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SOC/POL 374
Notes from Final Exam Review Session
SBU
Fall 2014
Moran

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SOC 374 review session

Poor nations are a part of world market but not in the way that will make them rich
3 generations of human rights
o 1st generation rights: political rights (he calls negative rights because of what
govt cant do to you); theyre intended to block govt authorities to block to mingle
with us free press, free speech the French revolution brought us those rights
declaration of man and citizen this created first generation political rights)
o 2nd generation rights: economic and social rights (he calls them positive rights
what states should provide you) school, social security, health care,
employment should be given by the state and started post WWII and
development of the welfare state
o These 2 rights are concerned with the nation state. Things that the nation states
can and cant give to you.
o 3rd generation: new generation rights (post national rights) rights from within the
state. Right to reside with a national subgroup. Rights of women, children,
indigenous people, ethnic minorities all given collectively, post national right
(first 2 are national, these are new generation thus post national)
India used to be rich country but UK took wealth from India
Myth country GDP increasing but doesnt mean people making more money. Country
better but not necessarily people. for all countries in general
People say poverty is a condition and wealth is created but really poverty is also created
by other nations. Myth: poverty is natural. Actually, India and Haiti theyre not naturally
poor but were taken advantage of from UK and France.
21st century debates
#1: universal rights vs. national rights
o ?
#2: universal rights vs. cultural relativism
o Can no longer use cultures as a means for humans rights violations
o Rape is not culture
o Denied medical care is not cultural
o International community needs to come together, like R2P, comes at the expense
of state sovereignty
Denationalization of jobs, and renationalization of people unsustainable contradiction,
b/c given where ppl will be living in the next 50 years and #2, given increasing inequality
of economic opportunity
o Contradiction: hes saying, money and jobs have been denationalized, travel
freely from country to country and people have been renationalized and not even
need passports or visas, easier to travel from country to country. Then expands
on statistics.
o Both are contradictions: money and jobs are denationalized, travel freely from
country but ppl have been renationalized which makes it harder to travel from
country to country because of state borders

1 contradictions and 2 reasons

Contradiction: denationalization
International migration
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Then 2 contradictions (2 world economic trends)

READINGS:
Not too specific
Articles on BB (not so much of textbook) check on syllabus
Started by universal declaration of human rights which was UN human charter
Eleanor Roosevelt was driving force for declaration
Tremendous leadership from US for Human Rights globally
Article 30 no state, group, or person can take away freedomhuman rights universal
regardless of what country
3 generations of human rights political rights (18th-19th century) negative rights what
the govt cannot do to you. Freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, etc. 1st
generation political rights. These were created by the French revolution of the man and
the citizen
2nd = economic and social rights (he calls it positive rights b/c its what states should
provide for you)
3rd = new generation rights post national.
justification for human rights violations
What is the unsustainable contradiction? (Question for example)
Brazil metaphor for the world the pictures
Dogs example how the US cares more for dogs than for what a person lives on in other
countries; dog income is $1500 per year and there are people who live on less than $1 a day

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