CHAPTER III

RESULTS

Included in this chapter are the findings of the study

Fermented wine with red mangrove tanbark can provide more energy
When the respondents were asked about their experiences of drinking
fermented palm wine with red mangrove tanbark, 5 out of the 10 respondents
stated that the drink provided them with more energy, as one of the respondent
stated Mao man gud na siya ang naga hatag ug kusog sa amoa (It is the one
that providesus energy). Furthermore, another respondent also stated Oo,
malakas ang katawan mo, basta tamang tama lang ang imnon. (Yes, it
strengthens your body, so long as you drink moderately). However, he also
stated pero kana pud ang maka hangak sa amoa. (But it also causes us to
have difficulty in breathing) Moreover, one respondent said Parang nanghina
kasi pag nakainom ako ng gabi tanghalian na ako magigising mga 8. Pag
makagising ng 6 medyo masakit pa sa ulo. (It seems I was weaker because
when I drink at night, I woke up late at 8 am. If I woke up at 6 am, my head still
hurts).
Experienced difficulty of breathing
5 out of the 10 respondents stated the they felt difficulty in breathing after
drinking , one of the respondents stated Mahirap mag hinga, tapos parang may
laging nakabara sa lalamunan mo. (It is difficult to breathe, and it feels like
theres an obstruction in your throat). Another also stated Basta ma sobra ang
inom, hangak ka. (When you drink too much, youll have difficulty in breathing).
Relaxing effect after drinking
4 out of the 10 respondents stated that they felt more relaxed and slept better
one of the respondents stated Masarap ang tulog, makapawala ng stress
(sleep is nice and it is very relaxing). Another stated Unang una, makatulong
makaalis ng kapaguran namin ang tuba. Mapagod ka pero mawala ang pagod
mo kasi makatulog ka mawala ang pagod mo, di mo na maramdaman. (First of
all, it helps remove fatigue. You get tired but it quickly wears off because you get

to sleep and you feel rested. You dont get to feel it anymore).However, 2
respondents said that they were having difficulty in sleeping, one of them stated
Murag dili ka katulog kay imong tiyan puno kaayo. Punga. (Its like you cant
sleep because your stomach is so full; you cant breathe properly).
On the other hand, the researchers delved into how their body feels after
drinking fermented palm wine. Respondent 2 stated Kinaumagahan pag ligo mo,
preskong presko ang katawan mo. (The next day, when you take a bath, your
body feels so fresh). Moreover, respondent 6 stated Lami ang kaon and
makarelax siya. (It is so appealing to eat a lot, and it makes you relaxed). In
addition, respondent 2 stated Ang makuha mo sa tuba parang ano yan eh para
din yang vitamins sa iyong katawan, kasi may makuha ang iyong katawan na
parang protina na lumalakas ang lukso ng dugo at pag nakainom ka malakas
ang rotation. (What you get from tuba is some sort of substance, can be a
vitamin or protein, that improves ones blood circulation.).
Experienced feeling of headaches
3 out of the 10 respondents stated they felt headaches as one of them then
stated Labad sa ulo. Kanang lami kaayo itulog kay kapoy. (My head hurts so
much that I would prefer to sleep because it is so tiring.) In addition, another
respondent stated Sabay. Hilo pati relax kasi hindi mo maramdaman ang pagod
pagkatapos ng trabaho. (Both, dizzy and relaxed at the same time because you
dont get to feel the fatigue after work.)
Experienced Loose Bowel Movement
2 out of the 10 respondents said the they felt an increase in the number of times
they defecated, as one of the respondents stated Natatamaan ako ng LBM
kapag uminom ako ng tuba. (I had LBM whenever I drink fermented palm wine).
The other respondent further stated pag naka sanggab unya naulanan ang
sudlanan sa tuba, pait daw siya ug mag resulta pud sa diarrhea. Sakit sa tiyan.
Dali lang ka mahubog. (Whenever the container of the wine gets contaminated
with rain water during the collection process, it causes it to have a bitter taste and
it also results to diarrhea. Your stomach hurts. You get drunk fast.) In addition, he
stated Murag mag cause jud siya ug kalibang nimo. LBM jud. (It seems it really
does result to excessive defecation. Definitely LBM.)
Experienced a change in body temperature
2 out of the 10 respondents stated they felt an increase in their temperature, one
of the respondents stated Init ko, kanang mahubog. (I feel hot, it is like I am
drunk). Another stated parang umiiba ang balat mo, parang namamaga. Yung
namumula ka na talaga yung maramdaman mo na talaga na meron ng ibang

bagay na pumasok sa iyong katawan. (Its like your skin changes, its sorta like
getting inflamed. And you get to be really red and you feel that you have
something else inside your body.)
Experienced chest tightness
1 out of the 10 of the Respondents said that he felt his chest tightening, he stated
Guot sa
dughan. Murag mu pitik ang kasing kasing. (Your chest feels tight. Its feel like
your heart palpitates.)
Experienced digestive problems
1 out of the 10 respondents said they had unual experiences in their stomach
after drinking, one of the, stated Minsan pag masobrahan sakit sa kuto-kuto.
(Sometimes when you get to drink too much, you get to have pain just below the
xiphoid process.). He also stated Ang ma feel lang nako pag daghan ko mainom
kay ang akong tiyan gahi kaayo, puno kaayo. Butod kaayo. (What I can feel
when I drink a lot of fermented wine is that my tummy feels so hard. It feels so
full. Its so bloated.)

CHAPTER 4

DISCUSSION

Included in this chapter are the themes created based on the findings of
of the study.
Theme # 1: Drinking fermented palm wine with red mangrove tanbark
provides more energy.
It is revealed in the interview that more energy is felt by those drinking
fermented palm wine with red mangrove tankbark. According to Longo et.al
(2013), when alcohol is metabolized in the liver, it produces a by product called
acetate, which is a chemical that our tissues can readily utilize for energy. In
addition, according to Alikunhi (2012), red mangrove tanbark and alcohol both
have insulin like properties which result to increased uptake of glucose by the
body's tissues. This results to an increase in energy levels but results to low
circulating blood glucose levels.
Theme # 2: Drinking fermented palm wine with red mangrove tanbark
causes difficulty in breathing.
However, it is also revealed that drinking it causes difficulty in breathing.
According to DeBruyne (2008), alcohol alters the structure of cell membranes,
increasing their permeability, and interferes with the actions of cell membrane
proteins. Under certain conditions, alcohol exposure can induce cell death. A
metabolite of alcohol, acetaldehyde, causes numerous adverse effects; it binds
to proteins and interferes with their functions, prevents formation of microtubules
within cells, alters immune function, inhibits DNA repair, and causes oxidative
damage. As such, the medullary cortex, the body's respiratory control center,

shall absorb the increased levels of acetaldehyde in the cerebral circulation. This
results to the disruption of cellular function which affects respiration, which may
lead to difficulty in breathing. In addition, alcohol is a CNS depressant which
results to depression of all brain activities. This includes the depression of
medullary function which controls respiration and cardiac function.
Theme # 3: Drinking fermented palm wine with red mangrove tanbark
causes headaches.
Another finding revealed by the internview is that drinking the substance
causes headaches.According to the National Headache Foundation (2014), the
ethanol component of alcoholic beverages may cause the body to lose fluid.
Dehydration, a change in the balance of body water and essential nutrients,
results. This affects the fluids surrounding the brain and decreases the blood
pressure and blood flow to the brain. In addition, alcohol-containing drinks can
decrease blood pressure in the brain by widening the blood vessels that supply
the brain. These changes can produce pain and sensitivity, resulting in a
headache.
Theme # 4: Drinking fermented palm wine with red mangrove tanbark
causes one to fall asleep.
Furthermore, the interview further revealed that it can be used as a stress
reliever as it can promote sleep. According to Longo et.al (2013) the most
prominent actions of alcohol is boosting Gamma Amino Butyric Acid (GABA)
activity, especially in GABA receptors. Enhancement of this complex, chloride,
channel system contrtibutes to anti convulsant, sleep inducing, anti anxiety, and
muscle relaxation effects of all GABA boosting drugs. Moreover according to
DeBruyne (2008) alcohol acts as a central nervous system depressant; it can
cause sedation, slow reaction times, and relieve anxiety. In excess it impairs
judgement, reduces inhibitions and impairs speech and motor function.
Extremely high blood alcohol levels can lead to coma, respiratory depression and
death.
Theme # 5: Drinking fermented palm wine does cause behavioral changes
but not to the point of violence
Moreover, the interview revealed that this drink does cause behavioral
changes, but not to the point of violence. According to Longo et.al (2013),
behavioral, psychomotor, and cognitive changes are seen at levels as low as
0.02- 0.03 g/dl (I.e, after 1-2 drinks). For every 115ml of non fortified wine
consumed, the individual obtains a blood level of ethanol at 0.02 g/dL. Therefore
115ml consumption of fermented palm wine with red mangrove tanbark should
already cause behavioral changes in an average individual. According to
Suganthy et. Al (2013), red mangrove tanbark contains an anticholisterase agent;
cholinesterase is an enzyme that destroys the neurotransmitter citicholine. As
such, when the cholinesterase is inhibited, citicholine is increased. This results to
an improvement in the communication between neurons, which may result to an
increase in the level of consciousness. Now related this with the fact that ethanol

decreases one's level consciousness, the improved neurocogntion provided by

the red mangrove tanbark may cancel out the effect of ethanol.
One notable reason why the drinkers choose to drink fermented wine was
because of its ability to detoxify their bodies. According to Ravikumar (2012), red
mangrove tanbark has hepatoprotective properties. This may explain why we
never hear people report of having liver failure from drinking too much fermented
palm wine. In addition, According to Prabhu ,et.al (2014), red mangrove tanbark
prevents the metastasis of lung cancer. This may explain why its folkloric use is
tied to preventing dust from accumulating within the body.
With these findings, we can conclude that the red mangrove tanbark
added to fermented wine, cancels out a lot of damaging effects that alcohol
induces.
Therefore based on our findings we recommend to the Alcohol drinkers, tricycle
drivers and the community to limit the amount of alcohol intake or if possible
abstaining oneself from alcohol, so as to prevent accidents from happening at
work, in the road or at home. For nursing practitioners and students, we
recommend to acquire more knowledge concerning alcoholics to provide better
management and health teachings. For the future researchers we recommend
that this research will be a stepping stone for future researches about the
fermented wine and the red mangrove tanbark.