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Department of Chemistry,
P.M.B. Gujarati Science College, Indore, INDIA.
2
Department of Chemistry,
S.B.N. Govt. P.G. College, Barwani, INDIA.
(Received on: April 22, 2014)
ABSTRACT
A study has been made to know about binding possibilities of the
toxic heavy metal ions with chemically treated wastes of plants
material such as Techtona grandis (Teak), Pterocarpus
marsupsium (Bijasal), and Accacia arbica (Babul). These plant
materials are treated with formal dehyde in acid medium and it,s
effectiveness in binding of toxic heavy metal ions such as Pb, Cd,
& Cu by conducting equilibrium experiments are studied.
Keywords: Equilibrium, Scavenging, Inexpensive, Ion-exchange.
INTRODUCTION
Heavy metals are harmful and
insidious pollutants because of their non
biodegradable nature and their potential to
cause adverse effects in humans beings
beyond certain level of exposure and
absorption. The toxic heavy metal ions
which pose potential danger from the
industrial waste water include Pb, Cd, & Cu.
For the removal of these metal ions
precipitation, ion-exchange, reverse osmosis,
electrodialysis, adsorption by clays and
Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences Vol. 4, Issue 2, 30 April, 2014 Pages (70-117)
115
Dhananjay Dwivedi, et al., J. Chem. & Cheml. Sci. Vol.4 (2), 114-117 (2014)
Equilibrium Experiments
Substrate
Water
Techtona grandis (Teak)
Accacia arbica (Babul)
Pterocarpus marsupsium (Bijasal)
pH after 24 hour
5.1
4.6
5.6
Table II shows the concentration of the heavy metal ions in solutions (ppm) after
contacting with 150ml of the metal solutions at different pH.
Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences Vol. 4, Issue 2, 30 April, 2014 Pages (70-117)
116
Dhananjay Dwivedi, et al., J. Chem. & Cheml. Sci. Vol.4 (2), 114-117 (2014)
Table-II Effect of pH on uptake of selected heavy metal ions during contact with acacia bark.
Pb2+
108.0
46.5
11.9
9.9
6.5
4.0
3.99
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.9
Metal ions
Intial concentration (ppm)
pH 2.0
pH 3.0
pH 4.0
pH 5.0
pH 6.0
pH 7.0
pH 8.0
pH 9.0
pH 10.0
pH 11.0
Cd2+
78.0
55.9
36.0
28.0
14.0
14.0
10.9
8.9
7.9
42.0
31.5
Cu2+
39.0
25.9
14.6
9.4
4.9
3.1
10.1
4.9
2.4
1.8
1.3
1.5 part of substrate contacted with 150 parts of solutions for 30 minutes (Conce. of
remaining ions are given as above).
It is obvious from the table that maximum uptake of metal ions occurs at pH-7 in case of
lead, pH-8to9 in case of cadmium, pH-10to11 in case of copper. In all cases, it is found that
with the increase of pH, uptake of the metal ions initially increases till maximum value with
the pH is increased and then it fluctuates.
Table-III Removal of Pb2+, Cd2+, Cu2+ from solution of their different salts by
contact with bark.
Cucl2
Substrate
Initial Conc
.(ppm)
Final Conc.
(ppm)
Initial pH
Final
pH
% Removed
from
solution
CuSO4
Pb(OAC)2
Pb(NO3)2
Cd(OAC)2
Cd(NO3)2
T
35.0
B
35.0
A
35.0
T
45
B
45
A
50.0
T
115
B
115
A
115
T
117
B
117
A
117
T
105
B
105
A
105
T
105
B
105
15.9
12.8
13.4
8.1
11.2
15.4
5.6
7.6
11.0
25.0
16.7
14.5
27.0
37.0
5.8
3.5
5.8
3.4
5.8
3.3
4.8
4.0
5.8
4.2
5.8
3.3
4.5
4.5
4.5
3.8
4.5
3.5
4.5
3.1
4.5
3.2
4.5
3.2
6.6
4.6
6.6
4.2
64
74
68
93
84
77
97
98
94
88
91
94
78
68
A
105
35.0
53
61.5
66
6.6
4.2
6.6
3.7
6.6
3.3
6.6
3.3
70
52
43
38
1.5 part of substrate contacted with 100 parts of solution for 30 minutes T:Teak,
B:Bijasal, A:Accacia
Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences Vol. 4, Issue 2, 30 April, 2014 Pages (70-117)
117
Dhananjay Dwivedi, et al., J. Chem. & Cheml. Sci. Vol.4 (2), 114-117 (2014)
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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences Vol. 4, Issue 2, 30 April, 2014 Pages (70-117)