Department of Mechanical Engineering

Power Plant Engineering

Problem Sheet No. 4
By:
Dr. Mahmood K. Mawlood
1.

A convection superheater is composed of 12 elements in parallel, each consisting of 20 m

long, 38 mm diameter tubing. The flue gas temperature is 1010C. The entering steam is 0.985
dry at 20 bar and the leaving superheated steam has a temperature of 340C at 19 bar. The
steam flow rate is 6700 kg/h at an evaporation of 10 kg/kg of fuel and air-fuel ratio of 17.
Calculate the overall heat transfer coefficient assuming a specific heat of flue gases of 1.1
kJ/kg.C.
2. A 24 sector Ljungstorm air preheater contains 1.5 mm thick steel sheets and rotates at 2 rpm.
The hot gases enter at 315C and leave at 175C and at a rate of 50,000 kg/h. The air enters at
21C at a rate of 55,000 kg/h. The effectiveness of the preheater is 0.8. Assume both air and
gas have a specific heat of 1.01 kJ/kg.K. The steel has a specific heat of 0.4 kJ/kg.K and a
density of 8800 kg/m3. Calculate the air exit temperature and the total steel sheet area.
3. A sample coal has the following mass analysis: C 80%, H2 5%, S 0.5% and Ash 14.5%. The
coal is burned with a stoichiometric air. Find the air fuel ratio assuming complete combustion.
Find the gravimetric analysis of the flue gases for an air-fuel ratio of 20.
4. Methane is burned with 200% theoretical air. Find the composition and the dew point of the
products at 101 kPa.
5. A fuel, CxHy, is burned with dry air and the product composition is measured on a dry mole
basis to be: 9.6% CO2, 7.3% O2 and 83.1% N2. Find the fuel composition (x/y) and the percent
theoretical air used.
6. Butane is burned with dry air at 40oC, 100 kPa with A/F = 26 on a mass basis. For complete
combustion find the % theoretical air and the dew point of the products. How much water
(kg/kg fuel) is condensed out, if any, when the products are cooled down to ambient
temperature?
7. The combustion of octane gas C8H18 takes place in a steady flow burner where fuel and air are
added as gases at reference state. The mixture has 125% theoretical air and the products are
going through a heat exchanger where they are cooled to 600 K.Find the heat transfer from the
heat exchanger per kmol of octane burned.
8. A steam generator burns a fuel oil which is composed of carbon, hydrogen and sulfur. The
volumetric analysis of the flue gases on a dry basis is: CO2 11.7%, CO 0.44%, O2 4.002%,
SO2 0.176% and N2 83.682%. Find the gravimetric composition of the fuel. The theoretical
air-fuel ratio, the percent excess air and the dew point temperature of the flue gases if the
pressure is 2 bar.
9. A steam generator produces 10 kg/s superheated steam at 450C and 8 MPa. The feedwater
enters the boiler at 150C. Liquid propane at 25C and 1 atm is mixed and burned with 50%
excess air. Dry air at 10C is passed into the air preheater where its temperature is raised to
25C before passing into the furnace. To avoid condensation the flue gases leaving the air
preheater are at 150C. Assuming 10% loss of the combustion heat and that the heat
transferred to the air in the air preheater is 15 kJ/kg-air calculate the rate of fuel consumption.
10. Repeat problem 9 assuming atmospheric air at10C, 60% relative humidity at 1 atm. Is fed
into the air preheater.
11. Butane gas at 25C is mixed with 150% theoretical air at 600 K and is burned in an adiabatic
steady flow combustor. What is the temperature of the products exiting the combustor?
12. Find the lower and the higher heating values of ethane.