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13
Monopolistic Competition
5)
1)
A)
B)
C)
D)
A)
B)
C)
D)
A)
B)
C)
D)
6)
A)
B)
C)
D)
A)
B)
C)
D)
7)
A)
B)
C)
D)
A)
B)
C)
D)
Answer: A
Answer: B
4)
Answer: B
Answer: B
3)
Answer: B
Answer: D
2)
MONOPOLISTIC
COMPETITION
AND OLIGOPOLY
Answer: D
Answer: B
435
436
CHAPTER 13
9)
A)
B)
C)
D)
Answer: B
Topic: Monopolistic Competition
Skill: Recognition
14) When comparing perfect competition and monopolistic competition, we find that
A) firms in monopolistic competition produce
identical products just as do firms in perfect
competition
B) firms in monopolistic competition face barriers
to entry, unlike firms in perfect competition.
C) advertising plays a large role in monopolistic
competition, unlike in perfect competition.
D) firms in monopolistic competition are price takers just as is the case for firms in perfect competition
Answer: C
Topic: Product Differentiation
Skill: Analytical
437
Answer: D
Answer: D
17)
A)
B)
C)
D)
Answer: A
Topic: Product Differentiation
Skill: Recognition
19)
A)
B)
C)
D)
Answer: B
Answer: A
Answer: C
Answer: B
438
CHAPTER 13
29) For a firm in monopolistic competition, the marginal cost curve intersects the average total cost
curve
A) at the minimum average total cost.
B) to the left of the minimum average total cost.
C) to the right of the minimum average total cost.
D) at no point.
Answer: A
Answer: B
30)
A)
B)
C)
D)
26) In monopolistic competition, each firms marginal revenue curve lies ____ its demand curve
because of ____.
A) below ; barriers to entry
B) below; product differentiation
C) above; barriers to entry
D) above; product differentiation
Answer: B
Topic: Monopolistic Competition; Demand Curve
Skill: Conceptual
Answer: C
Topic: Monopolistic Competition; Price
Skill: Conceptual
439
Answer: B
Answer: D
Answer: C
Topic: Monopolistic Competition; Short-Run
Economic Loss
Skill: Analytical
440
CHAPTER 13
44) If all firms in a monopolistically competitive industry faced the same demand and cost curves
pictured in the above figure,
A) new firms will enter the industry.
B) some firms will exit the industry.
C) their economic profit would be zero.
D) they would produce 60 units in total.
Answer: C
Topic: Monopolistic Competition; Short-Run
Economic Profit
Skill: Analytical
41) In the above figure, the monopolistically competitive firm earns an economic profit of
A) $0.
B) between $0 and $50 per day.
C) between $50.01 and $100 per day.
D) greater than $100.01 per day.
Answer: B
Topic: Monopolistic Competition; Long-Run and
Short-Run Economic Profit
Skill: Conceptual
43) The figure above shows a monopolistically competitive firm in the short run. During the transition to the long run, the demand curve will shift
____ and the MR curve will shift ____.
A) leftward; leftward
B) leftward; rightward
C) rightward; leftward
D) rightward; rightward
Answer: A
Answer: A
Topic: Monopolistic Competition; Long-Run
Economic Profit
Skill: Analytical
441
49)
A)
B)
C)
D)
Answer: B
51) If the market served by a monopolistically competitive industry expands, a likely result in the
long run will be
A) less elastic demand curves facing each firm.
B) a higher ratio of price to average cost.
C) a larger number of firms producing a similar
product.
D) a transition from monopolistic competition to
oligopoly.
Answer: C
Topic: Monopolistic Competition; Long-Run Profit
Maximization
Skill: Conceptual
52) In the long run, a firm in a monopolistically competitive industry produces where its marginal cost
A) is less than its average cost.
B) equals its average cost.
C) exceeds its average cost.
D) equals its price.
Answer: A
Topic: Monopolistic Competition; Long-Run Profit
Maximization
Skill: Recognition
53) In the long run, a firm in monopolistic competition produces where the slope of the average total
cost curve is
A) negative.
B) zero.
C) positive.
D) equal to the marginal cost.
Answer: A
442
CHAPTER 13
Answer: C
Topic: Monopolistic Competition; Long-Run
Economic Profit
Skill: Conceptual
Answer: B
Topic: Monopolistic Competition; Long-Run
Economic Profit
Skill: Conceptual
Answer: C
Answer: B
443
62) In the long run, a firm in a monopolistically competitive industry has its price equal to its
A) average total cost.
B) marginal cost.
C) marginal revenue.
D) elasticity of demand.
Answer: A
Topic: Monopolistic Competition; Long-Run Price
Skill: Conceptual
64) In the long-run equilibrium, a firms price definitely equals its average total cost in
A) both monopoly and monopolistic competition.
B) neither monopoly nor monopolistic competition.
C) monopoly but not monopolistic competition.
D) monopolistic competition but not monopoly.
Answer: D
444
CHAPTER 13
445
B)
C)
75) In the above figure of a monopolistically competitive firm, the marginal cost of the last unit produced is
A)
B)
C)
446
CHAPTER 13
76) In the above figure of a monopolistically competitive firm, the area of economic profit is
A) ADB.
B) ABC.
C)
P2AD P4.
D) P2FEP5.
Answer: D
Topic: Monopolistic Competition, Long-Run
Economic Profit
Skill: Conceptual
77) The above figure shows a monopolistically competitive firm. The figure
A) is only a short-run illustration, because the firm
is earning an economic profit.
B) could be either a short-run or long-run illustration because monopolistically competitive firms
can earn an economic profit in the long-run.
C) is only a long-run illustration because the firm is
earning only a normal profit.
D) is neither a short- nor a long-run illustration.
Answer: A
Topic: Monopolistic Competition, Long-Run
Economic Profit
Skill: Analytical
78) In the above figure, in the long run, this monopolistically competitive firm will
A) produce more output at a higher price, assuming
no change in costs of production.
B) produce less output at a lower price, assuming
no change in costs of production.
C) produce the same quantity at the same price.
D) Any of the above are possible.
Answer: B
81) It is clear from the theory of monopolistic competition that product development is not pushed
to its efficient level. This statement is
A) false because there is so much product differentiation in monopolistic competition.
B) true because there really is little incentive to innovate in monopolistic competition.
C) false because there are so many wasteful innovations in monopolistic competition that are
merely cosmetic.
D) true because price exceeds marginal revenue in
monopolistic competition.
Answer: D
Topic: Marketing
Skill: Conceptual
447
What Is Oligopoly?
Topic: Oligopoly
Skill: Recognition
88)
A)
B)
C)
D)
An example of oligopoly is
wheat farming.
the restaurant industry.
long-distance telephone service.
the clothing industry.
Answer: C
Topic: Oligopoly
Skill: Conceptual
89)
A)
B)
C)
D)
In oligopolistic markets,
there are many firms.
there are no barriers to entry.
there are only a few firms.
all firms are price takers.
Answer: C
Topic: Oligopoly
Skill: Conceptual
448
CHAPTER 13
Topic: Oligopoly
Skill: Recognition
Answer: B
Answer: B
Answer: C
Topic: Kinked Demand Curve Model
Skill: Recognition
93) The kinked demand model is based on the assumption that each firm believes that
A) if it raises its price, other firms will follow.
B) if it cuts its price, other firms will not follow.
C) if it cuts its price, the other firms will follow.
D) it is unable to ever raise its price.
Answer: C
Topic: Kinked Demand Curve Model
Skill: Recognition
449
Answer: A
Topic: Kinked Demand Curve Model
Skill: Conceptual
450
CHAPTER 13
Answer: D
Topic: Kinked Demand Curve Model
Skill: Analytical
will increase.
will decrease.
will not change.
could increase, decrease, or stay the same.
Answer: C
Topic: Kinked Demand Curve Model
Skill: Analytical
Answer: A
Topic: Dominant Firm Oligopoly Model
Skill: Conceptual
Price
(dollars)
50
40
30
20
10
Supply of each
small firm
(cases)
100
80
60
40
20
Market demand
(cases)
0
300
600
900
1200
451
Answer: B
Topic: Dominant Firm Oligopoly Model
Skill: Analytical
Answer: A
Topic: Dominant Firm Oligopoly Model
Skill: Conceptual
Oligopoly Games
Topic: Game Theory
Skill: Conceptual
Answer: A
Answer: C
452
CHAPTER 13
Confess
Joe
Dont
confess
Bob
Dont conConfess
fess
B: 10 years B: 20 years
J: 10 years J: 1 year
B: 1 year
B: 2 years
J: 20 years
J: 2 years
Answer: B
Topic: Prisoners Dilemma
Skill: Recognition
Sell
Sell
Firm 2
Give
away
1:
2:
1:
2:
Firm 1
Give away
$3 1:
$4
$3 2:
$1
$1 1:
$2
$4 2:
$2
453
R&D
Firm B
No
R&D
Firm A
R&D
No R&D
A:
$25 A:
$3
B:
$15 B:
$60
A:
$60 A:
$50
B:
$3 B:
$35
127) Firms A and B can conduct research and development (R&D) or not conduct it. R&D is costly
but can increase the quality of the product and
thus possibly increase sales. The payoff matrix is
the economic profits of the two firms and is given
above, where the numbers are millions of dollars.
As best strategy is to
A) conduct R&D regardless of what B does.
B) not conduct R&D regardless of what B does.
C) conduct R&D only if B conducts R&D.
D) conduct R&D only if B does not conduction
R&D.
Answer: A
Topic: Game Theory, Nash Equilibrium
Skill: Analytical
Answer: A
Topic: Game Theory, Nash Equilibrium
Skill: Conceptual
128) Firms A and B can conduct research and development (R&D) or not conduct it. R&D is costly
but can increase the quality of the product and
thus possibly increase sales. The payoff matrix is
the economic profits of the two firms and is given
above, where the numbers are millions of dollars.
The Nash equilibrium occurs when
A) both A and B conduct R&D.
B) only A conducts R&D.
C) only B conducts R&D.
D) neither A nor B conduct R&D.
Answer: A
454
Fox
CHAPTER 13
Disney
Thanksgiving Christmas
release
release
Thanksgiving D:
$100 D: $105
release
F:
$80 F:
$95
Christmas
D:
$110 D:
$95
release
F:
$100 F:
$85
Advertise
Dr. Jones
Dont
advertise
Dr. Smith
Dont
Advertise
advertise
S:
$80 S:
$60
J:
$70 J:
$110
S:
$120 S:
$100
J:
$60 J:
$90
Answer: D
Topic: Game Theory
Skill: Analytical
Answer: A
Topic: Game Theory
Skill: Analytical
455
Topic: Cartel
Skill: Recognition
Answer: A
Answer: A
Topic: Cartel
Skill: Recognition
Answer: C
Topic: Colluding To Maximize Profits
Skill: Recognition
456
CHAPTER 13
Answer: B
Lower
prices
142) In a cartel,
A) each firm has an incentive to decrease its own
output below the level set by the cartel.
B) the firms marginal cost equals the price set by
the cartel.
C) each firm has an incentive to lower its price below the level set by the cartel.
D) each firm has an incentive to raise its price above
the level set by the cartel.
Answer: C
Topic: Cartel; Incentive To Cheat
Skill: Conceptual
144) If a duopoly has a collusive agreement that maximizes joint profit, then each duopolist has
A) no incentive to cheat.
B) an incentive to cheat by lowering its price.
C) an incentive to cheat by raising its price.
D) an incentive to cheat by decreasing its output.
Answer: B
Wal-mart
Dont
lower
prices
Sears
Dont lower
Lower prices
prices
S: $5 million
S: $1 million
W: $5 million W: $30 million
S: $30 million S: $20 million
W: $1 million W: $20 million
457
458
CHAPTER 13
Answer: B
Answer: D
160) Adkins Air is the only seller offering service directly from Milwaukee to Greensboro. The market is contestable. Thus the Nash Equilibrium for
a game between Adkins Air and a potential entrant is when
A) the potential entrant enters and Adkins earns a
normal profit.
B) the potential entrant enters and Adkins earns an
economic profit.
C) the potential entrant does not enter and Adkins
earns a normal profit.
D) the potential entrant does not enter and Adkins
earns an economic profit.
Answer: C
Topic: Contestable Market
Skill: Conceptual
Answer: C
Topic: Limit Pricing
Skill: Recognition
161) The practice of the only seller in a market charging a price less than the monopoly price in order
to scare away potential entrants is called
A) limit pricing.
B) collusive pricing.
C) agile pricing.
D) trigger pricing.
Answer: A
164) A monopolistically competitive firm is like a perfectly competitive firm insofar as both
A) have negatively sloping demand curves.
B) can earn no economic profit in the long run.
C) have horizontal MR curves.
D) are protected by high barriers to entry.
Answer: B
Topic: Study Guide Question; Oligopoly
Skill: Conceptual
165) Which of the following is characteristic of oligopoly, but NOT of monopolistic competition?
A) The choices made by one firm have a significant
effect on other firms.
B) Each firm faces a downward-sloping demand
curve.
C) Firms are profit-maximizers.
D) There is more than one firm in the industry.
Answer: A
Topic: Study Guide Question; Oligopoly
Skill: Conceptual
459
460
CHAPTER 13
MyEconLab Questions
Topic: Monopolistic Competition
Level 1: Definitions and Concepts
461
Topic: Duopoly
Level 1: Definitions and Concepts
Topic: Cartel
Level 2: Using Definitions and Concepts
Answer: A
Topic: Cartel
Level 2: Using Definitions and Concepts
182) Advertising costs are ____ costs and the per unit
cost ____ as production increases.
A) fixed; increases
B) variable; increases
C) fixed; decreases
D) variable; does not change
Answer: C
Topic: Game Theory
Level 2: Using Definitions and Concepts
Answer: A
Topic: Cooperative Equilibrium
Level 2: Using Definitions and Concepts
462
CHAPTER 13
Answer: D
Answer: D
Topic: Marketing
Level 3: Calculations and Predictions
Answer: A
Answer: C
Topic: Colluding To Maximize Profits
Level 3: Calculations and Predictions
463
197) The figure above shows the cost, marginal revenue, and demand curves of Golden Chow, a producer of dog food. The market for dog food is
monopolistic competition. In the long run as new
firms enter, Golden Chow cuts its output to 200
cans per day. Its excess capacity is ____ cans per
day.
A) 0
B) between 0 and 200
C) between 201 and 400
D) more than 401
Answer: C
Topic: Monopolistic Competition; Long-Run
Equilibrium
Level 4: Advanced Calculations and Predictions
196) The figure above shows the cost, marginal revenue, and demand curves of Golden Chow, a producer of dog food. The market for dog food is
monopolistic competition. In the short run,
Golden Chow sells 400 cans of dog food per day
and makes ____. Other firms have ____ incentive
to enter the industry.
A) an economic profit of $200 a day; an
B) an economic profit of $400 a day; an
C) normal profit of $200 a day; no
D) an economic profit of $400 a day; no
Answer: A
Answer: B
464
CHAPTER 13
Oscar
Cheat
Felix
Comply
Cheat
O: $1 M
F:
$1 M
O: $12 M
F: $2 M
Comply
O: $2 M
F: $12 M
O: $10 M
F: $10 M
201) Oscar and Felix are the only firms that clean offices in a large city. They agree to operate as a cartel. The payoff matrix above gives the economic
profit that each firm can make. If Felix cheats on
the agreement but Oscar complies, Felix makes an
economic profit of ____ and Oscar makes an
economic profit of ____.
A) $10 million; $10 million
B) $1 million; $1 million
C) $2 million; $12 million
D) $12 million; $2 million
Answer: D
Topic: Game Theory
Level 4: Advanced Calculations and Predictions
202) Oscar and Felix are the only firms that clean offices in a large city. They agree to operate as a cartel. The payoff matrix above shows the economic
profit that each firm can make. If the game is
played only once, then ____.
A) Felix and Oscar will each make $10 million
profit
B) Felix will comply and Oscar will make $12 million profit
C) Felix and Oscar will each make $1 million profit
D) Felix will cheat and Oscar will make $2 million
profit
Answer: C
203) Oscar and Felix are the only firms that clean offices in a large city. They agree to operate as a cartel. The payoff matrix shows the economic profit
that each firm can make. If the game is played repeatedly and Felix and Oscar both use a tit-for-tat
strategy, then ____.
A) Felix will make $10 million and Oscar will cheat
B) Felix and Oscar will each make $1 million profit
C) Felix will make $2 million and Oscar will cheat
D) Felix and Oscar will each make $10 million
profit
Answer: D