Abbreviation

Symbol

Definition

C6F

Cable 6 front: slip next 3 sts to cable needle

and hold in front of work, K3, then K3 from
cable needle

C6B

Cable 6 back: slip next 3 sts to cable needle

and hold in back of work, K3, then K3 from
cable needle

C8B

Cable 8 back: slip next 4 sts to cable needle

and hold in back of work, K4, then K4 from
cable needle

Knit (regardless of whether it is a right side, or

wrong side row)

Purl (regardless of whether it is a right side, or

wrong side row)

K2tog

Knit 2 together

SSK
or
Sl 1, K1, PSSO

Slip, Slip, Knit: Slip next st from left hand

needle to right hand needle knitways. Slip
next st the same way. Return both sts to left
hand needle in their new twisted positions and
k2tog or
Slip 1, Knit 1, pass slipped stitch over

K3tog

Knit 3 together

Sl 1, K2tog,
PSSO

Slip 1, Knit 2 together, pass slipped stitch

over

Sl 2, K1, PSSO

Slip 2 together, K1, pass slipped stitches over

P2tog

Purl 2 together(a reverse plain knitting stitch,

often combined with a plain stitch to create a
ribbed effect.)

Sl 1

Slip 1

YO

Yarn Over

(YO) twice

Double Yarn Over

(YO) three

Triple Yarn Over

1

times
no abbreviation

Drop the next st off the needle

(Commonly the 2nd loop of a double yarn
over that was worked on the previous row)

no abbreviation

No stitch. Ignore this square and knit the next

stitch as the next square in the chart.
This symbol is used so that stitches in the
chart match up properly, so the relationships
between stitches on different rows can be
seen. When knitting just ignore it and work
your next stitch as the next square in the chart.

Symbol Knitting
2

English

symbol(s)

knit stitch (ks)

Hold the needle with the cast on stitches in the left hand. With the yarn
at the back of work, insert the right -hand needle from left to right
through the front of
the first stitch on left-hand needle. Wind the yarn from left to right
over the point of the right-hand needle. Draw the yarn back through
the stitch, thus forming a loop in the right-hand needle. Slip the
original stitch off the left-hand needle.
twisted or crossed knit stitch (tk)
Insert right-hand needle in the back loop of the left-hand needle and
knit a stitch.
Slip the stitch off the left-hand needle.
purl stitch (ps)
With the yarn at the front of the work insert the right-hand needle from
right to left through the front of the first
stitch on the left-hand needle.
Wind the yarn from right to left over the point of the right -hand
needle. Draw a loop through onto the right-hand
needle. Slip the stitch off the left-hand needle.

twisted or crossed purl stitch (pk)

With the yarn at the front of the work insert the right-hand needle in
the back loop of the left-hand one.
Wind the yarn and draw a loop through on to the right-hand needle.
Slip the stitch off the left-hand needle.

yarn over (yo)

An extra stitch can also be made with a loop between two stitches
which is knitted or purled on subsequent rows.
This form a hole which can be used as a decorative feature.
yo between two knit stitches:
Bring the yarn forward as if to purl a stitch, then taking the yarn over
the top of the needle knit the next stitch.
you between two purl stitches:
Take the yarn over the top of the needle, then between the two needles
to the front again before purling the next
stitch.
yarn over twice
in next round work:
purl or twisted knit first yo
knit second yo
yarn over twice
3

in next round:
knit first yo, slip second yo
yarn over 3 times (triply, thrice)
then work 5 stitches in next round into triple yo:
(knit 1, purl 1) alternating

yarn over 4 times

then work 9 stitches in next round into quad yo:
(knit 1, purl 1) alternating
knit two stitches together (k2tog)
Insert the right-hand needle from left to right thorough two stitches
instead of one, then knit them together as one
stitch. This is called knit two together.

knit three stitches together (k3tog)

knit four stitches together (k4tog)

knit four stitches together this way:

Slip 2 twisted stitches, knit next 2 sts tog, and pass the slipped ones
over.

purl two stitches together (p2tog)

purl threee stitches together (p3tog)

slip stitch knitwise

You can slip a stitch knitwise where the right-hand needle is inserted
as if to knit. In this case the slip stitch becomes twisted. Occasionally
twisted slip stitches can become a feature of the stitch pattern.

slip stitch purlwise

sl1, k1, psso (decreasing)

Slip one stitch then knit the next one and pass the slipped stitch over.

sl1, k2tog, psso (decreasing)

Slip one stitch then knit the next two together and pass the slipped
stitch over.

slip as many stitches as arrow shows to previous needle (right needle)

slip as many stitches as arrow shows to next needle (left needle)

work into stitch:

twisted knit stitch 1 and knit 1

work in stitch 4 stitches like:

alternating knit 1 and purl 1
cross stitches
slip 1 stitch, knit next stitch, pass slipped stitch over, knit 1 stitch into
slipped stitch

slip 2 stitches together as if to knit, knit next stitch, pass slipped

stitches over

selvedge stitch

not relevant, only to show meaning of pattern and chart

Loop Cast-on
Put on the working yarn on your right forefinger.

Turn inside your hand and hook the yarn with the left needle as
the illustration.

After the loop was made, pull off the finger.

A loop-cast-on-stitch was made. Repeat it until you required.

This stitches tend to loosen when you knit on them.So, you had
better keep tight the loops.

Strand Increase
There are two method of 'Strand Increase'. Usually, you can use each of them you prefer. In some
case, you need to use the both method distinctly in a same project.

Strand Increase(1)
With the left needle, hook up the strand between the stitches,from back to front.

Insert the right needle in the strand on the left needle, like the blue arrow, and knit
one stitch on it.

The strand is twisted and it makes a new extra stitch.

Strand Increase(2)
With the left needle, hook up the strand between the
stitches,from front to back.

Insert the right needle in the strand on the left needle, like the
blue arrow, and knit one stitch on it.

The strand is twisted and it makes a new extra stitch.

Left Increase
7

Left Increase
With the left needle, pick up the stitch-two-row-below of the stitch on the right
needle.

Insert the right needle into the back loop, and knit on it.

One stitch(res stitch) is increased.

Right Increase
Right Increase
With the right needle, pick up the stitch below of the stitch on the left needle.

Slip the stitch to the left needle.

Knit on the needle.

Knit on the next stitch.

The red stitch is increased.

Yarn Over
Yarn Over

Hook the working yarn with the right needle.

Knit on the next stitch.

The red stitch is a yarn-over.

Over Increase
Over Increase
Knit.

While keeping the stitch on the left needle, hook the working yarn on the right
needle.

Knit on the same stitch.

Three stitches stand on the stitch. This increases 2 stitches at a time.

Stitch Over
Stitch Over
There are many stitch-over. Here describes one example of them.

Insert the right needle into the stitch which to go over. And move the stitch like
the blue arrow.

The stitch go over the right-two- stitches, and results one stitch to decrease. If
you knit on the 2 stitches be over, it's represented as
.

Together (Knit 2 stitches together)

Together(Knit 2 stiches together)
Insert the right needle 2 stitches as if they are one stitch.

The left stitch wrap over the right stitch. It cause one stitch
decreasing.

Slip, Knit, Pass Over

Slip, Knit, Pass Over
Insert the right needle into the stitch knitwise, slip the stitch to the right needle.

Knit on the next stitch.

Insert the left needle into the slipped stitch on the right needle.

Pass over the slipped stitch over the knitted stitch.

10

The right stitch wraps over the left stitch.

Close SKPO but purling version

Close SKPO but purling version
Insert the right needle into the 2 stitches from back. Slip 2 stitches to
the right needle.

The slipped stitches are twisted. So Slip back the stitch to the left
needle to untwist.

Do same the second stitch.

Insert the right needle purlwise into the two stitches and purl.

The right stitch wraps over the left stitch.

Double Vertical Decrease

Double Vertical Decrease
Insert the right needle knitwise and slip the two stitches together.
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Knit.
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11

Insert the left needle into the stitches be slipped.

Pass over the two stitches together.

One stitch stands on the 3 stitches. The middle stitch is on the near side.

Double Right-slanting Decrease

Double Right-slanting Decrease
Insert the right needle knitwise into the 3 stitches, knit together.

One stitch stands on the 3 stitches. The left stitch is on the near side.

Double Left-slanting Decrease

Double Left-slanting Decrease
Insert the right needle knitwise, and slip the stitch to the right needle.

12

Knit 2 stitch together.

Insert the left needle into the slipped stitch.

Pass the stitch over the two stitches.

One stitch stands on the 3 stitches. The right stitch is on the near side.

2-st Left Cross

2-st Left Cross

Insert the right needle into the second stitch, while holding the first stitch with
your left finger. Carry the needle right of the first stitch on the left needle.

Knit.

Knit on the first stitch.

13

Pull the left needle out of the second stitch.

The left stitch cross over the right stitch.

2-st Right Cross

2-st Right Cross
Put the left needle behind the first stitch(green), Insert it into the second
stitch knitwise.

The picture is a top view. Push the right needle away, and knit to right of the
first stitch.

Knit on the first stitch.

Pull the left needle out of the stitch.

The right stitch cross over the left stitch.

Left Stitch Pass through Right Stitch

Left Stitch Pass Through Right Stitch

14

Insert the right needle knitwise, and slip the stitch to the right
needle.

Do the next stitch as same.

Insert the left needle into the first(green) stitch.

Pass the stitch over the second stitch(red).

Insert the left needle into the second(red) stitch.

Knit on the second(red) stitch.

Insert the right needle into the first(green) stitch and knit on it.

The left stitch pass through the right stitch.

Right Stitch Pass through Left Stitch

Right Stitch Pass Through Left Stitch

15

Insert the right needle into the second stitch, while holding the first
stitch with your left finger. Carry the needle right of the first stitch on
the left needle.

Knit on the second(red) stitch.

Hook the first(green) stitch with the left needle, and drag through the
second(red) stitch.

Knit on the first(green) stitch.

The right stitch pass through the left stitch.

Twist Stitch
Twist Stitch
Insert the right needle purlwise.

Knit.

The stitch(red) is twisted.

16

Slip Stitch
Slip Stitch
The figure left represents the described slip stitch below. ->W means wrong side. You purl on the
wrong side. After turning (->R), make a slip stitch on the right side.

Keep the working yarn back, slip the first stitch to right needle.

The red stitch means a slip stitch.

Slip Stitch (Purl wise)

Slip Stitch(Purlwise)
The figure left represents the described slip stitch below. ->W means wrong side. You purl on the
wrong side. After turning (->R), make a slip stitch on the right side.

Keep the working yarn in front of the needles, slip the first stitch to the right
needle.

The red stitch means a slip stitch(purlwise).

Knit Stitch in Row Below

Knit Stitch in Row Below
There are several variations of 'Knit Stitch in Row Below'. The figure left represents the describing
'Knit Stitch in Row Below' below.

Insert the right needle into the stitch(green) below the first stitch on the left
needle.

17

Pull the left needle out of the first(red) stitch.

The above stitch(red) is un-looped and is over the below stitch(green).

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Twist Knit Stitch in Row Below

Twist Knit Stitch in Row Below
There are several variations of 'Twist Knit Stitch in Row Below'. The figure left represents the
describing 'Twist Knit Stitch in Row Below' below.

Insert the right needle into the stitch(green) below the first stitch on the left
needle, and pull the left needle out of the stitch.

Hook the strand by the left needle.

The above stitch(red) is un-looped and is over the stitch(green) The above
stitch(red) is un-looped and is over the below stitch(green). . Slip the stitch to
the right needle.

Insert the left needle through the stitches together.

Knit the stitches together.

18

The above stitch(red) is un-looped and is over the stitch(green) The above
stitch(red) is un-looped and is over the twist stitch(green) below. .

19