Tisuttanirutti

Tisuttanirutti
A Grammatical Analysis of Three Discourses

(Magala, Ratana and Mett Discourses)
(Sn 2.4, 2.1 & 1.8; also found at Khp 5, 6 & 9)
Edited, Translated and Analysed by
nandajoti Bhikkhu
(March 2014)
Magalasuttanirutti
Ratanasuttasuttanirutti
Mettasuttanirutti
Preface
This work provides a basic analysis of the grammatical form and relationships of
three of the most popular discourses in the Pi canon.
Nouns are analysed as to case, gender and number; verbs as to tense, gender and
number; and basic syntactical information is given so that adjectives and adverbs are
related to the nouns and verbs they qualify.
I have also parsed the compounds, and identified their type; and there is some extra
information added where it has seemed to be useful.
The analysis show the pre-sandhi form of the words involved, so that, for instance,
bhusacca-ca sippa-ca is analysed as: bhusacca, ca, sippa, ca.
This work was requested by a Pi teacher and friend, Ven. Dpananda from
Bangladesh, and builds on much simpler analyses I did earlier of two of the
discourses.
In making the analysis I was much helped by the commentary, and by Ven.
amoli's translation of the same (Minor Readings and Illustrator, PTS, Oxford,
1991), which contains incidental grammatical information.
The text used is as established for my Text and Translation of the Safeguard Recitals
that are used extensively in the Sri Lankan tradition. They are available elsewhere on
this website, see Safeguard Recitals:
Most of the text is in verse form, and has been written constrained by the needs of
the metre. For an examination of the metrical information, please see
Catubhanavarapali:
Anandajoti Bhikkhu
March 2014
Magalasuttanirutti
An Analysis of the Discourse on the Blessings
(prose introduction)
Eva me suta:
Thus I have heard:
Eva, thus, indeclineable adverb to suta
me, by me, agent instrumental, masculine, singular (enclitic)
suta, heard, accusative, neuter, singular
eka samaya Bhagav Svatthiya viharati
at one time the Gracious One was dwelling near Svatthi
eka, at one, numerical adjective qualifying samaya (acc. masc. sing.)
samaya, time, accusative, masculine, singular
Bhagav, the Gracious One, nominative, masculine, singular
Svatthiya, near Svatthi, locative, feminine, singular
viharati, was dwelling (lit: dwells), indicative, 3rd person, singular
Jetavane Anthapiikassa rme.
at Anthapiikas grounds in Jetas Wood.
Jetavane, in Jetas Wood, locative, masculine, singular
Anthapiikassa, Anthapiikas, genitive, masculine, singular
rme, at grounds,1 locative, masculine, singular
Atha kho aatar devat abhikkantya rattiy,
Then a certain god, towards the end of the night,
Atha kho, then, indeclinables
aatar, a certain, adjective qualifying devat (nom. fem. sing.)
devat, god, nominative, feminine, singular
abhikkantya, towards the end, adjective qualifying rattiy (loc. fem. sing.)
rattiy, of the night, locative, feminine, singular
Later meaning: monastery.
An Analysis of the Discourse on the Blessings - 4

abhikkantava kevalakappa Jetavana obhsetv,
having lit up the whole of Jetas Wood with his surpassing beauty,
abhikkanta + va, with surpassing beauty, adjective + instrumental, masculine,
singular (kammadhraya)
kevalakappa, whole, adjective qualifying Jetavana (acc. masc. sing.)
Jetavana, Jetas Wood, accusative, masculine, singular
obhsetv, having lit up, absolutive
yena Bhagav tenupasakami,
approached the Gracious One,
yena ... tena upasakami, [by where, by there] approached, instrumental pronouns +
aorist, 3rd person, singular (idiom)
Bhagav, the Gracious One, nominative, masculine, singular
upasakamitv Bhagavanta abhivdetv, ekamanta ahsi.
and after approaching and worshipping the Gracious One, he stood on one side.
upasakamitv, after approaching, absolutive
abhivdetv, worshipping, absolutive
Bhagavanta, the Gracious One, accusative, masculine, singular
ekamanta, on one side, accusative, neuter, singular
ahsi, he stood, aorist, 3rd person, singular
Ekamanta hit kho s devat Bhagavanta gthya ajjhabhsi:
While standing on one side that god addressed the Gracious One with a verse:
Ekamanta, on one side, accusative, neuter, single
hit, while standing, past participle,2 masculine, singular
kho, (untranslated), emphatic
s, that, demonstrative pronoun to devat (nom. fem. sing.)
devat, god, nominative, feminine, singular
Bhagavanta, the Gracious One, accusative, masculine, singular
gthya, with a verse, instrumental, feminine, singular
ajjhabhsi, addressed, aorist, 3rd person, singular
Having durative sense.

(verses)
(Verse 1: Spoken by one of the Gods)
Bah dev manuss ca magalni acintayu
Many are the gods and the men who have thought about the blessings
Bah, many, adjective qualifying dev and manuss (nom. masc. pl.)
dev, gods, nominative, masculine, plural
manuss, men, nominative, masculine, plural
ca, and, connective
magalni, blessings, accusative, neuter, plural
acintayu, have thought, aorist, 3rd person, plural
(Verse 2-12: Spoken by the Buddha in Reply)
kakhamn sotthna: brhi magalam-uttama. [1]
hoping for (their) safety: now please say what is the supreme blessing.
kakhamn, hoping, present participle (attanopada)
sotthna, for safety, genitive, neuter, plural
brhi, please say, imperative, 2nd person, singular
magala, blessing, accusative, neuter, singular
uttama, supreme, adjective qualifying magala (acc. neut. sing.)
Asevan ca blna, paitna-ca sevan,
Not associating with fools, but associating with the wise,
Asevan, not associating, nominative, feminine, plural
ca, but, disjunctive
blna, with fools, dative, neuter, plural
paitna, with the wise, dative, neuter, plural
ca, but, disjunctive
sevan, associating, nominative, feminine, plural
pj ca pjanyna: eta magalam-uttama. [2]
honouring those worthy of honour: this is the supreme blessing.
pj, honouring, nominative, feminine, singular
ca, (untranslated), connective
pjanyna, those worthy of honour, dative, masculine, plural
eta, this, demonstrative pronoun to magala (acc. neut. sing.)

Pairpadesavso ca, pubbe ca katapuat,
Living in a suitable place, having done good deeds in the past,
pairpa + desa, a suitable place, (kammadhraya)
pairpadesa [= -dese] + vso, living in a suitable place, locative + nominative,
masculine, singular (tappurisa)
pubbe, in the past, locative, masculine, singular
katapuat, having done good deeds, nominative, feminine, singular
attasammpaidhi ca: eta magalam-uttama. [3]
aspiring in a right way oneself: this is the supreme blessing.
atta[ssa] + sammpaidhi, right aspiration for oneself, genitive + nominative,
samm + paidhi, right aspiration, indeclinable + nominative, masculine, singular
(avyaybhava)
Bhusacca-ca sippa-ca, vinayo ca susikkhito,
Having great learning and craft, and being disciplined and well trained,
Bhu + sacca, great learning, adjective + nominative, neuter, singular
(kammadhraya)
ca, and, connective
sippa, craft, nominative, neuter, singular
ca, and, connective
vinayo, being disciplined, nominative, masculine, singular
ca, and, connective
su + sikkhito, well trained, indeclinable + nominative, masculine, singular
(avyaybhava)
subhsit ca y vc: eta magalam-uttama. [4]
and whatever words are well spoken: this is the supreme blessing.
su + bhsit, well spoken, adjective qualifying vc (indeclinable + nom. fem. pl.)
(avyaybhava)
ca, and, connective
y, whatever, relative pronoun to vc (nom. fem. pl.)
vc, words, nominative, feminine, plural

Mtpitu-upahna, puttadrassa sagaho,
Attendance on mother and father, looking after wife and children,
Mt + pitu, mother and father, dative, masculine, singular (dvanda)
upahna, attendance on, nominative, neuter, singular
putta + drassa, wife and children, dative, masculine, singular (dvanda)
sagaho, looking after, nominative, masculine, singular
ankul ca kammant: eta magalam-uttama. [5]
with works that are not agitating: this is the supreme blessing.
an + kul, not agitating, adjective qualifying kammant (negative particle + nom.
neut. pl.) (avyaybhava)
kammant, works, nominative, neuter, plural
Dna-ca Dhammacariy ca, takna-ca sagaho,
Giving, living by the Dhamma, looking after ones relatives,
dna, giving, accusative, neuter, singular
Dhamma [= Dhammena] + cariy, living by the Dhamma, instrumental +
nominative, feminine, singular (tappurisa)
takna, relatives, genitive, masculine, plural
sagaho, looking after, nominative, masculine, singular
anavajjni kammni: eta magalam-uttama. [6]
(performing) actions that are blameless: this is the supreme blessing.
ana + vajjni, blameless, adjective qualifying kammni (indeclinable + nom. neut.
pl.) (avyaybhava)
kammni, actions, nominative, neuter, plural

rati virati pp, majjapn ca saamo,
Abstinence, avoidance of bad deeds, restraint from intoxicating drink,
rati, abstinence, nominative, feminine, singular
virati, avoidance, nominative, feminine, singular
pp, of bad deeds, ablative, neuter, singular
majja[ssa] + pn, from intoxicating drink, genitive3 + ablative, neuter, singular
(tappurisa)
saamo, restraint, nominative, masculine, singular
appamdo ca dhammesu: eta magalam-uttama. [7]
being heedful regarding (all) things: this is the supreme blessing.
appamdo, being heedful, nominative, masculine, singular
dhammesu, regarding things, locative, neuter, plural
Gravo ca nivto ca, santuh ca kataut,
Having respect, being humble, being satisfied and grateful,
gravo, having respect, nominative, masculine, singular
nivto, being humble, nominative, masculine, singular
santuh, being satisfied, nominative, feminine, singular
ca, and, connective
kataut, grateful, nominative, feminine, singular
klena Dhammasavaa: eta magalam-uttama. [8]
listening to Dhamma at the right time: this is the supreme blessing.
klena, at the right time, instrumental, masculine, singular
Dhamma[ssa] + savaa, listening to Dhamma, dative + accusative, neuter, singular
(tappurisa)
So defined by the comm.

Khant ca sovacassat, samana-ca dassana,
Being patient and easily spoken to, seeing ascetics,
Khant, being patient, nominative, feminine, singular
ca, and, connective
so [= su] + vacassat, easily spoken to, indeclinable + nominative, feminine, singular
(avyaybhava)
samana, ascetics, genitive, masculine, plural
ca, and, connective
dassana, seeing,4 nominative, neuter, singular
klena Dhammaskacch: eta magalam-uttama. [9]
discussing Dhamma at the right time: this is the supreme blessing.
klena, at the right time, indeclinable
Dhamma[ssa] + skacch, discussing Dhamma, genitive + nominative, feminine,
singular (tappurisa)
Tapo ca brahmacariya-ca, ariyasaccna' dassana,
Austere, living spiritually, insight into the noble truths,
Tapo, austere, nominative, masculine, singular
brahma + cariya,5 living spiritually, adjective + nominative, neuter, singular
(kammadhraya)
ariya + saccna, into the noble truths, adjective + dative, neuter, plural
(kammadhraya)
dassana, insight, nominative, neuter, singular
Nibbnasacchikiriy ca: eta magalam-uttama. [10]
the experience of Nibbna: this is the supreme blessing.
Nibbna[ssa] + sacchikiriy, the experience of Nibbna, genitive + nominative,
feminine, singular (tappurisa)
Comm. defines seeing here as upasakamanupahnnussaraassavanadassana;

approaching, attending on, listening to, recalling, seeing.
5
Comm. gives an alternative resoltuon as a tappurisa compound: brahma cariya; the
living of the Brahm gods.

Phuhassa lokadhammehi, citta yassa na kampati,
He whose mind does not waver, when it is touched by things of this world,
Phuhassa, touched,6 genitive, masculine, singular
loka [= loke] + dhammehi, by worldly things, locative7 + instrumental, neuter, plural
(tappurisa)
citta, mind, accusative, neuter, singular
yassa, he whose, relative pronoun genitive, masculine, singular
na, not, negative adverb to kampati
kampati, does waver, indicative, 3rd person, singular
asoka viraja khema: eta magalam-uttama. [11]
(being) griefless, dustless, and secure: this is the supreme blessing.
asoka, griefless, adjective qualifying citta (nom. neut. sing.)
viraja, dustless, adjective qualifying citta (nom. neut. sing.)
khema, secure, adjective qualifying citta (nom. neut. sing.)
Etdisni katvna, sabbattha-m-aparjit,
Having done as here directed, they are undefeated everywhere,
Etdisni, here directed, accusative, neuter, plural
katvna, having done, absolutive
sabbattha, everywhere, adverb to aparjit
-m-, euphonic particle
a + parjit, undefeated, negative particle + nominative, masculine, plural
(avyaybhva)
sabbattha sotthi gacchanti: ta tesa magalam-uttaman-ti. [12]
they go everywhere in safety: for them this is the supreme blessing.
sabbattha, everywhere, adverb to gacchanti
sotthi, in safety, accusative, feminine, singular
gacchanti, they go, indicative, 3rd person, plural
ta, this, demonstrative pronoun to magala (acc. neut. sing.)
tesa, for them, demonstrative pronoun, genitive, neuter, plural
ti, (untranslated), quotation marker
I don't really understand the construction here, instrumental with genitive? Ven amoli
calls it a neat construction (Minor Readings, p. 167).
7
11
Ratanasuttanirutti
An Analysis of the Discourse on the Treasures
Yndha bhtni samgatni,
Bhummni v yni va antalikkhe,
Whatever beings have come together here,
whether of the earth or in the firmament,
Yni, whatever, relative pronoun to bhtni (nom. neut. pl.)
idha, here, adverb to samgatni
bhtni, beings, nominative, neuter, plural
samgatni, have come together, adjective qualifying bhtni (nom. neut. pl.)
bhummni, of the earth, adjective qualifying bhtni (nom. neut. pl.)
v, whether, disjunctive
yni, whatever, relative pronoun to bhtni (nom. neut. pl.)
antalikkhe, in the firmament, locative, neuter, singular
sabbe va bht suman bhavantu,
atho pi sakkacca suantu bhsita. [1]
may the minds of all those beings be happy,
and may they listen carefully to what is said.
Sabbe,8 all, pronominal adjective qualifying bht (nom. neut. pl.)
va, (untranslated), emphatic
bht, beings, nominative, neuter, plural
su + man, happy ... minds, indeclinable + nominative, neuter, plural (avyaybhava)
bhavantu, may ... be, indicative, 3rd person, plural
atho pi, and, indeclinables
sakkacca, carefully, adverb to suantu
suantu, may they listen, imperative, 3rd person, plural
bhsita, to what is said, accusative, neuter, singular
amoli identifies this as a masculine, but bhtni in the first verse is certainly neuter.
An Analysis of the Discourse on the Treasures - 12

Tasm hi bht nismetha sabbe,
metta karotha mnusiy pajya,
Therefore, all of you beings, be attentive,
be friendly towards this generation of men,
Tasm hi, therefore, indeclinables
bht, beings, vocative, neuter, plural
nismetha, be attentive, indicative, 2nd person, plural
sabbe, all, pronominal adjective qualifying bht (voc. neut. pl.)
metta, friendly, accusative, neuter, singular
karotha, be, indicative, 2nd person, plural
mnusiy, of men, adjective qualifying pajya (dat. fem. sing.)
pajya, generation, dative, feminine, singular
div ca ratto ca haranti ye bali,
tasm hi ne rakkhatha appamatt. [2]
they who bring offerings by day and by night,
therefore, being heedful, you must protect them.
Div, by day, adverb to haranti
ca, and, connective
ratto, by night, adverb to haranti
ca, and, connective
haranti, bring, indicative, 3rd person, plural
ye, they who, relative pronoun, nominative, masculine, plural
bali, offerings, accusative, masculine, singular
tasm hi, therefore, indeclinables
ne, them, demonstrative pronoun, accusative, masculine, plural (enclitic)
rakkhatha, you must protect, indicative, 2nd person, plural
appamatt, being heedful, adjective qualifying bht (nom. neut. pl.)

Ya kici vitta - idha v hura v
saggesu v - ya ratana pata
na no sama atthi Tathgatena.
Whatever riches there are - here or elsewhere
or in the heavens - that excellent treasure
is not equal unto the Realised One.
Ya kici, whatever, relative pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular + indeclinable
vitta, riches, nominative, neuter, singular
idha, here, adverb to (honti)
v, or, disjunctive
hura, elsewhere,9 adverb to (honti)
v, or, disjunctive
saggesu, in the heavens, adverb to (honti), locative, masculine, plural
v, or, disjunctive
ya, that, relative pronoun to ratana (nom. neut. sing.)
ratana, treasure, nominative, neuter, singular
pata, excellent, adjective qualifying ratana (nom. neut. sing.)
na no, not, negative adverb to atthi
sama, equal, adverb to atthi
atthi, is, indicative, 3rd person, singular
Tathgatena, unto the Realised One, instrumental, masculine, singular
Idam-pi Buddhe ratana pata:
Etena saccena suvatthi hotu! [3]
This excellent treasure is in the Buddha:
By virtue of this truth may there be safety!
Ida pi, this, demonstrative pronoun to ratana (nom. neut. sing.) + indeclinable
Buddhe, in the Buddha, locative, masculine, singular
etena, by this, demonstrative pronoun to saccena (inst. neut. sing.)
saccena, by virtue of truth, instrumental, neuter, singular
suvatthi, safety, nominative, feminine, singular
hotu, may there be, imperative, 3rd person, singular
Defined by the comm. as meaning in the worlds of the ngas and supaas, etc. Probably
indicating the earth-bound gods in general.

Khaya virga amata pata:
yad-ajjhag Sakyamun samhito,
Na tena dhammena samatthi kici.
(Pollutants') end, dispassion, deathlessness, excellence:
which the concentrated Sakyan sage attained,
there is nothing that is equal to that state.
Khaya, (pollutants')10 end, accusative, masculine, singular
virga, dispassion, accusative, masculine, singular
amata, deathlessness, accusative, neuter, singular
pata, excellence, accusative, neuter, singular
ya, which, relative pronoun to khaya, etc. (acc. masc. sing.)
ajjhag, attained, aorist, 3rd person, singular
Sakya[ssa] + mun, Sakyan sage, genitive + nominative, masculine, singular
(tappurisa)
samhito, concentrated, adjective qualifying Sakyamun (nom. masc. sing.)
na ... kici, nothing, negative particle + indeclinable
tena, to that, demonstrative pronoun to dhammena (inst. masc. sing.)
dhammena, to state, instrumental, masculine, singular
sama [= samo], equal, nominative, masculine, singular
atthi, there is, indicative, 3rd person, singular
Idam-pi Dhamme ratana pata:
This excellent treasure is in the Dhamma:
Dhamme, in the Dhamma, locative, neuter, singular
10
Comm: rgdayo kh, the end of greed and so on, the others being hatred (dosa) and
delusion (moha), collectively called pollutants (sav).

Yam-Buddhaseho parivaay suci
samdhim-nantarika-am-hu,
samdhin tena samo na vijjati.
That which the Buddha, the Great One, praised as pure,
the concentration said to have prompt (result),
no equal to that concentration is found.
Ya, that which, relative pronoun to samdhi (acc. masc. sing.)
Buddha + seho, the Buddha, the Great One, nominative, masculine, singular
(dvanda)11
parivaay, praised, aorist, 3rd person, singular
suci, pure, nominative, neuter, singular
samdhi, concentration, accusative, masculine, singular
nantarika, prompt, accusative, masculine, singular
na, the, demonstrative pronoun to samdhi (acc. masc. sing.)
hu, said, aorist, 3rd person, plural
samdhin, to concentration, instrumental, masculine, singular
tena, to that, demonstrative pronoun to samdhin (inst. masc. sing.)
samo, equal, nominative, masculine, singular
na, no, negative adverb to vijjati
vijjati, is found, indicative, 3rd person, singular
Idam-pi Dhamme ratana pata:
this excellent treasure is in the Dhamma
Dhamme, in the Dhamma, locative, neuter, singular
11

Ye puggal aha sata pasatth
cattri etni yugni honti,
Those eight individuals praised by the good there are these four pairs (of individuals),
Ye, those, relative pronoun to puggal (nom. masc. pl.)
puggal, individuals, nominative, masculine, plural
aha, eight, numerical adjective qualifying puggal (nom. masc. pl.)
sata, by the good,12 genitive, neuter, singular
pasatth, praised, adjective qualifying puggal (nom. masc. pl.)
cattri, four, numerical adjective qualifying yugni (nom. neut. pl.)
etni, these, demonstrative pronoun to yugni (nom. neut. pl.)
yugni, pairs, nominative, neuter, plural
honti, there are, indicative, 3rd person, plural
te dakkhieyy Sugatassa svak,
etesu dinnni mahapphalni.
the Fortunate One's disciples, worthy of gifts,
those things that are given to them have great fruit.
Te, those, demonstrative pronoun to svak (nom. masc. pl.)
dakkhieyy, worthy of gifts, adjective qualifying svak (nom. masc. pl.)
Sugatassa, Fortunate One's, genitive, masculine, singular
svak, disciples, nominative, masculine, plural
etesu, to them, demonstrative pronoun, locative, masculine, plural
dinnni, those things that are given, nominative, neuter, plural
mahapphalni, great fruit, nominative, neuter, plural
Idam-pi Saghe ratana pata:
etena saccena suvatthi hotu! [6]
This excellent treasure is in the Sagha:
by virtue of this truth may there be safety!
Saghe, in the Sagha, locative, masculine, singular
12
Comm. offers a second interpretation here, saying ahasata may be interpreted as

meaning 108, then: those 108 individuals who are praised, is the meaning. This hardly fits
with the next line though.

Ye suppayutt manas dahena
nikkmino Gotamassanamhi,
Those who have firm and devoted minds,
without sense desire in Gotamas dispensation,
Ye, those who, relative pronoun, nominative, masculine, plural
suppayutt, devoted, adjective qualifying ye (nom. masc. pl.)
manas, minds, adjective qualifying ye, instrumental, masculine, singular
dahena, firm, adjective qualifying ye, instrumental, masculine, singular
nikkmino, without sense desire, adjective qualifying ye (nom. masc. pl.)
Gotama[ssa] + ssanamhi, in Gotamas teaching, genitive + locative, neuter, singular
(tappurisa)
te pattipatt amata vigayha
laddh mudh nibbuti bhujamn.
those who have attained, and entered the deathless,
enjoying emancipation, gained for free.
Te, those, demonstrative pronoun, nominative, masculine, plural
pattipatt, have attained, adjective qualifying te (nom. masc. pl.)
amata, the deathless, accusative, neuter, singular
vigayha, entered, absolutive
laddh, gained, absolutive
mudh, for free, indeclinable
nibbuti, emancipation, accusative, feminine, singular
bhujamn, enjoying, present participle (attanopada)

Yathindakhlo pahavi sito siy
catubbhi vtehi asampakampiyo,
Just as a locking post stuck fast in the earth
does not waver on account of the four winds,
Yath, just as, adverb to siy
indakhlo, a locking post, nominative, masculine, singular
pahavi, in the earth, accusative, feminine, singular
sito, stuck fast, adjective qualifying indakhlo (nom. masc. sing.)
siy, (untranslated), optative, 3rd person, singular
catubbhi, on account of the four, numerical adjective qualifying vtehi (inst. masc.
pl.)
vtehi, on account of the winds, instrumental, masculine, plural
a + sampakampiyo, does not waver, negative particle + nominative, feminine, plural
(avyaybhava)
Tathpama sappurisa vadmi,
yo ariyasaccni avecca passati.
in the same way, I say, is the true person,
the one who sees the noble truths completely.
Tath, in the way, adverb to upama
upama, the same, accusative, masculine, singular
sappurisa, the true person, accusative, masculine, singular
vadmi, I say, indicative, 1st person, singular
yo, the one who, demonstrative pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular
ariya + saccni, the noble truths, adjective + accusative, neuter, plural
(kammadhraya)
avecca, completely, adverb to passati
passati, sees, indicative, 3rd person, singular

Ye ariyasaccni vibhvayanti,
gambhrapaena sudesitni,
Those who clearly distinguish the noble truths,
which were well preached by the one with deep wisdom,
Ye, those who, demonstrative pronoun, nominative, masculine, plural
ariya + saccni, the noble truths, adjective + accusative, neuter, plural
(kammadhraya)
vibhvayanti, clearly distinguish, indicative, 3rd person, plural
gambhra + paena, by the one with deep wisdom, adjective + instrumental,
masculine, singular (kammadhraya)
sudesitni, well preached, adjective qualifying ariyasaccni (acc. neut. pl.)
kicpi te honti bhusappamatt
na te bhava ahama diyanti.
however great they become in heedlessness
they still do not take up an eighth existence.
Kici + api, however, indeclinables
te, they, demonstrative pronoun, nominative, masculine, plural
honti, they become, indicative, 3rd person, plural
bhusa + appamatt, great in heedlessness, adjective + nominative, masculine, plural
(kammadhraya)
na, not, negative adverb to diyanti
te, they, nominative, masculine, plural
bhava, existence, accusative, masculine, singular
ahama, eighth, numerical adjective qualifying bhava (acc. masc. sing.)
diyanti, take up, indicative, 3rd person, plural

Sah vassa dassanasampadya
tayassu dhamm jahit bhavanti:
With his attainment of (liberating) insight
there are a triad of things that are given up:
Sah, with, connective
va, (untranslated), emphatic
assa, his, genitive, 3rd person, singular
dassana[ssa] + sampadya, attainment of (liberating) insight, dative, masculine,
taya + assu, three, indeclinable + nominative, neuter, singular
dhamm, things, nominative, neuter, plural
jahit, given up, adjective qualifying dhamm (nom. neut. pl.)
bhavanti, there are, indicative, 3rd person, plural
Sakkyadihi vicikicchita-ca
slabbata vpi yad-atthi kici.
embodiment view, uncertainty, and
whatever (grasping at) virtue and practices there is.
Sakkya[ssa] + dihi, embodiment view, genitive + nominative, feminine, singular
(tappurisa)
vicikicchita, uncertainty, nominative, neuter, singular
ca, and, connective
slabbata [= sla + vata], (grasping at) virtue and practices,13 nominative, neuter,
singular (dvanda)
va api, (untranslated), emphatic indeclinables
ya kici, whatever, relative pronoun to slabbata (nom. neut. sing.) +
indeclinable
atthi, there is, indicative, 3rd person, singular
13
Normally with -parmsa, grasping at, here it is dropped to fit the metre.

Cathapyehi ca vippamutto,
cha cbhihnni abhabbo ktu.
He is free from (rebirth in) the four lower worlds,
he is incapable of the six great crimes.
Cathi + apyehi, in the four lower worlds, numerical adjective + instrumental,
masculine, plural
vippamutto, free, nominative, masculine, singular
cha, six, numerical adjective qualifying abhihnni, indeclinable
abhihnni, great crimes, nominative, neuter, plural
a + bhabbo, incapable, negative particle + nominative, masculine, singular
(avyaybhava)
ktu, of (doing), infinitive
Kicpi so kamma karoti ppaka
kyena vc uda cetas v,
Whatever bad action there is that he performs
by way of body, or of speech, or of mind,
Kici + api, whatever, indeclinables
so, he, nominative, masculine, singular
kamma, action, accusative, neuter, singular
karoti, performs, indicative, 3rd person, singular
ppaka, bad, adjective qualifying kamma (acc. neut. sing.)
kyena, by way of body, instrumental, masculine, singular
vc, by way of speech, instrumental, feminine, singular
uda ... v, or, indeclinables
cetas, by way of mind, instrumental, neuter, singular

abhabbo so tassa paicchdya,
abhabbat dihapadassa vutt.
he is incapable of covering it up,
this incapacity is said of one who has seen the state (of peace).
A + bhabbo, incapable, negative particle + nominative, masculine, singular
(avyaybhava)
so, he, nominative, masculine, singular
tassa paicchdya, of covering it up, demonstrative pronoun + dative, masculine,
singular
a + bhabbat, incapacity, negative particle + nominative, feminine, singular
(avyaybhava)
diha + [santi] + padassa, of one who has seen the state (of peace), genitive,
masculine, singular
vutt, is said, nominative, feminine, singular
Vanappagumbe yath phussitagge
gimhnamse pahamasmi gimhe,
Just like a tall woodland tree crowned with blossom
in the summer months, in the early summer,
Vanappagumbe,14 a tall woodland tree, masculine, singular nominative,
yath, just like, adverb to phussita
phussita (= phussitehi) + agge, crowned with blossom, instrumental + nominative,
gimhna + mse, in the summer months, adjective + locative, masculine, plural
(kammadhraya)
pahamasmi gimhe, in the early summer, numerical adjective + locative,
masculine, singular
14
According to amoli (p. 211) a Magadhism, where the nom. masc. sing. has the form -e.

tathpama Dhammavara adesay,
Nibbnagmi paramahitya.
in the same way he preached the Dhamma which is best,
which leads to Nibbna, the highest benefit.
Tath, in the way, adverb to adesay
upama, the same, accusative, masculine, singular
Dhamma[ssa] + vara, the Dhamma which is best, genitive + accusative, masculine,
adesay, he preached, aorist, 3rd person, singular
Nibbna[ssa] + gmi, goes to Nibbna, dative + accusative, masculine, singular
(tappurisa)
parama + hitya, to the highest benefit, syntactic compound, dative, masculine,
singular
Varo vara varado varharo,
anuttaro Dhammavara adesay.
The best one, knowing the best, giving the best,
brought the best, unsurpassed he preached the best Dhamma.
Varo, the best one, nominative, masculine, singular
vara, knowing the best, nominative, masculine, singular
varado, giving the best, nominative, masculine, singular
varharo, brought the best, nominative, masculine, singular
anuttaro, unsurpassed, nominative, masculine, singular
Dhamma[ssa] + vara, the best Dhamma, genitive + accusative, masculine, singular
(tappurisa)
adesay, he preached, aorist, 3rd person, singular

Kha pura nava natthi sambhava,
virattacitt yatike bhavasmi,
The old is destroyed, and nothing new is produced,
(their) minds are unexcited by future rebirth,
Kha, destroyed, accusative, masculine, singular
pura, the old, accusative, masculine, singular
nava, new, accusative, masculine, singular
na + atthi, nothing is, negative adverb + indicative, 3rd person, singular
sambhava, produced, accusative, masculine, singular
viratta + citt, unexcited minds, adjective + nominative, neuter, plural
(kammadhraya)
yatike, by the future, adjective qualifying bhavasmi (loc. masc. sing.)
bhavasmi, by rebirth, locative, masculine, singular
te khabj avirhicchand,
nibbanti dhr yathyam-padpo.
they destroyed the seeds, and have no desire for growth,
the wise ones are still, just as this lamp (is still).
Te, they, nominative, masculine, plural
kha + bj, destroyed seeds, adjective + nominative, neuter, plural (kammadhraya)
a + virhi, no desire, negative + adjective (avyaybhava)
avirhi[y] + chand, no desire for growth, genitive + nominative, masculine,
plural (tappurisa)
nibbanti, are still, indicative, 3rd person, plural
dhr, the wise ones, nominative, masculine, plural
yath, just as, adverb to ( )
aya, this, demonstrative pronoun to padpo (nom. masc. sing.)
padpo, lamp, nominative, masculine, singular

(Verses Spoken by Sakka, Lord of the Gods)
bhummni v yni va antalikkhe,
Tathgata devamanussapjita,
Buddha namassma suvatthi hotu! [15]
the Realised One is revered by gods and men,
we honour the Buddha - may there be safety!
Tathgata, the Realised One, accusative, masculine, singular
deva + manussa, Gods and men, dvanda
devamanuss[ehi] + pjita, is revered by Gods and men, instrumental + accusative,
Buddha, the Buddha, accusative, masculine, singular
namassma, we honour, indicative, 3rd person, plural

Dhamma namassma suvatthi hotu! [16]
we honour the Dhamma - may there be safety!
Dhamma, the Dhamma, accusative, masculine, singular

Sagha namassma suvatthi hotu! [17]
we honour the Sagha - may there be safety!
Sagha, the Sagha, accusative, masculine, singular
28
Mettasuttanirutti
An Analysis of the Discourse about Friendliness Meditation
Karayam-atthakusalena
yan-ta santa pada abhisamecca
What should be done by one skilful in good,
who has comprehended the state of peace:
Karaya, what should be done, nominative, neuter, singular
attha [= atthe] + kusalena, by one skilful in good, locative + instrumental, neuter,
ya ta, (the one) who, demonstrative and relative pronouns
santa, of peace, nominative, neuter, singular
pada, the state, nominative, neuter, singular
abhisamecca, has comprehended, absolutive
sakko uj ca sj ca
suvaco c assa mudu anatimn [1]
he ought to be able, straight, and upright,
easy to speak to, meek, without conceit,
sakko, able, nominative, masculine, singular
uj, straight, nominative, masculine, singular
ca, and, connective
su + uj, upright, indeclinable + nominative, masculine, singular (avyaybhava)
ca, and, connective
suvaco, easy to speak to, nominative, masculine, singular
ca, and, connective
assa, he ought to be, optative, 3rd person, singular
mudu, meek, nominative, masculine, singular
an + atimn, without conceit, negative adjective + nominative, masculine, singular
(avyaybhava)
An Analysis of the Discourse about Friendliness Meditation - 29

santussako ca subharo ca
appakicco ca sallahukavutti
satisfied (with little), easy to support,
with few duties, and light in living,
santussako, satisfied, nominative, masculine, singular
ca, and, connective
su + bharo, easy to support, negative adjective + nominative, masculine, singular
(avyaybhava)
ca, and, connective
appa + kicco, few duties, adjective + nominative, masculine, singular (kammadhraya)
ca, and, connective
sallahuka + vutti, light in living, adjective + nominative, feminine, singular
(kammadhraya)
santindriyo ca nipako ca
appagabbho kulesu ananugiddho [2]
with faculties at peace, prudent,
not forward, and greedless among the families,
santa + indriyo, faculties at peace, adjective + nominative, masculine, singular
(kammadhraya)
ca, and, connective
nipako, prudent, nominative, masculine, singular
ca, and, connective
a + ppagabbho, not forward, negative adjective + nominative, masculine, singular
(avyaybhava)
kulesu, among the families, locative, neuter, plural
an + anugiddho, greedless, negative adjective + nominative, masculine, singular
(avyaybhava)
na ca khudda samcare kici
yena vi pare upavadeyyu
he should not do the slightest thing
whereby others who are wise might find fault (with him).
na, not, negative adverb to samcare
khudda, slightest, nominative, neuter, singular
samcare, he should do, optative, 3rd person, singular
kici, thing, indeclinable
yena, whereby, indepenedent adverb with causative sense
vi, wise, adjective qualifying pare (nom. neut. pl.)
pare, others, nominative, neuter, plural
upavadeyyu, might find fault, optative, 3rd person, plural

Sukhino v khemino hontu
sabbe satt bhavantu sukhitatt [3]
(May all beings) be happy and secure,
may all beings in their hearts be happy!
Sukhino, happy, nominative, masculine, singular
v [= va], (untranslated), emphatic
khemino, secure, nominative, masculine, singular
hontu, may ... be, imperative, 3rd person, plural
sabbe, all, pronominal adjective qualifying satt (nom. masc. pl.)
satt, beings, nominative, masculine, plural
bhavantu, may ... be, imperative, 3rd person, plural
sukhita + att, happy... hearts, adjective + nominative, masculine, plural
(kammadhraya)
Ye keci pabht atthi
tas v thvar v anavases
Whatsoever breathing beings there are trembling, firm, or any other (beings),
Ye keci, whatsoever, relative pronoun + indefinite pronoun
pa + bht, breathing beings, adjective + nominative, neuter, plural (kammadhraya)
atthi, there are, indicative, 3rd person, plural
tas, trembling, adjective qualifying pabht (nom. neut. pl.)
v, or, disjunctive
thvar, firm, adjective qualifying pabht (nom. neut. pl.)
v, or, disjunctive
an + avases, any other, negative adjective + adjective qualifying pabht (nom.
neut. pl.) (avyaybhava)
dgh v ye mahant v
majjhim rassakukathl [4]
whether they be long or great,
of middle (size), short, tiny, or of compact (body),
dgh, long, adjective qualifying pabht (nom. neut. pl.)
v, or, disjunctive
ye, they (who), relative pronoun to pabht (nom. neut. pl.)
mahant, great, adjective qualifying pabht (nom. neut. pl.)
v, or, disjunctive
majjhim, middle (size), adjective qualifying pabht (nom. neut. pl.)
rassaka + auka + thl, short, tiny, compact (body), adjective qualifying pabht
(nom. neut. pl.) (dvanda)

dih v ye ca addih
ye ca dre vasanti avidre
those who are seen, and those who are unseen,
those who live far away, those who are near,
dih, seen, adjective qualifying pabht (nom. neut. pl.)
v, (or), disjunctive
ye, those who, relative pronoun to pabht (nom. neut. pl.)
ca, and, connective
a + dih, unseen, negative particle + adjective qualifying pabht (nom. neut. pl.)
(avyaybhava)
ye, those who, relative pronoun to pabht (nom. neut. pl.)
dre, far (away), adjective qualifying pabht (nom. neut. pl.)
vasanti, live, indicative, 3rd person, plural
avidre, near, adjective qualifying pabht (nom. neut. pl.)l
bht v sambhaves v
sabbe satt bhavantu sukhitatt [5]
those who are born, and those who still seek birth may all beings in their hearts be happy!"
bht, those who are born, adjective qualifying pabht (nom. neut. pl.)
v, or, disjunctive
sambhaves, those who seek birth, adjective qualifying pabht (nom. masc. pl.)
v, or, disjunctive
sabbe, all, pronominal adjective qualifying satt (nom. masc. pl.)
satt, beings, nominative, masculine, plural
bhavantu, may ... be, imperative, 3rd person, plural
sukhita + att, happy... hearts, adjective + nominative, masculine, plural
(kammadhraya)
Na paro para nikubbetha
ntimaetha katthaci na kaci
No one should cheat another,
nor should he despise anyone wherever they be,
Na, no, negative adverb to nikubbetha
paro, one (lit: other), nominative, masculine, singular
para, another, accusative, masculine, singular
nikubbetha, should cheat, imperative, 3rd person, polite plural
na, nor, negative adverb to atimaetha
atimaetha, should he despise, imperative, 3rd person, polite plural
katthaci, wherever, indeclinable
na kaci, anyone, demonstrative pronoun + indeclinable

byrosan paighasa
namaassa dukkham-iccheyya [6]
he should not long for suffering for another
through anger or through resentment.
byrosan, through anger, instrumental, feminine, singular
paigha[ssa] + sa, through [the idea of] resentment, genitive + instrumental,15
feminine, singular (tappurisa)
na, not, negative adverb to iccheyya
aamaassa, for another, adverb to iccheyya
dukkha, suffering, accusative, neuter, singular
iccheyya, he should long, optative, 3rd person, singular
Mt yath niya putta
yus ekaputtam anurakkhe
in the same way as a mother would protect
her child, her only child, with her life,
Mt, a mother, nominative, feminine, singular
yath, in the same way as, adverb to anurakkhe
niya, her (lit: ones own), adjective qualifying putta (nom. masc. sing.)
putta, child, nominative, masculine, singular
yus, with ... life, instrumental, neuter, singular
eka + putta, only child, numerical adjective + nominative, accusative, singular
(kammadhraya)
anurakkhe, would protect, optative, 3rd person, singular
evam-pi sabbabhtesu
mnasa bhvaye aparima [7]
so toward all beings
he should develop the measureless thought (of friendliness).
eva pi, so, adverb + indeclinable
sabba + bhtesu, toward all beings, pronominal adjective + locative, neuter, plural
mnasa, thought, accusative, neuter, singular
bhvaye, he should develop, optative, 3rd person, singular
aparima, measureless, adjective qualifying mnasa (acc. neut. sing.)
15
Described as truncated feminine instrumentals (or ablatives) by the Comm. which gives other
examples.

Metta-ca sabbalokasmi
mnasa bhvaye aparima
Towards the whole wide world he should develop
the measureless thought of friendliness,
Metta, friendliness, accusative, feminine, singular
sabba + lokasmi, towards the whole world, pronominal adjective + locative,
masculine, singular
mnasa, thought, accusative, neuter, singular
bhvaye, he should develop, optative, 3rd person, singular
aparima, measureless, adjective qualifying mnasa (acc. neut. sing.)
uddha adho ca tiriya-ca
asambdha avera asapatta [8]
above, below, and across (the middle),
without barriers, hate, or enemy.
uddha, above, adverb to bhvaye
adho, below, adverb to bhvaye
ca, and, connective
tiriya, across, adverb to bhvaye
a + sambdha, without barriers, negative adjective + accusative, masculine, singular
(avyaybhava)
a + vera, without hate, negative adjective + accusative, neuter, singular (avyaybhava)
a + sapatta, without enemy, negative adjective + accusative, masculine, singular
(avyaybhava)
Tiha cara nisinno v
sayno v yvat assa vigatamiddho
Standing, walking, or sitting,
or lying, for as long as he is without torpor,
Tiha, standing, present participle (parassapada)
cara, walking, present participle (parassapada)
nisinno, sitting, past participle used with present participle meaning
v, or, disjunctive
sayno, lying, present participle (attanopada)
v, or, disjunctive
yvat, for as long as, indeclinable
assa, he is, optative, 3rd person, singular
vigata + middho,16 without torpor, adjective + nominative, masculine, singular
(kammadhraya)
16
Normally neuter but here masculine.

eta sati adiheyya
brahmam-eta vihra idha-m-hu [9]
he should be resolved on this mindfulness,
for this, they say here, is the spiritual way of life.
eta, this, demonstrative pronoun to sati (acc. fem. sing.)
sati, mindfulness, accusative, feminine, singular
adiheyya, he should be resolved on, optative, 3rd person, singular
brahma, spiritual, adjective qualifying vihra (acc. masc. sing.)
eta, this, demonstrative pronoun to vihra (acc. masc. sing.)
vihra, life, accusative, masculine, singular
idha, here, adverb to hu
-m-, (untranslated), euphonic particle
hu, they say, aorist, 3rd person, plural
dihi-ca anupagamma
slav dassanena sampanno
without going near a (wrong) view,
virtuous, and endowed with (true) insight,
dihi, wrong view, accusative, feminine, singular
an + upagamma, without going near, negative particle + absolutive
slav, virtuous, nominative, masculine, singular
dassanena, with insight, instrumental, neuter, singular
sampanno, endowed, nominative, masculine, singular
kmesu vineyya gedha
na hi jtu gabbhaseyya puna-r-et ti [10]
having removed greed towards sense pleasures,
he does not come to lie in a womb again.
kmesu, towards sense pleasures, locative, masculine, plural
vineyya, having removed, absolutive
gedha, greed, accusative, masculine, singular
na, not, negative adverb to eti
hi, (untranslated), emphatic indeclinable
jtu, (untranslated), emphatic indeclinable
gabbha [= gabbhe] + seyya, lie in a womb, locative + accusative, masculine, singular
(tappurisa)
puna, again, indeclinable
-r-, (untranslated), euphonic particle
eti, will come, indicative, 3rd person, singular
ti (untranslated), quotation marker

Tisuttanirutti - Anandajoti Bhikkhu

Caricato da

Informazioni sul documento

Titolo originale

Copyright

Formati disponibili

Condividi questo documento

Condividi o incorpora il documento

Opzioni di condivisione

Hai trovato utile questo documento?

Questo contenuto è inappropriato?

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

Tisuttanirutti - Anandajoti Bhikkhu

Caricato da

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

A Grammatical Analysis of Three Discourses

Later meaning: monastery.

An Analysis of the Discourse on the Blessings - 4

Having durative sense.

An Analysis of the Discourse on the Blessings - 5

An Analysis of the Discourse on the Blessings - 6

An Analysis of the Discourse on the Blessings - 7

An Analysis of the Discourse on the Blessings - 8

So defined by the comm.

An Analysis of the Discourse on the Blessings - 9

Comm. defines seeing here as upasakamanupahnnussaraassavanadassana;

An Analysis of the Discourse on the Blessings - 10

An Analysis of the Discourse on the Treasures - 12

An Analysis of the Discourse on the Treasures - 13

An Analysis of the Discourse on the Treasures - 14

An Analysis of the Discourse on the Treasures - 15

So defined by the comm.

An Analysis of the Discourse on the Treasures - 16

Comm. offers a second interpretation here, saying ahasata may be interpreted as

An Analysis of the Discourse on the Treasures - 17

An Analysis of the Discourse on the Treasures - 18

An Analysis of the Discourse on the Treasures - 19

An Analysis of the Discourse on the Treasures - 20

An Analysis of the Discourse on the Treasures - 21

An Analysis of the Discourse on the Treasures - 22

An Analysis of the Discourse on the Treasures - 23

An Analysis of the Discourse on the Treasures - 24

An Analysis of the Discourse on the Treasures - 25

An Analysis of the Discourse on the Treasures - 26

An Analysis of the Discourse on the Treasures - 27

An Analysis of the Discourse about Friendliness Meditation - 29

An Analysis of the Discourse about Friendliness Meditation - 30

An Analysis of the Discourse about Friendliness Meditation - 31

An Analysis of the Discourse about Friendliness Meditation - 32

An Analysis of the Discourse about Friendliness Meditation - 33

Normally neuter but here masculine.

An Analysis of the Discourse about Friendliness Meditation - 34

Potrebbero piacerti anche