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Handicrafts are mostly defined as "items made by hand, often with the use of
simple tools, and are generally artistic and for traditional in nature. They are also
object of utility and object of decoration. Some common types of handicrafts are
Textile based handicrafts, Clay, Metal, Jewelers, Woodwork, Stone Craft, Glass and
Ceramic.
Handicrafts in Bangladesh:
Handicraft sector in Bangladesh is comprises with small manufacturing units and
mostly located in rural areas, operated either by the owner themselves or with the
assistance of a small work force of 10-20 people. Most enterprises use traditional
techniques with or without the use of tools or simple instruments. Total number of
workforce associated with the industry stands approximately over 3 millions of
which over three quarters are employed in textile, jute goods, wood, lather, cane
and bamboo.. Key players in the sector involved in domestic supplies as well as
exporters are:1.
1. Non Government Organization (NGO) exporters of Handicrafts. (Eg.Arong)
2. NGO supportive product house (Non exporters)
3. Private manufacturers /exporters. (Eg. Various jute good manufacturers)
4. Small private manufacturers (Non exporters, eg. Naksha, Rang, Nabarupa etc.)
1. Background
1.1History
The study of Bangladesh history and her descriptions are within very shortly
asbecause in common understanding there are in many way and dimension to
explainthe History of Bangladesh or Discovery of Bangladesh potential to give
details. Theterritory constituting Bangladesh was under the Muslim rule for over five
and a half centuries from 1201 to 1757 A-D. Subsequently, it was under the defeat
of the Britishafter the defeat of the last sovereign ruler, NawabSirajuddowla, at the
Battle of Plessey on the fateful day of June 23, 1757. The British ruled over the
entire Indiansub-continent including this territory for nearly 190 years from 1757 to
1947. Duringthat period Bangladesh was a part of the British Indian provinces of
Bengal andAssam. With the termination of the British rule in August, 1947 the subcontinent waspartitioned into India and Pakistan. Bangladesh was then a part of
Pakistan and wasknown as East Pakistan. It remained so about 24 years from
August 14. 1947 toMarch 25, 1971. It appeared on the world map as an
independent and sovereignstate on December 16, 1971 following the victory at the
War of Liberation from March25 to December 16, 1971
1.2 Bangladesh
Intervention of the central government from depriving Sheikh Mujib-ur-Rahman of
asource of living and his greatest contribution was in instilling among
Bengalibureaucrats and elite the courage for dissent and a great measure of selfconfidence.After nine months of war, the Pakistani military forces surrendered by
freedomfighters of Bangladesh at Dhaka on 16th December 1971 after killing three
millionpeople. Due to the heroic fight and supreme sacrifices of the heroic freedom
fightersBangladesh finally became an independent country. Bangladesh came into
existencein 1971 when Bengali East Pakistan seceded from its union with West
Pakistan
(Global Interactive Marketing and Technology Solution)
.Bangladesh is one of the world's most densely populated and least
developedcountry. Its economy is predominately agricultural (employs two thirds of
population),with rice being the chief crop. These rural communities are very weak to
the frequent,devastating cyclones and floods and about a third of this enormously
LeastDevelopment Country (LDC) floods annually during the monsoon rainy
season,hampering economic development.
First as part of British India and then of Pakistan, the area now
constitutingBangladesh suffered from chronic economic neglect. The region
produced largequantities of agricultural goods, including most of the world's jute,
but received littleinvestment in such basic items as transportation facilities and
industrial plants.Bangladesh's gross domestic product was estimated at $42.7
billion in 1998. Themanufacturing sector, which contributed 18.10 percent of
Bangladesh's domesticproduct in 1998, is made up principally of unmechanized,
small-scale enterprises.
The chief manufactures of the country are jute products (such as cordage and
sacks),textiles, processed food, beverages, tobacco items, handicrafts and goods
made of wood, cane, or bamboo. Large-scale factories process jute and sugarcane.
Much of the nation's heavy industry, including a small steel mill, is in the port of
Chittagong
(Sugata Bose & M. M. Akash, History of Bangladesh, Page 92-157)
Location & borders : South Asia. Bordered by India on the east, west & north &by
the Bay of Bengal on the south and the small border strip with Myanmar on the
south-east.
Government
Area / Land
Population / Literacy
Official language
language.
Capital
: Dhaka. Other major cities are Chittagong, Khulna,
Sylhet,Rajshahi& Barisal.
Intl. Airports
Sea ports
: Chittagong &Mongla.
Major exports
: Ready-made garments, frozen food (Shrimp),
leather,leather products, jute, jute products, tea, ceramics, textilefabrics, home
textile, chemical products, light engineeringproducts including bi-cycle.
Major imports
:Oil, edible oil, petroleum products, wheat seeds,
fertilizer,yarn, capital goods, machinery, power generatingmachinery, scientific &
medical equipments, iron &still,motor vehicles, raw cotton, chemicals.
Major trading partners
:USA, EU countries, China, India, Japan, South
Korea,Australia, Malaysia, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Thailand,Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, UAE
etc.
Source: Annual Report 2002-2003,
1.2.2 Geography
Bangladesh lies in the north eastern part of South Asia between 20 34' and 26
38north latitude and 68 01' and 92 41' east longitude. The country is bounded by
Indiaon the west, the north, and the north-east and Burma on the south-east and
the Bayof Bengal on the south. The area of the country is 56,977 sq. miles or 1,
47,570 sqk.m. The limits of territorial waters of Bangladesh are 12 nautical miles
and the areaof the high seas extending to 200 nautical miles measured from the
base linesconstitutes the economic zone of the country
1.2.3Physiography
Except the hilly regions in the north-east and the south-east, some areas of
highlands in the north and north western part, the country consists of low, flat and
fertileland. A network of rivers of which the Padma, the Jamuna, the Teesta,
theBrahmaputra, the Surma, the Meghna and the Karnaphuli are important, and
their tributaries numbering about 230 with a total length of about 24140 k.m.
covering thecountry How down to the Bay of Bengal. The alluvial soil is thus
continuously beingenriched by heavy silts deposited by rivers during the rainy
season
1.2.4Forest
The total forest area covers about 13.36% of the land area. The country
producestimber, bamboo and cane. Bamboos grow in almost all areas but quality
timber growsmostly in the valleys. Among the timber sal, gamari, chaplish,
telsu.jarui, teak, garjan,chandon and sundari are important. Sundari trees grow in
the Sundarbans located inthe south-western part of the country bordering the Bay
of Bengal, Plantation of rubber in the hilly regions of the country was undertaken
recently and extraction of rubber had already started. Varieties of wild animals are
found in the forest areas.Sundarban is the home of the world famous 'Royal Bengal
Tigers' and cheetahs, of other animals elephants, bears, deer, monkeys, boars,
leopard, and crocodiles areworth mentioning. A few hundred species and subspecies of birds are found in thecountry. Some of them are of seasonal and
migratory types
1.2.5 Government
Since the nation's formation in 1971, the government of Bangladesh has
undergonemany changes and a secular parliamentary form of democracy was
established bythe 1972 constitution, but it was suspended in late 1974 and replaced
in January1975 by a presidential form of government. The 1972 constitution, as
amended, wassuspended again in 1982 after a coup d'&tat. A ban on political
activities waswithdrawn and the constitution reinstated in 1986
.
Bangladesh became independent and sovereign after a clarion call
Bangladeshnow has a multi-party democratic system with a parliamentary form of
government. A sovereigntary parliament (JatiyaSangsad) is elected by the people
for a five-year term. It acts as the legislature and approves the annual national
budget.It can amend the Constitution with the support of at least two-thirds of
the330 members in the House. A simple majority is, however, sufficient to
approvelaws and pass the budget. Three hundred Members of parliament are
elected bydirect franchise while 30 seats reserved for women are filled in through
indirectelection by elected MPs. Parliament has to sit every two months and is
summonedinto session by the President. It has tenured of five years.
the previous year.Remittance from expatriate Bangladeshis was US$ 3000 million
compared to US$2501 during the preceding year registering an increase of about
20%
1.2.7 Labor
The civilian labor force of Bangladesh was estimated in 1998 to include 64.1
millionpeople. Agriculture (including fishing) employs 64 percent of the workers,
while 9percent worked in industry and 24 percent in services and the
unemployment andunderemployment are significant problems in the country
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.
Occupationally, 75 percent of the civilian labor force, which is currently estimated
at56 million, is directly or indirectly engaged in agriculture. Only 12 percent is
engagedin industry. Unemployment is estimated at around 18.5 percent. In terms of
agestructure, it is more youthful than in the western countries. Heavy pressure of
population on scarce land has no doubt created an extremely unfavorable landmanratio. Coupled with this is the problem of unequal distribution and
heavyfragmentation of land in the rural areas. This is expected to improve with
morevigorous efforts at poverty improvement and advancement of educational and
socialconsciousness. Slowness of the agricultural sector has resulted in its
increasingdependence on the whims of nature and the per capita daily availability
of food grainscoming down to low level of 432 gram. Nearly 45% of the people live
below thepoverty line
1.2.8 Manufacturing
The manufacturing sector, which contributed 18.10 percent of Bangladesh's
domesticproduct in 1998, is made up principally of unmechanized, small-scale
enterprises.The chief manufactures of the country are jute products (such as
cordage and sacks),textiles, processed food, beverages, tobacco items, and goods
made of wood, cane,or bamboo. Large-scale factories process jute and sugarcane.
Much of the nation'sheavy industry, including a small steel mill, is in the port of
Chittagong
producedby early craftsmen were not only singularly beautiful, but also
representative of theculture, tradition and customs of the country. With the passage
of time, however, newand modern styles and designs have been adapted and this
has paved the way for a
unique blend of the old and the new. Popular items in vogue are bamboo mirror
andpicture frames. Split bamboo shoots can be used as wall lining to create the
ultimatetropical decor. Bamboo and cane furniture as well as rattan, grass and
canehandicrafts and cane screens are just a few of the products available in an
amazingarray. Leather goods of attractive design and finishing are being produced
by skilledcraftsmen; the items produced are handbags, wallets, belts, shoe uppers,
travel bags,pen holders, card holders and many other utility items. Jute again is
another fiber from which a variety of useful products can be fashioned-be it bags,
belts, light shoes,wall hangings, draperies and of course jute carpets. Color fast,
fire-resistant, hazard-free jute carpets are unbelievably price advantageous. They
are also popular for health and environmental reasons all over the world.
The most recent national survey on handicraft and cottage industries in Bangladesh
was undertaken by BSCIC in 1991 and published in 1994. The survey found that
1.3million people were employed in handicrafts and cottage industries and over
three quarters are employed in three industries - food preparation, textiles/leather,
and wood/cane/bamboo, these were followed in importance by metal work and
potteries including minor crafts, a total of 940,000 were employed in craft
industries. Exports of general handicrafts reached a peak of US$ 8.7 million in
1991/92 and declined to US$ 6.5 million in 1994/95, 0.2 % of total manufactured
exports. By contrast leather goods exports increased from nothing in 1990/91 to
US$ 6.4 million in 1994/95 and artificial flowers from nil to US$ 800.000. The main
importing countries of generalhandicrafts in order of importance are UK, USA,
Germany, and Italy; for leather goods, USA, Japan and Italy for artificial flowers Italy.
The large NGOs were the main buyers of the products of the small nonexportingprivate manufacturers as well as the small NGO producers. The large
NGOssurveyed one was 100% export and the remaining sit combined exporting with
localsales through their own retail outlets, mainly in Dhaka. For three, the major
part of their income was export sales, and for three it was in retail sales. Although
the largeNGOs involved in handicrafts are basically traders, they provide a great
deal of support to their cooperative and self-help group suppliers. Assistance may
includetraining, product development and design, start up financial assistancemanagementsupport, transport and materials supply of the eight private
manufacturer/exportersthree were 100% export, three exported the major part of
their output and alsosupplied (mainly NGO) handicraft retail outlets and two sold the
major part of their output through their own retail outlets
The demanded Handicraft products are available in Bangladesh, these are as below:
Main Product
Jute products
Home textile
Lather goods
Wooden
Bamboo products
Candle products
SubProduct
Twine, hessian, gunny bag, twill,
carpetbacking, wool pack, tarpaulin,
mats,canvas, wall cover, upholstery, and
asfurnishing fabrics of different types
andnatures
Nakshi Katha,
JamdaniSharee,BenarashiSharee, Bags,
bed cover,Cushion Cover, Ornaments
Box, TablePrettification, Vest, Wall Mat
Leather Embroidered bags,
spectaclecases, chair backs, embossed
coin pursewallets made from buff
leather, nappaleather wallets and bags
etc
Desk Accessories, Kaleidoscope,
KitchenAccessories, Photo Frame, Show
Piece
Basket, Shoe piece, wall accessories
Birth candle, musical candle, candle doll
afavorable police for itsover all development envisaging its potentiality. Producers
for
export at the custom points have been simplified and speedy shipment of goods
hasbeen emphasized for boosting export.The art of weaving is perhaps as old as
human civilization. Bangladesh can proudlyclaim to have many branches of this
ancient art, of which the best known and mostpopular is the specialty Jamdani,
which is one of the varieties of the famous DhakaMuslin or Mul-mul. For over ten
centuries, the Dhaka area has been renowned for thisfine fabric. So fine was its
texture and quality that it was said to be woven with the"thread of the winds" and
the Greek and the Roman texts mention the "Gangeticmuslins" as one of the most
coveted luxury items. Woven from superfine cotton or silkyarn, jamdani fabric is
embroidered or inlaid on the loom with silk, gold and silver threads. Over the years,
the weavers simplified the designs making them morestylized and geometric.A new
handloom product has been developed by Grameen Bank- a leading nongovernment rural-oriented financial institution with trade name "GRAMEEN
CHECK"which is soft, colour fast and 100% cotton, The "Grameen Check" fabric and
theapparels made out of it have already made a breakthrough in the European
marketswith potential of penetrating Other- parts of the world.Another delicate and
finely woven product is the glowing soft silk of Rajshahiinrainbow hues. Very ethnic
are the striking, bold designs which is the trademark of thecolourful, tough fabric
woven by the weavers belonging to the various tribal races whoinhabit the hilly
areas like Cox's Bazar, Rangamati and Sylhet.Apart from those that already have
been mentioned, there are numerous other handloom materials which have made
their particular district of origin famous. Themost notable are sarees of Dhaka,
Tangail and Pabna, Monipuri blankets of SylhetandKhadi or Khaddar products of
Comilla.At present, the number of handlooms in Bangladesh is five hundred
thousand andthere are about one million weavers. Handloom products have shown
decisiveupward trend in the export market since 1972 and Bangladeshi handloom
productswith their distinctive design and superior quality have created a niche for
themselvesin overseas markets. We can now proudly claim to be equipped to meet
the demandfor the latest fashion. An international expert's study reveals that the
technical skill of the weavers of Bangladesh is second to none in the handloom
producing world.The product range of handloom is simply amazing and include
Muslin JamdaniSarees, Bedcovers, Bedsheets, Tapestry, Upholstery, Place mats,
Rugs or Blankets,Satranji or Durees, Crochet, Muslin, Tribal textiles, Silk fabrics, Sofa
covers, BlockPrints, Table cloth and Napkins, Towels, Dusters, Kitchen towels, Gents,
Ladies andBaby Wear and Shirts, Panjabis, Bedsheets and other household linen in
printed,plain or embroidered Khadi.
1.4.6.4 Wooden
Wooden made handicrafts are popular through the world. Mainly this sector is
popular in producing furniture, dolls, showpieces etc.
1.7 Conclusion
http://www.scribd.com/doc/15458779/Research-Proposal-Handicrafts
Exportable Products
Frozen shrimps
Frozen fishes
Fresh fishes
Frozen fish fillets and steaks and rays
Crabs et shell-fishes, fresh or frozen Prepared frozen dishes
You can make a request to the CCIFB for more information on the types
and sizes of shrimps
The CCIFB possesses the list of Bangladeshi exporters.
The CCIFB is at your disposition for further information
The USA
10
Denmark
20
The UK
10
Japan
10
Australia
10
Germany
The Middle
East
10
http://www.ccifb.org/sector_info.php
Modernisation of handicrafts in
Bangladesh
People have a distinctive sense of art. From the beginning of the civilisation they
have created innumerable things as a blossom of this sense. They have done it from
necessity or even unnecessarily because they are bound to do it. Some things they
have preserved and made these a part of their living, their tradition. Some things
they have abandoned as by anyway they feel these unnecessary.
Handicrafts are by nature traditional. By using their primitive instruments, hands,
people make these to use in their daily life. It is important to mention that most of
the time handicrafts have an aesthetic view and artistic value. For this reason,
historically the upper class of the society has a lust for these. In the timeline of
history, patronised by the higher class people at different times, different pieces of
handicrafts reached the peak of development and popularity.
The handicraft products that are available in Bangladesh can be categorised as
follows:
Of late, handicrafts have been exposed to commercialisation. Now, in Bangladesh,
considering its potentiality in local and international markets, people involved in this
sector claim for modernisation. New technologies and market competition always
pressurise us to take steps to modernise this sector. Now, question is: how will we
modernise this sector?
According to some modernists, tradition is somehow a barrier to modernisation. But,
without traditional touch, handicrafts will lose one of their unique features. Another
fact is All modernising society cannibalises their tradition, and in no modern society
traditional artisans are survived. Japan, USA, European countries, all have done
this. But in this case, China, India and Vietnam are different. China has preserved
her cultural industries according to her own way by giving patronisation and policyhelp. The modernisation concept is also slightly different there. The Chinese dont
think being modernized, that is, being westernised. Their subjects, materials,
designs etc, have been developed but not by abandoning tradition. Jingdezhen in
Jiangxi Province is a city famous for its 1,000-year-old handicraft industry, mainly
porcelain making. The town, Lukang of Taiwan, is claimed to be the Mecca of
traditional handicrafts.
So, to modernise our handicrafts industry what model we will choose is a matter of
some serious thought. However, our commerce minister has announced to
formulate a national Handicraft Policy and we are passionately waiting for this.
Because for modernisation or for any other development, policy support can act as
a major contributor.
Modernisation means creating well-trained artisan groups, adoption of technology in
the value creation process, and establishing supporting institutions to a standard
that will ensure competitive position of handicrafts in local and international
markets.
Creating well-trained artisan groups: Craft works are involved with social
relationships between producers and customers. The producers transfer social
meaning to their products; customers decode the meaning and reinterpret it.
Through this interaction, customers and producers share the same meanings, and
the crafts are purchased. So, the people making handicrafts exhibit our social
meanings derived from our values, cultural heritage, and tradition. To present the
cultural heritage in the best way, the work of well-trained artisans is a good option.
Now in Bangladesh, most handicrafts are produced, traded and exported by the
giant non-government organisations (NGOs) and private enterprises. Among them,
KaruponnoRangpur, Dhaka Trade, Kumudini, Aarong, Nipun crafts, Creation and
Pioneers are exporting handicrafts to foreign countries. In these firms, there are
professional designers with technical expertise. They design the products and
skilled or semi-skilled people living in rural areas work at the dictation of the
designers. In this case, creativity from the root level is automatically being
discouraged.
On the other hand, there are so many traditional artisan groups like potters, tatis,
embroidery artisans, wooden craft artisans etc, living around the country who are
supposed to be extinct because of lack of patronisation. The government here can
choose these groups and can provide funding and proper training on technology
implications, current trends and designs etc, under community-empowerment
projects. Giving award and prize money on skills and expertise can stimulate this
process of development. Arranging handicrafts fairs at national and international
levels and encouraging the award-winner craftsmen to participate in these fairs can
change the current situation.
http://futurestartup.com/2011/09/27/modernisation-of-handicrafts-in-bangladesh/
facilities, tax exemptions and depreciation allowances to the thrust sector industries
as a whole, selected product categories such as black smithies, pottery, cane and
bamboo products, mats, and metal wares etc, are also envisaged to receive some
concessional benefits under the small and cottage industries development
programmes. Additionally, establishment of a fashion design and training institute
at Mirpur in Dhaka, and special credit facilities for producers of Nakshikatha,
bamboo products and potteries in different locations of the country etc. are some of
the measures currently being taken by the Government, but at a slow pace.
However, these are only isolated and piecemeal efforts and fall far short of an
integrated and comprehensive national policy support for providing proactive
support to revive the past glory and ensure sustained growth of a vibrant, dynamic,
and internationally competitive handicrafts industries sector in the country.
Corresponding to the policy gap, there is also an institutional gap facing the
handicraft sector. For example, no public sector agency is designated in Bangladesh
for catering to the promotional services to the sector. Only BSCIC (Bangladesh Small
and Cottage Industries Corporation) by default is in a position to deliver limited
support services such as skill development training and design improvement
services, though the ground reality in this regard is rather different. This scenario is
in sharp contrast with the regional experience available from the neighbouring
countries such as India, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Philippines where an
extensive network of public and private institutions deliver comprehensive package
of support services to the Handicrafts industries sector. For example, the All India
Handicrafts Board, the Export Promotional Council for Handicrafts, and the
Handicrafts and Handloom Exports Corporation of India, etc., are together playing
important roles to promote exports of Indian Handicrafts. In contrast, the EPB
(Export Promotion Bureau) in Bangladesh does not even have a separate cell to
provide exclusive services to the Handicrafts exporters.
Suggestions: To overcome the present hurdles and ensure sustained development of
the handicraft sector in Bangladesh, the important policy suggestions may include
the following:
* Declaring a separate national policy recognising handicrafts as an "industrial
sector" in its own right following the example of Malaysia where a separate
handicrafts policy i.e. "National Crafts Policy" is in operation.
* Setting up a separate Industrial Park near the capital city Dhaka to ensure delivery
of common production and marketing facilities to the artisans and the crafts people.
* Encouraging commercial production of raw materials for handicrafts to encourage
setting up of new and expanding existing craft activities facilitating easy availability
of raw materials and promoting growth of the tourism industry to assist domestic
market expansion.
http://www.thefinancialexpress-bd.com/index.php?
ref=MjBfMTBfMTJfMTJfMV85Ml8xNDY1NTE
Traditional hand knitting with two needles replacing machine knitting as done by
HathayBunano with these baby hats. Fred Burke
Samantha Morshed
Today, handicrafts represent less than 1 percent of exports from Bangladesh. In
contrast, the global market for handicrafts is estimated to be close to $100 billion.
Surely this represents a huge opportunity for this country in terms of rural
employment creation.
The rural areas of Bangladesh are filled with women eager to show their fine
handicraft skills, being naturally proficient with stitches passed down from mother
to daughter and all having a genuine interest in crafts.
For many years textile handicrafts have been seen as an opportunity for the
creation of rural employment and the alleviation of poverty and many NGOs have
diversified into production of all sorts of fabric items.
Despite investment, mainly from international donors, the growth of the industry
has been starkly different from its cousin the garment industry, which now
dominates more than 70 percent of Bangladesh's GDP. Clearly something isn't
working.
A great deal of effort has been put into the promotion and production of
"NakshiKantha", a traditional and beautiful embroidery stitch, firmly rooted in this
country and representing the rich cultural heritage of Bangladesh. But the rest of
the world knows little about it.
This is not so surprising since much of the western world has lost its inherited
tradition of embroidery and whilst there are experts in all countries, a vast majority
of western women would find it difficult to distinguish hand embroidery from
machine embroidery, let alone recognise the specific differences of embroidery from
various regions of the world.
and hand-made products extremely desirable, but where interest in the tradition of
the handicraft has lost its prominence.
Textile handicrafts in Bangladesh must therefore change with the times, just as the
garments industry does seasonally, where styles change with fashion trends.
Without a doubt, the global market for handicrafts and all things hand-made is
expanding. When customers are faced with two products of similar price, quality
and design, they will invariably select hand-made over mass produced. The price
premium of hand-made items is small and whilst it is possible to make competitively
priced handicrafts in Bangladesh, it is important to understand that pricing is one of
the key factors to success in expanding this industry.
Changing designs is not a new concept in Bangladesh handicrafts and many donorfunded projects have been developed and run around the concept of bringing in
designers to work with rural artisans to help them make new designs to meet the
new demands of the international marketplace.
But the world is a fast moving place and when the designers have left, who will be
around to continually develop new products with these artisans?
Since success in this area will only be achieved by meeting the needs of the
customer, we must first consider what the customer is looking for. International
buyers of hand-made products are clear in their requirements. They need large
volumes, consistently high quality, timely delivery and effective communication. If
the Bangladesh textile handicraft sector can provide all this, then the likelihood is
that the buyers will supply the designs. Projects bringing in designers to work with
artisans for short periods of time equally bringing small-scale success for only a
short period will no longer be necessary.
and IT skills and equipment in a world where customers want questions answered
immediately.
There are significant similarities between the garments industry and the production
of textile handicrafts. They both need good quality raw materials, effective sampling
facilities and centralised quality control, finishing, packing and despatch. Whilst the
garments industry has all manufacture under the same roof as well, clearly the
major production work for handicrafts can be done in various rural parts of the
country in small-scale groups of artisans, both living and working locally.
Access to good quality raw materials is a fundamental problem for the current
model of handicraft production through small disparate groups of artisans. Whilst
Bangladesh is full of high quality raw materials, imported and produced for the
garments industry, these are not available in small scale to groups of handicraft
producers. The whole production process for raw materials here is geared towards
volume.
Small-scale handicraft producers are therefore left to buy what is available in the
open market and often with yarns and fabrics to 'bucket dye' in their own homes.
Without consistency of raw materials, how can we ever achieve consistency of
finished handicraft products?
In order to expand the rural production of handicrafts specifically for export we need
to combine the craft skills of the artisans with the business skills of SMEs, who could
provide all the centralised services along with bulk purchasing of raw materials,
sampling, marketing and communication.
It is unrealistic to assume that with a little training, a new design or two and some
capacity building, a small group of artisans will be able to secure sales to stores
overseas. Similarly, it is unrealistic to assume that large department stores in the
west, would be interested to source tiny volumes of one particular product from a
single supplier in a far away land.
Generally retail companies will place a limit on the number of suppliers that they
choose to buy from in order that they can manage administratively. So not only
must the supplier be able to make volume, but will also need to be able to make a
whole range in volume in order to have a chance of competing to supply.
Expansion of this industry through existing markets, rather than aiming for the
creation of markets, would be most cost and time effective. Traditional "carcupi"
stitching, with the finished look of a modern chain stitch, can easily be used to
replace stitching which might previously have been made by machine. Traditional
hand knitting with two needles can easily be used to make small items, which can
be time-consuming by knitting machine. Traditional crochet has no machine
alternative though.
The method of making handloom fabrics is much more flexible than machines in
creating diversity in cloth. Diversification of this industry therefore is not so much
about creating new methods and developing new markets as about adapting
existing skills to the requirements of today's marketplace and the needs of today's
buyers.
It was almost 30 years ago that the Letter of Credit (L/C) became the primary
instrument of choice for the garments industry in Bangladesh and the banking
While the L/C is not ideal for the handicraft sector, other services, like reduced
interest rates, low collateral, short-term loans and both international and domestic
factoring, will enable expansion of this industry.
Currently Bangladeshi handicraft exports represent only a tiny fraction of the global
market, maybe with some slight changes in emphasis, Bangladesh has a real
opportunity to become a significant global player in a thriving and expanding
industry.
http://archive.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=78194