Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
SUMMARY
S
p mv
(8.2)
dp
gF
dt
S
(8.4)
p 5 mv
py
px
J gF1t 2 - t 12 gF t
t2
gF dt
Lt1
S
(Fav)x
J p2 p1
(8.6)
t1
P pA pB
S
m A vA m B vB
S
(8.14)
t2
If gF 0, then P constant.
S
FB on A
S
FA on B
x
S
P 5 pA 1 pB 5 constant
r cm
m1 r1 m2 r2 m3 r3
m1 + m2 + m3 +
vA1
M vcm
S
vA2
vB2
Shell explodes
cm
cm
(8.29)
S
P m 1 v1 m 2 v2 m 3 v3
S
cm
g im i r i
g im i
S
vB1
A B
(8.32)
gFext M a cm
(8.34)
Rocket propulsion: In rocket propulsion, the mass of a rocket changes as the fuel is used up
and ejected from the rocket. Analysis of the motion of the rocket must include the momentum
carried away by the spent fuel as well as the momentum of the rocket itself. (See Examples 8.15
and 8.16.)
266
Jx 5 (Fav)x(t2 2 t1)
(8.7)
Collisions: In collisions of all kinds, the initial and nal total momenta are equal. In an elastic collision between two bodies, the initial and nal total kinetic energies are also equal, and the initial and
nal relative velocities have the same magnitude. In an inelastic two-body collision, the total
kinetic energy is less after the collision than before. If the two bodies have the same nal velocity,
the collision is completely inelastic. (See Examples 8.78.12.)
Center of mass: The position vector of the center of
S
mass of a system of particles, r cm , is a weighted averS
S
age of the positions r 1 , r 2 , of the individual partiS
cles. The total momentum P of a system equals its total
mass M multiplied by the velocity of its center of mass,
S
vcm . The center of mass moves as though all the mass
M were concentrated at that point. If the net external
force on the system is zero, the center-of-mass velocity
S
vcm is constant. If the net external force is not zero, the
center of mass accelerates as though it were a particle
of mass M being acted on by the same net external
force. (See Examples 8.13 and 8.14.)
Fx
(8.5)
1x-direction
vfuel 5 v 2 vex
v 1 dv
2dm
m 1 dm