Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
FUTURISM
Examples:
Victorian Library
FUNCTIONALISM
Marinetti was born in Alexandria, Egypt, and was educated there and in
Paris, Padua, and Genoa, receiving a law degree from the
University of Genoa in 1899.
Manifeste du Futurisme (Manifesto of Futurism, 1909)
Carolina Gallery
Walter Gropius brought an analytical and intellectual approach to architecture, not only
in large-scale public buildings such as the Bauhaus Museum in Berlin, shown here, but
also in housing schemes for the working-class sector of society. He believed that the
use of materials (glass, steel, and concrete) should be logical and that the design of a
building should be closely allied to its function.
INTERNATIONAL STYLE
DE STIJL
the style
Founded in 1917
Believed in the application of GEOMETRIC ABSTRACTIONS
Pure color and form
Piet Mondrain
CHARACTERISTICS:
Devoid of ornamentation
Symmetrical/Assymetrical plans
UTILITARIANISM-CONSTRUCTIVISM
UTILITARIANISM
CONSTRUCTIVISM
Pre-Fabricated unit
EXAMPLE:
Malevich Kasimir
Russian painter
Nakagin Capsule
Ginza Tokyo
Nakagin Capsule Tower Building
- Made of capsule Blocks
- Like toy brick stacked together
- Contains living units w/ bed, T&B etc.
- One man unit
Marcel Breuer
Italian architect
Member of Bauhaus
PHILOSOPHIES:
Woman in a basket
Gabo, Naum (1890(1890-1977),
Example:
NEONEO-EXPRESSIONISM
PHILOSOPHIES:
Le Corbusier
Less is more
PHILOSOPHY:
WORKS:
Seagram Building, New York
Mies van der Rohe designed several highrise buildings in the United States, after
his arrival there in 1937. The Seagram
Building, in New York, which he designed
with Philip Cortelyou and which was
completed in 1958, is conceived as a steel
framework with a glass, bronze, and
marble exterior. Ostensibly a severely
practical building, it is nevertheless
elegant and precise. It is a prime example
of the International Style, of which Mies
was the acknowledged leader.
Unit
Unit d'Habitation (1946(1946-1952)
INTERNATIONAL STYLE
PHILOSOPHY:
WORKS:
BOOKS:
THEORIES:
exsistence on earth.
Michigan:1948Michigan:1948-1956
Air Force Acadaemy
U.S. Embassy in London
The Chapel & Kresge Auditorium, Massachussetts
Institute of Technology
T.W.A. Terminal, Kennedy Terminal, N.Y.
- In a for m of bird about to fly.
1968
WORKS:
WORKS:
BOOKS:
PHILOSOPHY:
formulas.
Fallingwater, Pennsylvania
Frank Lloyd Wright, a pioneer of modern architecture, lived and worked in the Chicago area during the late 19th and
early 20th centuries. He designed many single-family houses, known as prairie houses. The Hills/DeCaro house in Oak
Park, west of Chicago, is one of more than 20 houses Wright designed while living in the town between 1890 and
1910.
Frank Lloyd Wright designed Fallingwater, in Bear Run, for the Kaufmann family in 1937. This view
shows the section of the house that extends over a natural waterfall, a device according with Wrights
belief that a buildings form should be determined by its environment. Contrasts in the textures and
colours of natural stone, concrete, and painted metal on the buildings exterior are characteristic of
Wrights innovative style.
Guggenheim Museum, New York
The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum,
commissioned as a gallery of modern art
and built 1956-1959, is one of Frank Lloyd
Wrights most important buildings. The
spiralling structure on the right is a grand
exhibition hall illuminated by a large
skylight; it has no separate floor levels,
the spiral ramp within creating a
continuous space. A new section (left ) was
added in 1992.
WORKS:
Munksnas-Naga, 1915
The City: Its growth, its decay, its future, N.Y., 1943
Nervi,
Nervi, Pier Luigi (1891-1979)
BOOKS:
Concrete & Structural Form, London: 1955
Kenz
Discovered ferro-cemento
- consist of layers of fine steel mesh sprayed w/ cement mortar &
it could be used either for shell construction or for heavier units
w/ reinforcing rods inserted between the layers of mortar & mesh.
ACHIEVEMENTS:
Furyu
WORKS:
Tange (1913- )
Japanese architect, the most prominent modern architect of the
country. In his designs for public buildings, has reconciled 20thcentury Western styles and materials with traditional Japanese
forms.
Anti realist attitude, anti action element in the Japanese
life.
PHILOSOPHIES:
Inside a Pyramid
The burial chambers inside the Egyptian pyramids held the sarcophagus of the pharaoh and the rich grave goods with which he was provided for the afterlife. These chambers
were located at the end of long corridors that could be sealed, or constructed in such a way as to confuse grave robbers. This cross-section of the Great Pyramid at Giza shows
the internal arrangement of passageways and burial chambers.
BOOKS:
PHILOSOPHIES:
Less is Bore
More is More
American architect Robert Venturi designed the Vanna Venturi House (1959-1963), located in
Chestnut Hill, Pennsylvania, for his mother. Venturis architectural theories for this and other
buildings he designed in the 1960s led to the development of postmodernism in architecture
during the 1970s. His theories advocate the use of historical allusion and symbolism, rejecting
the perceived sterility of orthodox modern buildings. His architectural firm designed many of
the most influential buildings of the 1970s and 1980s.
Philadelphia
WORKS:
EGYPTIAN ARCHITECTURE
Sculpture of Khafre
This sculpture depicts an idealized
representation of Khafre, the fourth
Egyptian king of the 4th dynasty. Khafre
was king from about 2603 BC. to 2578
BC. and built the second of the three
pyramids at Giza.
CHINESE ARCHITECTURE
Tiger Hill Pagoda, China
A pagoda is a tower usually found in
Buddhist temple enclosures in East and
South-East Asia, and typically having
several storeys each with an elaborate
roof or balcony. It is derived from the
stupa and functions as a shrine,
memorial, and tomb. Tiger Hill Pagoda,
in Suzhou, dates from the 10th century
and stands 47.5 m (155 ft) high.
Canterbury Cathedra(LEFT)
Canterbury Cathedral, one of the most illustrious examples of Gothic architecture in Britain, holding the shrine of St Thomas Becket, is
also the administrative centre of the Church of England. The Archbishop of Canterbury is Primate of All England, and effectively the
foremost prelate of the Anglican Communion. The ecclesiastical structure of the Church of England, combined with its broadly Protestant
theology, is one of its most distinctive characteristics.
ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE