A.

B.
C.

TITTLE OF EXPERIMENT
DATE OF EXPERIMENT
AIM OF EXPERIMENT

: DETERMINE THE PERCENTAGE OF Cl: 15th OCTOBER 2014

: to determine the percentage of chloride in the
water sample

D.

BASIC THEORY

Wide - range of chemicals such as ozone (O3), chlorine (Cl2), Chlor dioxyde
(ClO2), and physical processes such as irradiation with UV, warming and others - others,
used for water disinfection. And wide - range of these substances, chlorine is a chemical
that is used.
Besides being able to eradicate bacteria and microorganisms such as amoebae,
algae and others - others, can oxidize chlorine ions - metal ions such as Fe2 + to Fe3 +,
Mn2 + to Mn4 +, and break down organic molecules such as color. During the process,
the chlorine itself becomes chloride (Cl), which does not have the power of disinfection.
Most chloride dissolves in water. But there are some chloride insoluble in water
such as mercury (I) chloride, Hg2Cl2, silver chloride, AgCl, lead chloride, PbCl2, copper
(I) chloride, CuCl, bismuth oxychloride, BiOCl, antimony oxychloride, SbOCl, etc.
Chloride (Cl) when reacted with a solution of silver nitrate (AgNO3) will produce a white
precipitate of silver chloride, AgCl, which is like curd. Insoluble in water and in dilute
nitric acid, but soluble in dilute ammonia solution and in solution - aqueous solution of
potassium cyanide and thiosulphate.
Cl- + Ag+ AgCl
AgCl + 2 NH3 [Ag(NH3)2]+ + Cl[Ag(NH3)2]+ + Cl- + 2 H+ AgCl

+ 2 NH4+

The formation of a chromate on the distillate showed the presence of a chloride

in solids, since chromil chloride is a volatile liquid (volatile) (mp 116.5 C) c
Cr2O72- + 4Cl- + 6 H+ 2CrO2Cl2

+ 3 H2O

CrO2Cl2 + 4OH- CrO42- + 2Cl- + 2 H2O

6 Cl- + Cr2O72- + 14 H+ 3 Cl2 + 2 Cr3+ + 7H2O

Bromide and iodide cause halogen-free, which resulted in a colorless solution
with sodium hydroxide solution. In an atmosphere of neutral or weak alkaline, chloride
ions into silver chloride precipitated. Excess silver nitrate reacts with potassium chromate
red brick Reactions involved are:
Cl- + AgNO3 AgCl + NO32AgCl + K2Cr2O7 Ag2Cr2O7 + 2KCl
Red brick precipitate
E.

TOOLS AND MATERIALS

-

F.

Buret 50 mL
Volumetric Pippte 25 mL
Volumetric Silinder
Statif and clame
Erlenmayer flask
Beakerglass
Water sample
K2Cr2O7
AgNO3

PROCEDUR

Water Sample

Take the sample using volumetric pippte 12,5

mL
Entered into Erlenmeyer flask 250 mL
Added with 10 drops of K2Cr2O7
Tittrated using basic solution of AgNO3 Until
the colour become red brick and you can see
Percentage of cl (mg/L)
at the last point of titration (A)

Water Blanko

Take the blanko using volumetric pippte 12,5

mL
Entered into erlenmeyer flask 250 mL
Added with 10 drops of K2Cr2O7
Tittrated using basic solution of AgNO3 Until
the colour become red brick and you can see
Percentage of cl (mg/L)
at the last point of titration (A)

G.

No

DATA OF EXPERIMENT

Procedur

Data
Before

Water Sample
Take the sample using
volumetric pippte 12,5 mL
Entered into erlenmeyer flask
250 mL
Added with 10 drops of
K2Cr2O7
Tittrated using basic solution of
AgNO3 Until the colour
become red brick and you can
the last point of titration
Percentage see
of clat(mg/L)
(A)

Dugaan Reaksi

Sample solution :
turbide, consist of
brown precipitate

V1 : 1,3 mL
V2 : 1,4 mL
V3 : 1,3 mL

K2Cr2O7
solution : yellow
solution

The sample
colour after
titration with
AgNO3 : the
colour bicome
orange turbide,
and there are
red brick
precipitate

AgNO3 solution :
colourless

Kesimpulan

After
AgNO3 + Cl- AgCl
+ NO3AgCl + K2Cr2O7
Ag2Cr2O7 + 2 KCl
Red brick
precipitate

Average of
blanco :
0,76 mL
V1 Cl : 1.531,44
mg/L
V1 C2 :
1.815,04 mg/L
V3 Cl : 1.531,44
mg/L

Blanco

blanko solution :
colourless

Take the Blanco using

volumetric pippte 12,5 mL

K2Cr2O7
solution : yellow
solution

Entered into Erlenmeyer flask

250 mL

AgNO3 solution :
colourless

Added with 10 drops of

K2Cr2O7
Tittrated using basic solution of
AgNO3 Until the colour
become redish brown and you
at the last point of
Percentage can
of clsee
(mg/L)
titration (A)

V1 : 0,7 mL
V2 : 0,8 mL
V3 : 0,8 mL
The sample
colour after
titration with
AgNO3 : the
colour bicome
orange turbide,

H.

ANALYSIS DATA
In our experiment the aim is to determin the percentage of chloride in the water
sample in the Porong . In this experiment we put 12.5 ml of water sampel and edded into
erlenmeyer flask 250 mL. And then we added with 10 drops of K 2Cr2O7 Solution and
than we tittrated with basic AgNO 3 Solution until the colour of solution become reddish
brown at the end point of tittrasion. Before the solution is tittrated the sample solution is
turbide and consist of brown precipitate. But, after added with 10 drops of K 2Cr2O7
solution, the solution is become yellow. Than we tittrated with AgNO3b until three
replications and the colour changes become dark and founded precipitate.
AgNO3 + Cl- AgCl + NO3AgCl + K2Cr2O7 Ag2Cr2O7 + 2 KCl
Red brick precipitate
From our experiment, we also determine the percentage of the chloride in our
water sample from porong. Becouse we do three replication of sample titration, so we got
three result, which is the average of percentage chloride in our sample is. 1.625,97 mg/L.
So its mean that in the sample that we use, is so many contain of chloride.

I.

CONCLUSION
The conclusion of our experiment is the percentage of the chloride in the water
sample in porong. We get the average percentage is 1.625,97 mg/L. Its mean that the
water sample contain so many of chloride. Because the standard percentage in the water
is 250 mg/L.

J.

DAFTAR PUSTAKA
:
Angelica, R.J.1969. Synthesis and Technique In Inorganic Chemistry.London :
W.B Saundary Company
Svehla, G.1979. Textbook Of Macro and Semimicro Qualitative Inorganic
Analysis.London : Longman Group Limited.
Tim. 2014. Petunjuk Praktikum Kimia Lingkungan.Surabaya : Unesa