Improving Your Structural

Mechanics Simulations with

Release 14.0

Dr. Steven M Varnam

ANSYS UK
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2011 ANSYS, Inc.

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2011

Structural Mechanics Themes

MAPDL/WB Integration
Physics coupling
Rotating machines
Composites & Fracture Mechanics
Application Customization
Thin structures modeling
Contact analysis
Performance

Advanced Modeling
Geometry Handling
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2011 ANSYS, Inc.

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Listening to your
needs, we have
been able to identify
a number of themes
which form the basis
of our roadmap and
guide our
developments

What will Release 14.0 bring you?

2011 ANSYS, Inc.

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2011

Lets now take a closer look at some topics

2011 ANSYS, Inc.

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MAPDL/WB Integration

Finite Element Information Access within

ANSYS Mechanical

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Motivation

ANSYS Workbench is
originally a geometry
based tool. Many users
however also need to
control and access the
finite element
information.

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Reviewing Connections

Spot Welds

Weak springs and MPC contacts

as generated by the solver
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Connections created
internally at the
solution level are
available and can help
understand the results

Selections of Nodes

Nodes can be grouped

into named selections
based on selection logic,
using locations or other
characteristics or
manual selections
Box Selection

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2011 ANSYS, Inc.

Node Picking

November 16,
2011

Lasso Selection

Applying Loads and Orientations to Nodes

Nodal orientation
allows users to orient
nodes in an arbitrary
coordinate system.
Direct FE loads and
boundary conditions can
be applied to selections
of nodes.
Nodes are oriented in cylindrical system for loads and
boundary condition definitions
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Results on Node Selections

Results with first layer of

quads removed

Results are displayed on

elements for which all
nodes are selected.
Nodes named selections
allow to scope on specific
regions of the mesh or
remove undesired areas.

Results on quads layers only

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Restart and Direct FE Loads

Added after
initial solve
Analysis Settings tabular data:
No restart point is lost

Second Load step

modified for restart

Nodal Forces and Pressures objects can

be added to a restart analysis without
causing the restart points to become
invalid.
Other loads can now be modified
without losing the restart points.

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MAPDL/WB Integration

Linear Dynamics in ANSYS Mechanical

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Workbench and Mechanical enhancements

MSUP Transient
Analysis supported

Modal Superposition Transient

Joint feature can now

be used in Harmonics,
Random vibration
analysis
Reaction Force &
Moment results is now
supported

Reaction Forces in a
Harmonic Analyses

Joints in Harmonic
Analyses
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Physics Coupling

Data Mapping

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Motivation
Exchange files are
frequently used to
transfer quantities from
one simulation to
another.
Efficient mapping of
point cloud data is
required to account for
misalignment, non
matching units or scaling
issues.

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Supported Data Types

New at R14.0

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Increased Accuracy
The smoothness of the
mapped data depends on
the density of the point
cloud.

Triangulation versus Kriging

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Several weighting
options are available to
accommodate various
data quality.

Validating the Mapped Data

Visual tools have

been implemented to
control how well the
data has been
mapped onto the
target structure
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Importing Multiple Files

Multiple files can be

imported for
transient analyses or
to handle different
data to be mapped
on multiple bodies

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Rotating Machines

Studying Rotordynamics in ANSYS Mechanical

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Motivation

ANSYS Mechanical users

need to be able to quickly
create shaft geometries
as well as analyze
dynamic characteristics
of rotating systems
Industrial fan (Venti Oelde)

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Geometry Creation

Geometries can be
imported from a CAD
system or imported
from a simple text
file definition as used
in preliminary design

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Import/Export of Bearing Characteristics

ANSYS provides an
interface that allows
to import bearing
characteristics from
an external file

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Specific Solver Settings

Rotordynamics
analyses require a
number of advanced
controls:

Damping
Solver choice

Coriolis effect

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Campbell Diagrams

Campbell diagrams
are used to identify
critical speeds of a
rotating shaft for a
given range of shaft
velocities

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Composites
Enhanced Analysis Workflow and Advanced
Failure Models for Composites

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Motivation

Efficient workflows
and in-depth analysis
tools are required to
model and
understand complex
composites structures

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Defining Material Properties

Composites material
require specific
definitions including
orthotropic
properties, as well as
some constants for
failure criteria (TsaiWu, Puck, LaRc03/04,
Hashin)
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Manually Defining Layers on Simple Geometries

Users can define

simple layered
sections for a shell
body as well as define
thicknesses and
angles as parameters

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Defining Layers on Complex Geometries

For complex
geometries, the ANSYS
Composite PrepPost
tool is used and layer
definitions are imported
in the assembly model
in ANSYS Mechanical.

Courtesy of
TU Chemnitz
and GHOST
Bikes GmbH

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Investigating Composites Results

ANSYS Mechanical
supports layerwise
display of results.

ANSYS Composite
PrepPost offers
comprehensive
capabilities for global and
plywise failure analysis.
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Advanced Failure Analysis

2D laminar
composite
Initial crack

Start of damage (layer 1)

Progressed damage (layer 1)

Progressed damage (layer 3)

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Crack growth simulation

based on VCCT is
available to simulate
interfacial delamination.
Progressive damage is
suitable for determining
the ultimate strength of
the composite (last-ply
failure analysis)

Customization
ANSYS Design Assessment

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Motivation
Many of you have
expressed the need for:
Computing and
displaying specific
results
Be able to achieve
more complex User
defined results

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What is Design Assessment?

The Design Assessment

system enables the
selection and
combination of
upstream results and
the ability to optionally
further assess results
with customizable
scripts

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Expanded Result Access

DA + Allow all
Available Results
allows beam results

Modal=No Beam Results

Filtering of potentially invalid combinations can be suppressed to

enable greater user control. This allows the user to access results
not typically available in the base analysis.
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Design Assessment for Advanced User Defined

Results
Design Assessment enable
users to extend user defined
results capabilities with:

Expressions using
mathematical operators as
supported by Python

Coordinate systems, Units

Systems

Integration options
Nodal, Element-Nodal &
Script used to display scalar element data stored
in an external file
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Elemental result types

Import from external tables

Thin Structures

Mesh Connections

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Motivation
In order to connect
meshes of different
surface parts so as to
merge nodes at
intersections, users do not
always want or cannot
merge the topologies at
the geometry level.
Mesh based connections
are required.

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Mesh Connections

Mesh connections work

at part level:
As a post mesh
operation
Base part mesh is
stored to allow for quick
changes in connections

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Modal Analyses Shows Proper

Connections of the Various Bodies

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Further Meshing Enhancements

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Virtual Topologies Interactive Editing

Direct access to
operations from
RMB menu

User selects entities then

applies VT operations

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Virtual topologies are

handled more
interactively through
direct graphics
interaction rather than
tree objects.

VT Hard Vertex, Edge and Face Splits

Hard vertices can be

added at any location
on an edge or a face.

Hard vertices can then

be used to create face
splits from virtual
edges.

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2011 ANSYS, Inc.

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Virtual Topologies Applications

Get swept mesh on

non-sweepable
bodies

Improve shell mesh quality

and orthogonality with VT
combinations
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Contact Analysis

Rigid Body Dynamics

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Motivation
Many mechanisms and
assemblies have
components that
operate through
contact.
In order to maintain the
rapid turnaround for
RBD simulations, there
has been a subsequent
focus on improving
speed, accuracy and
reliability of the contact
capability.
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2011 ANSYS, Inc.

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Performance Improvements

Valve: 158 sec elapsed time

(2x speed up)

Piston: 9 sec elapsed

time (7.5x speed up)

Transition and jump

prediction have been greatly
improved

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2011 ANSYS, Inc.

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The applicability,
robustness and
efficiency of the
contact has been
improved for speed
and accuracy
expect a typical 2-5x
speed-up

Contact Analysis

Flexible bodies

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Motivation

While already providing

leading edge
technology, ANSYS
continues to enhance
its ability to robustly
and efficiently solve
complex contact
problems

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Projected Contact
Regular contact

Projection based

Smoother temperature results on a

multilayered structure

Improved pressure results with

surface projection
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The Surface Projection

Based Contact provides
more accurate results
(stresses, pressures,
temperatures) and is
now also available for
bonded MPC contacts

Contact accuracy and robustness

Adjust to touch causes

rigid body motion and
leaves a gap

New contact
stabilization prevents
rigid motion

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Contact stabilization
technique dampens
relative motions
between the contact
and target surfaces
for open contact

Performance

Further benefits from GPU boards

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Motivation
Taking advantage of
the latest hardware
is mandatory to
solve your large
models.

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A combination of
relatively new
technologies
provides a
breakthrough means
to reduce the time
to solution

Distributed ANSYS Supports GPUs

2.1 MDOF,
Nonlinear
Structural
Analysis using
the Distributed
Sparse Solver

GPU Acceleration can now be used with Distributed ANSYS to

combine the speed of GPU technology and the power of
distributed ANSYS
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2011 ANSYS, Inc.

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Speed-up from GPU technology

Linux cluster : Each node

contains 12 Intel Xeon 5600series cores, 96 GB RAM,
NVIDIA Tesla M2070,
InfiniBand

Solder
balls
Results Courtesy of MicroConsult Engineering, GmbH

Mold
Solder Joint Benchmark - 4M
DOF, Creep Strain Analysis
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PCB

Speed-up from multiple nodes with 1 GPU

board per node

1 node @
8 cores no
GPU

Solder
balls

1 nodes @
8 cores,
1 GPU

8 nodes@
2 nodes@ 1 core,
4 cores,
8 GPU
2 GPU

Results Courtesy of MicroConsult Engineering, GmbH

Mold
PCB
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Advanced Modeling

Material Models

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Motivation
ANSYS provides a
comprehensive library
of advanced materials.

Some users however

need even more
advanced models to
include complex
nonlinear phenomena
in their simulations.

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Advanced Materials for Biomechanical

Applications

Anisotropic Hyperelasticity plus

Viscoelasticity for strain rate effects

Hyperelasticity coupled with Pore

Pressure element
Hydrocephalus analysis
Hyperelastic material with porous media

Shape Memory Alloy enhanced with

superelasticity, Memory effect, New
Yield Function, Differentiated Moduli
(Austenite, Martensite)

Holzapfel Model - Capture the

behavior of fiber-reinforced tissue
Stent modeling using shape memory alloys
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Nonlinear materials support for coupled field elements

Coupled field-elements
for strongly coupled
thermo-mechanical
analysis now accounts
for plasticity induced
heat generation along
with friction effects
Friction Stir Welding including heat generation due to
friction and plastic deformation
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Advanced Modeling

Advanced Methods

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Motivation
The solver techniques
available from our
solutions allow to
model complex
phenomena.
In some cases, better or
different techniques are
required to improve the
accuracy or the
convergence of the
models.
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Advanced Nonlinear Methods

Buckling of a pre-stressed
stiffened container

Hot-Rolling Structural Steel

Analysis with 3-D Rezoning

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User can now perform:

Buckling from a
nonlinear prestressed
state with dead loads
(new subspace
eigensolver)
3D rezoning for very
large deformations for a
wider range of materials
and boundary
conditions.

Analyzing Fasteners under Large Deformations

Bolt pretension does not
include large rotation
effects.

Pre-tension element - Significant

bending stress with large rotation

Joint Element - Stress appears

without significant bending
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With release 14.0, you

can now use Joint Loads:
Lock joint at specific
load step
Apply Pre-Tension or
Pre-Torque load
use iterative PCG
solver for faster runtime

Coupled structures/acoustics simulations

Coupled problems are
modeled more
efficiently:
Quadratic tetrahedral
acoustics elements
New acoustics
sources
Absorbing areas
Enhanced PML
formulation
Near and far-field
parameters
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Moisture Diffusion
Moisture induces
hydroscopic stresses and
alters thermal stresses.
Coupled-field elements
allow to incorporate
moisture effects in
thermal, structural and
coupled simulations.

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Advanced Modeling

Explicit Analysis

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Motivation
Explicit formulations
extend the range of
problems a structural
engineer can solve.
Providing handling
capabilities similar to
implicit solutions
provides an easy
transition from implicit
to explicit.

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A Common User Interface

Crimping

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Implicit and explicit

solutions share the
same user interface for
a shortened learning
curve and allow
straightforward data
exchange between
disciplines

New tetrahedral element

Self Piercing Rivet

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The new tetrahedral

element helps quickly
model complex
geometries for low
velocity applications
such as drop tests for
mobile phones or
nuclear equipments

Fast Solutions Using 2-D Formulations

2D forming

Similarly to implicit
analyses, 2D plain
strain and
axisymmetric
formulations provide
faster computation of
explicit solutions

Axisymmetric
bullet model

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Geometry

Advances for Structural Engineers

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Motivation
With every release,
ANSYS improves the
quality of the geometry
tools available in
Workbench in order to
increase the quality of
the geometric data.
Ease of use is also
constantly improved to
provide more efficient
tools.
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Mid Surfacing Improvements

Selection tolerance is
available to handle face
pairs in case of
imperfect offsets.
Body thicknesses can be
displayed on the model.

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Usability Enhancements

Toolbars can be
customized for easy and
direct access to preferred
features and tools.
Hot keys are also
available for frequently
used operations.
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SpaceClaim Direct Modeler

Preview sharing allow
to control topology
sharing before
transferring the model
into Workbench.

Regular patch

Multi-face patch

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2011

Multi-face patch
option increases the
quality of repairs for
missing faces.

Physics Coupling
System Optimization with Rigid Body Dynamics
and Simplorer co-simulation

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Motivation
Most mechanisms and
assemblies are managed
via control systems.
System simulation,
including the details of
the mechanism or
assembly, are needed in
order to improve
modeling accuracy,
fidelity and ultimately
system optimization.

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Linking Mechanical and Simplorer

Inputs and outputs are

defined as pins in the
Mechanical model and
connected to the
schematics of Simplorer

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Simulation Results

Force Applied on Pistons

Rotational Displacement
Rotational Velocity

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Some Examples
Aircraft Landing
Gear

Robotic Arm Control

RBD model
Trace of arm
trajectory
Simplorer schematic of
hydraulic circuit and control
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And there is much more

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check the Release Notes!

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Think also of the Technology Demonstration

Guide

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Questions?

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Appendix

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Customization
Application Customization Toolkit

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Motivation
As a Mechanical User,
you may want to:
Customize menus
Create new loads and
boundary conditions
Create new types of
plots
Reuse APDL scripts
without command
snippets

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What is the Application Customization Toolkit?

The Application
CustomizationToolkit is
a tool that
facilitates customization
of ANSYS Mechanical.
It provides a way to
extend the features
offered by ANSYS
products.

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Toolbar Customization through XML Files

XML definition:
<load internalName="Convection on Blade" caption="Convection on Blade" icon="Convection"
issupport="false" isload="true">
<version>1</version>
<callbacks>
<onsolve>Convection_Blade_Computation</onsolve>
</callbacks>
<details>
<property internalName="Geometry" dataType="string" control="scoping"></property>
<property internalName="Thickness" caption="Thickness" dataType="string"
control="text"></property>
<property internalName="Film Coefficient" caption="Film Coefficient" dataType="string"
control="text"></property>
<property internalName="Ambient Temperature" caption="Ambient Temperature"
dataType="string" control="text"></property>
</details>
</load>
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Python Driven Loads and Boundary Conditions

Python script:
# Get the scoped geometry:
propGeo = result.GetDPropertyFromName("Geometry")
refIds = propGeo.Value
# Get the related mesh and create the component:
for refId in refIds:
meshRegion = mesh.MeshRegion(refId)
elementIds = meshRegion.Elements
eid = aap.mesh.element[elementIds[0]].Id
f.write("*get,ntyp,ELEM,"+eid.ToString()+",ATTR,TYPE\n")
f.write("esel,s,type,,ntyp \n cm,component,ELEM")
# Get properties from the details view:
propThick = load.GetDPropertyFromName("Thickness")
thickness = propThick.Value
propCoef = load.GetDPropertyFromName("Film Coefficient")
film_coefficient = propCoef.Value
propTemp = load.GetDPropertyFromName("Ambient Temperature")
temperature = propTemp.Value
# Insert the parameters for the APDL commands:
f.write("thickness="+thickness.ToString()+"\n")
f.write("film_coefficient="+film_coefficient.ToString()+"\n")
f.write("temperature="+temperature.ToString()+"\n")
# Reuse the legacy APDL macros:
f.write("/input,APDL_script_for_convection.inp\n")
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Writing APDL Commands From the New Definition

! APDL_script_for_convection.inp
! Input parameters:
esel,s,type,,10
cm,component,ELEM
thickness = 1.1
film_coefficient = 120.
temperature = 22.
! Treatment:
/prep7
et,100,152
keyop,100,8,2.
et,1001,131
keyo,1001,3,2
sectype,1001,shell
secdata,thickness,10
secoff,mid
cmsel,s,component
emodif,all,type,1001
emodif,all,secnum,1001
type,100
esurf
fini
alls
/solu
esel,s,type,,100
nsle
sf,all,conv,film_coefficient,temperature
alls

APDL

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WB Mechanical

An Example: ACT driven Submodeling

Users simply select the

coarse models results file,
all APDL commands are
automatically created no
more need for command
blocks!
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Advanced Modeling

Offshore Structures

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Global Offshore Structures

Over the period of the design of an offshore structure
from Concept through FEED and Detailed Structural and
Equipment Design there are needs for many different
analyses related to global structural design and integrity
and detailed component level analysis. To ensure delivery
timeliness, and reliability where costs of failure are so high,
there is considerable value in compatibility between the
respective tools. This is delivered by the ongoing
integration of ANSYS AQWA in Workbench and delivery of
enhanced capabilities in Mechanical/MAPDL for offshore
structures analysis.
Importantly, ANSYS Structural Mechanics products now
deliver the ability to conduct both global and detailed
analysis of offshore structures subjected to various wave
and environmental loadings.

Local joint flexibility analysis

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Global hydrodynamics and

structural analyses

Further AQWA Integration in Workbench

for Multi-Body Wave Hydrodynamics
Hydrodynamic Time Response system
enhancements include
Fenders (similar to contact)
Allows connections between 2 structures
or between a structure and a fixed point
Articulations (similar to joints)

Offloading arm
represented with series
of typical articulations
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Enhanced Environmental Conditions and

Cable Behavior in AQWA
Introduction of multi-directional wave spectra
allows more realistic modelling of real wave
conditions, and is important for the accurate
simulation of moored vessels and offshore
platforms
Almost any combination of wave spectra to
be modelled in the solver modules LIBRIUM,
DRIFT and the Hydrodynamic Time Response
system in Workbench
To meet API standard (RP2SK), non-linear axial
stiffness can be used to define a mooring line
Gaussian formulated wave spectrum now
available in the core solver and the
Hydrodynamic Time Response system
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Extended Wave Loading in Mechanical

and links to Regulatory Code Checks
Diffracted wave loading

103

Provides simplified pressure loading from

Hydrodynamics Diffraction systems (AQWA)
onto MAPDL system
Harmonic Wave Loading
Regular wave loading now available for harmonic
response analyses
ANSYS FATJACK (for beam joint fatigue of framed
structures) automatically reads the RST file data
for harmonic load cases
ANSYS BEAMCHECK (for member checks on framed
structures) and ANSYS FATJACK now delivered with
Mechanical installation
See Design Assessment for further information

2011 ANSYS, Inc.

November 16,
2011

Vessel Loading Transfer from

AQWA to Mechanical
Courtesy of Vuyk Engineering Rotterdam

Coupling Mechanical with 3rd Party

Aeroelastic Tools for Offshore Wind
Turbine Modeling
Aeroelastic coupling (for wind turbine support
structures)

Sequential
Allowing structural (ANSYS) and aeroelastic (3rd
party) analyses to be run independently
Just use a provided MAPDL macro to write out
input data for the aeroelastic analysis

Fully coupled
Co-simulation of structural and aeroelastic tools
Custom build of MAPDL required, with a macro to
manage the data availability from and to MAPDL
Images Courtesy of REpower Systems AG

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2011

Advanced Modeling

Brake Squeal

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2011

Motivation
Brake Squeal is a consistent
customer complaints and is
associated with high warranty
costs.

ANSYS provides the best

solution for such analyses,
including complex EigenMethods to predict onset of
squeal, new state-of-the-art
linear methods and
parametric studies.

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2011

ANSYS Solution for Brake Squeal

Automated Meshing

CAD

Mesh &
Connection

Bi-Directional CAD
Connectivity

Automated Contact
Detection

Provides for sliding

contact with friction
No match mesh needed
Supports higher order
elements

Complex Eigen solve

Animate: Complex
Mode Shape
Contact Status at Pads

Setup &
solver
Flexibility to use Linear
& Non-linear solver
capabilities
Friction sensitivity study

Post
Processing
Root locus plots
Correlation of modes
List Strain energy per
component per mode

Physical prototyping time consuming and expensive

Can
Include
Squeal
and cycle
Provide more
analysis
early
in the design
Contact damping
- Sliding velocity
Run set of DOEs
dependent Friction

Parametric Study by changing friction coefficient

Reuse symmetric modes and just run unsymmetric part
107

2011 ANSYS, Inc.

November 16,
2011

Significant time reduction