COMMUNITY PREPAREDNESS

CLASS
PREPARING FOR A PANDEMIC

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WHAT IS A PANDEMIC?
A pandemic is an epidemic of
infectious disease that spreads through
populations across a large region; for
instance a continent, or even worldwide."

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DEFINITIONS
Virus: a sub-microscopic infectious
agent that is unable to grow or
reproduce outside a host cell. Viruses
infect all cellular life."

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DEFINITIONS
Exposure: contact with a virus that
may or may not lead to infection.
Incubation: the time between infection
and symptoms appearing.
Infection: the time at which you
become infected.

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DEFINITIONS
Contagious: the time after which an
infected person can spread the virus to
others.
Symptomatic: the time at which
symptoms first appear.
Transference: The means by which
the disease is transferred, ie contact, vs
airborne vs bodily fluid.

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DEFINITIONS
Mortality Rate: The rate at which the
infected actually die.
Low Pathogenic: low likelihood that
infection will lead to death of host.
High Pathogenic: high likelihood that
infection will lead to death of host.

Virulence: Percentage of those

exposed who become infected.

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SPANISH FLU OF 1918

1918 Flu Pandemic killed 50,000,000
worldwide, 5% of the worlds population.
500,000,000 infected worldwide.
50% of those exposed became infected.
10-20% of those infected, died.
Typical flu kills .01% so this flu was many
times more deadly than typical flu.
Typical flu kills about 35,000 people a year.

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SPANISH FLU 1918-1920

Contact was airborne from microdroplets in air from breathing and
coughing of infected patients.
Infection was largely preventable with
proper hygiene and isolation.
Viral flu was non-responsive to any
medication and caused death very
quickly (24 hrs).
Jan 09

1
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EBOLA VIRUS
Ebola virus is a hemorrhagic fever
closely related to Marburg virus.
Originally discovered in Zaire, now the
Republic of Congo, named after river.
Ebola is officially titled Zaire Ebolavirus

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EBOLA VIRUS
Ebola is extremely deadly in the human population,
killing 50-90% of those infected.
Incubation period is 2-21 days.
Patient is contagious when symptomatic.(Without
the person being symptomatic, semen can transmit
the virus up to 7 weeks after infection.)
Once symptomatic, death can occur within hours or
days.
Questionable regarding when actual
contagiousness begins. Officially they are stating,
its when symptoms begin.
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TRANSFERENCE
Officially, according to WHO and CDC, the
virus can only be transferred through contact
with bodily fluids of a contagious individual,
including saliva, sweat, tears blood and vomit.
Pathogenic footprint (how far it travels) may
be larger than thought for coughs and
sneezes. Up to 200x further than thought
(see 2014 MIT study)
Also from contact with infected items and
dead bodies, which are most contagious
immediately after death.
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TRANSFERENCE
CDC projects 1.4 million Ebola cases by
Jan. 2015
EBOLA VIRUS MAY BE FAR MORE
INFECTIOUS THAN REPORTED.

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TRANSFERENCE
Corpses remain infectious for a range of
times, depending on heat, humidity.
Contact with infected surfaces can lead
to infection.

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TRANSFERENCE
Because the person becomes
contagious after symptoms appear, an
infected asymptomatic person can get
on a plane, become symptomatic and
expose potentially everyone on that
plane.

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THE SUPER SPREADERS

Who is a Super Spreader?
A highly infectious person who spreads the
agent of an infectious disease to many other
people. ie. Typhoid Mary
80/20 rule: 20% of the population is
responsible for 80% of disease spread.
Examples: Teachers, airline stewards, store
cashiers, waiters, cooks, travelers, etc.

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SYMPTOMS
Fever, rash, sweating, diarrhea, seizures
Internal organs hemorrhage, COUGHING
up and vomiting blood.
Essentially, organs liquefy and bloody
secretions leak out every orifice.

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SYMPTOMS
By the time the symptoms appear, the
only useful care is comfort care.
There is no cure, no current vaccine,
except in development.
Reminder: Male patients can remain
contagious up to and possibly beyond 7
WEEKS through semen, without any
symptoms.
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WHAT DETERMINES VIRULENCE

Exposure
Infection
Incubation
Symptomatic
Contagious
This determines virulence

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WHAT DETERMINES VIRULENCE

Exposure
Infection
Incubation Symptomatic
Contagious
Death
Incubation is so short, that ability to spread is limited.

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SOCIAL DISTANCING
The only sure way to prevent
transference of the disease is to prevent
exposure.
The only way to prevent exposure is to
completely isolate.

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PREVENTING EXPOSURE
Social isolation is key to survival.
Self imposed quarantine or Social
Distancing.
90 days is required for disease to pass
through an area.

Complete isolation is the ONLY

effective means to prevent exposure.

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SOCIAL DISTANCING
Samoa avoided infection or death due
to Spanish flu.
Samoa closed their ports, and did not
allow a single ship or person ashore for
two years.
Isolation worked.
Completely.

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SOCIAL DISTANCING
What does it mean?
Staying indoors in your home
or other location.
Not having any social contact
for any reason with anyone,
outside the home.
90 days is generally
accepted as the burnout time
for a pandemic.
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HOW IS IT DONE?
Close the doors to the house.
Do not go outside again until the danger
is passed.
How do you do that?

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SOCIAL DISTANCING
In order to be able to survive indoors for
90 days, you must prepare in advance.
This includes addressing the following
categories:
Food, water, medical needs, sanitation
needs, defense needs, fuel needs.

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WHAT TO EXPECT
Will the power grid, water, sewer,
garbage collection, phone services,
internet be up and running for 90 days?
In some areas, yes, probably. Most
other areas, not so much.

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SELF SUFFICIENCY
What percentage of people calling in sick will
bring down the delivery of goods and
services?
What percentage of key infrastructure
workers calling in sick will disrupt delivery of
utilities?

25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
1%

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SELF SUFFICIENCY
What percentage of people calling in sick will
bring down the delivery of goods and
services?
What percentage of key infrastructure
workers calling in sick will disrupt delivery of
utilities?

25%
20%
15%
<10%
5%
1%

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GRID WILL GO DOWN

You have to be prepared for a loss of
power, water, phone, and internet
services.

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SOCIAL DISTANCING
90 Days Food Supply
Canned/refrigerated food (meat, canned
tuna, vegetables, etc.)
Long term storage foods (rice, beans,
wheat, dehydrated food, etc.)
Comfort foods (candy, chocolate, etc.)

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SOCIAL DISTANCING
90 Days Water Supply
1-5 Gallons per person per
day stored.
Water boxes
50 gal. blue food containers.

Water purification of water

from outside.
Filtering
Chemical treatment
Distillation/Boiling

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SOCIAL DISTANCING
90 Days Supply of Fuel
Fuel oil for furnace.
Kerosene for KeroSun type heaters.
Wood for wood stove.
Propane or white gas for cooking.
Kerosene, propane, or white gas for lanterns.
Gasoline for generator.

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SOCIAL DISTANCING

Medicines and Medical Supplies

90 plus days of prescriptions
OTC medicines
Bandaging and other medical supplies

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SOCIAL DISTANCING
Sanitation
Garbage disposal
Human waste disposal
Dead body disposal
Disinfecting

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DISINFECTING AND CLEAN-UP

Ebola medical waste must be handled with
appropriate protective gear.
Bedding, bandages, medical waste should be
gathered and burned.
Human waste and vomit must be covered with quick
lime and left in place when possible. After it has
dried out, it can be carefully shoveled and buried.
All surfaces should be cleaned with a concentrated
bleach water spray.
Liquid bleach has a shelf life of 6 months
Use powdered bleach (pool shock calcium hypochlorate)
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SOCIAL DISTANCING
Defense
Assume that social order will collapse as
disease worsens as has happened in areas
currently battling the epidemic.
Be prepared to defend your isolation.

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SOCIAL DISTANCING
Dealing with Self-Imposed Quarantine
Books, Games, Crafts, Projects
Do not count on Internet
Communications
FRS Radios
Ham Radios
Cell Phones
White boards

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PROTOCOLS
Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)
that you use to ensure consistent
behavior.
Exact consistency is essential to
maintaining complete isolation.

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ISOLATION TERMS
Isolation: Closing oneself and family
away for the duration of the pandemic.
This means living indoors in your house
or other building, and not having any
physical contact with any other person.

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ISOLATION TERMS
Border: The outside boundary of your
isolation area. I have a chain link fence
on two sides of the property and a wall
on the other two. Once I go inside my
border, it becomes sacrosanct. NO
ONE is allowed to cross that border
without permission.

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ISOLATION TERMS
The Outside Area: This is the area
between the outside boundary or border
and the walls of the house, typically
called the yard. It becomes a no-mans
land, a buffer zone accessed only by
the Outside Man.

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ISOLATION TERMS
The Outside Man: this is a volunteer/s who
resides in the Outside Area, lives in a
separate shelter from the main home,
maintains the border, and handles logistics
for the main household when contact with the
community is required. He remains isolated
from the people outside the boundary, and
from the people inside the house.

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ISOLATION TERMS
The Inside Area: This is the family abode.
Its typically a house, or it may be an office
facility, or a warehouse, which is lockable and
somewhat defendable (to a point, as most
domiciles are not even remotely defendable.)
You need containment and isolation from the
outside world.

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ISOLATION TERMS
Isolation Area: A holding area for those who
may have been exposed to wait out the
incubation time. They will either contact the
disease, or last though the incubation time
without becoming infected. After undergoing
a meticulous scrub down and burning their
clothes, they are clear to enter the house.

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ISOLATION TERMS
Virtual Sally Port: The area near an
outside door where outgoing items
(garbage, human waste, etc) are placed
for the outside man to deal with.
Assures no direct contact between
outside and inside.

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Border

My House
Wall
Outside Area

Shed

Fence
Inside Area
Corral

House

Garage

Isolation Tents

Border

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WHEN TO RESPOND
By the time the Govt, makes official
announcements, youre likely behind the
curve. Be proactive.
Pay attention to any news reports regarding
regional or local conditions.
If you hear of Ebola in your area, prepare to
hunker down.
If the CDC or WHO tells you there is nothing to
fear, be skeptical.
Prepare.
.
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EBOLA & ENTEROVIRUS 68

LINKS
Sick Dallas Ebola patient prematurely sent home
from ER.
Parents pull Children out of School
Enterovirus-68 related to paralysis in Children.
Now in 40 states.
ANOTHER virus: Chikungunya, spread by mosquitos
more than 1 million people infected, causes high
fevers and long-term excruciating joint pain.
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