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Date:
Date:
15.07.2009
Revision:
004/MIP/009
Author:
Jakub Bluszcz
MSC in Pool
MSC in Pool
Table of contents
Topic
Page
Introduction.....................................................................................................3
Network Resource Identification .....................................................................5
Node Selection Function.................................................................................6
Mobility Management....................................................................................10
Acronyms and Abbreviations ........................................................................12
References ...................................................................................................13
Disclaimer.....................................................................................................14
MSC in Pool
Introduction
The MSC in Pool, as a part of Intra Domain Connection of RAN Nodes to
Multiple CN Nodes solution, overcomes the strict hierarchy, which restricts
the connection of a BSC node to just one MSC. This restriction results from
routing mechanisms in the BSC which differentiate only between information
to be sent to the MSC (CS domain) or to the SGSN (PS domain) and which
do not differentiate between multiple CN nodes in each domain. The MSC in
Pool solution introduces a routing mechanism and other related functionality,
which enables the BSC to route information to different CN nodes within the
CS or PS domain, respectively.
MSC1
BSC1
BSC2
MSC2
BSC3
MSC3
BSC4
BSC5
BSC6
MSC in Pool
availability as other MSCs may provide services in case one MSC in the poolarea fails.
MSC2
MSC7
MSC4
MSC1
MSC6
MSC3
MSC5
BSC3
BSC2
BSC4
BSC5
BSC8
BSC6
BSC1
Pool-area 1
BSC7
Pool-area 2
Pool-area 3
MSC in Pool
BSC3
MSC3
MSC2
BSC1
MSC1
BSC2
MSC in Pool
between 10 and 0 bits (0 bits means the NRI is not used and the feature is
not applied).
The NRI is coded in bits 23 to 14 of TMSI. Regardless of the NRI length the
most significant bit of the NRI is always in bit 23 of TMSI.
octet 4
octet 3
octet 2
octet 1
31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
NRI
NRI - Network Resource Identification
Figure 4 Structure of TMSI
The BSC node derives the NRI from any initial signalling message. The BSC
masks the significant bits out of the TMSI to determine the NRI, which
identifies the MSC. It is configured in the BSC which bits out of TMSI
provided by the MS are significant for the NRI.
The change of a pool-area is not visible to the MS. In general there is no
need to detect a pool-area change. It may be advantageous for load
balancing purposes to detect pool-area changes in the network to distribute
MSs entering a pool-area to MSCs with an appropriate load status. MSs
changing a pool-area may be detected by configuration of different NRI
values for adjacent pool-areas.
MSC in Pool
MSC1
(NRI=1)
TMSI (NRI=2)
BSC1
MSC2
(NRI=2)
TMSI (NRI=2)
BSC2
MSC3
(NRI=3)
Paging Req.
(IMSI)
MSC
Paging
pool
BSC
MSC
Res. (IMSI)
IMSI MSC ID
MSC in Pool
MSC
pool
MSC
BSC
Req. (IMSI)
SGSN
(IMSI + MSC/VLRidentity)
Load balancing
The Node Selection Function in the BSC balances the load between the
available MSCs. This is performed by an appropriate selection of the MSC for
an MS:
which was not yet assigned to an MSC, i.e. when there is no MSC
configured for the NRI indicated by the MS,
Load ReRe-Distribution
There are situations where a network operator wishes to remove load from
one MSC in an orderly manner (e.g. to perform scheduled maintenance, or,
MSC in Pool
MSC
Null-NRI,
non-broadcast LAI
(NRI=1)
O&M
LA Upd. (periodic)
BSC
LA Upd. Accept ( )
MSC
(NRI=2)
LA Upd. (periodic)
MSC
(NRI=3)
TMSI re-allocation ( )
BSC
MSC
(NRI=2)
LA Upd.
MSC
(NRI=3)
MSC in Pool
The MSs being moved from one MSC are stopped from registering to the
same MSC again by an O&M command in BSCs connected to the pool. The
MSs moving into a pool area are also stopped from registering into an MSC
being off-loaded in the same manner.
Mobility Management
An MS performs LA Updates, which may result in a change of the serving
MSC. In these procedures the new MSC requests from the old MSC MS
specific parameters. If multiple MSCs are configured in the new MSC for the
old LA indicated by the MS then the new MSC derives the NRI from the old
TMSI indicated by the MS. The new MSC uses the old LA together with the
NRI to derive the signalling address of the old MSC from its configuration
data.
old pool
MSC
(NRI=1)
MSC
(NRI=2)
LA Update Request
Send Identification /
Send Parameters
MSC
NRI & old LAI MSC/VLR number
10
MSC in Pool
Note that the default MSC is configured per LA. So different MSCs in a
network might have configured different default MSCs for a LA. With this
approach more than one of the MSCs that serve a pool-area can be used as
default MSC, so load concentration on one MSC and a single point of failure
can be avoided.
old pool
MSC
(default)
MSC
Send Identification
/ Send Parameters
LA Update Request
(TMSI, old RAI)
MSC
LAI default MSC number
11
MSC in Pool
12
MSC in Pool
References
This section contains the locations of various specifications, document
references and useful information where you can learn more about this
subject.
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
13
MSC in Pool
Disclaimer
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