Department of Mechanical Engineering

INTERNAL EXAMINATION-III (II YR/IVSEM)

HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
Time: 3.00hours
Date: 17.04.2014

Max marks: 100

PART A - (102=20 marks)

Answer ALL questions:

1. Differentiate between free convection and forced convection.
2. State Buckingham's theorem.
3. Define Reynolds number (Re) and Prandtl number (Pr).
4. Define boundary layer thickness.
5. An electrically heated plate dissipates heat by convection at a rate of 8000w/m 2 into the
ambient air at 250c.if the surface of the hot plate is at 1250c, calculate the heat transfer coefficient
for convection between the plate and air.
6. State Ficks law of diffusion.
7. What are the factors considered in evaporation of water into air?
8. What is Counter diffusion?
9. Define Fourier number & Biot number for mass transfer.
10. Define the following: a) Mass concentration b) Molar concentration
PART B - (5X16=80 marks)
Answer ALL questions:
1. (a) (i) Atmospheric air at 275 K and a free stream velocity of 20 m/s flows over a flat plate 1.5
m long that is maintained at a uniform temperature of 325 K. Calculate the average heat transfer
coefficient over the region where the boundary layer is laminar, the average heat transfer
coefficient over the entire length of the plate and the total heat transfer rate from the plate to the
air over the length 1.5 m and width 1 m. Assume transition occurs at Re= 2xl05
(10)
0
(ii) Air at 25 c at the atmospheric pressure is flowing over a flat plate at 3m/s .if the plate is
1m wide and the temperature Tw = 75 0c .calculate the following at a location of 1m from the
leading edge.(i) Hydrodynamic boundary layer thickness,(ii) Local friction coefficient,(iii)
Thermal boundary layer thickness,(iv) Local heat transfer coefficient.
(6)
Or
(b).(i) Air at 40 0c flows over a tube with a velocity of 30m/s. the tube surface temperature is
1200c, calculate the heat transfer coefficient for the following thickness.1.Tube could be square
with a side of 6cm.2.Tube is circular cylinder of diameter 6cm.
(8)
(ii) Air at 200 kPa and 200C is heated as it flows through a tube with a diameter of 25
mm at a velocity of 10 m/sec. The wall temperature is maintained constant and is 20C above the
air temperature all along the length of tube. Calculate:
(i) The rate of heat transfer per unit length of the tube.
(8)
0
0
2. (a) (i) 205 kg/hr of air are cooled from 100 c to 30 c by flowing through a 3.5cm inner
diameter pipe coil bent into a helix of 0.6m diameter. Calculate the value of air side heat transfer
coefficient if the properties of air are k=0.0298w/mk;=0.003kg/hr.m;Pr=0.7;=1.044kg/m3.
(ii) In a long annulus (3.125cm ID and 5cm OD) the air is heated by maintaining the
temperature of the outer surface of inner tube at 500c. the air enters at 160c and leaves at 320c.its
flow rate is 30m/s .Estimate the heat transfer coefficient between air and the inner tube.
Or
(b) (i) A large vertical plate 5 m high is maintained at 100C and exposed to air at 30C
Calculate the convection heat transfer coefficient.
(8)
(ii) Cylindrical cans of 150 mm length and 65 mm diameter are to be cooled from an
initial temperature of 20C by placing them in a cooler containing air at a temperature of 1C and
a pressure of 1 bar. Determine the cooling rates when the cans are kept in horizontal and vertical
positions.
(8)
3. (a) (i) Define mass concentration, molar concentration, mass fraction and mole fraction.

(ii) Derive the general mass transfer equation in Cartesian coordinates.

(4+12)
Or
(b) (i) A vessel contains binary mixture of O 2and N2with partial pressures in the ratio 0.21 and
0.79 at 15C. The total pressure of the mixture is 1.1 bar. Calculate the following:
(1) Molar concentrations,
(2) Mass densities,
(3) Mass fractions and
(4) Molar fractions of each species.
(10)
(ii) Air at 1 atm and 25C containing small quantities of iodine, flows with a velocity of 6.2
m/s inside a 35 mm diameter tube. Calculate the mass transfer coefficient for iodine. The thermophysical properties of air are; = 15.5X 10-6 m2/s, D=0.82X10-5 m2/s.
(6)
4. (a)(i) The diffusivity of CCl4 in air is determined by observing the steady state evaporation of
CCl4 in a tube of 1 cm diameter exposed to air. The CCl 4 liquid level is 10 cm below the top level
of the tube. The system is held at 25C and 1 bar pressure. The saturation pressure of CCl 4 at
25C is 14.76 kPa. If it is observed that the rate of evaporation of CCl 4 is 0.1 kg/hour determine
the diffusivity of CC14 into air.
(8)
(ii) Dry air at 27C and 1 atm flows over a wet flat plate 50 cm long at a velocity of 50
m/s. Calculate the mass transfer co-efficient of water vapour in air at the end of the plate. Take
the diffusion coefficient of water vapour in air is DAB = 0.26 X 10-4 m2/s.
(8)
Or
(b) (i) C02 and air experience equimolar counter diffusion in a circular tube whose length and
diameter are 1m and 50mm respectively. The system is at a total pressure of 1 atm and a
temperature of 25C. The ends of the tube are connected to large chambers in which the species
concentrations are maintained at fixed values. The partial pressure of CO 2 at one end is 190mm
of Hg while at other end is 95mm of Hg. Estimate the mass transfer rate of C0 2 and air through
the tube. The diffusion coefficient for C02 - air combination is 0.16 x 10 -4 m/s.
(10)
(ii) Discuss the analogy between heat and mass transfer.
(6)
5.(a) (i) Define the Schmidt ,Sherwood and Lewis numbers. What is the physical significance of
each?
(8)
(ii) Oxygen at 25 0c and pressure of 2 bar is flowing through the rubber pipe of inside
diameter 25mm and wall thickness 2.5mm .the diffusivity of o 2 through rubber is 0.21x10-9 m2/s
and the solubility of o2 in rubber is 3.12x10-3 kg mole/m3-bar.find the loss of o2 by diffusion per
metre length of pipe.
(8)
(OR)
(b) (i) Dry air at 20C ( = 1.2 kg/m3, v = 15 x l0-6 m2/s, D = 4.2 x l0-5 m2/s) flows over a flat
plate of length 50 cm which is covered with a thin layer of water at a velocity of 1 m/s. Estimate
the local mass transfer coefficient at a distance of 10 cm from the leading edge and the average
mass transfer coefficient.
(8)
(ii) An open pan, 20 cm diameter and 8 cm deep contain water at 25C and are exposed to
dry atmospheric air. Estimate the diffusion coefficient of water in air, if the rate of diffusion of
water is 8.54X 10-4kg/h.
(8)
ALL THE BEST