The bond between a phosphate group and the ribose sugar group in RNA is called which of the

following?
(A) Phosphodiester linkage
(B) Glycosidic bond
(C) Peptide bond
(D) Amide bond
Which of the following is does not play a role in DNA replication?
(A) DNA polymerase
(B) Helicase
(C) Single-stranded binding protein
(D) Guanyl transferase
Splicing is the process that does which of the following?
(A) Remove introns and conserve exons
(B) Remove exons and conserve introns
(C) Remove mutated regions of primary transcript RNA
(D) Add multiple adenosine bases to the end of a primary RNA transcript
Which of the following is not a characteristic of eukaryotic DNA transcription?
(A) Multiple RNA polymerases
(B) TATA-binding protein
(C) Strict promoter sequences
(D) Transcription factors
Which of the following codons cannot be recognized by a tRNA molecule?
(A) UAA
(B) CGA
(C) UUU
(D) AUG
What is the rate of DNA translation?
(A) 80 nucleotides per second
(B) 200 nucleotides per second

(C) 60 nucleotides per second

(D) 40 nucleotides per second
Which of the following is not a common hydrogen bond acceptor?
(A) A carbonyl
(B) Primary amine
(C) Hydroxyl
(D) Tertiary amine
During DNA replication, the 3' OH of the growing DNA chain attacks which phosphate of an
incoming nucleotide?
(A) Alpha
(B) Beta
(C) Gamma
(D) Delta
The ideal spacing between the 10 and 35 regions of a prokaryotic promoter is:
(A) 14
(B) 15
(C) 16
(D) 17
The 5' capping process creates what type of linkage?
(A) 5'-3'
(B) 3'-5'
(C) 5'-5'
(D) 3'-3'
Codons that code for the same amino acid are called:
(A) Synonyms
(B) Similar
(C) Degenerates
(D) Complements
Which of the following is not a characteristic of a tRNA molecule?

(A) D arm
(B) Beta arm
(C) T arm
(D) Anti-codon arm
Adenine and guanine are examples of what class of nitrogen base?
(A) Large
(B) Pyrimidines
(C) Small
(D) Purines
What is the rate of mammalian DNA replication?
(A) 500 nucleotides per second
(B) 100 nucleotides per second
(C) 50 nucleotides per second
(D) 10 nucleotides per second
What signals the end of transcription?
(A) Stop codon
(B) Terminator
(C) The end of the DNA chain
(D) RNA polymerase runs out
What is the function of the poly A tail?
(A) Helps with recognition by ribosomes during translation
(B) Eases transportation from the cell nucleus to the cytoplasm
(C) Prevents mutations
(D) The function is unknown
Which of the following is not a name for newly synthesized eukaryotic RNA?
(A) Mature RNA
(B) Primary transcript RNA
(C) Pre-mRNA
(D) Transcript RNA

The start codon is:

(A) AUU
(B) UAA
(C) AUG
(D) UAG
How do the large and small subunits of a ribosome come together during translation?
(A) Self-assembly
(B) With the aid of translation factors
(C) By the hydrolysis of ATP
(D) With the help of tRNAs
Which of the following is not a component of a nucleotide?
(A) Phosphate group
(B) Anti-codon
(C) Ribose sugar
(D) Nitrogen base
What is the rate of mutation per round of DNA replication?
(A) 1 in 1,000 base pairs
(B) 1 in 10,000 base pairs
(C) 1 in 1,000,000 base pairs
(D) 1 in 1,000,000,000 base pairs
Which of the subunits of RNA polymerase holoenzyme is responsible for promoter recognition?
(A) The beta subunit
(B) The sigma subunit
(C) The gamma subunit
(D) The delta subunit
Which of the following is an example of a missense mutation?
(A) UAC to UAG
(B) AAA to UAA
(C) UGC to UCC

(D) UAA to UGA

The structure of tRNA resembles a(n):
(A) Cloverleaf
(B) L
(C) A helix
(D) B helix
Which of the following is not a DNA base?
(A) Thymine
(B) Uracil
(C) Adenine
(D) Guanine
What provides the energy that drives the addition of nucleotides to a growing DNA chain during
replication?
(A) The release of a pyrophosphate
(B) The hydrolysis of ATP
(C) The hydrolysis of a pyrophosphate
(D) The hydrolysis of GTP
Which of the following is the sequence of the 10 region of prokaryotic promoters?
(A) TATAAT
(B) TTGACA
(C) TATA
(D) CAA
What is the name of the molecule that is added to the 5' end of eukaryotic RNA transcripts?
(A) ATP
(B) SnRNP
(C) GTP
(D) Phosphate
According to the wobble hypothesis, a U in the 5' position of the anitcodon can pair with:
(A) U or C

(B) A or G
(C) A, C, or G
(D) Only A
What is the name of the enzyme responsible for helping charge tRNA molecules?
(A) Guanyl transferase
(B) Polymerase
(C) Helicase
(D) Aminoacyl-tRNA synthase
Which of the following is not an RNA base?
(A) Adenine
(B) Uracil
(C) Thymine
(D) Cytosine
The strand on which DNA replication is continuous is called the:
(A) Leading strand
(B) Lagging strand
(C) Major strand
(D) Minor strand
Which of the following is not characteristic of prokaryotic terminators?
(A) Rho-independent terminators
(B) Rho-dependent terminators
(C) The TATA box
(D) Hairpin loops
What is the sequence recognized by poly (A) polymerase?
(A) TATAAA
(B) CAA
(C) CCCGAA
(D) AAUAAA
What is the name of a mutation that changes the reading frame of an RNA molecule?

(A) Frameshift mutation

(B) Missense mutation
(C) Nonsense mutation
(D) Change-frame mutation
The 3' end of a tRNA molecule contains which of the following sequences?
(A) TATA
(B) CAA
(C) AUG
(D) UAA
What is the name of the bond that links the nitrogen base and the ribose sugar in a nucleotide?
(A) Phosphodiester bond
(B) 5'-5' bond
(C) Glycosidic bond
(D) Amide bond
What is the enzyme responsible for stitching together Okazaki fragments?
(A) Helicase
(B) Single-stranded binding protein
(C) Primase
(D) Ligase
Which of the following sequences is not typical of a eukaryotic polymerase II promoter?
(A) TATAAAA
(B) TTGACA
(C) GCCCAATCT
(D) GGGCG
How many base pairs make up a codon?
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 4

How many amino acids are there?

(A) 20
(B) 30
(C) 40
(D) 50
What is the name of the proteins that catalyze the release of the peptide chain at
translationtermination?
(A) Terminators
(B) Releasors
(C) Rho
(D) Release factors
How many hydrogen bonds are formed between one A:T base pair?
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 4
What is the name of the enzyme responsible for unwinding helical DNA for replication?
(A) Helicase
(B) Polymerase
(C) Ligase
(D) Exonuclease
Which of the following is not involved in the splicing reaction?
(A) 5' splice site
(B) Hairpin loops
(C) Branch A point
(D) 3' splice site
Between which phosphate groups is the linkage between the GTP molecule and RNA chain in the 5'
cap?
(A) Beta-beta
(B) Alpha-gamma

(C) Gamma-beta
(D) Alpha-beta
How many nucleotides specify an amino acid?
(A) 3
(B) 6
(C) 9
(D) 12
What links codons and anti-codons together during DNA translation?
(A) DNA ligase
(B) Single-stranded binding protein
(C) Complementary base pairing
(D) GTP
Which of the following is not a source of DNA damage?
(A) Chemical damage
(B) Splicing
(C) Attack by water
(D) Radiation damage
At which position on the ribose ring is the base group attached to the nitrogen base group?
(A) 1'
(B) 2'
(C) 3'
(D) 4'