missile
launchers and 140 AGM-114R3 rounds), support
and other equipment.
The AH-64Es will defend borders,
conduct counter-terrorism and counter-piracy
operations, to ensure the free flow of shipping
through the Strait of Malacca, the US
government announced at the time.
Half of the aircraft will be based on the
Natuna Islands, off the northwest coast of
Borneo, to protect Indonesian interests in the
South China Sea, while the others will be
stationed at Pondok Cabe.
Up to 20 S-70s are also expected to be
ordered, but again no formal announcement
of this has been made. With the acquisition of so
many new helicopters, the TNI-AD has stepped
up its training requirements for around 100
additional rotary-wing pilots over the next few
years. As a result, two S-300Cs were ordered in
April 2012, with four on option.
Meanwhile, all the Indonesian Navys fleet of
helicopters, just like its fixed-wing platforms,
are based at Lanudal Juanda at Surabaya.
Pilot training is carried out on three EC120
Colibris with Skadron Udara (RON) 200 before
progressing to the other rotary-wing units RON
400 flying NB 412EP/SPs and NB 105CBs; or RON
800 operating the NAS332 F. The B 105s and
NAS332 Fs can operate from the navys Ahmad
Yani-class frigates. DH
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21/11/2014 11:56:26
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EDITION
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21/01/2014 17:18:13
KA-52 UPDATE
snap
A cold
20
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KA-52 UPDATE
Ka-52 specifications
DH_NovDec14_p20-24_Ka-52.indd 21
DIMENSIONS
Fuselage length: 13.53m
Length with rotors turning: 16m
Stub wingspan: 7.3m
Height: 4.95m
Main rotor diameter: 14.5m
WEIGHTS
Empty weight: 7,800kg
Normal take-off weight: 10,400kg
Max payload: 2,300kg
Internal fuel: 1,487kg
External fuel: 17,320kg*
PERFORMANCE
Max speed: 167kt
Max cruising speed: 145kt
Max rate of climb at sea level: 15m/s
G-limits: +3.5/-1.3
Service ceiling: 17,000ft
OGE hover ceiling in ISA conditions:
12,800ft
IGE hover ceiling in ISA conditions:
14,250ft
Combat radius: 200-250km**
Ferry range: 1,080km
* in four underwing tanks
** on internal fuel with 5% reserve
21
21/11/2014 11:58:56
KA-52 UPDATE
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www.rotorhub.com
21/11/2014 11:58:58
KA-52 UPDATE
X FACTOR
The targeting suite incorporates the X-band
FH01 Arbalet-52 radar set (8mm wavelength),
with a large parabolic antenna scanning a 120
sector in front of the helicopter 60 left and
right. Developed by Phazotron-NIIR, it is claimed
to be the first attack helicopter radar fielded in
service in Russia, and is useful for night and
adverse weather operations, provides target
detection and obstacle avoidance data to
facilitate ultra-low altitude flying as well as
mapping underlying terrain. The radar also
features a moving target indication mode.
www.rotorhub.com
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KA-52 UPDATE
Shipborne Ka-52K
The first prototype of the Ka-52 during ship suitability trials on board the
ASW ship Admiral Kulakov in the Barents Sea in 2011. (Photo: Kamov)
24
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TRAINING
A Colorado Army National Guard
CH-47 carries out a high-altitude
landing at the HAATS facility.
(Photo: Colorado ArNG)
Class
action
Providing effective training,
both in terms of performance
and cost, is essential for
helicopter forces operating
within todays fiscally
challenged environment.
Mark W Grapin
examines the models being
implemented in the US.
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21/11/2014 12:00:27
TRAINING
26
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21/11/2014 12:00:29
Defence Helicopter_Experience_nov/dec_AM
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Helicopter_Experience_nov/dec_AM308.indd
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21/11/2014
2014-10-0612:00:29
2:13 PM
TRAINING
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DH_NovDec14_p29-31_Iran.indd 29
Biting
back
29
21/11/2014 12:01:36
MODERNISATION PROCESS
For years, IRIAA Cobra combat readiness
was significantly reduced following US sanctions.
However, since 2002 the Iranian Helicopter
Support and Renewal Company (IHSRC),
Iranian Aircraft Manufacturing Industries (IAMI),
Iranian Electronics Industries (IEI) and Isfahan
Optics Industries (IOI) together with IRIAA
maintenance groups have started the
refurbishment, overhaul and modernisation of
a large group of stored AH-1Js.
The Tiztak 2091, Toufan 1 and Toufan 2
upgrade programmes took place between
1999 and 2012, with five attack squadrons and
one training squadron now operating Non-TOW
and TOW versions of the International Cobra.
In 2002, Irans Defence Industries Organisation
(DIO) was tasked to address combat readiness
concerns about the IRIAAs AH-1J fleet, with
IHSRC, IAMI and IOI all being involved in the
programme. IHSRC increased the amount of
AH-1 spare parts availability through contractors
in Israel, Malaysia, Singapore, Spain and the US,
among other countries.
More than 15 AH-1Js that had previously
been cannibalised between 1999 and 2001
were returned to service after depot-level
maintenance at IRIAA air bases. Meanwhile,
IHSRC was also performing programmed depot
maintenance of double the amount of Cobras at
its well-equipped installation north of Mehrabad
International Airport in Tehran.
INDUSTRY INSIGHT
In addition to these programmes, IOI was tasked
with refurbishing inactive M65 Telescopic
Sight Units (TSUs) of Iranian TOW Cobras
between 2002 and 2010. IAMI was also tasked
with modernising the platforms themselves
as part of the first phase of Toufan.
During the project, all the TSUs were
restored, and even upgraded by IOI and IEI.
They were also modified to aim and launch IEIproduced Toufan 2 and Toufan 3 TOWs (domestic
versions of the BGM-71G and BGM-71H missiles)
with greater range and more accuracy. New IEI
U/VHF radio sets were also provided.
Another important project was Ghodrat
(Power), which saw IHSRC update AH-1J
engines. Under this programme, the company
delivered two examples with improved
powerplants in the early 1990s. After several
weeks, pilots reportedly realised that the engines
had not been renewed at all IHSRC had simply
30
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TAIL SPIN
True
colours
Marking the occasion of the first demonstration
flight for the Apache Modernized Day Sensor Assembly,
Lt Col Steven Van Riper spoke to Scott R Gourley
about his thoughts on the upgrade programme.
32
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THINK
SPECIAL OPERATIONS
Armed with cutting edge defense helicopter technology. All-weather
capable, unrivalled in the harshest environments, combat proven.
Ready for special operations from most remote areas or warships.
EC725 - Deploy the best.
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18/07/2014
10:54