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T H E
FRESHMAN
15
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FRESHMAN
The fabric was cut into half. A multi-fiber strip was baste stitched to
one of the cloth halves. This cloth was washed in a 50:1 soap solution.
Then it was rinsed in warm water and dried. The cloth was compared
to the unwashed half for extent of color bleeding. The cloth was
graded according to the system of the PTRI, as follows:
5 minimal to no bleeding / staining
4 slight bleeding / staining
3 noticeable bleeding / staining
2 considerable bleeding / staining
1 much bleeding / staining
RESULTSAND DISCUSSION
The percentage yields for the two extraction methods were
low. See Table 1. This may be due to the high moisture content
(67%) of the sawdust. The 400g of sawdust weighed was mostly
due to the moisture.
The dye produced from Method 1 was darker than the dye
from Method 2. It had a greater staining property on the cotton.
However, the dyed cotton bled, particularly with the dye produced
from Method 1.
When tested on silk, the dye of Methods 1 and 2 produced the
same results. Slight to no bleeding and staining were observed in the
cloths after they were washed.
The dye had a greater affinity to silk than cotton. The dyed
silk were darker and minimal bleeding occurred. This greater affinity
to silk may be due to the fact that silk is an animal fiber while cotton
is a vegetable fiber. While cotton is mainly cellulosic, silk is composed
of animal protein. It is possible that silk fibers retain the dye than
cellulose.
Between alum and copper sulfate, copper sulfate was observed
as a better mordant. More color is imparted to the cloth when copper
sulfate is used. This may be due to the dye reacting better with
copper sulfate than with alum. Tables 2 and 3 show the effects of the
dye and the mordants used on the test fabric.
The bleeding test showed that the dye can cause no staining
on undyed fabric. This means that it would not affect the colors of
fabrics when a cloth dyed with the sawdust dye is washed together
with other fabrics.
For better extraction of dye from sawdust, the authors
recommend soaking the sawdust for some time before boiling it.
Alcohol may be used to extract the dye instead of water. Use of other
mordants, such as iron sulfate, is also recommended.
Replicate
Weight of Dye
% yield
3.7g
0.93
3.6g
0.90
4.6g
1.15
4.0g
1.0
Mordant
Degree of
Degree of
bleeding
staining
alum
4-5
copper sulfate
4-5
alum
4-5
copper sulfate
4-5
Mordant
Degree of
bleeding
Degree of
staining
alum
coppersulfate
2-3
2-3
5
5
alum
3-4
coppersulfate
3-4
Researchers:
Harold Louis Trinidad
DC Vincent Saguin
Wilson Namocot, Jr.
Avon Aurel de Guzman
Adviser:
Ms. Doreen Darvin
Philippine Science High School, Quezon City
Note
No part of this article may be used or reproduced in any form whatsoever
without written permission from the Philippine Science High School, Diliman,
Quezon City, except in the case of brief citations as embodied in the laws
of scientific articles and reviews.
FRESHMAN
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