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(a)
f(c) exists
(ii)
(iii)
x c -
Lt f(x) = f(c).
x c -
f(c) exists
(ii)
Lt
x c +
(iii)
Lt
x c +
f(x) = f(c).
f(c) exists
(ii)
(iii)
x c
Lt f(x) = f(c).
x c
x c
3.2
af is continuous at x = c, " a R
(ii)
f + g is continuous at x = c
(iii)
f g is continuous at x = c
(iv)
fg is continuous at x = c
(v)
f
is continuous at x = c, provided g(c) 0.
g
Property 2. Let D1 and D2 be the domains of continuity of the functions f and g respectively
then
(i)
(ii)
f + g is continuous on D1 D2
(iii)
f g is continuous on D1 D2
(iv)
fg is continuous on D1 D2
(v)
f
is continuous on D1 D2 except those points where g(x) = 0.
g
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(a)
dy
dy
du
=
.
.
dx
du
dx
(b)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
The product of these two derivatives gives the required derivative of the composite
function fog at x .
(i)
dy
dy
dx
dt
= dx , provided
0.
dx
dt
dt
(ii)
(iii)
dy dx
.
=1
dx dy
(iv)
dx
1
dy
=
0.
, provided
dx
dy
dx
dy
x
d
(| x |) =
, x 0.
|x|
dx
(i)
d
(sin1 x) =
dx
(ii)
1
d
(cos1 x) =
, x (1, 1) i.e. | x | < 1
dx
1 - x2
(iii)
1
d
(tan1 x) =
, for all x R
dx
1+ x2
(iv)
1
d
(cot1 x) =
, for all x R
dx
1+ x2
1 - x2
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(c)
(v)
1
d
,x>1
(sec1 x) =
dx
x x2 - 1
(vi)
1
d
(cosec1 x) =
,x>1
dx
x x2 - 1
d
(xn) = nxn 1
dx
(ii)
d
(xx) = xx log ex
dx
(iii)
d
(sin x) = cos x
dx
(iv)
d
(cos x) = sin x
dx
(v)
d
(tan x) = sec2 x
dx
(vi)
d
(cot x) = cosec2 x
dx
d
(cosec x) = cosec x cot x.
dx
Derivatives of exponential and logarithmic functions
(vii)
(d)
(e)
(i)
d
(ex) = ex , for all x R
dx
(vi)
1
d
(loga | x |) =
, x 0, a > 0, a 1.
x log a
dx
(ii)
d
(ax) = ax log a, a > 0, a 1, x R
dx
(v)
d
1
(log | x |) = , x 0
dx
x
(iii)
d
1
(log x) = , x > 0
dx
x
(iv)
1
d
(loga x) =
, x > 0, a > 0, a 1
x
log
a
dx
Logarithmic differentiation
If u, n are differentiable functions of x, then
(f)
d
d
(un) = un
(n log u).
dx
dx
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4
(g)
d2 y
dy
and
or by y1 and y2 or by y and y respectively..
dx
dx2
3.4
(i)
Rolles theorem
If a function f is
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
f(a) = f(b),
then there exists atleast one real number c in (a, b) such that f(c) = 0.
Thus converse of Rolles theorem may not be true.
(ii)
(ii)
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f (b) - f (a)
b-a
SOLVED PROBLESM
Ex.1
Sol.
x p +
2
2
= hlim
0 [(p + h) + sin h 5] = p 5
and
lim
x p-
lim
2
f(x)= hlim
0 f(ph) = h 0 [(ph) sin (ph)5]
2
2
= hlim
0 [(p h) sin h 5] = p 5
lim
f(x) = x p - f(x) = f(p),
Since, xlim
p +
the function f is continuous at x = p.
Ex.2
Discuss the continuity of the cosine, cosecant, secant and cotangent functions.
Sol.
x a +
lim
f(x) = hlim
0 f(a + h) = h 0 cos (a + h)
= hlim
0 [cos a cos h sin a sin h]
= cos a 1 sin a 0 = cos a
and
lim
x a -
lim
f(x) = hlim
0 f(a h) = h 0 cos (a h)
= hlim
0 [cos a cos h + sin a sin h]
= cos a 1 + sin a 0 = cos a
Since,
lim
x a +
lim
f(x) = x a - f(x)=f(a), the function is continuous at x = a.
As a is an arbitrary point of the domain, the function is continuous on the domain of the
functions,
Proceed as above and prove yourself the continuity of other trigonometric
Ex.3
sinx
, if x < 0
f(x) = x
x + 1 , if x 0
Sol.
lim
lim
Here, x 0+ f(x)= hlim
0 f(0+h)= h 0 [(0+h)+1]=1
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6
lim
and
x 0 -
Also,
f(0) = 0 + 1 = 1
Since,
x 0 +
lim
f(x) =
lim
x 0 -
Determine if f defined by
1
2
x sin , if x 0
f(x) =
x
0,
if x = 0
is a continuous function.
Sol.
lim
x 0 +
f(x) = hlim
0 f(0 + h)
1
1
2
(0 + h)2 sin
h sin = 0
= hlim
= hlim
0
0
0 + h
h
and
lim
x 0 -
f(x) = hlim
0 f(0 h)
2
1
1
1
(0 - h)2 sin
= hlim
= lim h sin - h = 0 Q sin 1
0
0 - h h 0
Hence,
lim
x 0 +
f(x) =
lim
x 0 -
f(x) = f(0)
So, f is continuous at x = 0
This implies that f is a continuous function at all x R.
Ex.5
Sol.
sin x - cos x , if x 0
f(x) = - 1,
if x = 0
Here, f(0) = 1
lim
lim
Also, x 0+ f(x)= hlim
0 f(0+h)= h 0 [sin(0+h)cos(0+h)]
= hlim
0 [sin h cos h] = 1
lim
lim
and x 0 - f(x)= hlim
0 f(0h)= h 0 [sin(0h)cos(0h)]
= hlim
0 [sin h cos h]
= 0 1 = 1
lim
lim
Hence, x 0+ f(x) = x 0- f(x) = f(0)
So, f is continuous at x = 0; and hence continuous at all x R.
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7
Ex.6
Sol.
Find the value of k so that the following function f is continuous at the indicated point:
(i)
kx + 1 , if x 5
f(x) = 3 x - 5 , if x > 5 at x = 5
(ii)
kx2 , if x 2
f(x) =
at x = 2
if x > 2
3 ,
(i)
lim
x 5 +
lim
+ h) = hlim
0 f(5 h) = f(5)
h 0 f(5
h 0 [3(5+h)5]= h 0
10 = 5k + 1
(ii)
lim
lim
x 2+
Ex.7
lim
f(x) = x 5- f(x) = f(5)
lim [k(5h)+1] = 5k + 1
f(x) =
9
5
k=
lim
x 2-
f(x) = f(2)
lim
+ h) = hlim
0 f(2 h) = f(2)
lim
2
= hlim
0 [k(2 h) ] = 4k
h 0 f(2
h 0 (3)
3 = 4k
k=
3
4
if x 2
5,
f(x) = ax + b, if 2 < x 10
21,
if x 10
is a continuous function.
Sol.
lim
lim
f(x) = x 2- f(x) = f(2)
So,
x 2+
i.e.,
h 0 f(2
i.e.,
2a + b = 5
and
x 10 +
i.e.,
h 0 f(10
i.e.,
21 = 10a + b
lim
lim
lim
+ h) = hlim
0 f(2 h) = f(2)
f(x) =
(......1)
lim
x 10 -
f(x) = f(10)
+ h) = hlim
0 f(10 h) = f(10)
(......2)
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8
Ex.8
Sol.
lim
lim
f(x)= hlim
0 f(k + h)= h 0 [(k+h) k]=0
lim
lim
f(x)= hlim
0 f(kh)= h 0 [(kh) (k1)]=1
lim
f(x)
Now,
x k +
and
x k -
Since,
x k +
lim
x k -
Since k is an arbitrary integer, we can easily conclude that the function is discontinuous at all
integral points.
Ex.9
Sol.
Both x3 + 2 and 3x are polynomial functions. So, f (x) is continuous and differentiable everywhere except at x = 1.
Here,
lim f ( x ) = 3.1 = 3
x 1+
lim f ( x ) = 13 + 2 = 3
x 1-
As
x1+
x1-
Obviously, then f(x) is continuous on [1, 2]. Again to test the differentiability of f(x) at x = 1,
we have
L f (1) =
3
3
lim f ( x ) - f (1)
lim ( x + 2) - (1 + 2)
=
x 1
x 1
x -1
x -1
lim x3 - 1
lim
= x 1= x 1- (x2 + x + 1) = 3
x -1
lim f ( x ) - f (1)
R f (1) = x 1+
x -1
=
lim 3 x - 3.1
x -1
x 1+
lim
x 1+
(3) = 3
f (2) - f (-1)
6 -1
5
=
f (c) =
2 - ( -1)
3
3
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9
Now, in x > 1, f (x) = 3. So, f (c) cannot be
In x 1.
f (x) = 3x2
f (c) = 3c2
Obviously, 3c2 =
5
5
5
gives c2 = or c =
3
9
3
Both
5
in this interval.
3
5
5
and
lie in (1, 2). Thus, LMV is verified for f(x) and [1, 2].
3
3
Ex.10 Verify Rolles theorem for the function f (x) = x (x 3)2 in the closed interval 0 x
3.
Sol.
(i)
Here,
f(x) = x (x 3)2
= x (x2 6x + 9)
= x3 6x2 + 9x
(iii)
Thus, all the three conditions are satisfied, Hence, Rolles Theorem is applicable.
Let us now solve
i.e.
f (c) = 0
3c 12c + 9 = 0
2
3(c2 4c + 3) = 0
(c 3) (c 1) = 0
c = 3, 1
SInce, c = 1 (0, 3), the Rolles Theorem is verified for the function.
f(x) = x(x 3)2 in the closed interval [0, 3].
Ex.11 Verify Rolles Theorem for the function f(x) = (x a)m (x b)n in [a, b] ; m, n being
positive integers.
Sol.
Here, f(x) is a polynomial function of degree (m + n). So, it is a continuous function in [a, b].
f (x) = (x a)m 1 (x b)n 1 [m (x b) + n (x a)] exists uniquely in (a, b). So, it is derivable
m (a, b).
Further, f(a) = 0 and f(b) = 0. So, f(a) = f(b)
Thus, all the three conditions of Rolles Theorem are satisfied. Hence, Rolles Theorem is
applicable.
Let us now solve f (c) = 0
(ca)m 1 (c b)n 1 [m (c b) + n (ca)] = 0
c = a or c = b or c =
Since c =
mb + na
m+n
mb + na
(a, b), the Rolles Theorem is verified.
m+n
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10
1 + x, if x 2
Ex.12 Show that the function f(x) = 5 - x , if x > 2 is continuous at x = 2, but not differentiable
at x = 2.
Sol.
At x = 2,
lim
lim
f(x) = hlim
0 f(2 + h) = h 0 [5(2+ h)] = 3
lim
lim
f(x) = hlim
0 f(2 h) = h 0 [1+(2h)] = 3
x 2+
x 2-
Also,
f(2) = 1 + 2 = 3
Since,
x 2+
lim
f(x) =
lim
x 2-
f (2 - h) - f (2)
Next, Lf (2) = hlim
0
-h
(1 + 2 - h) - (1 + 2)
= hlim
=1
0 =
-h
f (2 + h ) - f ( 2 )
5 - (2 + h) - (1 + 2)
= hlim
= 1
Rf (2)= hlim
0 =
0
h
1 - x, if x < 1
Ex.13 Show that the function f(x) = x2 - 1, if x 1 is continuous at x = 1, but not differentiable
thereat.
Sol.
x 1+
f(x) =
lim
x 1-
lim
lim
lim
2
2
f(x) = hlim
0 f(1 + h) = h 0 [(1 + h) 1] = h 0 (h + 2h) = 0 ;
lim
lim
lim
f(x) = hlim
0 f(1 h) = h 0 [1 (1 h)] = h 0 (h) = 0
x 1+
x 1-
and
f(1) = (1)2 1 = 1 1 = 0
Further,
f (1 + h) - f (1)
Rf (1) = hlim
0
h
[(1 + h ) 2 - 1] - [0 ]
= hlim
=2
0
h
f(1 - h) - f(1)
[(1 - h ) 2 - 1] - [0 ]
Lf (1) = hlim
= hlim
0
0
h
h
h
lim
= hlim
0 - h = h 0 (1) = 1
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11
Ex.14 Show that the function f defined as
3x - 2, if 0 < x 1
2
f(x) = 2 x - x , if 1 < x 1
5 x - 4, if x > 2
lim
lim
At x=2, x 2+ f(x)= hlim
0 f(2+h)= h 0 [5(2+h)4]=6
lim
x 2-
lim
2
f(x) = hlim
0 f(2h)= h 0 [2(2h) (2h)]
2
= hlim
0 [2(4 4h + h ) (2 h)]
2
= hlim
0 [6 7h + 2h ] = 6
and
f(2) = 2 (2)2 2 = 8 2 = 6
Since
x 2+
lim
lim
f(x) = x 2- f(x)=f(2), the function f is continuous at x = 2.
f (2 - h) - f (2)
Next, Lf (2) = hlim
0
-h
6 - 7h + 2h2 - 6
=7
-h
f (2 + h) - f (2)
f (2) = hlim
0
h
[5(2 + h) - 4] - [5(2) - 4]
= hlim
0
h
[5(2 + h) - 4] - [5(2) - 4]
= hlim
0
h
6 + 5h - 6
= hlim
=5
0
h
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12
UNSOLVED PROBLEMS
EXERCISE I
Q.1
1
e x -1
, when x 0
Show that the function f(x) = 1
ex +1
0
, when x = 0
is discontinuous at x = 0.
Q.2
x sin , when x 0
Show that the function f(x) =
x
0
, when x = 0
is continuous at x = 0
Q.3
f(0) =
Q.4
cos ax - cos bx
x2
, when x 0
b2 - a2
, when x = 0
2
ex - 1
, when x 0
If the function defined by f(x) = log(1 + 2x)
k,
when x = 0
value of k.
Q.5
Q.6
cos2 x - sin 2 x - 1
,
if f(x) =
x2 + 1 - 1
k
,
when x 0
is continuous at x = 0, find k.
when x = 0
1 - cos 4x ,
when x < 0
x2
k
,
when x = 0 is continuous
Determine the value of k so that the function f(x) =
x
, when x > 0
16 + x - 4
at x = 0.
Q.7
x- | x |
, when x 0
Discuss the continuity of the function f(x) at x = 0 if f(x) = 2
2
, when x = 0
Q.8
2, if x 3
a , if x 5
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13
Q.9
Q.10
Q.11
Q.12
Q.13
x -1
, x 1
2
+
2
x
7
x
5
Find the derivative of f(x) =
at x = 1
-1
, x =1
3
x 2 + 3x + a , if x 1
Find the value of a and b, so that the function f(x) =
is differentiable at
, if x > 1
bx + 2
each x R.
loga x + x 2 + a2
(iii)
(vi)
2
x +a +x
log 2
x + a2 - x
(i)
log
(iv)
x
x
(i)
If y =
(ii)
x +1+ x -1
x + x2 - 1
, prove that dy =
If y =
dx
x2 - 1
x +1 - x -1
(iii)
If y =
(iv)
If y =
sec x + tan x
dy
= sec x (sec x + tan x)
, show that
sec x - tan x
dx
(i)
If y =
x +
(ii)
(v)
1 + x sin x
log
1 - x sin x
1- x
dy
+y=0
, prove that (1 x2)
1+ x
dx
cos x + sin x
dy
p
, show that
= sec2 x +
cos x - sin x
dx
4
1
x
, show that 2x
dy
+ y = 2 x (ii)
dx
dy
=
dx
y
(1 - x cos y )
(iii)
-1
dy
,xy
If x 1+ y + y 1+ x = 0, prove that
=
(
1
+
x )2
dx
Q.14
If y =
Q.15
cosec2x
1
dy
=
(
2
y
- 1)
dx
1
1
x
x
x
sin x
x
x
. cos
. cos
......=
, prove that 2 sec2
+ 4 sec2 + ......=
2
4
8
x
2 2
4
2
1
x2
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14
2t
Q.16
If x = tan1
Q.17
Differentiate : (i)
(iii)
1- t
and y = sin1
2t
1+ t
, show that
dy
= 1.
dx
sin1 x 1 - x + x 1 - x 2
+ tan1
tan1 2
x + x + 1
2
+ tan1
x + 3x + 3
tan1
2
1- x
1
+ tan
(ii)
2x
tan1
2
1 + 15 x
2
+ ............ to n terms.
x + 5x + 7
2
1+ 1- x
(ii)
3 cos x - 4 sin x
cos1
5
Q.18
Differentiate : (i)
Q.19
1
Differentiate : sin1
2
1+ x
Q.20
Differentiate : (i)
Q.21
2x - 1, if x < 0
Discuss the continuity of the function f(x) = 2x + 1, if x 0
Q.22
| x -4|
, x4
If a function f(x) is defined as f(x) = x - 4
show that f is everywhere continuous except
0
, x =4
+ tan1
2
1 + x - 1
.
x
1 + x + 1- x
sin1
2
(ii)
x - x -1
cos1
-1
x+x
at x = 4.
Q.23
Q.24
Q.25
2 + x , if x 0
Let f(x) = 2 - x , if x < 0 , show that f(x) is not derivable at x = 0.
Q.26
2 1
x sin , if x 0
Show that the function f(x) =
is differential at x = 0 and f (0) = 0.
x
0
, if x = 0
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15
BOARD PROBLES
EXERCISE II
log x
dy
.
=
dx
(1 + log x )2
Q.1
If xy = ex y, prove that
Q.2
Q.3
x2
Find
2 when y = log e x .
dx
Q.4
Q.5
Q.6
2 x - 1 , x < 0
Discuss the continuity of the function f(x) at x = 0 if f(x) = 2x + 1 , x 0
[C.B.S.E. 2002]
Q.7
[C.B.S.E. 2002]
Q.8
3ax + b , x > 1
[C.B.S.E. 2000]
dy
y
= .
dx
x
[C.B.S.E. 2000]
d2 y
[C.B.S.E. 2000]
d2 y
dx2
dy
2y = 0.
dx
d2 y
dx2
[C.B.S.E. 2000]
+ n2y = 0.
[C.B.S.E. 2001]
[C.B.S.E. 2002]
p
1 - sin 2x
dy
, prove that
+ sec2 - x = 0.
1 + sin 2x
dx
4
[C.B.S.E. 2002]
Q.9
If y =
Q.10
dy
p x
If y = log tan + , show that
sec x = 0.
dx
4 2
Q.11
Verify Lagranges mean value theorem for the following functions in the given intervals.
[C.B.S.E. 2002]
[C.B.S.E. 2002]
Also find c of this theorem : (i) f(x)=x2 +x1 in [0, 4]
Q.12
Q.13
(ii) log (x +
d2 y
dx2
dy
+ 2y = 0.
dx
1+ x 2 )
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[C.B.S.E. 2002]
[C.B.S.E. 2003]
16
dy
p
at t = .
dx
2
Q.14
Q.15
(i)
1 + sin x
tan1 1 - sin x .
(iv)
2
5x + 12 1 - x
sin
13
(vi)
1+ x - 1 - x
tan1
1 + x + 1- x
d
dx
(ii)
(v)
1 - sin x
cot1 1 + sin x
[C.B.S.E. 2004]
2
2
1+ x - 1 - x
tan
2
2
1 + x + 1- x
1
x
x
a2
sin -1 =
a2 - x 2 +
2
2
2
[C.B.S.E. 2003]
(iii)
1 + x 2 - 1
tan1
a2 - x 2 .
Q.16
Prove that
Q.17
Q.18
Find
Q.19
2x
w.r.t. sin1
Differentiate tan1
1 - x2
Q.20
3+ x
If f(x) =
1+ x
Q.21
Find
Q.22
2
x
d2 y
1 a
If y = x log
, prove that
.
=
a + bx
x a + bx
dx2
Q.23
1 - cos 4x
, x<0
x2
a
, x = 0 is continuous at x = 0, find the value
If the function f defined by f(x) =
, x>0
16 + x - 4
dy
dx
[C.B.S.E. 2004]
[C.B.S.E. 2004]
2bt
1- t2
dy
, when x = a
,y=
2
dx
1+ t2
1+ t
[C.B.S.E. 2004]
2x
.
1 + x2
[C.B.S.E. 2004]
2 + 3x
, find f (0).
1 + t2
2t
dy
if : x = a
2 , y =
dx
1- t2
1- t
of a.
[C.B.S.E. 2005]
[C.B.S.E. 2005]
[C.B.S.E. 2005]
[C.B.S.E. 2006]
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17
1
dy
+y=2 x.
dx
Q.24
If y =
Q.25
1 + sin x + 1 - sin x
Differentiate w.r.t. x : tan1
1 + sin x - 1 - sin x
Q.26
Q.27
b
dy
= .
If x = a sin 2t (1 + cos 2t) and y = b cos 2t (1 cos 2t), show that
p
a
dx t =
x +
[C.B.S.E. 2006]
[C.B.S.E. 2006]
dy
+ xy + 1 = 0.
dx
[C.B.S.E. 2006]
[C.B.S.E. 2006]
d2 y
Q.28
Q.29
[C.B.S.E. 2006]
Q.30
x 2 - 25
k
, x =5
[C.B.S.E. 2007]
Q.31
Q.32
Q.33
Q.34
d2 y
dx
d2 y
dx2
d2 y
dx
dx2
= y2.
dy
+ 6y = 0.
dx
(m + n)
+x
dy
+ mny = 0.
dx
dy
+ y = 0.
dx
2x + 1 , x < 2
f(x) = k , x = 2
3 x - 1 , x > 2
Q.35
[C.B.S.E. 2006]
[C.B.S.E. 2007]
[C.B.S.E. 2007]
[C.B.S.E. 2007]
[C.B.S.E. 2008]
, x0
f(x) =
.
tan-1 x
0
, x =0
www.thinkiit.in
[C.B.S.E. 2008]
18
Q.36
1 - sin 3 x
3 cos2 x
a
Let f(x) =
b(1 - sin x )
( p - 2x )2
Q.37
p
2
p
p
, if x = . If f(x) be a continuous function at x = , find a and b.
2
2
p
, if x >
2
, if x <
[C.B.S.E. 2008]
c
, if x = 0
f(x) =
2
x + bx - x
, if x > 0
bx 3 / 2
[C.B.S.E. 2008]
dy
n
x 2 + a 2 ) , prove that dx =
ny
[C.B.S.E. 2008]
Q.38
If y = (x +
Q.39
If x 1 + y + y 1 + x = 0 , find
Q.40
If y =
Q.41
dy
p
q
at q = .
If x = a cos q + log tan and y = a sin q, find the value of
dx
4
2
Q.42
If y = (log (x +
Q.43
Q.44
Q.45
If y =
Q.46
Q.47
sin x
x + a2
dy
.
dx
[C.B.S.E. 2008]
1
1
dy
.
x 2 + 1 log x + 1 + 2 , find
dx
x
sin -1 x
1- x
[C.B.S.E. 2008]
d2 y
dx2
+x
dy
2 = 0.
dx
dy
sin 2 (a + y )
=
.
dx
sin a
dy
.
dx
[C.B.S.E. 2008]
[C.B.S.E. 2008]
[C.B.S.E. 2009]
[C.B.S.E. 2009]
d2 y
dx
3x
dy
y=0
dx
sin x
www.thinkiit.in
[C.B.S.E. 2009]
[C.B.S.E. 2009]
19
dy
if (x2 + y2)2 = xy..
dx
Q.48
Find
Q.49
[C.B.S.E. 2009]
d2 y
dx
+x
dy
+ y = 0 [C.B.S.E. 2009]
dx
dy
, find dx .
Q.50
If y = cos1
Q.51
Q.52
If xy = ex y, show that
Q.53
d2y
dy
1
=0
If x = tan log y , show that (1 + x2)
+ (2x a)
2
dx
dx
a
Q.54
If x =
dy
y
=- .
dx
x
[C.B.S.E. 2012]
Q.55
1 + x2 - 1
with respect to x.
Differentiate tan1
x
[C.B.S.E. 2012]
Q.56
-1
asin
,y=
[C.B.S.E. 2010]
d2 y
dx2
+ (2x2 1)
dy
= 0 [C.B.S.E. 2010]
dx
log x
dy
=
.
{log (xe)}2
dx
-1
acos
, show that
[C.B.S.E. 2011]
[C.B.S.E. 2011]
2
dy
dx dy
p
, 2 and
, find
2
2 .
2
dt dt
dx
[C.B.S.E. 2012]
dy (1 + log)2
=
.
dx
log y
Q.57
If yx = ey x, prove that
Q.58
Q.59
[C.B.S.E. 2013]
[C.B.S.E. 2013]
[C.B.S.E. 2013]
1 + kx - 1 - kx
, if - 1 x < 0
f(x) =
2x + 1
,
if 0 x < 1
x -1
is continuous at x = 0.
OR
If x = a cos3 q and y = a sin3 q, then find the value of
d2 y
dx
at q =
www.thinkiit.in
p
.
6
20
ANSWER KEY
EXERCISE 1 (UNSOLVED PROBLEMS)
3. yes
4. 1/2
9. 2/9
(v)
(iii)
2( x cos x + sin x)
2
(vi)
1 - x sin x
1+ (x + x)
18. (i)
3
2 1- x
5. 4
2
2
x +a
6. 8
17. (i)
7. discontinuous
1- x
1
2
log a x + a
1
2 x-x
(ii)
5
1 + 25 x 2
p x
1
tan 4 - 2
3
1 + 9x2
1
1+ x2
(ii) 1
19.
-1
2
2(1 + x )
20. (i)
-1
2 1- x
(ii)
-2
1+ x2
-2
6. Discontinuous
x2
15. (i)
18.
1
2
(ii)
1
2
8. 3,2
14. 1
1+ x2
(iii)
(iv)
2(1 + x )
1- x
(v)
x
1- x
(vi)
-1
2 1 - x2
- b(1 - t 2 )
2at
19. 1
21.
1+ t2
2at
23. 8
25. 1/2
29. 5
30. 10
32. 5/2
34. 5
35. continuous
36.
1
,4
2
37.
-1
3
1
, any real number, 39.
(1 + x )2
2
2
41. 1
44.
48.
y - 4x 3 - 4xy 2
2
4x y + 4y - x
50.
-1
1- x
55.
1
2(1 + x2 )
sec3 t
at
www.thinkiit.in
40.
x2 + 1
x