Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Perpetaan Geologi
(Tahap Pemetaan Geologi : Sampling, Penomoran & Plotting)
Oleh :
Irvani
Referensi :
Sukandarrumidi, 2011. Pemetaan Geolog : Penuntun Praktis Untuk
Geologist Pemula. UGM Press, Yogyakarta.
Coe, A.L., Argles, T.W., Rothery, D.A. And Spicer, R.A., 2010.
Geological Field Techniques, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., UK.
Bates, R.L. and Jackson, J.A., 1987. Glossary Geology. 3th Edition.
American Geological Institute Elexandria, Virginia.
Van Der Pluijm, B. A. and Marshak, S. 2004. Earth Structure. 2nd
Edition. W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., USA.
Dll
2. Orientated samples
Younging direction and approximately orientated
samples
For sedimentary rocks the younging direction is often required
and is usually recorded on the face perpendicular to bedding
with an arrow. If the bedding orientation is not clear this may
also need to be recorded so that the section can be cut
perpendicular to the bedding. For igneous rocks the younging
direction may need to be recorded for cumulates, pyroclastic
rocks, and igneous rocks containing flow features and
vesicles. For samples from metamorphic rocks it is also often
necessary to record the top surface because of the need to
obtain thin - sections in a particular orientation relative to the
structural fabric(s).
Practical advice
1. Packing and marking materials
Cling film/shrink wrap: This is very useful for fragile
specimens such as fossils and mudstones. As well as the
obvious advantage of helping to hold the specimen together
the fi lm also retains the moisture in the sample, allowing it to
be dried out under controlled conditions.
Paper: This is useful to help protect delicate specimens and
for packing. It should not be used in direct contact with the
rocks if the samples are also to be used for geochemical
analysis, particularly organic carbon analyses.
Polythene sample bags: It is good practice to put each
sample into a new bag to avoid cross - contamination. Most
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2. Extraction of samples
Different rocks break in different ways, but skill and
experience
enable the geologist to obtain the best samples.
Look for somewhere that is safe and easy to access and
where there is a piece jutting out that might easily be
removed.
You should also consider the impact of extraction on the
environment and preferably choose a location that will not
be obvious.
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II Plotting
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Mapping techniques
Traverse mapping
(a) A linear traverse mapped in the Alaknanda
valley, northwest India. In this complex orogenic
zone, the focus of this project was on gathering
structural data and collecting samples for
metamorphic and geochemical analysis. (b)
Correcting a closed compass traverse for minor
bearing errors. When the traverse was plotted
using the bearings and distances in the notebook
(red lines), the last leg (e to a) did not join up
exactly to the origin (Point A), by a closure error
of 43 m. The traverse was corrected by adjusting
each plotted point (a to e) parallel to the closure
error (green lines) by an amount proportional to
the cumulative distance travelled to reach that
point. So, for point d, correction = 43
(780/1435) = 23.4 m. The result is the corrected
closed traverse ABCDE (dashed blue lines).
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http://dearthurjr.blogspot.com/2014/04/struktur-geologi-daerah-tompo-kecamatan_20.html
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Foto 5. Kenampakan bidang sesar pada litologi tufa halus disekitar stasiun 63
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Terima Kasih
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