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GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

NUMHTET GA

kalup hpung a makam masham gaw, chyoi pra ai


chyum laika mungga hta npawt hkridun ai
makam masham rai nga ai lam hpe, anhte Jinghpaw
Wunpawng Hkalup Hpung masha ni yawng chye nga ga ai.
Dai majaw, Jinghpaw Wunpawng Hkalup hpung de hpang
wa ai ten kaw nna, chyum laika mungga hti dan ai, hkaw dan
ai, sharin ya ai lam ni hpe dingyang galaw lai wa saga ai.
Shawng ningpawt na American sasana sara ni hte Kayin
sasana sara ni gaw English chyum laika, Myen chyum laika,
Kayin chyum laika ni hti nna htai dan, hkaw dan, sharin shaga
lai wa sai hpe chye lu ai. 1927 ning kaw nna gaw, Dr. Ola
Hanson Jinghpaw ga hku gale ya ai, Ga Shaka Dingsa hte
Ningnan hkum tsup ai chyum laika lu saga ai. Dai hpe hti
nna, Jinghpaw ga hku hti dan, hkaw dan, sharin ya ai lam ni
hkam la saga ai. Rai tim, dai hti la lu ai chyum laika buk ni
hpe htai dan, sharin ya ai chyum hpaji laika buk kadai garai n
lu ka shapraw ga ai. Ya n dai, Rev. Dr. Lahpai Awng Li hte
Sarama Maraw Ji Wawm jawm sawk sagawn ka shapraw
ai Ga Shaka Ningnan Ginshi laika gaw, Ga Shaka
Ningnan kaw na chyum laika buk ni a lam hte seng nna,
ningpawt labau, ga hkrang, ga shan, Karai masa mungga ni
hpe hpaji ladat jaw jaw sawk sagawn la let, jinghpaw ga hku
ka da ai majaw, chyum jawng, chyum sharin zuphpawng,
-4-

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA
NINGNAN
GINSHI
Ka lajang ai,

LAHPAI AWNG LI
( B.Sc (Q), M.Div, D.Min. Ph.D)
&

MARAW JI WAWM
(B.Th, BA (Q), M.Div)
3rd Edition
Dip shabra ai,
Hpaji Byeng-ya Sut Htingnu
No.5, Gandama Lam, Insein Gat Makau, Yangoon
20 September, 2014.
Phone. 09400053018, 09421107752
Email - liawng@gmail.com

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

MALAWM NI
(Contents)
GABAW
LAIKA MAN
- Numhtet Ga
4
- Ga Nhpaw
6
1. Hpa baw ga hte ka da ma ta?
10
2. Hpa baw Arung arai lang nna ka da ma
11
ta?
3. Ga Shaka Ningnan hpe laika hpan garan
12
ai lam
4. Shingdu labau ni
15
15
- Mung masa
- Htunghking hte makam masham masa
23
43
- Kanawn mazum masa hte sut masa
5. Hkristan makam masham hta matut jai
44
lang ai Yuda makam hkringhtawng ni
47
6. Kabu gara shiga laika a shingdu na
matsun maroi
49
7. Kabu gara shiga laika ni a yaw shada ai
lam
50
8. Marku laika a lam
61
9. Mahte laika a lam
77
10. Luka laika a lam
88
11. Yawhan Laika a lam
96
12. Yawhan laika hte synoptic Gospels shai
hkat ai lam
-2-

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.

Kasa Laika a lam


Kasa Pawlu a lam
Htesaloni ni kaw shagun dat ai laika I a lam
Htesaloni ni kaw shagun dat ai laika II a lam
Galati ni ka shagun dat ai laika a lam
Korinhtu ni kaw shagun dat ai laika I a lam
Korinhtu ni kaw shagun dat ai laika II a lam
Roma ni kaw shagun dat ai laika a lam
Hpilemon kaw shagun dat ai laika a lam
Kolose ni kaw shagun dat ai laika a lam
Ehpesu ni kaw shagun dat ai laika a lam
Philipi ni kaw shagun dat ai laika a lam
Timohti kaw shagun dat ai laika I a lam
Timohty kaw shagun dat ai laika II a lam
Titu kaw shagun dat ai laika a lam
Hebre masha ni kaw shagun dat ai laika a
lam
29. Yaku a shagun dat ai laika a lam
30. Yuda a shgun dat ai laika a lam
31. Petru a shagun dat ai laika I a lam
32. Petru a shagun dat ai laika II a lam
33. Yawhan a shagun dat ai laika I a lam
34. Yawhan a shagun dat ai laika II a lam
35. Yawhan a shagun dat ai laika III a lam
36. Yawhan a shingran laika a lam
- Ga Shaka Ningnan ten na lamu ga sum la ni
- Madi shadaw ai laika ni
-3-

100
107
112
117
120
125
130
134
141
144
149
153
159
164
167
171
177
181
185
189
192
197
199
201
205
210

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Grai hkum tsup hkra Ga Shaka Ningnan a lam ni hpe


azin ayang ka da ai laika buk n re.Ga shaka Ningnan hte
seng ai npawt dai hpang labau hte Karai masa mungga ni
hpe shachyen ya ai hku nna kadun ai hku ka da ai laika buk
she re. Ra rawng ai lam ni hta, kaga laika buk ni hpe bai
galaw hti hkaja rai jai lang sa wa ga.
N dai laika buk hpe hti hkaja ai, nu, wa, hpung masha
ji nban ni yawng, chyum laika na Karai Kasang a mungga ni
hpe grau chye na la lu let, Hkristu hte rau ndai mungkan hpe
awng dang ai asak hkrung lam hpe gaw gap la lu mu ga ngu
yaw shada let,

sharin hpawng hte nta dinghku kata kaw jawm hti sharin la na
matu mung, tinang hkrai hti matsing la na matu mung, grai
htap htuk manu dan ai, laika rai sai, ngu aja awa madi shadaw
dat ai.
Rev. Dr. Lahtaw Gum Se
J.W. Chyum Hkawlik Jawng Up Usa.

Lahpai Awng Li & Maraw Ji Wawm.

-8-

-5-

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA NHPAW

dai Laika buk hpe lahkawng lang ngu na lang bai dip
shapraw lu ai majaw Karai Kasang chyeju hpe
nachying shakawn ga ai. Hpung magam gun ni, Chyum
jawng ma ni, Hpung myit su nkau mi hpyi shawn wa ai majaw,
shawng na lang hta grau hkum tsup hkra bai jahkum shatsup
nna bai dip shapraw dat ai re. Ndai lang na hta, ga si ga yan
nkau mi hpe grau htap htuk hkra ka sharai da ai sha n-ga,
Docetism, Gnosticism ni a lam grau hkum tsup hkra bai ka
kahtap bang da ga ai.
Karai Kasang gaw, Chyurum Wunpawng sha ni hpe,
Karai Kasang a lata la ai amyu, hkawhkam a hkinjawng ni,
chyoi pra ai amyu baw hte Karai Kasang lahku la ang ai
masha ni hku lata la nna, n dai mungkan hta, Shi a hpung
shingkang hpe shadan jahkung shangun nga ai re. Chyurum
Wunpawng Sha ni ngu ai myu sha langai hku nna, tinang a
ga, tinang a laika, tinang a htunghking ningli ni hte asak hkrung
let, Karai Kasang a hkye hkrang la ai chyeju hpe sakse hkam,
ginlen shalai nga na matu, shaman chyeju amyu myu jaw nga
ai re. Dai chyeju ni hta na, kaba dik ai chyeju gaw, Karai
Kasang a mungga hpe tiang a amyu ga hte jawm hti, jawm
htawn tsun, jawm sharin hka ja lu shangun ai lam rai nga ai.

-6-

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Dai ni, Jinghpaw laika hku ka da ai, Chyoi Pra ai chyum laika
hpe hti hka ja let, sak hkrung sa wa ai gaw 1927 ning, Dr. Ola
Hanson chyum laika hpe Jinghpaw ga hku gale ya ai aten
kaw na, rai saga ai. Hpung masha ni yawng mung chyum
laika grai chye hti hka ja wa saga ai.
Chyum laika gaw, shingdu labau ni , ga hkrang masa
ni, Karai masa mungga ni hte kapyawn nna, hti hka ja yang,
grau chye na loi nga ai. Bai nna, Madu Yesu hta tinang a sak
hkrung lam gaw gap la ai hta mung grau madi shadaw ya lu
nga ai. Chyoi pra ai Wenyi a hpaw hpyan dan ai lam ni hpe
mung grau hkawn hkrang wa shangun lu nga ai. Dai re ai
majaw, Jinghpaw ga hte chyum laika a npawt nhpang lam ni
hpe sawk sagawn let, ginshi ka jahtuk ai laika ni ra ahkyak
nga sai ngu, hkam la ai hte, n dai Ga Shaka Ningnan
Ginshi laika buk hpe ka shapraw ai lam rai nga ai.
English ga hku ka da ai, Ga Shaka Ningnan hte seng
ai laika ni hta mahta nna, sawk sagawn ka shalat da ai rai ga
ai. English ga hku ka da ai laika ni hta mungkan hpaji sawk
sagawn ladat hku dinglun ai lam ni law law rawng nga ai. Rai
tim, n dai laika buk hta gaw Karai Kasang a yaw shada ai
lam hte, Yesu a hkye hkrang la ai chyeju hta tinang a makam
masham hpe kahtap gaw gap la lu na hpe yaw shada nna ka
ai re majaw, academic hku hka ja na hkrak tim, makam
masham jat wa na lam hpe dingbai dingna jaw mai ai lam ni
hpe n ka bang da ga ai.
Jinghpaw laika hku, chyum laika ni hpe ka ai shaloi
na shingdu labau ni hte, chyum laika buk langai hkrai a yaw
shada ai Karai masa mungga ni hpe hkaja mayu ai hpung
magam gun ni, chyum jawng ma ni, hpung shawa ni a matu
yaw shada let, ka shapraw da ai laika buk re.

-7-

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Jau dik ai chyum laila buk ni hpe Papyrus hta ka da ma ai.


Dai hpang shan hpyi laika gaw shaning na na kyem da mai
ai baw re majaw, shan hpyi laika pa ni hpe bai lang nna ka da
ma ai.

GA SHAKA NINGNAN HPE LAIKA HPAN


GARAN AI LAM
(A) Kabu Gara Shiga Laika: Mahte, Marku, Luka, Yawhan
laika ni hpe Kabu gara shiga laika ni ngu tsun shamying ma
ai. Dai Kabu gara shi ga laika mali hta na Mahte, Marku,
Luka laika ni hpe gaw Synoptic gospel ngu shamying ma ai.
Hpa majaw nga yang dai kabu gara shiga laika masum gaw
Yesu a lam sakse hkam ka sang lang ai hta hkrang masa
bung ma ai. Yawhan laika a Yesu Hkrsitu a lam hpe sakse
hkam ka sang lang ai hkrang masa gaw, Mahte, Marku, Luka
laika ni hte shai ai majaw kaga san di nna hti hka ja ai baw
re. Ndai kabu gara shiga laika mali a madung dat ai lam
madung gaw Yesu a prat labau hpe labau ka sara ni zawn,
azin ayang gawn let ka sang lang ai lam n re. Yesu gaw kadai
wa re ngu ai lam hpe mahtang madung dat nna, makam
masham ningmu hku sakse hkam ka sang lang dan ai lam
re. Ndai kabu gara shiga laika mali kaw Yesu a prat labau
hte Yesu galaw lai wa sai magam bungli ni a lam rawng tim,
yaw shada ai lam gaw, Karai Kasang gaw mau hpa magam
bungli kaba hpe Yesu Hkristu hku shinggyim hkum hkrang
dagraw let, n dai mungkan hta galaw lai wa sai lam sakse
hkam dan ai lam rai nga ai. Kaga Ga Shaka Ningnan laika
buk ni hta Yesu a, mungkan ga ntsa shinggyim hkum hkrang
dagaw nna asak hkrung ai prat labau hpe Kabu gara shiga
- 12 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN
GINSHI

a shaka ningnan hta laika buk (27) rawng nna, dai


laika buk ni hpe AD 50-150 ning laman Kasa ni hte
Hkristan hpung masha ni, chyoi pra ai Wenyi shung
ya ai hte, ka da ai laika ni rai nga ai. Yesu Hkristu a lam sakse
hkam da ai laika ni rai nna, Karai Kasang a sharawng awng
ai lam hte, tengman ai Hkristan asak hkrung lam a hpung da
ni hpe tsun sang lang da ai re. Chyoi pra ai Wenyi shung ya
ai hte Ga shaka ningnan hpe ka da ai laika ka sara ni gaw,
shanhte ka da ai laika buk ni hpe Chyum laika buk tai wa u
ga ngu, yaw shada ai hte ka da ai n re. Dai aten na hpung
masha ni hpang de Yesu Hkristu a hkye hkrang la ai lam hpe
sakse hkam dan ai hte, tengman jaw ang ai Hkristan makam
masham ni hpe sharin ya na matu ka da ai laika ni she rai ma
ai. Shawng na Yesu a sape ni a prat hta, shanhte a matu
chyum laika gaw, Ga Shaka Dingsa (Old Testament) hpe
Greek ga hku gale tawn ai Septuagint (LXX) sha re. Dai Ga
Shaka dingsa hte hpawn rai, Yesu Hkristu a hkye hkrang la ai
lam hte, Karai Kasang sharawng awng ai Hkristan asak
-9-

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

hkrung lam a lam ni hpe Chyoi pra ai Wenyi shung ya ai hte


ka da ai laika buk (27) hpe AD 200 ning daram hta chyum
laika hku hkap la shagrin da ma ai.
Ga shaka ningnan hta rawng ai lam madung gaw myit
masa akyang lailen tara ni hpe matsun da ai lam sha n rai,
Nazaret wa Yesu gaw si du hpe awng dang ai anhte a hkye la
Madu re ngu nna sakse hkam da ai lam rai nga ai. Hpung
shingkang arawng sadang hte hpring tsup ai hpan madu asak
daju, hkrung nga ai Karai Kasang gaw shinggyim labau hta
Yesu Hkristu hku nna, shinggyim hkum hkrang dagraw let,
shinggyim masha ni hpe Karai Kasang ngu ai kadai re,
Kaning re ai wa re ngu ai lam hte, shi sharawng awng ai
shinggyim masha langai a asak hkrung lam kasi ni hpe hpaw
hpyan dan ai lam rai nga ai. Dai majaw, Ga Shaka Ningnan
hta Yesu a prat labau hpe madung n dat ai sha, Shi kadai re
ai, shinggyim masha ni yawng a matu Shi hpa baw galaw da
sai ngu ai lam hpe madung dat nna ka da ai re. Chyoi pra ai
Wenyi shung ya ai hte Chyum laika hpe ka ai ni gaw, lahta na
lam ni hpe shanhte nan myit kraw lawang ma hkra hte kam
sham ai hte, dai kabu gara shi ga hpe sakse hkam ginlen
shalai ai hku nna ka da ai rai ma ai.

HPA BAW GA HTE KA DA MA TA?

a Shaka Ningnan hpe ka ai ni gaw, shanhte aten hta,


mung shawa yawng lang ai ga rai nga ai Greek
(Heleni) ga (Koine Greek) ga hte ka da sai. BC 336323 hta Greek Hpyen jau bu kaba Alexander the Great wa
majan dang nna mungkan ting ngu na daram hpe up hkang
lai wa sai re. Shi up ai mungdan shagu hta Greek ga hpe
- 10 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

mungkan ting lang ai ga tai na matu shakut lai wa sai re majaw


Greek ga hpe Palistina mung dan yawng ga ai ga langai tai
wa ai re. Greek ni a hpang e, Roma ni bai mungkan hpe up
ma ai. Roma ni mung Greek ga hpe, mung shawa yawng
lang ai ga hku matut lang ma ai. Dai majaw, Ga Shaka
Ningnan hpe dai aten na ni yawng chye na ai Greek ga hte
ka da ai lam rai nga ai.
Ga Shaka Ningnan hpe kaga ga hku gale ai shaloi,
Greek ga hpe atsawm sharin la ai sara kaba ni sha chyum
laika gale na ahkang nga ai. Anhte hpe Jinghpaw ga hku Chyoi
pra ai Chyum laika hpe ga gale ya ai sara kaba Dr. Hanson
gaw Hebre ga hte Greek ga laika hpe atsawm sha chye ai
wa rai nga ai.

HPA BAW ARUNG ARAI LANG NNA GA


SHAKA NINGNAN HPE KA DA MA TA?

apyrus ngu ai hpun hpe hprang la nna, dai hta ka ma ai.


Dai baw hpun gaw Egutu mung Nile hka mayan hku tu ai
baw hpun rai nna, BC 3000 kaw nna lang hpang ma ai. Hkraw
hkun ai duhkra ladaw hta sha na na hkam nna,bam madi ai
shara hkan rai yang hten loi ai baw re. Dai Papyrus hpe lawu
na ladat hku lang ma ai.
(a)
Scroll form (laika katsu)
(b)
Codex form (laika buk)

- 11 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

dan gaw Asuri ni a up sha, dip sha ai hkrum sai. BC 586 hta
dingda Yuda mung dan mung, Babylon ni a lata hta hkrat sum
mat sai. Law law wa bawng hku nna rim mat wa ai hkrum ma
ai. BC 386 hta Persi (Persian) masha ni hpyen ngun ja wa
nna, Babylon hpe bai dang la sai. Persian hkaw hkam Kuru
(Cyrus) gaw Babylon Empire hpe BC 539 hta dang kau sai.
Kuru hkaw hkam gaw shawng na mungkan hpe up ai hkaw
hkam ni hte n bung ai sha, up hkang ai masa hpe jashai kau
wu ai. Bawng dung nga ai amyu baw sang ni yawng hpe tinang
a buga de bai nhtang wa lu na ahkang jaw ai hte, shanhte a
makam masham ni hpe wang lu wang lang nawku na ahkang
jaw wu ai. Yuda masha ni mung Babylon kaw bawng dung ai
kaw nna, tinang a mungdan de bai nhtang wa lu ma ai. Rai
tim shaning latsa ning daram na ai shaloi hta she yawng ngu
na daram Palestina mung de atsawm sha nhtang wa lu ma
ai.
Persi (Persian) ni a hpang, Greek ni bai mungkan hta
hpyen n-gun ja wa nna Persi (Persian) ni hpe bai dang la kau
ma ai majaw Yuda masha ni mung Greek ni a up hkang ai n
pu kaw bai nga ra mat ma ai. BC 336 hte 323 laman hta
Greek hpyen du kaba Alexander the Great gaw, mungkan a
sinpraw maga de India mung, dingda maga de Egutu mung,
Palestina mung, Suri mung ni hpe gasat dang la nna mungkan
hpe up sha wu ai. Shi a mungdan hpe daw mali garan nna,
shi a npu hta hpyen jaubu (4) hpe shatsam let mungkan hpe
up hkang wu ai. Rai tim Alexander the great gaw BC 323,
shi a asak (30) ning sha naw rai yang si mat wa sai. Shi si ai
hpang shi a npu na hpyen jaubu (4) gaw Anna power kashun
hkat let shada shingjawng gasat hkat ma ai. Hpyen jaubu
Ptolemy gaw Egutu hta hkaw dung ai wa rai nna Palestina
mung hpe mung up hkang wu ai. Ptolemy gaw Yuda hkinjawng

laika ni daram hkum tsup hkra n ka da ma ai. Dai re ai majaw,


Yesu a prat labau hte shi galaw lai wa sai magam bungli ni a
lam chye mayu yang Kabu gara shiga laika ni hta shamyet
shanat nna, hti hka ja la ra ga ai.

- 16 -

- 13 -

(B) Labau Laika: Kasa laika hpe labau laika nga ma ai. Kasa
laika hta Yesu Hkristu si du hpe awng dang nna hkrung rawt
ai hpang, Yesu Hkristu hpe kam sham ai Hkristan ni law htam
wa ai lam ni ka da nga ai. Shawng ningnan na Hkristan hpung
labau hpe ka da ai laika re. Rai tim labau hpe sha madung
dat nna ka da ai n re ai sha, Hkristan sasana shamu shamawt
ai hta Chyoi pra ai wenyi amu galaw lawm nga ai lam hpe
madung dat nna ka da ai re. Yesu Hkristu gaw Karai majing
re ngu ai lam hte, mungkan shinggyim masha yawng a hkye
la madu re ai lam, Yerusalem mare kaw nna Roma mare du
hkra kasa ni hkaw tsun sakse hkam ai lam ni hte, kam sham
ai Hkristan ni law htam jat wa ai lam ni hpe sakse hkam ka
mazing tawn ai laika buk rai nga ai.
(C) Kasa Pawlu a Shagun Laika Ni: Roma, I&II Korinhtu,
Galati, Ehpesu, Hpilipi, Kolose, I&II Htesalini, Philimon,
Hebre laika ni hte, I&II Timohti, Titu kaw shagun dat ai laika
ni gaw Kasa Pawlu a shagun laika ni rai ma ai. Chyum
ninghkrin nkau mi gaw, Hebre laika hpe Kasa Pawlu ka ai
shagun laika hku n hkap la ma ai. Rai tim, chyum ninghkrin
malawng maga gaw Hebre laika hpe Kasa Pawlu ka ai re
ngu hkap la ma ai. I&II Timohti, Titu kaw shagun dat ai laika
ni gaw Hpung hpe woi awn zinlum nga ai Timohti hte Titu
hpang de hpung woi masa lam ni hpe Kasa Pawlu tsun sharin
tawn da ai laika ni re. Kasa Pawlu a shagun dat ai laika ni
gaw, masha langai ngai hpang de (shing n rai) nawku hpung

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

langai ngai hpang de Yesu Hkristu a lam sakse hkam ai hte,


dai hpung masha ni hpe tengman ai Hkristan makam masham
hta ngang ngang kang kang asak hkrung na matu shading
sharai ya ai lam ni, n gun jaw ai lam ni, Karai Kasang
sharawng awng ai kyang lailen ni hpe sharin ya ai mungga
laika ni rai nga ai.
(D) Kaga Shagun Laika Ni: Yaku, I&II Petru, I, II&III Yawhan,
Yuda ni a shagun dat ai laika ni gaw ading tawk hpung langai
ngai de madung dat ai n re ai sha, mungdan shara shagu de
bra hkawm nga ai hpung shawa ni hpe madung dat nna ka
dat ai laika ni rai ma ai. Sara masu, myihtoi masu ni a sharin
a chyin ai lam ni, hpung masha ni kaw du pru wa ai sha n-ga,
kam sham ai hpung masha ni hpe zingri zingzat ai lam ni byin
pru nga ai majaw, tengman ai makam masham hta ngang
ngang kang kang tsap nga lu na matu, Yesu Hkristu a kabu
gara shi ga hpe sakse hkam gin len shalai ya let, ngun atsam
jaw ai hku nna, ka dat ai laika ni rai ma ai.
(E) Shingran Laika : Yawhan a shingran laika gaw Karai
Kasang a hpaw hpyan dan ai lam hpe Yawhan lu la nna, zingri
zingrat hte shoi hpa shoi rang hkam sha ra wa ai shaloi, ngang
kang ai makam masham hte awng dang lu na matu ngun jaw
ai lam ni hte, jahtum nhtoi e byin na lam ni hpe tsun sang lang
da ai laika rai nga ai.

- 14 -

SHINGDU LABAU
NI
(Historical Background)

a Shaka Ningnan aten na mung masa, htunghkying


masa, makam masham masa, shinggyim nga pra
masa, sut masa shingdu labau ni hte kapyawn nna
hka ja yang she, Ga Shaka Ningnan laika buk ni hpe hti yang
asan sha chyena la lu na re. Ga Shaka Ningnan hta lawm ai
chyum laika ni yawng hpe Roma ni mungkan hpe up ai aten
hta ka tawn da ai rai nga ai. Yesu a aten hta Roma ni gaw
mungkan hpe up ai Asuya rai nna, Palestina mung hpe mung
up ai ni rai ma ai.
(A) Mung Masa Shingdu Labau
(Political background)(B.C 168-135 A.D)
Yuda masha ni a labau hpe yu yang, Roma ni a up
hkang ai n pu de rai n du shi ai aten shawng shawng kaw
nna mung masa labau hta kaga amyu sha ni a dip sha, roi
sha hkrum ai ni rai ma ai. Israela mungdan lahkawng brang
rai, garan mat ai hpang, BC 721 hta ding dung Israela mung

- 15 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

la nna, hpyen hpung kaba hte BC 63 ning hta Yerusalem hte


Palestina mung ting hpe gasat tsing la kau wu ai. Dai majaw
Yuda ni gaw gahkin gumdin lam n nga ai majaw, tsam mari
shakut nna lu da ai mung masa awng dawm shang lawt ahkaw
hkang hpe, shaning 100 ning daram sha hkam sha lu nna,
Roma ni a up hkang ai npu hta bai asak hkrung ra mat manu
ai.
Roma hpyen du kaba Pompey wa gaw Idumia (Yuda
mung dingda daw) masha Antipater hpe mung bawng salang
shatai nna, Jeniyat a kasha Aristobulus hpe Palestina mung
hpe up shangun wu ai. Antipater wa sat kau hkrum ai hpang
Antipater a kasha Herod hte Aristobulus wa power shing
jawng hkat ma ai. Aristobulus gaw Roma asu ya hpe gumlang
ai ni hte ganawn ai wa rai nna, Herod gaw Pompey wa hpe
ayan myi man tam ai wa re. Dai majaw Pompey gaw Herod
hpe she Yuda mung hpe up shangun wu ai. Herod gaw BC
40 ning kaw nna, Roma asuya a nchyang hku Palestina mung
hpe up hkang na ahkang lu wu ai. Rai tim, mungdan kata na
n sim n sa lam ni hpe gasat shazim shakut ra mat ai majaw,
BC 37 ning hta she Herod the great ngu ai mying hte hkaw
dung wu ai. Herod the great gaw Palestina mung hpe BC 37
ning kaw nna BC 4 ning du hkra up wu ai. Mare ni, lam ni
galaw shagreng ai sha n-ga Yerusalem htingnu hpe mung
BC 20 hta Solomon hkaw hkam wa gap da lai wa sai hkrang
raw hku bai gaw gap da wu ai. Dai majaw, Yesu Hkristu asak
hkrung ai aten hta dai Jerusalem nawku htingnu gaw Herod
a nawku htingnu ngu nna mying gumhkawng lai wa sai. Nawku
htingnu gaw Herod the great a lak htak hta gaw gap ngut tim,
nawku htingnu wang, shakum hte htingnu wang a chying hka
ni gaw AD 66 hta e she tsep kawp gaw gap ngut ma ai. Rai

agyi ni hpe shangun ma shatai let Yuda masha ni hpe up


hkang wu ai.
Rai tim, Suri mung hta hkaw dung ai hpyen jaubu
Seleucus hte Ptolemy yan gaw Palestina mungdan hpe up
hkang lu na lam hte seng nna shada jahkring hkring gasat
hkat ma ai. BC 200 hta gaw Seleucus wa majan dang nna
Palestina mung hpe up hkang wu ai. Seleucus hte shi a hkang
galai ai hpyen jaubu ni gaw shawng daw de Yuda masha ni
hpe tinang ra ai makam masham hpe wang lu wang lang
nawku daw jau na ahkang jaw ma ai. Rai tim, BC 168 hta
Seleucus a hkaw hpe matut dung ai hpyen jaubu Antiochus
IV wa gaw Greek (Heleni) ni a htung hking makam masham,
ga, myit sawn ningchyoi hpaji (Philosohpy) ni hpe shi up hkang
ai shara shagu hta chyam bra wa hkra shakut wu ai. Dai hpe
Yuda ni ninghkap ai majaw Yuda ni hpe matu n mai gadoi ai,
laban nhtoi hpe hkungga la ra di ai lam ni n mai galaw ai ngu
ating anang hkum pat wu ai. BC 169 hta Antiochus IV gaw
shi a mungdan maden ai hku nna Egutu mung hpe sa kasat
wu ai. Rai tim n awng dang ai sha bai n htang wa ra ai hpe
gaya pawt pawt nna Heleni htung hking makam masham ni
hpe n hkap la ai Yuda ni hpe grau zingri zingrat di wu ai.
Hkinjawng agyi aya hpe mung gumhpraw grau law jaw lu ai
wa hpe san da let Greek makam masham hte htunghking
ningli ni chyam bra wa hkra shakut shangun wu ai. Yuda
masha ni yawng (1) Matu gadoi ai lam n galaw lu na , (2)
Makam masham hte seng ai poi lamang ni n galaw lu na, (3)
Laban ban ai lam n galaw lu na, (4) Chyum laika ni hpe n
tsing da lu na, (5) Chyum laika tsing da ai ni hpe si ari jaw na,
ngu nna hkang da wu ai.
Dai hta sha n-ga, Yuda ni a chyum laika ni hpe wan
nat kau ya nna, Yerusalem nawku htingnu kata kaw shanhte

- 20 -

- 17 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Greek ni a nat hpara Zirus hpe tawn da nna nawku shangun


wu ai. BC 167, December shata hta gaw Yerusalem htingnu
a hkungri ntsa e Yuda ni n mai sha ai ngu ai wa (pig) hpe
nawng jau ma ai. Modein ngu ai, Yerusalem a sinna dingdung
daw de na mare kaji hta mung wa hpe hkungri hta nawng
jau shangun ma ai. Raitim dai mare na hkinjawng agyi
Mattathias gaw n madat n mara ai sha, shi a kasha marai 5
hte myu tsaw Yuda masha ni hpe zinlum la nna, Greek Asuya
hpe BC 166 hta gumlang hpang ma ai. Asak kaba sai
Mattathias gaw kade nna yang, majan hta hkrat sum mat wu
ai. Dai hpang shi a kasha kaba Yuda Mekebiyat wa matut
nna rawt malan lam hpe woi awn sai. Yuda Mekebiyat a mying
hpe lakap nna shanhte a rawt malan lam hpe Mekebiyat Rawt
Malan lam ngu nna labau hta ka masat da ma ai.
BC 163 hta Greek hpyen bu Antiochus IV wa majan
hta si mat sai. Shi a hkang hta Laisiyat ngu ai hpyen du kaba
bai hkaw galai dung sai. Laisiyat gaw gumlang ai rawt malan
hpung ni hpe, gasat gala lam jahkring ai lam woi galaw let,
rawt malan hpung ni hpe mare de bai lakawn la wu ai. Dai
majaw, Mekebiyat Rawt Malan Hpung ni mung, dai shaning
December shata hta Yerusalem de bai wa nna, Yerusalem
nawku htingnu hpe kashin gamun, jasan jaseng ai lam galaw
ma ai. Dai jasan jaseng ai lam hpe lakap nna Hanukkah poi
(Htingnu hpe kalang bai jasan jaseng let Karai Kasang a man
hta ap nawng ai poi) ngu nna dai ni du hkra, Yuda ni shaning
shagu galaw ma ai. Makam masham a matu awng dawm
ahkaw ahkang lu sai rai tim, Mekebiyat hpung ni gaw mung
masa hku Greek ni a up ai npu kaw nna tsep kawp awng
dawm lawt lu na matu matut shakut ma ai. BC 160 ning hta
Yuda Mekebiyat wa majan hta hkrat sum mat nna, kanau
Yawnathan wa bai woi awn wu ai. Hkinjawng lit mung shi sha

la wu ai. BC 142 ning hta Yawnathan majan hta bai si mat


nna kanau kaji htum Saimon bai woi awn wu ai. Saimon a lak
htak hta Roma ni a up hkang ai n pu kaw nna, awng dawm
shanglawt lu la ma ai. Dai mjaw, dai aten kaw nna, Yuda mung
a gumhpraw hta Saimon a baw sumla hpe kayet shakap da
nna lang ma ai. Raitim makam masham hpung ni rai nga ai,
Hparishe ni hte Zaduke hpung ni gasat gala hkat ai majaw
mungdan n sim n sa ai lam ni naw byin nga ma ai. BC134
ning hta Saimon hte kasha lahkawng sat kau hkrum nna,
Saimon a kasha langai rai nga ai Jawhaikarenat ngu ai wa
bai ningbaw tai wa sai. Jawhaikarenat wa gaw majan gasat
ai hta ning tawn ai ningbaw re ai majaw, Dawi hkaw hkam a
aten na lamu ga ni yawg ngu na daram bai gasat madu la lu
ma ai.
Raitim, Jawhaikarenat si ai hpang shi a kasha
Alexanda Jeniyat wa bai ningbaw tai wa sai. Alexanda Jeniyat
gaw grai n hkru n kaja ai wa re. Kanu hte kahpu kanau ni
yawng hpe sat kau nna, shi hkum shi hkawhkam ngu nna n
dau shabra wu ai. Dai gaw, Yehowa Karai Kasang chyu sha
Yuda amyu ni a Karai Kasang majing re ngu ai hpe ninghkap
ai lam rai nga ai. Dai majaw, shi woi awn ai aten hta kaji
kawa ni a makam masham lam hpe madung dat nna rawt
malan ai nam chyim mung hkoi mat sai. Mung masa rawt
malan lam san san hku sha Yuda mung hpe woi awn wu ai.
Jeniyat si ai hpang shi a kasha lahkawng mung hkaw hkam
hkaw kashun hkat, Hparishe hte Zaduke hpung ni mung shada
shing jawng let gasat gala hkat rai, dinghku majan byin wa
ma ai. Dai majaw, mung shawa ni gaw, Suri mung hta up
hkang nga ai Roma hpyen du kaba Pompey hpe sa karum
hparan lawm na matu garum hpyi ma ai. Raitim, Roma hpyen
du kaba Pompey wa gaw garum hpyi ai hpe ahkaw ahkang

- 18 -

- 19 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Roma ni mung shan hte a hpara hku kaga mying bai shamying
la nna nawku ma ai. Ga shadawn, Greek ni a hpara Zerus
gaw Roma ni a Jupiter hpara, Greek ni a Artimis hpara gaw
Roma ni a Diana hpara, Greek ni a Harmus hpara gaw Roma
ni a Mercuri hpara,ngu shamying la nna, nawku ma ai.
Greek karai ni gaw shinggyim masha ni zawn num, la,
yi, la nga ma ai ngu kam ma ai. Tsaw ra hkat ai lam, n ju n
dawng hkat ai lam, gali galaw hkat ai lam ni mung nga ai ngu
kam ma ai. Greek ni hte Roma ni a karai ni gaw ginra shara
hta hkan nna mung, ginra shara langai ngai hte seng ai karai
ni mung tai wa ai ngu kam ma ai. Shara langai ngai hta nga
ai hpara ni hte pawng nna mung hpara ningnan langai hku
nga chye ai, ngu mung kam ma ai.
2. Hkawhkam Nawku Htung (Emperor Worship)
Hkawhkam ni hpe nawku ai nawku htung gaw Roma
hkawhkam Augustu wa hpang da ai rai nna, shawng ningnan
daw hta gaw si mat sai hkawhkam ni hpe nawku ai lai rai ma
ai. Rai tim, Domitian hkawhkam a prat hta gaw shi hkum hpe
nan hpara langai hku nawku shangun wu ai. Ga Shaka
Ningnan hpe ka ai prat hta, si mat sai hkawhkam ni hpe
nawku ai nawku htung hpe mung naw jai lang ma ai.
Hkawhkam nawku htung hte seng ai htingnu ni hpe gaw gap
da nna, hkinjawng ni hpe tawn let, mung masha ni hpe nawku
shangun ma ai.
3. Lachyum chye na na yak ai, lachyum sung ai nawku
htung (Mystery Religion)
Ga shaka ningnan prat hta ndai baw nawku htung gaw
hpan law law nga ma ai. Rai tim, mying kaba ai gaw masum
sha nga ma ai. Dai ni gaw:
- 24 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

tim AD 70 hta dai Yerusalem htingnu hpe Roma ni bai hpya


jahten kau masai.
Herod the great si ai hpang shi a mungdan gaw, kasha
marai 3 bai lamu ga garan nna up ma ai. Kasha kaba
Archalaus wa gaw Yuda, Idumia hte Samari mung daw ni hpe
up hkang wu ai. Kasha Philip wa gaw Kutura mung (Paleatina
a sinpraw dingdung), Terahkoni mung, hte Geretena mung
daw ni hpe up hkang nna, kasha Herod Antipa gaw Galile hte
Peria mung ni hpe up hkang wu ai. Raitim, shannau ni masum
hte gaw Roma asuya a n pu kaw, Roma asuya matsun ai hku
up hkang ai she rai ma ai. Roma asuya gaw hpang daw de
Archelaus wa hpe n jai lang sai sha , shi a shara hta Roma
mung gyi langai mi hpe san da nna up hkang shangun wu ai.
Herod Antipa wa hpe mung n jai lang sai sha Agripa I, de a
hpang Agripa II hpe bai san da nna up hkang shangun ma ai.
Hpilip mung AD 39 hta si mat sai. Roma munggyi ni mung
hpe matut up hkang ma ai. Rai tim, Yuda salang hpawng ni
gaw nawku makam masham hte seng ai shut ai lam ni hpe je
yang na ahkang lu ma ai.
AD 66 hta gaw Yuda myu tsaw Zelutu(Zealots) ni
kalang bai ngun kaba hte Roma asuya hpe rawt malan ma
ai. Raitim, Roma ni AD 70 ning hta Zelutu ni hpe ngun kaba
hte kasat jasim kau nna, Yerusalem nawku htingnu hpe mung
jahten kau ya ma ai. Hpang jahtum, AD 135 ning hta kalang
mi bai n gun mahkawng la let rawt malan ma ti mung n awng
dang ma ai. Dai zawn myu tsaw Zelutu ni Roma hpe rawt
malan ma ti mung, Hkinjawng agyi, Zaduke, Herodi (Herod
the great a aru arat ni) ngu ai ni gaw Roma asuya ni up hkang
ai hpe madi shadaw ma ai.

- 21 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Roma hkaw seng Kehta Augustu a laika htak hta gaw


mungdan ting kahkyin gumdin lam lu la u ga ngu yaw shada
let, hkaw hkam hpe nawku ai htung (Emperor worship) hpe
hkrang woi shapraw wu ai. Si mat sai hkawhkam ni hpe karai
ni ngu woi masat let woi nawku ai sha n ga , shi hkum shi
mung karai hku shagrau sha-a nawku hkam la wu ai. Dai
nawku htung hpe n hkan ai ni hpe zingri zingrat di ma ai. Rai
tim Yuda nawku htung gaw dai aten hta Roma asuya tara
shang masat da ya ai nawku htung re ai majaw, Roma
hkawhkam ni hpe n nawku tim zingri zingrat n hkrum ma ai.
Hkristan ni hpe gaw Yuda nawku htung hkan ai ni ngu shadu
ai majaw, hkawhkam ni hpe n nawku tim n zingri ma ai. Yuda
ni mung shawng daw hta dai hku sha chye na ma ai. Rai tim,
hpang daw de Hkristan ni gaw Yuda nawku htung hkan ai ni n
re ngu ai hpe chye wa ma ai. Dai majaw Hkristan ni gaw
Roma asuaya tara shang masat da ya ai nawku htung n re
ngu nna, Hkristan ni hpe zingri zingrat di wa ma ai. Hkawhkam
Nero a lak htak hta gaw Hkristan ni hpe, Roma mare hpe
wan nat ai ni ngu nna mara shagun let zingri zingrat ai lam
hpe galaw wu ai. Hkawhkam Domitian a lak htak e mung
hkawhkam hpe n nawku ai ni ngu mara shagun let Hkristan ni
hpe zingri zingrat wu ai.
Ga shaka ningnan hpe ka ai aten hta Roma ni gaw
mungkan hpe up ai aten re. Roma ni gaw mungkan hpe sim
sa hkra up lu ma ai. Nero hte Domitian hta lai nna kaga Roma
hkaw hkam ni Hkristan ni hpe n zingri ma ai. Roma ni mung
up ai aten hta mung masa sim sa ai hte, lam ni shagreng ai
majaw sin praw hte sinna mungkan matut mahkai lam mung
kaja wa ai aten re. Hka panglai hku hkrun lam hkawm sa ai
lam ni mung grai hkrak ai hku lu woi lajang ma ai. Dai re ai
majaw, damya ni mung n nga, hkrun lam mung kaja re ai lam

ni gaw, Hkristan kabu gara shi ga chyam bra wa na matu


hkyen lajang ya ai lam tai lai wa sai re.1

- 22 -

(B) Htung Hking Hte Makam Masham Shingdu Labau


(Cultural & Religious background)
Ga shaka ningnan hpe ka ai prat na htunghking hpe
Graeco-Roman nga ma ai. Hpa majaw nga yang Roma ni
mung up tim, Greek htunghking ka-up ai aten re ai majaw re.
Greek ni gaw mungkan a ring chyoi lam hta grai woi awn lu ai
ni rai ma ai. Shanhte a myit sawn ningchyoi hpaji (philosophy),
laili laika hte gamung naura ni hku nna mungkan hpe, mung
masa, sut masa, myit masa, shinggyim nga pra masa ni ring
chyoi wa shangun ai hta mying gumhkawng ai ni rai ma ai.
BC 300-400 kaw nna, Greek philosophy hte laika ni gaw
mungkan hpe ka-up wa ma ai. Greek philosophers ni gaw
jawng gawk kaga n hpaw ai sha, hkawm sa let sharin shaga
ya ma ai majaw, Greek htunghkying gaw grau chyam bra loi
ai lam byin tai lai wa sai. Greek ni gaw gin sup ai lam hte
music hta mung mying gumhkawng ma ai. Olympic game hpe
mungkan hta shawng hpang da ai ni mung rai ma ai. Kasa ni
a prat hta mung, makam masham a sharin achyin lam ni hta
Greek ni a sharin achyin lam hkan ka-up nang nga ai lam mu
lu ga ai. {ga shadawn, Kasa laika hta Stoic hte Epikuri sara
ni hte dang rang hkat ai lam rawng nga ai (Kasa 17:18)}.
1. Roma ni hte Greek ni a Nawku Htung
Greek hte Roma ni gaw Karai law law hpe nawku ma
ai (Polytheism). Greek hte Roma ni a nawku htung gaw kayau
gumhpawn ma ai. Hpa majaw nga yang, Greek hpara ni hpe
1

Eh Wah, New Testament Introduction, Lecture Note fot B.Th course,


Myanmar Institute of Theology,Insein, 1993.pp.3-4.
- 23 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

(e) Shinggyim masha gaw n kaja ai hkrang rai (jum lu,


hkra lu, mu lu) hte hkrung nga ai rai tim , shi hta Karai
a htoi shingna lawm nga ai. Dai gaw, n kaja ai hte
kaja ai kayau nga ai lam re. Dai kaw nna hkye hkrang
la hkrum na matu gaw Gnosis ngu ai myit chye myit
chyang hpaji chye da, lu da ra ai, ngu kam ma ai.
(f) Shinggyim hkum hkrang gaw n kaja ai, n san seng n
chyoi pra ai re majaw, bai hkrung rawt na ngu ai gaw n
mai byin ai ngu kam sham ma ai.
Shanhte a makam hta, Karai Kasang gaw ading tawk
shi nan ndai mungkan nga yawng danghta hpe hpan shalat
ai n re. Karai Kasang gaw shi hkum kaw na aeon ngu ai
karai kaji ni law law shapraw dat wu ai. Dai eaon ni kaw
na mung matut manoi eaon ni hpe bai paw pru wa shangun
ma ai. Dai hku nna eaon nkau mi gaw Karai Kasang hte
grau grau tsan gang mat wa ai hte, chyoi pra san seng ai
lam mung grau grau yawm ai.2 Dai zawn eaon ni kaw na
madang nem dik ai demiurge gaw grau Karai hte tsan
gang mat wa ai hte n hkru n kaja ai lam ni hte grau gayau
mat wa ai.Teng man ai Karai hpe hpa n sawn sai sha,
nhtan shai hkat ai hpyen tai mat wa ai re. Dai demiurge
she n dai n hkru n kaja ai mung kan hpe hpan shalat ai re
ngu kam ma ai. Dai majaw n dai hpan da ai nga yawng
dang hta gaw, n hkru n kaja , n san n seng ai hte teng man
ai Karai Kasang hte nhtan shai ai hpyen re ngu kam ma
ai.3 Ga shaka dingsa na karai hpe gaw hpan da ai karai
2

William Barclay,
The Daily Study Bible: The Letters to Timothy, Titus and Philemon
(Bangalore: Theological Publication,1994), P.7.
3
J. Deotis Roberts,
A Philosophical Introduction to Theology
(Philadelphia: Trinity Press International, 1991), P.85.
- 28 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

(1) Greek ni a nawku htung kaw na Eleusis hte Demeter


(nsi naisi hte seng ai karai)
(2) Egutu mung kaw na du wa ai Orisis
(3) Persian mung kaw na du wa ai Mithras nawku htung
ni rai ma ai.
Ndai nawku htung hta langai hte langai shai hkat ai lam ni
nga tim, bung hkat ai sat lawat ni nga ai. N dai nawku htung
hta hpung masha jashawn ai lam hpe grai makoi magap ai
hku galaw ma ai. Shinggan masha ni n mu n chye ya lu ma ai.
Si ai kaw na bai hkrung rawt wa ai karai ni hpe myit dum
hkam sha lu na matu, zat mau mwi ni madun ai hku nna woi
nawku ma ai. Nawku masha ni yawng gaw dai kaw hkan
shang lawm ai hku nna, wenyi ngun, myit masin ngun lu la ai
ngu kam ma ai. Dai hku nna, shanhte nawku ai karai ni hte
langai sha re ai hku hkam sha lu hkra nawku woi ai, nawku
htung rai ma ai.

4. Kayau Gumhpawn da ai nawku htung (Syncretistic


Religion)
Ndai baw nawku htung ni Hkristan nawku hpung ni
hpe jam jau jaw ai lam Kolose, Yuda, II Petru, Yawhan a shagun
dat ai laika ni hta mu lu ga ai.
DOCETISM
AD 70 the 170 lapran nawku hpung ni hpe Yesu Hkrsitu
a lam shut shai ai hku hkan sharin achyin ai hpung ni rai ma
ai. Docetic ngu ai gaw bung ai zawn san ai (to seem, to
appear, to look like) ngu ai lachyum re. Shanhte a makam
hta Yesu gaw tsa lam shadang hpring tup Karai Kasang re ai
- 25 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

majaw shinggyim hkum sai shan nnga ai. Yesu a shinggyim


hkum gaw shinggyim hkum majing n re. Shinggyim hkum zawn
san ai she re. Shinggyim masha zawn kawsi hpang gara ai
lam ni, yawn hkyen ai lam ai, kabu ai lam ni gaw kaja wa n re.
Jahpai ai lam she re. Shinggyim masha zawn shadan ai sha
she re. Dai majaw Yesu Udang hta jam jau hkam ai, si hkam
ai lam ni mung kaja wa n re. Hkrang shala dan ai sha she re
ngu hkam la ai hte, dai hku hkan sharin hkawm ai ni rai ma ai.
N dai makam gaw Yesu rai n shangai shi ai kaw nna
mying gumhkawng nga sai Greek masha ni a myit sawn
ningchyoi (Philosophy) hta lawm ai lahkawn run masa
(Dualism) kaw na paw pru wa ai re. Dai lahkawng run masa
hta hkang rai (matter) ni yawng gaw n kaja ai, n san seng ai;
wenyi (spirit) sha she san seng ai ngu hkam la ma ai. Dai
majaw Chyoi pra san seng ai wenyi hkum hkrang rai nga ai
Yesu Hkrsitu gaw hkrang nga ai shinggyim hkum hkrang
majing gaw n mai byin ai. Hkrang nga ai shinggyim hkum
hkrang hku shinggyim masha ni mu mada ai lam gaw hkum
hkrang majing n re. Hkrang shingyan hku shinggyim masha
ni sawn la lu na hku shadan dan ai lam sha re ngu tsun sharin
ma ai.Yesu gaw shinggyim hkum shan majing dagraw ai wa
n re, Karai majing she re ngu shut shai ai hku nawku hpung ni
hpe tsun sharin ai lam,Yawhan a shagun dat ai laika I,II,III hkan
mu mada lu ga ai. N dai makam gaw hpang daw de
Gnosticism ngu bai hkrang shachyaw mying galai mat wa ai
hte hpung masha ni hpe shut shai ai hku sharin achyin ai hte
lam shadam ai hpung ni rai ma ai.

GNOSTICISM
Gnostic nawku htung gaw Greek myit sawn ningchyoi
hpaji (philosohpy) ni hte, kaga nawku htung ni kaw na kaja
dik ngu ai ni hpe lata la nna, Gnostic nawku htung ngu masat
la ma ai. Dai hku nna, kaja dik ai nawku htung byin wa mai ai
ngu hkam la ma ai. Gnostic nawku htung ni law law nga ma
ai. Langai hte langai mung shai hkat ma ai. Rai tim, yawng
wa bung ai makam ni gaw:
(a) Jum lu hkra lu, mu lu ai hkrang rai (Mungkan hte
mungkan e nga ai arai) ni yawng gaw n kaja ai, Wenyi
sha kaja ai, ngu kam ma ai (spirit is good, matter is
evil).
(b) Dai majaw Kaarai Kasang gaw wenyi rai nga ai hte
maren, n dai mungkan ga hte nga yawng dang hta
hpe hpan da ai ngu ai gaw n mai byin ai. Hpa majaw
nga yang ndai mungkan gaw jum lu, hkra lu, mu lu ai
hkrang rai (matter) rai nga ai majaw n kaja ai. Mungkan
gaw n kaja ai majaw, dai n kaja ai arai hpe hpan
hpajang ai wa mung n kaja na re. Karai ni gaw wenyi
hte nga nna, kaja ai ni re ai majaw n kaja ai mungkan
hpe hpan ai gaw n mai byin ai, ngu kam ma ai.
(c) Karai a kasha shinggyim hkum shan dagraw ai ngu ai
gaw n mai byin ai. Hpa majaw nga yang, Karai Kasang
gaw san seng chyoi pra ai, dai majaw chyoi pra ai
Karai gaw n kaja ai n san seng ai mungkan hte galoi
mung n gayau ai sha san san nga ai baw she re ngu
kam ai.
(d) Karai hte shinggyim masha a lapran kaw htinglet ya
ai Aeons ngu ai, matut mahkai ya ai karai kaji ni nga ma
ai, ngu kam ma ai.

- 26 -

- 27 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

(n san seng n chyoi pra ai karai) hku kam nna, Ga Shaka


Ningnan na Karai hpe she teng man ai Karai Kasang hku
kam ma ai.4
Yubak mara hte tsin yam tsin dam gara hku nna
mungkan ntsa nga wa ai ngu ai hte seng nna gaw, aten
ahkying ngu ai rai nnga ai aten (before time began),
hrkang rai (matter) nga nga chyalu re. Hpan shalat ai ngu
ai mung hpa mung n nga ai kaw na hpan shalat ai n re.
Dai hkrang rai (matter) hpe mahta nna hpan shalat ai she
re. Hkrang rai (matter) gaw n hkum n tsup ai, n kaja ai, n
san n seng ai re majaw, dai hkrang rai (matter) kaw na
byin pru wa ai ndai hkrang nga ai mungkan (jum lu, hkra,
lu, mu lu ai) nga yawng dang hta mung na hkru n kaja, n
san n seng, ai ngu kam ma ai.5
Karai Kasang hte shinggyim masha lapran eaon ni
law law nga ai rai nna, langai hkrai kaw, n bung ai atsam
ningja, mying nga ai hte ginru ginsa ahtik labau mung nga
ma ai. Dai majaw Gnoticism ni gaw nhtum hkraw ai, majoi
kam daw tsun ai maumwi (fables) ni hte nhtum hkraw ai
ginru ginsa ahtik labau ni nga ma ai. Aeoan ni gaw Karai
Kasang hte shinggyim masha ni hpe matut ya ai ngu kam
ai majaw, shinggyim masha langai Karai Kasang kaw du
na matu gaw, dai eaon ni law law hku tawt lai lung wa ra
ai. Dai hku tawt lai lung wa lu na matu lak lai ai myit chye
myit chyang (Special kind of knowledge) lu da ra ai. Tsaw
dik ai myit chye myit chyang hpaji lu da ai wa sha aeon ni

Bai nna, shinggyim masha yawng gaw hkye hkrang


la hkrum na n re ngu kam sham ma ai. Law malawng gaw
du sat tsu wenyi rawng ai ni rai nna, jahtum e si nna hten
za mat na re. Ntsa de na Karai Kasang a wenyi hkai bang
ya hkrum ai ni sha hkye hkrang la hkrum lu ai ngu kam
sham ma ai.11 Gnostic Hkrsitan ni gaw shanhte sha dai
ntsa de na teng man ai Karai Kasang a wenyi hkai bang
ya hkrum ai ni re ngu hkam la ai hte gumrawng gumtawng
ma ai. Hkum hkrang bai hkrung rawt na ngu ai hpe mung
n kam ma ai. Masha gaw si ai shaloi wenyi hte hkum
hkrang garan mat sai. Hkum hkrang gaw n chyoi n pra ai,
n san seng ai, n hkru n kaja ai hkrang rai re majaw si ai
shaloi htenza mat sai. Hkum hkrang gaw, hkrang rai re ai
majaw, teng man ai Karai Kasang hte n seng ai. Wenyi
sha teng man ai Karai Kasang hte seng ai. Dai majaw
hkum hkrang gaw bai n hkrung rawt na re ngu kam ma
ai.12

5. Yuda Nawku htung (Judaism)


Hkristan makam masham gaw Yuda nawku htung kaw
na shangai wa ai rai nga ai. Yesu Hkristu mung Yuda masha
langai hku shinggyim hkum hkrang dagraw hkam la nna, Yuda
nawku htung a n hkum n tsup ai lam ni hpe jahkum shatsup ya
let Hkristan makam masham hpe shangai shapraw ya dat ai
re. Yuda wuhpawng hta nawku daw jau ginra (Institutions) hte
4
11

J. Deotis Roberts, A Philosophical Introduction to Theology


(Philadelphia: Trinity Press International, 1991),, p. 86.
12
William Barclay, The Daily Study Bible: The Letters to Timothy, Titus and
Philemon (Bangalore: Theological Publication,1994), P. 30.
- 32 -

William Barclay,
The Daily Study Bible: The Letters to Timothy, Titus and Philemon
(Bangalore: Theological Publication,1994), P.28.
5
William Barclay,
The Daily Study Bible: The Letters to Timothy, Titus and Philemon
(Bangalore: Theological Publication,1994), P..27.
- 29 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

langai hkrai hpe lai di lung wa lu ai ga makoi (passwords)


ni hpe chye na lu ai hte jahtum e Karai Kasang hpang de
du lu ai ngu kam ma ai.6 Myit chye myit chyang hpaji gaw
Karai Kasang a hpaw dan hpyan dan ai (revelation) kaw
na lu la ra ai re. Dai gaw mungkan hte seng ai, shinggyim
masha a asak hte seng ai, arung arai ni hte seng ai lam
ni re. Dai myit chye myit chyang hpaji ni gaw n hkru n kaja
ai lam ni hpe awng dang lu shangun nna, grau madang
tsaw ai, Karai Kasang hte grau ni htep ai asak hkrung
lam hpe lu la shangun nga ai ngu kam ma ai. Dai majaw
hkye hkrang la ai lam ngu ai gaw shinggyim masha a
wenyi gaw, grau grau madang tsaw ai wenyi mungdan de
lu sa wa ai lam re ngu kam ma ai. Dai gaw, ndai dinghta
mungkan kaw na lawt lu hkra shakut ai hte teng man ai
Karai Kasang hte rau nga lu hkra shakut ai lam re. Hkum
sai shan gaw n hkru n kaja ai ngu kam ai majaw, hkye
hkrang la ai lam gaw, hkum shan a ra marin ai lam kaw na
lawt lu hkra shakut ai hte wenyi asak hkrung lam hpe lu la
ai lam re. Dai gaw mai kaja ai arawn alai hte asak hkrung
ai hte, hkum sai shan a marin marit lam hpe grai sadi ai
hte atsam dat shagrit shakut ai hku nna shamyit kau yang
she lu la mai ai lam rai nga ai, ngu kam ma ai.7
Gnostics ni gaw, Yesu Hkrsitu hpe n dai mungkan hta
Karai Kasang a up hkang ai mungdan sa gaw gap ai
Meshia hku n kam ma ai. Yesu Hkrsitu shinggyim hkum

rai n sa dagraw ai aten kaw na, Gnostic ni hta Hkye la


madu karai nga ai ngu ai maumwi mausa nga chyalu re.
Dai makam hkrang masa hte Yesu Hkrsitu hpe hkap la
kam sham ma ai.8 Yesu Hkrsitu gaw, tsaw dik, hkik hkam
dik , chyoi pra san seng dik ai Karai n re. Shi gaw Karai
Kasang kaw na paw pru shapraw dat hkrum ai eaon ni
hta na Karai Kasang hte ni htep dik, san seng chyoi pra
dik, grau dik ai wa she re. Karai Kasang hte shinggyim
masha lapran matut mahkai ya ai tsaw dik ninggam hta
matut mahkai ya ai wa she re ngu kam ma ai.9 Shinggyim
hkum hkrang hku sa hkrung ai Hkrsitu gaw majoi mi masha
tai dan ai she rai nna, madang tsaw dik ai aeon hku kam
ma ai. Sumsing lamu de na yu sa nna shinggyim masha
ni a wenyi hpe hkye la na matu, sumsing Hkristu gaw
shainggyim masha Yesu kaw shung ai hku chye na hkap
la ma ai. Yesu Hkrsitu shinggyim hkum hkrang dagraw ai
ngu ai hku n kam ma ai. Hpa majaw nga yang Hkrsitu
gaw chyoi pra ai, hkum tsup ai, shinggyim hkum hkrang
gaw n kaja ai, n chyoi pra n san seng ai ngu kam ai majaw
rai ma ai. Dai majaw, Yesu Hkrsitu gaw masha sa tai ai,
sa shangai chyinghkai ai, tsin yam sa hkam mana ai hte
si hkam ai ngu ai lam ni hpe n kam ma ai. Sumsing Hkristu
gaw Yesu wudang ntsa rai n si hkam shi yang sumsing
lamu de wa mat sai, Yu maya shinggyim masha Yesu sha
wu dang ntsa hta si hkrum ai re ngu kam ma ai.10
8

William Barclay,
The Daily Study Bible: The Letters to Timothy, Titus and Philemon
(Bangalore: Theological Publication,1994), P.7.
7
J. Deotis Roberts,
A Philosophical Introduction to Theology
(Philadelphia: Trinity Press International, 1991), Pp.85-87.
- 30 -

J. Deotis Roberts, A Philosophical Introduction to Theology


(Philadelphia: Trinity Press International, 1991), Pp.85-87.
9
William Barclay, The Daily Study Bible: The Letters to Timothy, Titus and
Philemon (Bangalore: Theological Publication,1994), P.28.
10
Everett F. Harrison, eds.,
Bakers Dictionary of Theology (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Book
House, 1988), P.238.
- 31 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Hparishe ni gaw dai Oral law ni hpe she grau hkyik hkam
ai, prat dep ai jep ai tara ni ngu tsun sharin let, kaga tara ni
hta grau jahpu shareng, hkan nang hkan sa ma ai. Dai tara ni
hpe n lu hkan ai yu maya masha ni hpe yu kaji ai sha n-ga, n
san seng ai ni ngu gyin hka let, Karai Kasang sharawng awng
ai hku asak n hkrung ai ni ngu tsun gin hka ma ai. Tinang
hkum tinang grai chyoi pra san seng dum ai ni rai ma ai. Jep
ai tara ni hpe shadik shatup hkan sa ai hku nna sha Karai
Kasang hte htinglu htinglai ganawn mazum lu ai ngu kam ma
ai. Shanhte a makam madung ni gaw:
1)
Shinggyim masha shagu a prat hpe Karai Kasang
gaw moi chyaloi n hkoi kaw nna lajang hparan da
ngut chyulu re. Rai tim shinggyim masha ni a awng
dawm shanglawt ahkang hpe jaw da ai. Karai
Kasang gaw Torah ngu ai jep ai tara ni hte shi hkum
shi shadan dan nga ai.
2)
Wenyi gaw htani htana hkrung nga lu ai. Shinggyim
masha shagu gaw bai hkrung rawt na re, Htawm
hpang prat e masha yawng gaw Karai Kasang a
man e, jeyang hkrum ra na. Mara (sh) shagrau shaa ai hkrum na.
3)
Lamu kasa hte nat ni nga ai hpe kam ma ai.

hpung wuhpawng (sects) ni ngu nna dan dawng ai hkrang


lahkawng nga ma ai.

Nawku htung tara shadik ai hku akyu hpyi ai, lu sha


gam ai, htam shi jaw bang ai (Mahte 23:23; Luka 11:42),
laban n htoi hpe hkungga la ra di ai lam ni hpe ahkyak dik hku
hkan nang hkan sa ma ai. Dai majaw hparishe malawng maga
gaw tinang hkum tinang grai dinghpring dum, ma ai. Rai tim,
Nicodemus, Arimathea Yosep ni gaw grai kaja ai, Karai
Kasang hpe teng sha hkrit hkungga ai ni rai ma ai. Yesu Hkristu
hparishe ni hpe daru sharin ai lam gaw, Krai Kasang hpe

(1) Nawku daw jau ai shara: Yu da ni hta nawku daw jau ai


lam hte seng nna, Nawku htingnu (Temple) hte tara jawng
(Synagogue) ngu nna lahkawng nga ma ai.
Nawku htingnu: - Ga Shaka Ningnan prat hta Nawku htingnu
(temple) gaw Yuda ni a nawku shara daju rai nna, dai hta alu
jaw bang ai lam hte shagu hkungga nawng ai lam ni galaw
ma ai. Mare shagu hta nga ai Yuda ni, dai nawku htingnu hta
shaning tup na poi lamang ni hpe jawm galaw law rai ma ai.
Makam masham hte seng ai sharin achyin ai lam ni mung
nawku htingnu hta galaw ma ai. Ga shaka dingsa prat na
zawn, hkinjawng ni nawku daw jau lam hte hkungga nawng ai
lam ni hpe woi awn ma ai. Shani shagu chyum laika hti ai hte
kyu hpyi ai lam ni nawku htingnu hta galaw ma ai. Jahpawt
hte shana de, lahkawng lang ahkyak madung hku hkungga
nawng ai lam galaw ma ai. Dai ngut ai hpang, hkinjawng ni
shawa masha ni hpe shaman ga tsun ma ai. Dai shaman ga
gaw, Yehowa nang hpe shaman ya nga u ga, bau sin nga u
ga, Yehowa nang hpe matsan dum lama nga u ga Yehowa
nang hpe chyeju hte ngwi pyaw simsa ai lam jaw ya nga u ga
ngu ai re. Lewi ni gaw Yehowa Karai Kasang hpe shakawn
mahkawn ni (Hymns) hte mahkawn shakawn ma ai. Poi
lamang kaba ni hta gaw shawa masha ni mung shang
mahkawn lawm lawm rai ma ai.
Tara jawng:- Babylon de bawng dung ai aten hta nawku
htingnu n lu mat ai kaw nna, tara jawng ni masat rai nawku
daw jau ai lam ni galaw ma ai. Bawng dung ai kaw na bai
lawt wa ai shaloi mung, tara jawng ni shara law law hta hpaw
tawn da ma ai. Yuda htinggaw 10 nga jang tara jawng langai

- 36 -

- 33 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

gaw gap da ma ai. Dai tara jawng ni hpe gaw nawku shara,
sharin achyin jawng, tara rung, jahkrai nmai ni hpe bau rem
ai shara shatai ma ai. Yesu Hkristu shinggyim hkum hkrang
hku asak hkrung ai aten hta mung, Yerusalem hte tsan ai shara
hkan nga ai ni, laban shani shagu tara jawng ni hta jawm
hpawng nna nawku daw jau ma ai. Chyum laika hti ai akyu
hpyi ai lam hte kalang lang tara hkaw ai, chyum laika hpe
tsun shaleng dan ai lam ni galaw ma ai.
Dum n ta: - Tinang a dum n ta hta nta masha yawng lani mi
3 lang akyu hpyi ma ai. Mungkan ting hpe hpan da ai Yehowa
Karai Kasang gaw a nga u ga, Mayam kaw nna shalawt ai,
machyi makaw kaw na makawp maga ai, lu sha jaw ya ai
lam ni hpe shakawn kung dawn let akyu hpyi ai lam galaw ma
ai.13

Maccabees ni gaw mung masa maga de yawng ai hku rawt


malan ai re majaw, hprishe ni gaw makam masham she grau
ahkyak ai ngu, Karai Kasang a tara ni hpe shadik shakut ai
hpung ni rai ma ai. BC 135 hta gaw ngang kang ai hpung hku
Yuda nawku htung hta dan hkung wa ai wuhpung rai ma ai.
Shanhte a Karai masa gaw Ga Shaka Dingsa (Moshe a tara,
myihtoi laika ni hte kaga laika ni) hta mahta nna gaw gap la
ai re nga ma ai. Rai tim, chyum laika na jep ai tara ni hpe
lachyum galaw hpyan jat ai tara, prat masa hta hkan nna
ningnan masat jat ai tara ( ngup aga hte hkai hkrat wa ai tara
hte hkringhtawng hku hkan hkrat wa ai tara) ni hpe grau
madung dat nna, hkan sa asak hkrung ai ni rai ma ai.
Ga shaka ningnan prat hta Jep ai tara ntsa Yuda
masha ni chye na hkam la ai lam masum nga ma ai. (1) Tara
kanu 10 gaw manu dan hkik hkam dik ai tara hku hkam la
nna tup hkrak hkan nang hkan sa lu hkra shakut ma ai. (2)
Pentateuch ngu ai Ga shaka dingsa a shawng na laika buk 5
hpe, ngam ai Ga Shaka Dingsa laika ni hta grau manu shadan
ma ai. (3) Chyum laika hta rawng ai jep ai tara ni hpe chyum
laika kung kyang ai chyum sara ni lachyum hpyan nna, ngup
aga hte ban hte ban tsun hkai masat hkrat wa ai tara ni hpe
mung madung dat hkan nang hkan sa ra ai tara hku hkan
nang hkan sa ma ai. Ga shadawn, laban shani hta bungli n
mai galaw ai; bungli ngu ai gaw ganing re ai arai ni hpe hpai
ai, kade daram tsan ai de hkawm sa ai hpe ngu ai re, ngu ai
tara ni bai jahkrat ma ai. Dai zawn, chyum laika na jep ai tara
ni hpe matut lachyum hpyan ai tara ni gaw n danag hti na
daram law ma ai. Dai hpe Oral law ( ngup aga hte tsun hkai
ai Karai Kasang hte seng ai jep ai tara) ngu hkam la ma ai.
Jep ai tara ni hpe prat hta hkan nna, matut lachyum hpyan
tsun masat mat wa ra ai ngu na mung, kam ma ai.

(2) Hpung wuhpawng ni: Yesu a prat hta Hparishe, Zaduke,


Essenes, Zelutu hte Samari ni gaw mying gumhkawng ai Yuda
wuhpung wuhpawng ni rai ma ai.
Hparishe ni Ga shaka ningnan prat hta hpung shang masha
law dik rai nna, daru magam rawng dik ai hpung rai ma ai.
English hku Pharisee ngu ai ga hkum gaw parash (to
separate), kaga san san re ai ngu ai ga hkum kaw na, pru wa
ai ga hkum re. Dai majaw, hparishe ngu ai gaw Yuda
wuhpawng hta kaga san rai nga ai ni ngu ai ni re. Greek ni up
hkang ai shaloi shanhte a hpara ni Yerusalem htingnu hta tawn
nna nawku shangun ai hte, wa hpe Yerusalem hte Modain
mare na Yuda nawku htingnu ni hkan na hkungri ni hta sak
nawng ai hpe ninghkap ai Maccabees rawt malan hpung ni
nga wa ai aten hte gahproi ganoi rai nga wa ai wuhpung re.
13

John W. Drane, eds., The Lion Encyclopedia of the Bible (Tring, England:
Lion Publishing plc, 1987). pp.134-135.

- 34 -

- 35 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

gasat lawm nga ai ngu myit sharawt let laja lana gumlang ai
lam ni matut galaw ma ai. Dai majaw, Roma asuya gaw AD
70 hta Jerusalem hpe n gun kaba hte htim gasat ai hte,
Yerusalem mare hpe jahten shaza kau ya ma ai.15 Zelutu hpung
ni mung shada ga li ga law , sat hkat ai lam ni shanhte a kata
byin pru wa rai, ayai aya rai mat ma ai. N kau mi bai mahkawng
nna,Yerusalem mare a sinpraw maga de nga ai panglai si
(Dead Sea) hkingau ntsa hta dap jung let 3 ning daram matut
Roma Asuya hpe gum lang ma ai. Rai tim jahtum e, shanhte
shada sat hkat ai hte htum mat masai.16

myit masin, kraw lawang, ngun lagaw ma hkra hte nawku


daw jau na malai, nawku htung tara ni hpe she grau ahkyak
shatai ai majaw re.

Walter M. Dunnett, Revised, New Testament Survey ( Leicester, England:


Inter-Varsity Press, 19870), p.43.
16
The Bible League, Revised, A Dictionary of the Myanmar Bible, 3rd add
(Yangon: The Bible League, 1994) P.130.

Zaduke ni (Sadducees)
Hkringhtawng hku hkai hkrat wa ai hta, Zaduke ngu ai
mying gaw Dawi hkawhkam hte Shawlumun hkaw hkam
a lak htak hta hkinjawng agyi tai lai wa ai Zadok a mying
hpe la kap nna, Zaduke ngu ai mying byin pru wa ai re.
Hkyin jawng agyi Zadok a ru sai ni rai nna, Yesu a aten du
hkra hkin jawng ni rai ma ai. Hparishe ni hte shingdaw
yang, n law la ai wuhpawng kaji sha re. Lusu ai hte arawng
aya kaba ai ni rai ma ai. Roma asuya a ra sharawng ai
lam ni yawng hpe hkan galaw ai ni rai nna, Roma asuya
up hkang ai hpe ra sharawng ai ni rai ma ai. Dai majaw
shanhte gaw mung masa daru magam (power) hte Yuda
ni a up hkang ai mung up salang ni hku nna mung, Herod
hkaw hkam ni a lak htak hta daw jau ai ni rai ma ai. Mawshe
a jep ai Tara ni hpe literal interpretation hku hkap la nna,
bai kahtap lachyum hpyan nna tara jahkrat la ai lam ni,
ngup aga hte matsun maroi hku hkrai hkrat wa ai tara ni
hpe n hkap la ma ai. Dai majaw Hparishe ni hte hkap la ai
lam grai shai hkat ai majaw, shada n hkuk hkat ma ai.
Hkyin jawng ni a hkan sa ra ai tara ni hte Nawku htingnu
hta hkungga nawng ai shaloi na tara ni hpe grau maju
jung let, sak hkrung ma ai. Shan hte a makam gaw Greek
ni a myit sawn ningchyoi hpa ji (philosohpy) ni hte gayau
nna kam ma ai. Dai majaw:
(1) Karai Kasang gaw shinggyim wuhpawng a labau
lasang hta shang lawm ai ngu ai hpe n hkap la ma ai.

- 40 -

- 37 -

Samari ni (Samaritans)
Samari ni ngu ai gaw Samari mung kaw nga ai ni hpe
ngu ai re. Rai tim, Ga Shaka Dingsa prat hta Samari mare
gaw dingdung Israela mung a mare daju rai nna, Israela myu
ni nga ma ai. Ga Shaka Ningnan prat hta Samari mung gaw
Palestina mung a ka-ang gin ra rai nna, Israela myu lakung
hta n lawm ai masha ni nga ai shara tai wa ai re. BC 722 hta
Asuri (Assyrians) ni Samari mare hte dingdung Israela
mungdan hpe gasat zing la let up sha ma ai. BC 722 grup yin
kaw nna, Asuri masha ni Samari dingdung Israela mare law
law kaw nga hpang wa ma sai (II Hkawhkam 17:24). Asuri
masha ni gaw Israela ni nawku ai Yehowa Karai Kasang a
ari jaw na hpe tsang ai majaw, Yehowa Karai Kasang hpe
shanhte a nawku htung hta gayau nna nawku dawjau ma ai.
Bai nna, Israela myu sha ni hte mayaw dinghku de rai, Samari
15

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

(2) Wenyi gaw htani htana hkrung nga lu ai ngu ai hpe n


kam ai.
(3) Bai hkrung rawt lam n nga ai ngu kam ma ai.
(4) Lamu kasa ni nga ai hpe n kam ma ai.
Mung masa hta Roma asuya a ra hkan nna, sut hpaga
tam la ai ni re majaw, Roma ni hte grai mahku mara ganawn
mazum let, tinang a sut gan ngang grin lam hpe madung dat
ai hpung ni rai ma ai. AD 70 ning hta Roma hpyen bu Taitas
wa Yerusalem htingnu hpe jahten sharun ai ten kaw nna,
Zaduke hpung ngu ai mung mat mat masai.
Essenes ni
Hparishe, Zaduke ni hte n bung ai hpung langai rai
ma ai. Essenes ngu ai lachyum madung hpe n chye lu tim
chyoi pra ai ni ngu ai lachyum hku hpaw ninghtan da ai
wuhpung rai ma ai. Kahpu kanau zawn rau hpawng let tara
shadik ai hpung ni rai ma ai. Yuda mung shara n kau mi hte
jum nawng makau hkan nga ma ai. Shanhte a hpung hta n
lawm ai, kaga masha ni hte n kayau ai sha san san rai nga let
tinang lu ai arung arai ni hpe shanhte a hpung kata ap da
nna, jawm jai lang ma ai. Dai majaw shanhte a hpung kaw
lawm ai masha ni yawng gaw sut gan yawng hpe jawm madu
ai ladat lang ma ai.Wuhpung kaji ni garan da nna, wuhpung
kaji shagu hta ningbaw langai hpra tawn let dai ningbaw ni
hpe grai hkungga ma ai. Marai langai ngai dai wuhpung de
shang mayu ai rai yang 3 ning tup chyam dinglik ai hkam ra
ai. Dai hpang, shanhte a sharin achyin ai lam ni hpe shanhte
a ahkang n lu ai sha, kadai hpe mung ntsun dan na re ngu,
dagam ngut jang she, shanhte a wuhpawng hta hkap la ma
ai. Labu palawng ahpraw ni hpe grai san seng ai hku bu hpun
nna rau nga, rau lu, rau sha re ai ni rai ma ai. Kun dinghku n
- 38 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

de ai, hkungga mung n nawng ma ai. Shanhte a hpung kata


hta masat da ai rip kawp tara ni hpe grai hkan shadik ai ni rai
ma ai. Yo Yo si si rai sha nga nna tara shadik let, Karai
Kasang a hpang jahtum tara dara na n htoi hte, Meshia hpe
ala nga ai hpung ni rai ma ai.
Zelutu ni (Zealots)
Judas Maccabaeus wa a rawt malan lam hpe hkring
htawng dagraw nna hpaw da ai wuhpung rai ma ai.14 Yuda
amyu sha ni a mung masa awng dawm shang lawt lu la na
matu shakut ai myu tsaw hpung ni rai ma ai. Israela amyu ni
gaw Yehowa Karai Kasang lata la ai amyu re. Dai majaw,
Yehowa Karai chyu sha Israela ni a hkawhkam re ngu hkam
la ma ai. Roma Asuya kaw ahkun hkanse jaw ai Israela myu
sha ni hpe, amyu a ntsa sadi n dung ai ni ngu masat ma ai.
Yehowa Karai Kasang gaw ga sadi tawn da ai hte maren,
Roma ni a up sha hkrum ai npu kaw na, Meshia hpe dat dat
ai hte Israela amyu ni hpe shalawt la na re ngu kam ma ai.
Meshia woi awn ai majan a matu ayan hkyen lajang da let,
lak nak, gumhpraw ni mahkawng makoi da nna Roma asuya
hpe gumlang ai ni rai ma ai. AD 66 kaw nna mare law law hta
Zelutu hpung ni woi awn ai hte Roma asuya hpe laja lana
gumlang ai lam galaw ma ai. Suri (Syria) up hkang hkaw kaw
na, Cestius Gallus ngu ai wa hpe dat kasa shatai let,
Yerusalem hpe wang shinggrup nna, gumlang ai lam ni hpe
shazim shangun wu ai. Rai tim, Cestius Gallus wa shi a hpyen
ma ni hte ayai aya rai hting nut mat wa ma ai. Dai hpe Zelutu
ni gaw Yehowa Karai Kasang shanhte hpang de lawm nna
14

John W. Drane, eds., The Lion Encyclopedia of the Bible (Tring, England:
Lion Publishing plc, 1987), p.134.
- 39 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

tara a majaw, tara maigan ni hte ganawn mazum htinglu


htinglai rai, hpaga yamga ga ai lam nau n galaw ma ai.
Shanhte a kan bau amu madung gaw, nga hkwi sha ai hte yi
sun hkauna amu sha rai ma ai. Galile nawng gaw, Yuda ni a
matu nga hkwi sha shara re. Dai aten hta mayam yam ai
htung mung nga ai. Mayam madu ni gaw tinang a mayam ni
hpe adip arip rai shangun sha ai hte, mayam ni hprawng jang
tinang ra ai hku zingri ai aten mung re. Shawng ning nan
Hkristan tai wa ai ni law malawng gaw mayam ni hte matsan
masha ni rai ma ai. Shawng ningnan na Yerusalem mare na
Hkristan nawku hpung mung matsan masha ni hte de da ai
nawku hpung rai ma ai.19

Eh Wah , New Testament Introduction, Lecture Note fot B.Th course,


Myanmar Institute of Theology,Insein, 1993. P.6.

ga hta nga nan mat ma ai. Dai hku nna, Samari ni ngu ai myu
sha ningnan langai hku nga pra wa ai rai ma ai (II Hkawhkam
17:25-33). Samari ni gaw sai kayau ai hte makam masham
mung kayau nna nawku ai ni re majaw, Yuda ni hte dingkren
ai lam (tension) grau grau kaba wa ma ai. BC 612 hta Babylon
ni ngun ja wa ai hte, Asuri ni hpe gasat dang la ma ai. Dai
majaw, Samari ni mung Babylon ni a up ai n pu du mat ma ai.
Israela dingda daw rai nga ai Yuda mung gaw Babylon ni a
lata hta hkrat sum nna, Yuda ni Babylon de bawng dung mat
wa ma ra ai. Rai tim BC 539 hta Pasi (Persia) ni bai ngun ja
wa ai majaw, Babylon ni hpe bai gasat dang kau ai hte, Yuda
ni hpe tinang a buga de bai wa nna Yerusalem mare hte nawku
htingnu bai wa gaw gap na matu ahkang jaw ma ai. Dai aten
ni hta Samari ni gaw Yerusalem makau grup yin hkan mung
nga nga ma ai. Samari ni Yuda ni hpe Yerusalem mare hte
nawku htingnu ni gaw gap ai lam hta karum la na ngu nna
tsun ai shaloi, Yuda ningbaw ningla ni gaw, shanhte a Yuda
nawku htung hpe shang shanut kayau kau ya na tsang ai majaw
n hkap la ma ai (Ezra 4:1-3). Dai majaw Samari ni, Yuda ni a
gaw gap lam ni hpe hkan ninghkap ai lam ni galaw wa ma ai
(Ezra 4:4-24; Neh 4:1-23). Yuda ni a nawku htung ni, n san n
seng ai lam ni byin pru hkra, Yuda ni hpe lam amyu myu hku
hkalem shakut ai sha nga, Yuda hte Samari ni sai kayau ma
na hku nummawn numla lam ni Yuda hte Samari ni lapran law
wa hkra shakut ma ai. Dai majaw Yerusalem mare na mung
up salang Nehemia gaw Yuda amyu sha n re ai ni, n jet ai ni
hpe Yerusalem mare kaw nna, gau shapraw kau wu ai (Neh
13:1-9, 23-31).
Dai rai nna, Samari ni gaw shanhte a sari madun ai
hku nna, Shechem mare makau na, Gerizim bum kaw nawku
htingnu gaw gap nna, shanhte Samari ni a nawku shara shatai

- 44 -

- 41 -

19

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

ma ai. Dai lam gaw, Yuda ni hte Samari ni a lapran n ju n


dawng lam grau kaba wa shangun ai lam tai lai wa masai.
Yuda ni gaw Samari ni hpe awu asin rai mat sai ni, n chyoi
pra mat sai ni ngu masat let, shanhte hpe koi ma ai.
Ga Shaka Dingsa na, Moshe ka ai shawng na laika
buk 5 hpe shanhte a makam masham hte seng ai chyum laika
hku masat nna, dai kaw na sharin shaga ai lam ni hpe hkan
shadik shatup ma ai. Ga Shaka Dingsa na kaga laika buk ni
hpe n hkap la ma ai. Karai Kasang langai sha nga ai ngu ai
hpe kam sham ai sha nga, Moshe langai hkrai sha dai Karai
Kasang a myihtoi re ngu hkam la ma ai. Moshe a jep ai tara
ni sha Yehowa a tengman ai mungga majing re ngu hkam la
let, Gerizim bum sha dai langai sha re ai Karai Kasang hpe
nawku daw jau shara re ngu masat da ma ai (Tara Jahprang
27:12; Yawhan 4:9,20).
Ga Shaka Ningnan prat hta Roma asuya gaw
Mediterranean panglai hkingau ntsa de da ai Caesarea mare
kaw up hkang daju shatai let,Yuda hte Samari mung hpe
gumhpawn nna up ma ai. Dai ni du hkra Shechem mare
makau hkan, moi na Samari nawku htung hpe nawku ai
wuhpawng kaji ni naw nga ma ai.17

shatup hkan nang ai ni mung rai ma ai. Ga shaka dingsa prat


hta gaw chyum laika sara (sh) tara sara ni gaw hkinjawng ni
rai ma ai. Babylon kaw bawng dung ai kaw na wa ai hpang
hte Ga Shaka Ningnan prat hta gaw hkinjawng ni n rai sai
sha, yu maya Yuda masha ni hta na, chyum laika ni hpe kung
kyang hkra sharin hka ja da ai ni, rai ma ai. Shanhte gaw: (1)
Jep ai tara ni hpe lachyum hpyan dan let sharin achyin ya ai
lam (2) dai tara ni hpe shani shagu hkan sa lu hkra matsun ai
hte ta tut hkan sa lu hkra woi shakut ai lam ni galaw ma ai.
Hpang daw de gaw, chyum laika ni hpe mazing sumhting ai
lit hpe mung la ma ai. Greek ga hte htunghking ningli ni,
Palistina mung de ka-up bang wa ai shaloi, jep ai tara ni hpe
makawp maga ai myu tsaw ningbaw ningla ni hku, shawa
masha ni a hkungga ai lam hpe lu la da ai ni rai ma ai. Shawa
masha ni gaw shanhte hpe Rabbi ( nye sara, nye madu) ngu
shaga ma ai. Dai majaw, myit tsaw myit dap, ladu lai chyoi
pra dum, jep ai tara ni hpe chye dum, ai majaw Yesu shanhte
hpe daru kau ai rai nga ai (Mahte 23).18

Chyum Laika Sara Ni (sh) Tara Sara Ni


Jep ai tara ni hpe kungkyang ai hpaji mu nu
(professional scholar) ni rai ma ai. Ga shaka dingsa prat kaw
nna nga ai ni rai ma ai. Myihtoi ni a mungga ni hpe ka ya ai
hte, Babylon kaw bawng dung nga ai shaloi chyum laika ni
hpe ka hpang ai ni rai ma ai. Moshe a tara ni hpe shadik

(C) Kanawn Mazum Masa Hte Sut Masa


(Social and Economic Background)
Ga shaka Ningnan prat hta Roma Asuya up hkang ai kata
e, mungdan ni gaw ngwi pyaw sim sa let, hkrun lam kaja ai
majaw hpaga yamga ga na matu, hkawm sa hkawm wa grai
hkrak ai aten re. Rai tim, Yuda ni gaw shanhte a ja la ai htung
18

17

Don Fleming, Compiled., Bible Knowledge Dictionary (Brisbane: Bridgeway


Publications, 1990), Pp, 387-388.
- 42 -

Everett F. Harrison, Bakers Dictionary of Theology (Grand Rapids Michigan:


Baker Book House, 1994), Pp, 475-476.

- 43 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

hkrang hte naw asak hkrung ai aten hta myi chyaw mu ai ni


hte, myi chyaw mu ai ni tsun dan ai hpe bai matut ginlen hkai
dan hkat ai hku nna, kabu gara shi ga hpe shachyam shabra
ma ai. Dai aten ni hta gaw, Yesu Hkristu a si hkam ai hte bai
hkrung rawt ai lam gaw agahtet hpoi hpoi sha naw re ai majaw,
laika buk hku ka da na rai n myit hkawn lu shi ai aten rai ma
ai. Dai n gup aga hte len shalai ai kabu gara shi ga hta lawm
ai lam ni gaw: (a) Ga shaka dingsa na myihtoi ni hku nna,
Karai Kasang shi a amyu Israela hpe tau tsun da ai lam dik
wa ai lam ni lawm ai. (b) Dawi a aru arat kaw na, Meshia paw
pru na ngu myihtoi ni htawn tsun ai mungga gaw dik wa sai.
Dai meshia gaw Nazaret wa Yesu re ngu ai lam ni lawm ai.
(c) Yesu Hkristu gaw Karai Kasang a mungdan a lam htawn
tsun ai hta, Karai Kasang a amying ningsang hte, machyi
makaw ni hpe shamai shatsai ai, nat ni hpe shaden kau ai,
mai kaja ai amu galaw ai lam ni hte shadan shadawng dan ai
lam ni rawng nga ai. (d) Karai Kasang shatawng shada ai
hte maren, Yesu Hkristu gaw wudang hta jen sat kau hklrum
sai hte bai hkrung rawt wa sai lam, Karai Kasang a hkra maga
de shagrau sha-a ai hkrum nu ai lam, shi gaw tara dara na
matu bai du sa na ra ai lam, Yesu hpe kam sham nna myit
malai hkalup hkam la ai ni mara raw dat ai chyeju hpe hkam
la lu na re lam ni lawm nga ai.
Myi chyaw mu ai ni hta na n kau mi, Yesu hta yup pyaw
mat wa magang ai shaloi she, laika hkum hku gabu gara shi
ga ni hpe ka da ra sai ngu hkam la let, laika hkum ni hte ka da

HKRISTAN MAKAM MASHAM HTA MATUT


JAI LANG AI YUDA MAKAM
HKRINGHTAWNG NI

- 48 -

1. Chyum Laika : - Shawng ningnan na Hkrsitan ni gaw


Yuda masha ni rai ma ai majaw, Yuda nawku htung kaw lang
ai chyum laika ( dai ni a Ga Shaka Dingsa) hte de a sharin
achyin ai lam hta mahta nna asak hkrung ma ai. Yuda nawku
htung hte shai ai lam gaw, Yesu Hkristu hpe myihtoi ni tsun da
ai hkye la madu Meshia re ngu nna hkap la kam sham ai lam
re.
2. Karai Kasang: - Yuda nawku htung hta kam sham ai, langai
sha re ai Karai Kasang hpe Hkristan ni mung kam sham hkap
la ai. Dai Karai Kasang gaw nga yawng dang hta hpe hpan
hpajang ai wa, chyoi pra ai wa rai nna, shinggyim masha
shagu, Shi zawn chyoi pra san seng na hpe ra sharawng ai
wa re lam kam sham ai lam hta mung bung ai. Rai tim, Yuda
ni gaw Yesu Hkrsitu hpe shinggyim hkum hkrang dagraw ai
Karai hku n hkap la ma ai.
3. Arawn Alai Hte Seng Ai Tara Ni:- Yuda ni a jep ai tara ni
gaw mara n kap ai masha, Karai Kasang sharawng awng ai
masha tai na matu re. Jep ai tara yawng a ru di madung gaw
tara kanu 10 rai ma ai. Tara kanu 10 hta kaga hkan sa ra ai
tara ni law law mung nga ma ai. Yu maya Yuda ni hkan sa ra
ai tara hte, hkinjawng ni hkan sa ra ai nawku htung hte seng

- 45 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

ai tara ni mung law law nga ma ai. Ga Shaka Ningnan prat


hta Yuda ni jai lang ai jep ai tara 613 nga ma ai. Hkum galaw,
koi gam ra ai ngu ai baw tara 365 hte; galaw u, galaw ra ai
ngu ai tara 248 rai ma ai. Hkristan ni Ga Shaka Dingsa na
tara kanu shi hte jep ai tara ni hpe hkan nang hkan sa tim,
Yesu hte kasa ni sharin achyin ai hku she jai lang hkan sa ma
ai. Yesu gaw, nawku htung shadik ai hku jep ai tara ni hpe
shadik shakut ai hpe daru sharin wu ai. Kasa Pawlu mung,
Jep ai tara hpe hkan shadik ai hku nna hkye hkrang la ai lam
lu la na shakut ai gaw shut ai, Yesu Hkristu hpe tinang a hkye
la madu hku kam sham ai hku nna sha, lu la mai ai lam sharin
achyin wu ai. Hkristan asak hkrung lam gaw Karai Kasang
hpe tsaw ra hkungga ai hte, Shi a ga ni hpe madat mara let
asak hkrung ai lam re.
4. Nawku Daw Jau Ai Ladat: - Yuda nawku htung hta
Yerusalem nawku htingnu hte tara jawng ni hkan alu bang ai
lam ni, hkungga nawng ai lam ni galaw ma ai. Dai lai ladat ni
hpe, Hkristan ni matut hkringhtawng dagraw la ma ai. Rai
tim, du sat ni hpe hkungga nawng ai lam n galaw ai sha, Kasa
pawlu tsun sharin ai zawn, tinang a asak hkrung lam hpe
hkrung nga ai hkungga hku, Karai Kasang a man e hkrung ra
ai ngu tsun sharin ma ai. Nawku daw jau ai shaloi lang ai
ladat rai nga ai Chyum laika hti ai, mungga htawn ai, akyu
hpyi ai, mahkawn shakawn ai, hte alu bang ai lam ni hpe,
Hkristan ni mung matut jai lang ma ai.
**********

- 46 -

KABU GARA SHI GA


LAIKA A
SHINGDU NA
MATSUN MAROI NI
(Tradition behind the Gospel)

abu gara shi ga ngu ai gaw, Greek ga euangelion


ngu ai kaw na byin pru wa ai re. Ga si a lachyum
madung gaw kabu gara gun sa ai wa hpe, shawang
kum hpa hku jaw ai amying re. Hpang daw de gaw kabu
gara shi ga ngu lachyum htai ma ai. Ga shaka ningnan hta
gaw Yesu Hkristu shi nan mungkan ga de kabu gara shi ga
tai let du sa ai re ai majaw, Shi nan kabu gara shiga byin tai
wa sai. Dai majaw, Yesu Hkristu a lam ni hpe ka da ai laika ni
rai nga ai Mahte, Marku, Luka hta Yawhan laika ni hpe kabu
gara shi ga ngu shamying ma ai.
Rai tim dai kabu gara shi ga laika Mahte, Marku, Luka,
Yawhan laika ni hpe, Yesu Hkristu si ai hpang 30- 60 ning din
ai hpang she, laika hkrang hku ka da ma ai. Dai hpe rai n ka
da lu shi ai laman gaw n gup aga hte sha, Yesu Hkristu a
sharin achyin ai lam ni hte, Yesu Hkristu a hkye hkrang la ai
lam hpe tsun hkai ginlen hkat ma ai. Yesu shinggyim hkum
- 47 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

John Mark gaw Greek ga shaga ai tara maigan (Yuda n re ai


ni) a matu yaw shada nna ka da ai re. Dai ni gaw, Palistina
mung kaw nga ai ni n re ai majaw Aramaic, Hebrew ga ni hte
Yuda ni a htung lai len ni hpe n chye ai ni rai ma ai. John Mark
gaw dai ni a matu Yesu Hkristu a hkye hkrang la ai kabu gara
shi ga hpe sakse hkam dan ai hku nna Marku laika hpe ka
da ai rai nga ai.

hpang wa ma ai. Chyum ninghkrin ni tsun ai hku nga yang,


Marku laika gaw shawng ningnan ka da ai kabu gara shi ga
laika re.

KABU GARA SHI GA LAIKA


NI A
YAW SHADA AI LAM

Marku Laika Hpe Ka Ai Shara Hte Shaning (Place and


Date)
Petru hpe AD 64 ning hta Nero hkaw seng wa Hkristan
ni hpe zingri zingrat ai aten hta, sat kau ai re. Dai majaw,
matsun maroi hku tsun hkai hkrat wa ai hta Marku laika hpe
kasa Petru si ai hpang ka da ai ngu kam ma ai. Marku laika
daw kaba 13 hta Yerusalem nawku htingnu hten za mat na
lam tau hkrau tsun da ai lam lawm ai hpe yu yang, Marku
laika hpe AD 65-70 lapran, Roma mare kaw ka ai re ngu
sawn la lu ga ai. Hpa majaw nga yang Yerusalem htingnu
gaw AD 70 hta jahten kau hkrum ai majaw re.23

Raymond E. Brown, eds., The Jerome Biblical Commentary ( NJ: prentice


Hall, Inc, 1968), P.22.

abu gara shi ga ni yawng gaw, Yesu Hkristu a lam hpe


labau kadun hte hpawn ka masat da ai laika ni re. Rai
tim, labau sara langai labau sawk sagawn ai ladat hku,
labau hpe madung dat ka da ai laika ni gaw n re. Labau masa
hpaji ninghkrin langai, masha langai a prat labau hpe ka masat
da ai ladat hku ka da ai laika ni mung n re. Yesu shi a sasana
magam bungli rai n galaw shi yang na Yesu a prat labau kadun
kachyi myi hpe sha tang madun nna, Nazaret wa Yesu gaw
shinggyim masha ni hpe yubak a ningsin kaw na hkye hkrang
la ai madu Yesu Hkristu re ai lam, Nazaret wa Yesu gaw Karai
Kasang a kasha re ai lam (Marku 1:1) sakse hkam ai hku ka
da ai laika ni she re. Hti la, na la ai ni yawng Yesu hpe kam
sham wa nna htani htana asak lu la na matu yaw shada ai hte
ka da ai laika ni rai ma ai (Yawhan 20:31). Chyum laika ni
hpe ka ai laika ka ai sara ni gaw Yesu Hkristu a lam hpe,
tinang htawn tsun dan mayu ai shawa masha ni a labau masa
hta hkan nna, ga hkrang masa ni hpe ti nang manu dum ai
hku lang let, sakse hkam dan ai ladat hte ka da ma ai.
**********

- 52 -

- 49 -

Dai Pawt Dai Hpang Hku Lang Ai Lam Ni (Sources)


Gara hku nna Yesu a lam hte, Yesu galaw ai magam
bungli ni hpe Marku chye la ai ngu ai hpe sagawn yu ai shaloi,
Petru a sharin achyin hkai dan ai kaw na law malawng lu la ai
re ngu, chye lu ga ai. Hpa majaw nga yang, Petru gaw Marku
hpe ngai sha Marku (I Petru 5:13) ngu tsun ai hpe yu ai
23

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

MARKU
LAIKA A LAM
(The Gospel According to MARK)

a shaka ningnan gaw Mahte laika hte hpang ai rai


tim, Marku laika gaw Mahte, Luka, Yawhan laika ni a
shawng e ka ai laika re lam chyum ninghkrin ni sawk
sagawn da ma ai.

Marku Laika Hpe Ka Ai Wa (The Author)


Kadai ka ai ngu ai hpe Marku laika hta adan aleng n
ka da ai. Chyum labau sak sagawn ai sara ni yawng ngu na
wa, Marku laika hpe John Mark ngu ai wa ka ai ngu sawk
sagawn da ma ai. John Mark gaw Yerusalem mare hta nga
ai wa re. ( Kasa 12:12). Lu su ai gaida num a kasha rai nna,
shan nu ni a nta gaw sape ni hte kam sham ai hpung masha
ni a hkrum zup shara, jawm akyu hpyi nawku daw jau ai shara
re (Kasa 12).20 Shi a kahpu kanau daw ai Banabas wa shi
hpe sasana bungli hta shang lawm na matu woi lakawn la ai
kaw nna, sasana bungli ni hpe gun hpai hpang wa ai wa re.
Banabas yan Pawlu a shawng nnan lang na sasana hkrun

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

lam hta shang lawm sai (Kasa13:5). Cyprus kaw Pawlu yan
Banabas nga ai aten hta John Mark mung dai kaw rau nga
wu ai; rai tim, Pawlu yan Banabas Cyprus kaw nna Asia Minor
de matut hkawm mat wa ai shaloi shan kaw n hkan nang sai
sha Yerusalem mare de bai n htang wa wu ai (13:13). Dai
majaw hpang na sasana hkrun lam hkan Banabas gaw John
Mark hpe woi mayu ai rai tim, Kasa Pawlu n hkraw wu ai
(Kasa 15:37-39). Dai majaw Banabas gaw Kasa Pawlu a
lahkawng lang na sasana hkrun lam hta n hkan nang sai sha,
John Mark hte rau Cyprus de sasana hkrun lam hkawm ma
ai ( Kasa 15:37-39). Rai tim, 10 ning daram na ai hpang,
Pawlu hte Roma mare kaw rau sasana bungli bai galaw ai
sha n-ga, Kasa Pawlu htawng rawng nga ai aten e John Mark
daw jau wu ai (Kolose 4:10). II Timohti 4:11 hta gaw Sasana
bungli a matu htuk manu ai wa re ngu John Mark hpe Kasa
Pawlu tsun shagrau da ai hpe mu lu ai.21
Bai nna John Mark gaw Petru hte mung rau sasana
bung li galaw ai wa re ngu ngai sha Marku ngu Petru tsun ai
hpe la kap nna chye lu ga ai ( II Petru 5:13). Matsun maroi hku
tsun hkai hkrat wa ai ga ni hta, John Mark gaw Kasa Petru
Roma mare e nga ai aten ga byan ya ai wa hku ap nawng
daw jau ai wa re nga ai. Hpang e Kasa Petru htawng rawng
mat ai hpang, Roma mare na kam sham ai hpung masha ni
gaw John Mark hpe shi hka ja da ai, kasa Petru hkaw tsun ai
kabu gara shi ga yawng hpe azin ayang ka da ya na matu
hpyi shawn ma ai. Dai majaw John Mark gaw Marku laika
hpe Roma mare e nga nna ka da ai re ngu chye lu ga ai.22
21

20

John Stot, Men With A Message: An Introduction to the New Testament


and its Writers (St. Emunds: Evangelical Literature Trust, 1996), p.14.

- 50 -

Merril C. Tenney, New Testament Survey (Leicester, England: Inter-Varsity


Press, 1987),p.161.
22
Eh Wah , New Testament Introduction, Lecture Note fot B.Th course,
Myanmar Institute of Theology,Insein, 1993. P.8.
- 51 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

13. Herod wa hkalup sara Yawhan a baw daw kau ai lam


(6:7-29)
14. Masha 5000 hpe muk daw jaw ai lam (6:30-44)
15. Yesu nawng n tsa e hkawm ai lam
(6:45-56)
16. Hparishe ni hte seng ai matsun maroi lam (7:1-23)
17. Yesu Turu hte Sidon mare ni hta shamai ya ai lam (7:2437)
18. Masha 4000 hpe muk daw ai lam (8:1-10)
19. Hparishe ni lamik kumla hpyi ai lam (8:11-21)
20. Betsaida kaw na myi kyaw ai wa hpe shamai ai lam
(8:22-26)
21. Keserea hpilipi mare kaw Petru Yesu hpe yin la ai lam
(8:27-9:1)
22. Yesu hpraw nsam galai wa ai lam (9:2-13)
23. Ma mu mu ai ma hpe shamai ai lam (9:14-29)
24. Kadai grau kaba ai lam (9:30-50)

shaloi, Petru hte grai ni htep ai hku, hku hkau ai hte, Petru
kaw na Yesu a lam law law chye la lu ai re ngu htai la lu ga ai.
Bai Marku yan nu a nta gaw sape ni hte shawng na
Hkristan ni a shingbyi shara, nawku daw jau shara re ai majaw,
kaga Yesu a sape ni hte Yesu a lam myi chyaw mu ai ni hkai
dan ai kaw na mung, law law chye la lu mai ai. Dai hta grau
nna, Yesu a hpang jahtum na Yerusalem na mabyin ni yawng
hpe, shi nan myi chyaw mu ai wa re ai majaw dai lam ni hte
kapyawn nna, Marku laika hpe ka da ai re ngu chye la lu ga
ai.

III.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Yerusalem de myiman yawng sa wa ai lam


(10:1-52)
Num jahka ai hte seng ai lam (10:1-12)
Yesu ma ni hpe shaman ya ai lam
(10:13-16)
Lusu ai ni Karai Kasang a mungdan shang na yak ai
lam (10:17-31)
Grau mayu ai wa yawng a shangun ma tai u ga
(10:32-45)
Myi kyaw ai Bartim-yas hpe shamai ai lam
(10:46-52)

- 56 -

Marku Laika Ka Ai Shaloi Na Mabyin Masa (Occasion) :


AD 64 hta Roma mare kaba wan hkru ai majaw, ganoi
mare ting ngu na wa hten za mat ai. Dai wan hpe Hkristan ni
jahkru ai re ngu, Hkristan ni hpe n ju n dawng ai ni tsun
shawawm ma ai. Hpa majaw nga yang Hkristan ni gaw lak
lai ai asak hkrung lam hte, aten man man jawm hpawng nawku
daw jau ai hpe yu n rawn ma ai. Dai majaw Nero hkawhkam
wa, Roma mare na Hkristan ni hpe rim la ai hte zingri ai lam
ni, galaw wu ai. Hkristan n kau mi sat kau ai hkrum ma ai. Dai
majaw, Roma mare na Hkristan ni hta makam masham hte
seng nna, myit ung ang nga ai aten re. Shanhte hpe Karai
Kasang kabai da kau sai kun? (sh) shanhte hpe Karai Kasang
n lu makawp maga la sai kun? ngu ai ga san ni nga wa ai
majaw, Yesu Hkristu hpe nyet kau nna, Roma hpara ni (sh)
Hkaw seng ni hpe nawku ai htung (emperor worship) de gale
mat ma na tsang ra ai aten re.
Shanhte Hkristan ni shada rau hkrum zup let, Karai
Kasang hpe nawku daw jau ai lam hte, shada n-gun atsam
jaw hkat rai, shanhte hkrum hkra nga ai zingri zingrat lam kaw
- 53 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

na, Karai Kasang tengman ai hku je yang ya na matu ala nga


ai aten mung re. Dai Hkristan hpung hta Yerusalem mare na
John Mark ngu ai wa gaw ningbaw ningla langai hku woi awn
nga ai aten re. Dai majaw, John Mark wa hku nna Kaning re
ai byin da masa hta rai tim, ngang kang ai makam masham
hte Karai Karai hpe kam sham ra ai lam, Yesu Hkristu a lam
sakse hkam let Roma mare na hpung masha ni hpe n-gun
jaw ai lam rai nga ai.

hpang, aten na wa ai hte maren, Yesu a hpang hkan ai ni,


Yesu a lam grau chye na wa ma ti mung, Yesu hpe ninghkap
ai ni gaw Yesu hpe grau n ju n dawng ma ai lam kada ai.
Hpang jahtum daw hta gaw, Yesu bai hkrung rawt ai lam,
sum sing lamu de lung mat wa ai lam ni hte hpung dim da ai
re.

Marku Laika A Lak Lai Ai Lam Ni


1. Yu maya masha langai chye na na matu yuyu si si hte
kadun ai hku ka da nga ai.
2. Yesu sharin ya ai lam ni hta, Yesu galaw ai lam ni hpe
grau madung dat ai.
3. Yesu gaw shinggyim masha majing rai nna, num ni,
ma ni, wuhpawng a matu amu bungli galaw ai ni, yubak
mara lu ai ni hpe tsawra ai, ngu ka da ai.
4. Yesu gaw yawng a akyu ara a matu tsin yam tsin dam
hkam sha ai wa ngu ka da nga ai.
5. Yesu a ma kaji prat hpe n ka da ai.
Marku Laika Hta Rawng Ai Lam Ni (Contents)
Marku laika gaw Yesu a asak hkrung lam hpe, kadun
dik ai hku ading tawk Yesu hpa galaw lai wa sai ngu ai hpe
sakse hkam ai hku ka da ai laika re. Hkalup sara Yawhan a
lam, Yesu hkalup hkam la ngut ai hpang tsadan a agung alau
hkrum ai lam hte, ga hpaw let tsun dan hpang wa ai re. Dai
hpang, Yesu a sharin achyin ai lam ni hte, machyi makaw
hkrum ai ni hpe shamai shatsai ai lam ni ka mat wa ai. Dai
- 54 -

I. Ga hpaw:
1. Yesu a kabu gara shiga
(1:1-13)
2. Hkalup sara Yawhan a lam
(1:1-8)
3. Yesu hkalup hkam la ai lam hte, tsadan gunglau ai lam
(1:9-13)
II. Galile mung e sasana amu galaw ai lam (1:14-9:5)
1. Shawng n nan na sape ni hpe shaga la ai lam
(1:114-20)
2. Yesu sharin shaga ai hte machyi shamai ai lam
(1:21-45)
3. Hkum katsing si ai wa hpe shamai ai lam
(2:1-12)
4. Lewi hpe shaga la ai lam
(2:13-17)
5. Lu sha gam ai lam, laban ban ai lam ga san (2:18-3:16) 6.
Sape marai 12 hpe lata la ai lam (3:7-19)
7. Bezebula nat kap ai ngu Yesu hpe mara shagun ai
(3:20-35)
8. Ga shadawn hte sharin ya ai (4:1-34)
9. Nbung laru hpe jasim kau ai lam (4:35-42)
10. Geresaret nawng na nat kap ai wa (5:1-20)
11. Tara jawng agyi Ya-iru a shayi sha hte sai htaw machyi ai
num hpe shamai ai (5:21-43)
12. Yesu shi a mare de nhtang du ai lam (6:1-6)

- 55 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

ai; Hparishe ni, Zaduke ni, Hkinjawng agyi ni a jahpoi asawng


ai hte asak hpe gyam sat ai lam hkrum ai; Pilat hkaw hkam
wa a man hta jeyang hkrum ai hte wu dang hta jen sat hkrum
ai re (15:1-20). Rai tim Yesu gaw jam jau jam hkau chyum
sha lam (suffering) hte si hkrum ra ai lam ni hpe n ning dang
kau ai. Karai Kasang gaw sadi dung kang ka ai asak hkrung
lam a matu hkam jan lu ai atsam hte, bai hkrung rawt ai ngu
ai awng dang lam hpe lajang ya nga ai lam (16:6-7) n-gun
jaw ai re. Bai nna, Yesu a hkrung rawt ai lam a sakse gaw,
Karai Kasang hpe kam sham ai ni a matu, jam jau jam hkau
hkam sha lam, jahpoi asawng lam, si hkrung si htan lam ni
gaw jahtum n re, hkrat sum lam n re, awng dang lam she re
ngu sakse hkam da ai re. Yesu gaw hkrung nga ai wa re ai
hte maren, hprawng bra ayai mat yu sai, sape ni hpe Galilee
kaw bai mahkawng la nna ( 14:28; 16:7), zingri zingrat lapran
kaw matut sakse hkam lu ai atsam jaw ya ai re. Jam jau jam
hkau hkrum sha ai Meshia gaw shi a hpung shingkang hpe
dai ni, myi hte mu mada ai sadi dung kang ka ai nawku hpung
ni hku nna shadan dan nga ai. Dai majaw, ru yak jam jau lam
kaw na sha shalawt ai gaw mahtai kaja n re. Mahtai kaja
gaw, ngang kang ai makam masham hte Yesu Hkristu hpe
Karai Kasang a kasha, hkye hkrang la ai madu hku kam sham
nga na lam she re. Ru yak jamjau lam yawng hpe ngang kang
ai makam masham hte awng dang lu ai lam she makam
masham a mahtai kaja re ngu ngun jaw ai mungga re.
**********

- 60 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

IV.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.

Sadi maja nga na lam ni hpe sharin shaga ai lam


(11:1-13:37)
Madu Yesu lawze kasha jawn nna Yerusalem mare de
shang wa ai lam
(11:1-11)
Yesu Yerusalem nawku htingnu e sharin shaga ai lam
(11:12-19)
Yesu sape ni hpe kam sham myit jat ya ai lam
(11:20-26)
Hkinjawng hte Tara sara ni hpe mau mat shangun ai
lam (11:27-33)
Tsabyi sun ga shadawn (12:1-12)
Kehta hte seng ai Kehta hpe jaw u ngu ai ga shadawn
a lam (12:13-17)
Bai hkrung rawt ai ten hta num la num ya n nga ai lam
(12:18-27)
Kaba dik ai hkang da ai lam (12:28-34)
Yesu gaw gade a kasha re ngu ai ga san hte gaida
num a alu bang ai lam(12:35-44)
Jahtum ten ni wa yang na kumla ni a lam (13:1-31)
Ten shagu hta maja nga ra na lam (13:32-37)

V. Yesu si ai hte bai hkrung rawt wa ai lam (14-16)


1.
Yesu hpe sa gyam ai lam (14:1-2)
2.
Yesu hpe manam pyaw ai sau hte chya ya ai lam
(14:3-9)
3.
Yuda Iskarut Yesu hpe nyet kau ai lam
(14:10-11)
4.
Jahtum shana shat sha poi (14:12-25)
5.
Getseman sun kaw Yesu hpe rim la ai lam(14:26-52)
6.
Petru Yesu hpe nyet kau ai lam
(14:53-72)
7.
Yesu hpe Roma ni je yang ai lam (15:1-15)

- 57 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

8.
9.
10.

Asawng asang di nna wudang hta jen sat ai


(15:16:21)
Makoi mayang ai lam (15:22-47)
Bai hkrung rawt wa ai hte dan pru ai lam (16:1-20)

Karai Masa Mungga (Theological Message) :


Roma mung masha ni gaw, myit mang ai (thought) hta
ta tut hkrang shapraw asak hkrung ai (actions) hpe grau myit
shang sha nna kasi yu asak hkrung ai ni rai ma ai. Dai majaw,
Marku gaw Yesu Hkristu hpe myit sawn ning chyoi hku n tang
dan ai sha, ngun atsam hpung shingkang rawng ai bungli
galaw masha ( the mighty Worker) hku tang madun ai re. Yesu
hpa tsun sharin ai ngu ai hta, Yesu hpa galaw lai wa sai ngu
ai hpe, madung sakse hkam ka da ai lam rai lu ai. Ta tut asak
hkrung lam hku, mungkan a shingra tara masa yawng hpe
awng dang ai asak hkrung ai Karai re ngu, tang madun ai
lam re. Dai majaw, Marku laika hta Yesu gaw kade a aru arat
re lam ni n hkai dan ai, shangai chying hkai wa ai lam mung n
hkai ai sha, hka lup hkam la ai kaw na hpang nna, Karai
Kasang a mungdan hte seng ai sasana bungli galaw mat wa
ai lam ni hpe sha sakse hkam dan ai re. Hpa majaw nga
yang, Roma masha ni a matu, Yuda ni zawn aru arat hkai ai,
labau gawn ai, ga shaka dingsa na chyum ga ni hte la kap
nna sang lang dan ai, jep ai tara hkan shadik ai ngu ai lam ni
gaw, akyu n nga ai. Dai lam ni shanhte a matu jasam she re.
Shanhte a matu gaw ta tut shinggyim masha langai, shingra
tara kata kaw sadi dung kangka ai hte atsam marai dat let,
galaw ai lam ni hpe she myit shang sha ai ni rai ma ai. Dai
majaw, Marku laika hta Yesu gaw daru magam hpung

- 58 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

shingkang rawng tim, shangun ma hku Karai Kasang a


mungdan a lam htawn tsun nna, shinggyim masha yawng hpe
galaw daw ya ai hte, hkye mawai shaw la na matu, shi hkum
shi gawng lamai hkungga tai nna, shi a asak hpe jau kau na
matu du sa ai wa re. Rai tim bai hkrung rawt ai hte, kam sham
ai ni yawng hpe hkye mawai la nga ai ngu, htawn tsun ai kabu
gara shiga rai nga ai.
Marku laika hta Yesu Hkristu gaw Karai Kasang a
kasha (the Son of God) re (1:1) ngu ai hte hpang nna, Yesu a
sasana bungli n pawt hpang ai kaw nna, bai hkrung rawt ai
du hkra Karai hpung shingkang hte re ai shinggyim masha,
Karai shangun dat ai Meshia, ngu shaleng dan da nga ai.
Yesu a hkalup hkam la ai kaw nna , Wenyi gaw hkrudu zawn,
shi a ntsa e yu wa ai hte nang gaw nye tsaw ra ai, Kasha rai
nga ndai; nang hta ngai sharawng awng n ngai law (1:1011) ngu nna, Karai Kasang a alak myi re ai sasana magam
bungli a matu du sa ai wa re ngu sang lang da nga ai. Yesu a
hkawhkam hpung shingkang hpe tsin yam hkam sha ai
shangun ma (suffering servant) hku shadan ai re ngu, Ga
Shaka Dingsa chyumga ni hte, Dawi a aru arat kaw na paw
pru ai Mashia, Yehowa a shangun ma hku sang lang dan wu
ai (Marku 1:11; Shakawng Kungdawn 2:7; Esaia 42:1).
Sumsing lamu mungdan hte seng ai masha kasha (the
heavenly Son of man) gaw shi a mungdan hpe wudang ntsa
si hkam ai hku nna gaw gap na re, Karai Kasang gaw dai
lam hku nna, htani htana mungdan hpe gaw gap na re
(Daniela 7:13-14; Marku 8:29-31,38; 9:31; 10:45) ngu tsun
dan mayu ai majaw, Yesu a si hkam ai hpe ahkyak dik ningam
hku tang madun da ai re.
Yesu gaw nat ni a agyi ngu shadu hkrum ai (3:22-30);
Shi a sape Yuda Iscariot a gum le gum lau (Betrayed) hkrum
- 59 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Mahte Laika Ka Ai Shaloi Na Mabyin (Occasion)


Mahte laika gaw kam sham ai hpung masha ni law
htam jat wa ai lam hte matut mahkai nga ai. Hkristan ni gaw
Yuda nawku htung kaw na ginhka nna, wuhpawng san san
hku nga tim, malawng maga gaw Yuda masha ni re. Pentikoti
shani a hpang, Yuda 5000 daram kam sham ai hpung masha
tai wa ma ai. Yesu sumsing mungdan de wun doi mat wa ai
hpang, shaning na na wa angwi apyaw hte Hkristan tai nga lu
ai hte, Yerusalem htingnu hte Yuda tara jawng ni hkan mung
pru pru shang shang rai lu ma ai. Rai tim, AD 70 daram kaw
nna gaw, Hkristan ni zingri zingrat hkrum sha ra ma ai. Bai
nna, Yuda nawku htung hkan ai Juda ni hte, Hkristan tai ai
Yuda ni a lapran ginhka hkat ai lam ni nga ai aten, tara mai
gan ni mung Hkristan tai wa ai hte, nawku hpung gaw Karai
Kasang a teng man ai kashu kasha ni, Israela ningnan ngu,
myit sawn la ai aten hta Mahte laika hpe ka ai rai nga ai.
Mahte Laika Ka Ai A Yaw Shada Ai Lam (The Purpose)
Zingri zingrat hkrum nga ai Yuda Hkristan ni hpe,
makam masham shangang shakang ya na matu, hte Yesu a
kabu gara shi ga gaw, ga shaka dingsa myihtoi ni htawn tsun
ai lam ni hpe jahkum shatsup ya ai lam she re lam sakse
hkam dan ai mungga rai nga ai. Dai majaw, Yesu Hkristu
gaw Meshia re ai lam hkai dan ai hku nna ka da ai, laika re.
Yuda ni myit mada ala nga ai, Meshia, Dawi a aru arat na pra
ai kasha, teng sha du sai, ngu ai hpe tsun dan ai lam re.
Namman jaw hkam ai wa, myihtoi ni, hkinjawng ni, hkawhkam
ni htawn tsun lai wa sai ga ni hpe shadik shatup ai wa re. Bai
nna, Yesu hpe Meshia hku n hkap la ai ni a lapran, Kam sham
ai Yuda Hkristan ni, Yesu gaw Meshia majing re ai hpe shi a
- 64 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

MAHTE
LAIKA A LAM
(The Gospel According to MATTHEW)

Laika Ka Ai Wa (The Author)


Mahte laika hta laika ka ai wa, tinang kadai re ngu ai
n tsun da ai majaw, kadai ka ai ngu ai hpe gaw hkrak n chye
lu ai. Moi na matsun maroi ga ni hta gaw, Kasa Mahte ka ai
ngu sawn la ma ai. Papias (AD 100) mying ai Hietapolis mare
a Bishop wa tsun ai gaw, Mahte gaw Mahte laika hpe Aramaic
ga hku ka da nna, kaga masha ni Greek ga hku gale da ai re,
ngu tsun sharin wu ai.
Rai tim, dai ni na chyum ninghkrin ni, Kasa Mahte ka
ai ngu ai hpe n hkap la ma ai. Hpa majaw nga yang, Mahte
laika hpe hti yu ai shaloi, Yesu hte rau hkawm sa yu ai wa (sh)
Yesu hpe myi hte chyaw mu ai wa, ka da ai hku n tsun da ai.
Bai nna, Mahte laika ka ai wa gaw, Marku laika a daw kaji
661 hta na 606 ting hpe Mahte laika hta, ka htawt bang da ai
majaw, Kasa Mahte nan ka ai n re ngu nna sawn la, ma ai.

- 61 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Kaga langai ngai ka ai mai byin ai, rai tim Mahte mung shang
lawm ai ngu ai hku hkap la ma ai.24

Mahte Laika Ka Ai Shaloi Lang Ai Ning pawt Ning Hpang


Laika Ni (Sources):

Laika Ka Ai Shara Hte Shaning (Place & Date): Mahte


laika gaw Marku laika kaw na chyum ga ni hpe mahta nna ka
da ai majaw, Marku laika ka ai hpang e she ka ai laika re ngu
n tsa lam sawn la lu ga ai. Dai majaw AD 70 ning hpang daw
de ka da ai laika re.
Chyum ninghkrin n kau mi gaw, Mahte laika hta Hkristan ni
Yuda nawku htung kaw na, pru nna Hkristan ni a kyang shingni
masa (ethics), karai masa (theology), hte naw ku daw jau ai
lam (worship) ni shagreng wa ai hpe shingna hku madi madun
ai lam ni rawng ai majaw, AD 80-85 hta ka ai rai na re nga
ma ai. Bai nna, Marku laika hpe shamyet shanat nna, ka ai
sha n ga, Roma mare kaw na Clement ngu ai hpung kawa
wa, Mahte laika hpe atsawm sha chye ai lam mu lu ai majaw,
Mahte laika hpe AD 80-85 laman ka da sai ngu sawn la ma
ai.
Dai re ai majaw n tsa lam hku nna AD 70-85 ning laman hta
Yesu a lam sakse hkam ka da ai laika re ngu, sawn la lu ai.
Gara shara kaw ka ai hpe mung hkrak n chye lu ai.
Raitim, Suri mung na Antiok mare kaw ka ai re ngu sawn la lu
ai. Hpa majaw nga yang, AD 70 hta Yerusalem mare hten za
mat ai hpang, Suri mung kaw nga ai Antioch mare na nawku
hpung gaw, Hkristan ni a daju shara langai tai lai wa sai majaw
re (Kasa 11:20).

24

Merril C. Tenney, New Testament Survey (Leicester, England: Inter-Varsity


Press, 1987),, Pp.149-150.

- 62 -

I.

II.

III.

Marku laika hpe madung hku mahta nna ka ai re.


Marku laika a daw kaji 661 hta na 606 hpe Mahte
laika hta ka htawt bang la da ai. Marku a ga hkrang
masa hpe la nna, (a) Greek hku ka da ai chyum
laika hta, Marku laika a Greek laika ka ai hkrang
(grammer) ni hpe grau hkrak hkra sharai ka da ai.
(b) Akri akrai hku ka da ai lam n kau myi hpe ngam
da ai ( Mk 1:2; MK 14:52). (c) Yesu shangai wa ai
lam, Pilat hkawhkam a madu jan a lam, Yesu a
sharin achyin ai lam (ga shadawn ni MK 4 hta 4,
Mt 13 hta 7) ni jat bang ai. (d) Yesu a myit shamu
shamawt ai (emotions) hte lama ma hpe n dang di
lu ai (inabilities) zawn re ai ga manau ni hpe shaw
kau ai ( Mk 1:41 &Mt 8:3; Mk 6:5 & Mt 13:58; Mk
6:52 & Mt 14:33; Mk 8:28-29 & 16:13-20).
Marku laika hta jan nna, Mahte hte Luka gaw kaga
ning pawt ning hpang laika ni ( Q source) hpe lang
ai lam mu lu ai. Ga shadawn, Mahte 3:7-10 hte
Luka 3:7-9; Mahte 11:25-27 hte Luka 10:21-22.
Mahte laika hta sha mu lu ai lam ni (M source).
Kaga laika ni (Marku hte Luka) hta n mu lu ai sha,
Mahte shi a hkrai san san ka da ai lam ni, daw kaji
300 nga ai hpe mu lu ai. Yesu a rusai labau,
Hkristmas maumwi, Petru hka ntsa hkawm ai,
Yuda Iskarut dau si ai lam zawn re ai lam ni hte
Yesu a shrin achyin ai lam n kau mi re.

- 63 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

10. Lusha gam ai lam hte seng ai ga san (9:14-17)


11. Yuda agyi a shayi sha hte Yesu a palawng sa ahtawk
ai num sha (9:18-26)
12. Myi kyaw ai masha lahkawng hpe shamai ya ai lam
(9:27-31)
13. N chye shaga ai masha langai mi hpe shamai ya ai
lam (9:32-34)
14. Yesu shawa masha ni hpe matsan dum ai lam
(9:35-38)
15. Kasa marai shi lahkawng (10:1-4)
16. Kasa shi lahkawng hte a sasana galaw ai magam
bungli
(10:5-15)
17. Hkrum hkra na ra ai zingri zingrat lam ni
(10:16-25)
18. Kadai hpe mahtang hkrit kamyin na lam
(10:26-31)
19. Yesu hpe Madu ngu nna yin la ai wa hte nyet kau ai
wa (10:32-33)
20. Ngwi pyaw sim sa lam n rai, nhtu she re ai lam
(10:34-39)
21. Hkam sha na kumhpa ni a lam (10:40-42)
22. Hkalup sara Yawhan kaw na kasa ni (11:1-19)
23. N kam n sham ai mare ni (11:20-24)
24. Ngai kaw sa nna ban sa la mu (11:25-30)
25. Bansa nhtoi hte seng ai ga san (12:1-8)
26. Lata katsing si ai masha (12:9-14)
27. Karai Kasang lata la ai shangun ma (12:15-21)
28. Yesu hte Bezebula (12:22-32)
29. Hpun hte de a asi a lam (12:33-37)
30. Lamik kumla hpyi ma ai lam (12:38-42)
31. N seng ai nat bai wa ai lam
(12:43-45)
- 68 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

marai hkum shinggni hte magam bingli (Person & Work) hpe
kapyawn nna, sang lang dan ai hku sakse hkam ka da ai lam
mung re.

Mahte Laika Hta Rawng Ai Lam Ni (Content)


Mahte laika hta Yesu gaw, Karai Kasang kaw na daru
magam ahkang aya lu ai wa, jep ai tara ni hpe lachyum htai
dai ai wa, Karai Kasang a mungdan hte seng ai lam ni hpe
lachyum htai dan ai sharin sara kaba, ngu ai hku tang madun
da nga ai. Yesu a tsun sharin ai lam ni hpe (1) Sumsing
mungdan a kashu kasha ni a shingni maka, ahkaw ahkang
hte lit ni (bum ntsa na tara hkaw ga) (Daw Kaba 5-7) (2) Sape
12 hpe sharin matsun ai lam ni (Daw Kaba 10); (3) Sumsing
mungdan hte seng ai ga shadawn ni ( Daw Kaba 13); (4)
Sape ngu ai a lachyum, lit hte ahkaw ahkang ni (Daw Kaba
18) (5) Hpang jahtum n htoi hte Karai Kasang a mungdan du
wa na lam ni (Daw kaba 24 the 25) ngu nna daw 5 hku ka
tawn da nga ai.
Malawm Ni (Contents)
I. Yesu Hkristu a ru sai labau hte shangai wa ai lam
1:1-2:23
1. Yesu Hkristu a ru sai labau (1:1-17)
2. Yesu Hkristu shangai wa ai lam (1:18-25)
3. Sinpraw mung na hpaji rawng ai ni
(2:1-12)
4. Egutu mung de koi yen mat ai lam (2:13-15)
5. Ma ni hpe sat kau ai lam (2:16-18)
6. Egutu mung kaw na bai wa ai lam (2:19-23)
- 65 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

II. Hkalup Sara Yawhan a magam gun ai lam 3:1-12


1. Hkalup sara Yawhan hkaw tsun ai lam (3:1-12)

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

(j)
(k)

III.

Yesu hkalup hkam la ai hte agung alau hkrum ai


lam 3:13-4:11
1. Yesu hkalup hkam ai lam (3:13-17)
2. Yesu agung alau hkrum ai lam (4:1-11)
3. Galile mung e Yesu magam gun hpang ai lam (4:1217)
4. Nga hkan sha ai masha mali hpe shaga la ai lam
(4:18-22)
5. Sharin shaga, hkaw tsun, shamai shatsai hkawm
ai lam (4:23-25)

IV. Yesu Galile ginwang e magam gun ai lam


4:12-18:35
1. Bum ntsa na tara hkaw ga (5:1-7; 7:1-29)
(a) A lu ai tara (5:3-12)
(b) Jum hte nhtoi (5:13-16)
(c) Jep ai tara a lam sharin ya ai (5:17-20)
(d) Masin pawt ai lam hte seng nna sharin shaga
ai lam (5:21-31)
(e) Num jahka ai lam hte seng nna sharin ai lam
(5:31-33)
(f) Ga sadi tawn dagam ai hte seng nna sharin ai
lam (5:33-37)
(g) Matai htang ai hte seng nna sharin ai lam
(5:38-42)
(h) Hpyen wa hpe tsaw ra ra ai lam (5:43_48)
(i) Alu jaw ai lam hte seng nna sharin ai lam
(6:1-4)
- 66 -

(l)
(m)
(n)
(o)
(p)
(q)
(r)
(s)

Akyu hpyi ai hte seng nna sharin ai lam


(6:5-15)
Lusha gam ai lam hte seng nna sharin ya ai lam
(6:16-18)
Sumsing lamu na sutgan (6:19-21)
Hkum hkrang a nhtoi (6:22-23)
Karai Kasang hte mungkan sutgan ni a lam
(6:24-34)
Masha kaga hpe jeyang ai lam (7:1-6)
Hpyi mu, tam mu, akawk mu (7:7-20)
Ngai nanhte hpe galoi mung n chye made ai
(7:21-23)
Nta gap ai masha lahkawng a lam (7:24-27)
Yesu a ahkang aya (7:28-29)

2. Yesu manggang kap ai masha langai mi hpe shamai


ya ai (8:1-4)
3. Yesu gaw Roma hpyen du a shangun ma hpe shamai
ya ai (8:5-13)
4. Machyi ai masha law law hpe shamai ya ai lam (8:1417)
5. Yesu a sape tai mayu ai ni (8:18-22)
6. Yesu nbung laru jasim ai lam
(8:23-27)
7. Masha lahkawng kaw na nat shaden kau ya ai lam
(8:28-34)
8. Katsing si ai wa hpe shamai ya ai lam (9:1-8)
9. Mahte hpe shaga la ai lam (9:9-13)

- 67 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

31. Maihpang hpun kaw na sharin la ai lam


(24:32-35)
32. Kadai mung dai shani hte ahkying hpe nchye lu ai
(24:36-44)
33. Sadi dung ai hte sadi n ding ai mayam (24:45-51)
34. Mahkawn kasha shi a lam ga shadawn (25:1-13)
35. Mayam marai masum a ga shadawn (25:14-30)
36. Hpang jahtum tara je yang na lam (25:31-46)
37. Yesu hpe sat na maw mawn ai lam (26:1-5)
38. Bethani kahtawng e Yesu a baw hpe sau hte chya ya
ai lam
(26:6-13)
39. Yesu hpe ap kau na matu Yuda myit hkrum ai lam
(26:14-16)
40. Sape ni hte rau shalai wa ai poi sha ai lam
(26:17-25)
41. Madu a shana shat sha poi a lam (26:26-30)
42. Petru nyet kau na ra ai lam Yesu tau tsun ai
(26:31-35)
43. Yesu Getsemane sun e akyu hpyi ai lam
(26:36-46)
44. Yesu hpe rim la ai lam (26:47-56)
45. Yuda salang Kongsi hpawng hta Yesu hpe jep san ai
lam (26:57-68)
46. Petru gaw Yesu hpe nyet kau ai lam (26:69-75)
47. Yesu hpe Pilat hpang de woi sa ai lam (27:1-2)
48. Yuda si mat ai lam (27:3-10)
49. Yesu hpe Pilat ga san san ai lam (27:11-14)
50. Yesu hpe si ari jaw ai lam (27:15-26)
51. Hpyen la ni Yesu hpe jahpoi asawng ai lam
(27:27-31)
52. Yesu hpe wudang hta jen sat kau ai lam
- 72 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.

Yesu a kanu hte kanau ni (12:46-50)


Nli gat ai ga shadawn
(13:1-9)
Ga shadawn a yaw shada ai lam (13:10-17)
Nli gat ai ga shadawn a lachyum hpyan dan ai lam
(13:18-23)
Tsing ni hte seng ai ga shadawn (13:24-30)
Chyinghkrang tum ga shadawn (13:32-32)
Matsi a lam ga shadawn (13:33)
Ga shadawn ni hpe hpa rai lang ai lam
(13:34-35)
Tsing a lam ga shadawn hte seng ai lachyum hpe
Yesu hpyan dan ai (13:36-43)
Makoi da ai sutgan a lam (13:44)
Hkachyi a lam ga shadawn (13:45-46)
Sumgawn ga shadawn (13:47-50)
Teng man ai lam ningnan hte dingsa (13:51-52)
Nazaret mare kaw na ni Yesu hpe n hkap la ai lam
(13:53-58)
Hkalup sara Yawhan sat hkrum ai lam (14:1-12)
Masha hkying manga hpe muk daw jaw ai lam
(14:13-21)
Hka ntsa e lam hkawm ai (14:22-33)
Genesaret mare e machyi makaw hkrum ai ni hpe
shamai ya ai (14:34-36)
Ji wa ni a sharin shaga ai lam (15:1-9)
Masha hpe awu asin di kau lu ai arai ni a lam (15:1020)
Num langai mi a kam sham ai lam (15:21-28)
Machyi ai masha law law hpe shamai ya ai lam
(15:28-31)
Masha hkying mali hpe muk daw ai lam (15:32-39)
- 69 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

55. Lamik kumla hpyi ai lam (16:1-4)


56. Hparishe ni hte Saduke ni a matsi (16:5-12)
57. Yesu kadai re ai hpe Petru yin la ai lam
(16:13-20)
58. Yesu nni hkri hte si hkam na lam tsun dan ai (16:2128)
59. Ahpraw nsam galai ai lam (17:1-13)
60. Nat kap ai ma kasha hpe shamai ya ai lam
(17:14-21)
61. Yesu si hkam na lam bai tsun ai (17:22-23)
62. Nawku htingnu hkanse bang ai lam (17:24-27)
63. Grau kaba ai kadai rai ta? (18:1-5)
64. Agung alau ai lam ni
(18:6-9)
65. Mat mat ai sagu a ga shadawn (18:10-14)
66. Shut hpyit ai hpu nau wa (18:15-17)
67. Pat hkum da ai hte ahkang jaw ai lam (18:18-20)
68. Mara n dat ya hkraw ai mayam a ga shadawn (18:2135)
V.

Galile mung kaw nna Yerusalem mare de wa ai lam


19:1-20:34
1. Num jahka ai hte seng nna sharin ya ai lam (19:1-12)
2. Ma kaji ni hpe Yesu shaman ya ai lam (19:13-15)
3. Lu su ai shabrang wa a lam (19:16-30)
4. Tsabyi sun hta amu galaw ai masha ni a lam (20:116)
5. Yesu shi si hkam na lam hpe masum lang ngu na bai
tsun ai lam (20:17-19)
6. Kanu langai mi a hpyi lajin ai lam (20:20-28)
7. Myi kyaw ai marai lahkawng hpe shamai ya ai lam
(20:29-34)
- 70 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

VI. Hpang jahtum na bat lapran Yerusalem mare kata hte


makau mayang hkan e byin ai lam ni
21:1-27:66
1. Yerusalem mare de awng padang hte shang wa ai
lam (21:1-11)
2. Yesu nawku htingnu de shang ai lam (21:12-17)
3. Yesu gaw maihpang hpum hpe dagam kau ai lam
(21:18-22)
4. Yesu a ahkang aya hte seng ai ga san (21:23-27)
5. Shadang sha lahkawng a ga shadawn (21:28-32)
6. Tsabyi sun shap galaw ai ni a ga shadawn (21:3346)
7. Hkungran lusha poi a lam ga shadawn (22:1-14)
8. Hkanse bang ai hte seng ai ga san (22:15-22)
9. Si ai kaw na hkrung rawt wa ai hte seng ai ga san
(22:23-33)
10. Jep ai tara kaba (22:34-40)
22. Meshia hte seng ai ga san (22:41-46)
23. Tara sara ni hte Hparishe ni hpe sadi na lam shadum
ai (23:1-12)
24. Yesu gaw shanhte a sawt ai lam hpe mara shagun ai
(23:13-28)
25. Shanhte hkrum na ari ni a lam tau tsun dan ai (23:2936)
26. Yesusalem mare a matu Yesu a tsawra myit
(23:37-39)
27. Nawku htingnu hten run mat na ra ai lam
(24:1-2)
28. Ruyak jam jau hte zingri zingrat lam ni (24:3-14)
29. Hkrit kajawng matsat na zawn re ai arai (24:15-28)
30. Dai masha kasha du sa na lam (24:29-31)
- 71 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

11. Yesu lawze ntsa jawn nna Yeruslem mare de shang


wa ai lam (Mt. 21:4-7;Isa. 62:11, Zehk 9:9).
12. Yesu shi hpe rim la ai shaloi lamu kasa dap ni hpe n
shaga ai lam (Mt. 26:53-54).
13. Yesu shi nan hpyen ni rim la ai hpe hkam ai lam (Mt.
26:55-56).
14. Di bu sama a ga dachyawk hpe Yuda kabai tawn da
ai gumhpraw hte mari ai lam (Mt. 27:5-10; Yer. 18:26; 19:1-2,4,6;32:6-15; Zehk.11:13).
**********

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

(27:32-44)
53. Yesu nsa hti mat ai lam (27:45-56)
54. Yesu hpe lup makoi ai lam (27:57-61)
55. Lup hpe sin da ai lam
(27:62-66)
VII. Yesu bai hkrung rawt wa ai hte shi hkum shadan
dan ai lam ni 28:1-20
1. Hkrung rawt wa ai lam (28:1-10)
2. Lup sin ai ni a tsun shana ai lam (28:11-15)
3. Yesu shi a sape ni hpe shadan dan ai lam
(28:16-20)
Mahte Laika A Karai Masa Mungga
(The Theologocal Message)
Mahte laika a Karai masa mungga madung gaw, Yesu
gaw Yehowa Karai Kasang, Ga Shaka Dingsa hta ga sadi
jaw da ai hkye hkang la ai wa (promised savior) re ngu ai rai
nga ai. Yesu shinggyim hkum hkrang dagraw ai hku nna, Karai
Kasang gaw Israela ni hpe Shi jaw da ai ga sadi ni hpe shadik
shatup nga ai ngu ai munga re. Mungga a lachyum madung
gaw, sumsing mungdan hte dai sumsing mungdan gaw Yesu
Hkristu gaw de na mungdan re ai lam rai nga ai. Dai kabu
gara shi ga gaw, Yuda amyu ni a matu sha n rai, mungakan
ting a matu re ngu, sakse hkam ka da ai lam rai nga ai.
Yesu Hkristu gaw, Yuda ni shaning na na ala nga ai
Meshia re. Meshia ngu ai gaw Yuda ni myit mada nga ai
Israela ni a hkawhkam rai nna, Israela ni hpe hkye hkrang la
na wa rai nga ai. Dai majaw, Mahte laika a npawt hta kade
kasha kadai, ngu ai ginru ginsa ahtik labau (genealogy) hpe
shawng gawn dan nna, Yeasu gaw Dawi a aru arat kaw na

- 76 -

- 73 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

shangai wa ai, myihtoi ni tau hkrau myihtoi htoi da ai Meshia


re lam gawn dan da nga ai. Dai hpang Yesu shangai wa ai
lam, hkalup hkam la ai lam, tsa dan a agung alau hpe awng
dang ai lam ka da ai. Dai hpang Yesu a hkaw tsun ai, sharin
achyin ai, shamai shatai ai sasana magam ni hpe ka da nga
ai. Hpang jahtum daw hta Yerusalem mare na Yesu a mabyin,
wu dang hta jen sat hkam ai lam hte bai hkrung rawt wa ai
lam ni hte rai, Yesu gaw mungkan a hkye madu re ngu sakse
hkam ka da ai mungga rai nga ai.
Yesu gaw, ga shaka dingsa a myihtoi ga ni hpe shi a
marai hkum shingni hte magam bungli hku jahkum shatsup
ai wa re (5:17). Yesu gaw Karai- shinggyim masha Meshia
(divine-human Mesaiah) re ngu ai hpe sumsing mungdan a
lam ndau shana ai hte, sharin achyin ya ai hku, Israela hpe
hkye la na hkawhkam hku hkrang shapraw dan da nga ai. Si
hkam ai, bai hkrung rawt ai hte, lahkawng lang bai du sa nna
mungkan ningnan, sumsing mungdan ningnan hpe gaw de
na re ngu, Yesu a hkawhkam tai ai mungdan masing hpe hkai
dan nga ai (24:30).25 Yesu gaw Moshe a tara ni hpe Karai
Kasang a yaw shada ai hte maren teng man ai hku htai ai
wa, daru magam hpung shingkang lu ai wa re ngu tsun dan ai
lam mung rai nga ai (7:29).
Kam sham ai hpung masha ni gaw sape ni rai nna,
hparishe ni, hkinjawng ni, tara sara ni a sharin achyin ai lam
ni hpe koi kau let, Yesu sharin ai lam hku Madu Yesu hte rau
asak hkrung ra ai ngu, tsun ai mungga mung re (10:25). Kam
sham ai hpung masha ni a lit gaw, Meshia rai nga ai Yesu a
lam hpe, mungkan shinggyim masha yawng chye na matu

htawn tsun shalai ai lam re (28:19-20). Mungkan masha


yawng Yesu hpe kam sham wa nna, hkye hkrang la ai chyeju
hkam la lu na matu, kaning re ai byin da masa hta rai tim,
ngang kang ai makam masham hte sumsing mungdan a
kashu kasha hku asak hkrung ap nawng na matu shatsam ai
mungga mung rai nga ai.

25

Merrill F. Unger, Ungers Bible Dictionary (Chicago: Moody Press, 1987),


P.706.
- 74 -

Ga shaka dingsa na myihtoi ga ni hpe shadik shatup ai


lam ni
1. Shayi hkawn sek kaw na shangai wa ai
(Mt. 1:22-23; Isa. 7:14).
2. Bethlehem mare hta shangai wa ai
(Mt. 2:3-6; Mihka 5:2).
3. Egutu de hprawng yen nna, Israela mung de bai wa
ai (2:14-15; Hos. 11:1).
4. Herod hkawhkam wa, Yesu hpe sat na matu, 2 ning
a npu na ma ni hpe Bethlehem mare kaw sat ai lam
(Mt. 2:16-18; Jer. 31:15).
5. Shi a dinghku ni Narareth kaw nga ai lam
( 2:23; B.Hk 6:1-8; Trj. 13:5; I Sam 1:11).
6. Kaperna-um mare de sa du nga ai ( Mt. 4:13-16; Isa
8:23- 9:2).
7. Mawshe a jep ai tara ni hte myithtoi ni a sharin shaga
ai ga ni hpe shadik shatup na matu du sa ai lam (Mt.
5:17).
8. Yesu a shamai shatsai ya ai lam (8:16-17;Isa. 53:4).
9. Yesu shi shamai shatsai dat ya ai ni hpe, shi a lam n
tsun shabrawng na matu hkang da ai lam (Mt 12:1617; Isa 42:1-2).
10. Ga shadawn hku tsun ai gaw myihtoi ga dik wa na
lam re (Mt. 13:13-14, 34; Isa. 6:9-10).
- 75 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

matu n re ai sha, tara maigan ni a matu yaw shada ai re


majaw, tara maigan ni nga ai shara kaw nga nna ka ai re
ngu, tsun lu ga ai.

LUKA LAIKA

Luka Laika Ka Ai Shaloi Na Mabyin (Occasion)


1) Tara mai gan ni mung Hkristan tai wa ai hte maren,
Hkawhkam Nawku Htung (Emperor Worship) hte, Lachyum
chye na na yak ai, lachyum sung ai nawku htung (Mystery
Religion) ni a lapran, agung alau law law hpe hkam mana ra
nga ai aten re. Dai zawn re ai aten hta, Yesu Hkristu gaw
mungkan shinggyim masha yawng a hkye la madu re ngu,
shangang shakang ya ra ai majaw ka ai re.
2) Yuda nawku htung hte Yuda nawku htung a kyang
lai len shingni hte seng ai tara ni ka-up nga ai ten, tara maigan
ni a matu Yesu Hkristu gaw Yuda ni hte sha seng ai Karai a
kasha n re, mungkan masha yawng a hkye la madu re lam
sang lang dan ra ai sha n-ga, lang ai ga si ni kaw nna hkawt
tara maigan ni a matu manu ai hku hkai dan ra ai majaw,
Luka laika hpe ka ai lam rai nga ai.
3) Sohpists ni a tengman ai lam (Truth) ngu ai gaw
langai hkrai a ningmu (individual opinion) hte she seng ai;
Stoics ni a myit ngwi myit pyaw lam gaw myit sawn dinglik
atsam hta mahta na asak hkrung ai lam re; Epicureans ni a
myit pyaw pyaw rai, lu sha pyaw len ai hku nna she myit ngwi
myit pyaw lam lu la mai ai, ngu ai philosophy ni tsun shrin
nga ai aten hta, Tengman ai madu, ngwi pyaw simsa lam a
madu gaw Yesu Hkristu she re ai lam ka sang lang dan ra wa
ai majaw ka ai rai nga ai.

- 80 -

LAM
(The Gospel According to LUKE)

Laika Ka Ai Wa (The Auhtor)

aika ka ai wa kadai re ngu ai hpe Luka laika hta n mu lu


ai. Labau hkringhtawng dagraw nna hkai hkrat wa ai
ga ni hta gaw Luka (Luke) nan re nga ma ai. Shi gaw tsi
du (physician) rai nna, kasa Pawlu hte sasana bungli rau galaw
ai wa re nga ma ai (Col. 4:14, II Tim 4:11, Philm 1:24). Chyum
ninghkrin n kau mi tsun ai gaw, Luka laika hpe kadai ka ai
hpe n chye lu ai. Rai tim laika ka ai wa gaw tara maigan kaw
na galai shai wa ai Hkristan (gentile-Christan) re . Bai nna,
laika ka ai wa gaw Greek laika hpe grai chye ai hte hpaji
rawng ai wa re. Shi nan gaw Yesu hpe myi hte chyaw mu ai
wa gaw n re. Dai majaw, myi chyaw sakse hku ka da ai gaw
n re, rai tim, Yesu a kanu hte sape ni, myi chyaw mu ai sakse
ni hpe lahkawn shinggyin la nna, Yesu gaw mungkan ting hte
- 77 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

seng ai hkye la madu Karai re ai hpe sakse hkam ka da ai


laika rai nga ai.26

chyum ga daw ni hpe lang da ai lam mu lu ai. Dai


hpe L source nga shamying ma ai. L source ni gaw
Yesu shangai wa ai hte seng ai lam ni (the birth
story), hkrung rawt wa ai hte seng ai ahpraw nsam
(the resurrection appearance), ga shadawn ni
(parables) - kaja ai Samari, mat ai gumhpraw, mat
ai sagu, dam mat ai kasha, hte Luka 9:51-18:14
hta lawm ai Yesu sharin ya ai lam ni rai nga ai.27

Kadai Ni Hpe Yaw Shada Nna Ka Ai (Recipients)


Yuda ni a matu sha n rai, maigan masha ni yawng a
matu yaw shada let ka da wu ai. Yesu a labau lasang hpe,
Abraham kaw na n hpang ai sha, shinggyim masha yawng
lawm na hku, Adam kaw na hpang let, Yesu gaw mungkan
ting hte seng ai Karai, mungkan shinggyim masha yawng hpe
hkye la na matu du sa ai hkye la madu re ngu, mungkan
shinggyim masha yawng a matu yaw shada nna ka da ai re.

Ka Ai Shaning (Date)
Marku laika hpe la kap nna ka ai hpe yu yang Marku
laika ka ngut ai hpang she ka ai laika re ngu sawn la lu ai.
Bai nna, Yesu Yerusalem htingnu hten run na hte seng nna
tsun ai lam ni hpe shingnip shingna hku 21:20-24 hta ka
da ai hpe yu nna AD 70 hpang daw de ka da ai re ngu
chyum ninghkrin n kau mi sawn la ma ai.28 Tup hkrak gaw
n chye lu tim chyum ninghkrin ni malawng maga gaw AD
70-90 laman hta ka da ai re ngu sawn la ma ai.

Luka Laika Ka Ai Shaloi Lang Ai Ning Pawt Ning Hpang


Laika Ni (Sources)
1.

2.

3.

26

Marku laika hpe shamyet shanat nna ka da ai.


Marku laika a htam masum hta na htam lahkawng
hpe shaw lang ai lam mu lu ai. Marku laika hta lawm
ai Yesu a sasana bungli hte seng ai ga hkrang
masa (The outline of Jesus ministry) hpe shaw lang
ai lam mu lu ai.
Marku laika hta n lawm ai sha, Mahte hte Luka
laika hta sha lawm ai kaga ningpawt ninghpang
laika ni (dai hpe Q source ngu shamying ma ai)
hpe jai lang ai lam mu lu ai.
Marku hte Mahte laika ni hta n lawm ai sha, Luka
laika hta sha mu lu ai, shi a hkrai san san re ai

Robert E. Van Voorst, Reading The New Testament Today (Blemont,Califonia:


Thomson Wadsworth, 2005), P.232.
- 78 -

Ka Ai Shara (Place)
Hkrak n chye lu ai. Kesarea, Ahkaia, Roma langai ngai
kaw ka ai rai na re ngu chyum ninghkrin ni sawn la ma ai.
Hkrak sawn la mai ai lam langai mi gaw, Yuda masha ni a

27

Eh Wah , New Testament Introduction, Lecture Note fot B.Th course,


Myanmar Institute of Theology,Insein, 1993. P.14.
28
H. Conzelmann and A. Lindemann, Interpreting the New Testament
(Peabody, Massachusetts: Hendrickson Publishers,Inc.,1988), P.233.

- 79 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.

Hkum hten ai num hpe shamai ai lam (13:1017)


Chying hkrang tum hte matsi ga shadawn
(13:18-21)
Gyip ai chyinghka (13:22-30)
Hparishe ni hpe sadi jaw ai lam, Yerusalem hpe
yawn ai lam (13:31-35)
Hparishe wa a nta hta (14:1-24)
Sape tai ai manu (14:25-35)
Mat ai sagu, gumhpraw, kasha (15:1-32)
Nding nman ai kunhting wa (16:1-16)
Kadai hpe chyang na (K.K (sh) sutgan) (16:1015)
Tara hte kabu gara shiga (16:16-18)
Sahti wa hte Lazaru a ga shadawn
(16:19-31)
Mara dat ya ai, kam sham ai hte lit la ai lam
(17:1-10)
Mang gang kap ai marai 10 hpe shamai ai lam
(17:11-19)
Yesu bai du sa na lam
(17:20-37)
Akyu hpyi ra ai ga shadawn (18:1-8)
Hparishe hte kang hta ai wa ga shadawn (18:914)
Yesu ma ni hpe shamai ya ai lam
(18:15-17)
Sahti wa a lam (18:18-30)
Masum lang ngu na shi si na lam tsun ai (18:3134)
Hpyi sha ai wa hpe shamai ya ai lam
(18:35-42)
- 84 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Luka Laika A Yaw Shada Ai Lam (Purpose)


Luka 1:1-4 hta Htawhpilu a matu ka ai nga ka da tim,
kam sham ai hpung masha ni (matsan mayan, masha
wuhpawng hta n jashawn la hkrum ai ni yawng) yawng hpe
makam masham shagrin jat ya na matu hte, Yesu gaw
tengman ai Karai, ngwi pyaw lam a madu majing re ai lam
shangang shakang ya na matu yaw shada nna ka ai mungga
rai nga ai.29

Luka Laika Hta Rawng Ai Lam Ni (Contents)


I.

Ga hpaw 1:1-14

II.

Yesu shangai ai lam hte ma kaji prat a lam, hkalup


sara Yawhan shangai ai lam 1:5-2:52
1.
Zahkri kaw du ai lamu kasa (1:5-25)
2.
Mari kaw du ai lamu kasa (1:26-38)
3.
Mari gaw Elizabet kaw sa chyai ai lam (1:3956)
4.
Hkalup sara Yawhan shangai wa ai lam (1:5780)
5.
Yesu shangai ai lam (2:1-20)
6.
Yesu hpe Yerusalem nawku htingnu de sa
madun ai lam (2:21-40)
7.
Ma Yesu gaw Yerusalem htingnu kaw ngam nga
ai lam (2:41-52)

29

Robert E. Van Voorst, Reading The New Testament Today


(Blemont,Califonia: Thomson Wadsworth, 2005), P.232.
- 81 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

III.

Yesu hte hkalup sara Yawhan a lam 3:1-4:13


1.
Yawhan mungga hkaw ai lam (3:1-20)
2.
Yesu hkalup hkam ai lam (3:21-22)
3.
Yesu a labau lasang (3:23-38)
4.
Yesu gunglau hkrum ai lam (4:1-13)

IV.

Yesu gaw Galile mung hta sharin shaga ai hte


shamai ai lam 4:14-9:50
1.
Nazaret mare hta (4:14-30)
2.
Kapernaum mare hta (4:31-44)
3.
Shawng nnan na sape marai 4 hpe shaga ai
lam (5:1-11)
4.
Yesu mang gang kap ai wa hte katsing si ai
wa hpe shamai ai (5:12-26)
5.
Mahte hpe shaga ai lam, lu sha gam ai lam ga
san (5:27-32)
6.
Laban hte seng nna dang rang hkat ai lam
(6:1-11)
7.
Sape 12 hpe lata la ai lam (6:12-16)
8
Layang kaw mungga hkaw ai lam (6:17-49)
9.
Roma hpyen du wa a kasha hpe shamai ya ai
lam (7:1-10)
10.
Na-in na gaida jan a shadang sha hpe jahkrung
ya ai lam
(7:11-17)
11.
Yawhan a kasa Yesu kaw sa ai lam
(7:18-35)
12.
Hparishe wa a nta hta (7:36-50)
13.
Yesu hte shi a sape ni hpe daw jau ai lam (8:13)

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

14.

Ga shadsawn hte de a yaw shada ai lam


(8:4-21)
15.
Yesu nawng hpe daru ai lam (8:22-39)
16.
Ya-iru a kasha hte sai htaw machyi ai jan hpe
shamai ai (8:40-56)
17.
Sape 12 hpe shangun dat ai, Herod wa mau
ai lam (9:1-17)
18.
Petru Yesu hpe yin la ai lam (9:18-27)
19.
Yesu hpraw nsam galai ai lam (9:28-36)
20.
Mamu mu ai ma hpe shamai ya ai lam
(9:37-50)

V. Yerusalem de sa wa ai lam na (Perea mung) sasana


amu 9:51-19:27
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.

- 82 -

Samari mare e (9:51-56)


Ap nawng ai hte Yesu hpang hkan ai lam (9:5762)
Marai 70 sasana (10:1-24)
Tara sara wa a ga san (10:25-28)
Kaja ai Samari (10:29-37)
Mahta hte Mari (10:38-42)
Sape ni hpe akyu hpyi sharin ya ai
(11:1-13)
Yesu hte nhtan shai ai lam (11:14-23)
Shi a prat na masha ni hpe Yesu sadi jaw ai
lam (11:24-36)
Yesu Hparishe ni hpe daru ai lam
(11:37-54)
Sadi jaw ai hte shalan ai lam (12:1-13:9)
- 83 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

VI.

Yerusalem de myiman yawng sa wa ai lam


19:1-22:45
1.
2.
3
4.

YAWHAN LAIKA
A

LAM

5.

(The Gospel According to JOHN)

6.
7.
8.
9.

awhan hte Synoptic Gospels (Mahte, Marku, Luka) ni


shai nga ai. Synoptic Gospels gaw Yesu hpe,
shinggyim masha majing mung re, rai tim, Karai
Kasang a kasha mung re sha n-ga, Karai Kasang san da ai
Meshia (Hkristu) mung re ngu shaleng da ma ai. Rai tim,
Yawhan a laika hta gaw Yesu shi nan shawng ningpawt kaw
nna nga ai Karai Kasang re, ngu ai hpe grau madung dat
shaleng da ai hpe mu lu ga ai.

10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.

Yawhan Laika Hpe Ka Ai Wa (The author)


Yawhan laika hta ka ai wa kadai re ngu ai amying n
lawm ai. 21:20,24 hta Yesu tsaw ra ai sape ka da ai re ai lam
sha mu lu ai. Moi na hpung ni a hkringhtawng hku hkai hkrat
wa ai matsun maroi ga ni hta gaw kasa Yawhan ka ai re ngu
tsun ma ai. Kasa Yawhan gaw, Ehpesu mare hta asak kaba
ten du hkra nga nna, dai mare kaw nga ai aten hta si mat wa
- 88 -

VII.

Yesu Zake hte hkrum ai lam (19:1-10)


Ja dingga a ga shadawn (19:11-27)
Yerusalem de shang wa ai lam (19:28-40)
Yesu Yerusalem a matu hkrap ai lam (19:4144)
Yesu nawku hktingnu de sa ai lam
(19:45-47)
Yesu gaw gade a ahkang aya hte sharin shaga
ai ga san (20:1-8)
Sabyi sun shap ya ai ga shadawn (20:9-18)
Hkangse bang ai ga san (20:19-26)
Bai hkrung rawt ai lam nga n nga ga san (20:2740)
Meshia ga san (20:41-44)
Tara sara ni hpe sadi jaw ai lam (20:45-47)
Gaida jan a alu (21:1-4)
Yerusalem hten wa na lam (21:5-24)
Masha kasha bai du sa na lam (21:25-38)
Yesu hpe gyam ai lam (22:1-6)
Yesu a shana shat sha poi (22:7-23)
Kadai wa grau kaba ai lam (22:24-30)
Petru Yesu hpe nyet kau na lam (22:31-35)
Nhtu mari da na lam (22:36-38)
Getseman sun e Yesu akyu hpyi ai lam (22:3946)

Yesu hpe rim la ai lam, je yang ai hte sat ai lam


22:47-23:49
- 85 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

VIII.

Makoi mayang ai lam, bai hkrung rawt wa ai lam


23:50-24:12

IX.

Hkrung rawt nna sape ni kaw dan pru ai lam


24:13-52
Luka Laika A Karai Masa Mungga (The Theological
Message)
Yesu Hkristu a ru sai labau hpe Adam kaw nna hpang
let, Yesu Hkristu gaw mungkan shinggyim masha yawng hpe
hkye la ai hkye madu re ngu sakse hkam da ai mungga re.
Sumsing mungdan gaw Samari ni (9:51-56, 10:30-37, 17:1119), tara maigan ni (2:32, 3:6, 4:25-27, 10:1, 24:47), Yuda ni
(1:33, 2:33, 2:10), mung shawa hte seng ai bungli galaw ai
ni, ahkun hkanse hta ai ni, yubak mara lu ai ni, shinggyim
wuhpawng kaw masha n sawn la hkrum ai ni, wuhpawng a
shinggan de nga ra ai ni ( 3:12, 5:27-32, 7:37-50, 19:2-10,
23:43); lu su ai ni (19:2, 23:5),; num la yawng a matu re, ngu
mungkan shinggyim masha yawng a matu chyinghka hpaw
da ya nga ai lam htawn tsun ai mungga re. Mungga madung
gaw,
1) Karai Kasang a up hkang ai lam hpe shaleng dan
ai lam rai nga ai. Shinggyim masha shagu (sh)
wuhpawng hta Karai Kasang a up hkang ai lam du
jang dai masha (sh) wuhpawng gaw galai shai wa ai
ngu ai re. Karai Kasang a up hkang ai n pu hta
shinggyim masha yawng gaw ahkaw ahkang maren
sha, madang maren sha, manu dan ai lam maren sha
re. Shinggyim ahkaw ahkang hkrat sum ai ni, yubak lu
ai ni, masha n sawn la hkrum ai ni Karai Kasang a up
- 86 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

hkang ai npu hta shagrau la hkrum, manu shadan


hkrum, tsaw ra la hkrum ai lam htawn tsun dan ai re.
Yesu Hkristu gaw Karai majing rai nna, Meshia (sh)
myithtoi ni a mungga hku ga sadi jaw tsun da ai
hkawhkam (promised king) rai nna, Karai Kasang a
up hkang ai mungkan a lam n dau shana ai hte, hpang
jahtum jeyang na Karai Kasang a up hkang lam hpe n
dau shana na matu du sa ai re.
2) Yesu Hkristu gaw shinggyim masha yawng a
hkye hkrang la ai madu re. Yesu gaw Karai Kasang
a yaw shada ai lam hpe shadik shatup ai shangun
ma; Karai Kasang a hkye hkrang la ai lam hpe shadik
shatup ai wa; Karai Kasang a tsaw ra myit hpe
shinggyim masha ni hpang de shadan shaleng dan ai
wa; Kam sham ai ni hpe Karai Kasang hpe shakawn
shagrau na matu lam woi ai wa; asak hkrung ai Karai
a shingni maka hte, hta ni hta na grin ai mungdan hpe,
shi a asak hkrung lam, tsun shaga sharin achyin ai
hku shadan dan ai wa; Chyoi pra ai Wenyi a marai
hkum hte magam bungli hpe shadan dan ai wa; tut
nawng akyu hpyi ai hku nna Kawa Karai Kasang hte
matut mahkai nga ai wa; shinggyim masha yawng a
matu hkye hkrang la ai kabu gara lam gun sa ai wa;
ngu ai hku Yesu a hkye hkrang la ai sasana bungli hpe
shaleng da ai mungga rai nga ai.
**********

- 87 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.

Yesu Simun hte Andre hpe shaga la ai lam (1:3542)


Yesu Hpilip hte Nahtanela hpe shaga ai lam (1:4351)
Kana mare na hkungran poi
(2:1-12)
Yesu nawku htingnu de sa ai lam
(2:13-25)
Yesu hte Nikodi a lam (3:1-21)
Yesu hte hkalup sara Yawhan a lam (3:22-30)
Yesu gaw sumsing lamu na sa wa ai wa re ai lam
(3:31-36)
Yesu hte Samari num sha langai mi a lam
(4:1-41)
Yesu Kaperna-um mare na du langai a shadang
sha hpe shamai ai lam (4:43-54)
Yesu hka lawng makau kaw machyi masha ni hpe
shamai ai lam (5:1-18)
Yesu shi a ahkang aya hpe shaleng dan ai lam
(5:19-47)
Yesu masha 5000 hpe lusha daw ai lam
(6:1-15)
Yesu hka ntsa hkawm ai lam (6:16-21)
Yesu gaw asak muk re ai lam (6:22-59)
Asak jahkrung ai gaw wenyi rai nga ai lam (6:6070)
Sum poi shani a mabyin masa ni (7:1-52)
Shut hpyit ai num langai mi a lam (8:1-11)
Yesu gaw mungkan ga a nhtoi re ai lam
(8:12-20)
Yesu gaw Karai Kasang a shangun dat ai amu hpe
she galaw ai lam (8:21-30)

- 92 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

ai re. Shawng na Hkristan nawku hpung a hpung kawa


Irenaeus (A.D 130-200) mung Yawhan laika hpe kasa Yawhan
asak kaba sai ten, Ehpesu mare kaw nga nna ka ai re ngu
tsun sharin wu ai. Yawhan laika hta Yesu Hkristu a lam hpe
Yesu hte ni htep ai hku hku hkau let, Yesu sharin ai lam ni,
galaw ai magam bungli ni hpe myi chyaw mu ai wa ka da ai
hku sawn la lu ai majaw, Kasa Yawhan ka ai re ngu hkam la
ai lam re. Bai nna, Yesu tsaw ra ai sape ngu ai gaw kasa
Yawhan hpe tsun ai re ngu, kam ai majaw mung kasa Yawhan
hpe Yawhan laika ka ai wa ngu kam ma ai.
Rai tim Papias of Hierapolis (AD140) wa tsun ai gaw
Ehpesu mare kaw kasa Yawhan hte, asak kaba sai hpung
salang Yawhan (Kasa Yawhan a sape) ngu ai Yawhan
lahkawng nga lai wa sai. Dai re ai majaw, hpung salang
Yawhan mung Yawhan laika hpe ka ai wa mai byin ai ngu ka
da lai wa sai.
Dai majaw, ndai prat na Chyum ninghkrin ni gaw kasa
Yawhan ka ai ngu ai hpe n hkap la ma ai. Kasa Yawhan tsun
hkai sakse hkam dan ai lam ni hpe, ta tut laika hkrang hku
hkum tsup hkra, hpung salang Yawhan madaw she ka ai re
ngu sawn la ma ai.
Yawhan Laika Hpe Ka Ai Shara Hte Shaning (Place &
Date)
AD 90 hte 100 daram hta Ehpesu mare hta ka ai re
ngu Chyum ninghkrin ni malawng hkap la ma ai.

- 89 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Yawhan Laika Ka Ai Shaloi Na Mabyin (Occasion)


Yawhan laika ka ai aten hta lak lai ai mabyin 2 Hkristan
hpung masha ni hta byin nga ai aten re.
1) Hkristan makam masham gaw, Yuda n re ai tara
maigan ni hpang de chyam bra nga ai aten re. Dai
aten hta, Yesu hpe hkye hkrang la ai madu hku hkap
la kam sham ai ni gaw, Yuda ni hta tara maigan ni
gaw grau law ai aten re. Dai tara mai gan kaw na galai
shai wa ai hpung masha ni hta Greek htunghking hte
makam masham ni a myit sawn ningchyoi masa
(Greek philosophy) ni matut ka-up nga ai majaw,
Hkristan makam masham hpe shanhte chye na loi ai
ga hkum ni, myit hkawn ningchyoi masa (philosophy)
ni hte tsun dan ra ai aten rai nga ai. Ga shadawn, Mahte
laika na galu galang ka da ai Yuda ni a ru sai labau ni,
Yesu gaw Dawi a aru arat ngu ai ni, Meshia ngu ai ni
gaw, Greek masha langai a matu jasam zawn rai nga
ai. Shanhte a labau hta n nga ai majaw, lak lai shai ai
nam chyim hpe n lu la shangun nga ai. Bai nna, Hkristan
tai na matu Yuda ni a labau, Yuda ni a myihtoi ga ni
hpe shawng chye na hkap la ra ai zawn rai wa ai.
Hkristan tai na matu, shanhte a htunghking, myit sawn
ningchyoi masa ni yawng hpe kabai kau da ra na kun?
ngu ai ga san ni mung pru wa ai. Dai re ai majaw,
Yesu gaw Karai majing rai nna, shawng ningpawt kaw
nna nga ai Karai, dai Karai gaw shinggyim hkum
hkrang dagraw let, mungkan shinggyim masha yawng
hpe hkye la ai madu re ngu ai hpe, Yuda ni mung chye
na, Greek myit sawn ningchyoi masa ka-up nga ai
- 90 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Hkristan ni mung chye na rai na hku alak mi kabu gara


shiga mungga hpe ka da ra ai lam pru wa ai re.
2) Shut shai ai hku sharin achyin nga ai ni hpe shading
sharai ya ra ai aten mung re. a) Yuda Hkristan nkau
mi Hkalup sara Yawhan hpe ladu lai shagrau shatsaw
nna, Hkalup sara Yawhan a sape hpung ni ngu
wuhpawng ni hpaw rai nga wa ma ai. Dai gaw Yesu
hte maren sha hku ahkyak da ai zawn san wa ai majaw
shading sharai ya ra wa ai. b) Gnosticism ni a n dai
mungkan hpe Karai Kasang hpan da ai n re, nau n
san seng n chyoi pra mat wa ai karai kaji ni she hpan
da ai ngu sharin shut ai lam ni; Docetism ni a, Yesu
Hkristu kaw jet ai shinggyim hkum hkrang n nga ai,
shinggyim hkum hkrang hku n sam shadan dan ai lam
she re ngu sharin shut ai lam ni hpe shading sharai ya
ra ai majaw, Yawhan laika hpe ka ra wa ai re.
Yawhan Laika A Yaw Shada Ai Lam (Purpose)
Yesu Hkristu gaw shinggyim hkum hkrang dagraw ai
Karai Kasang re ai lam hpe, Yuda Hkristan ni hte Greek myit
sawn ningchyoi masa ka-up nga ai tara mai gan Hkristan ni
yawng chye na hkawn hkrang lu na matu hte, Yesu Hkristu
hpe kam sham let htani htana asak lu la mu ga ngu yaw shada
ai lam rai nga ai.
Malawm Ni (Contents)
1.
Asak mungga a lam (1:1-18)
2.
Hkalup sara Yawhan a mungga (1:19-28)
3.
Karai Kasang a sagu kasha a lam
(1:29-34)

- 91 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

YAWHAN LAIKA HTE SYNOPTIC GOSPELS


(MT, MK, LK) SHAI HKAT AI LAM NI
I.

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

23.
24.

Yesu a marai hkum (The Person of Jesus)

25.

1.

26.

Yawhan laika hta Yesu hte Karai Kasang


langai sha re ai ngu tsun ai (10:30). Rai tim
Synoptic Gospels hta gaw Yesu hpe Karai
Kasang zawn daru magam ahkaw ahkang
lu ai wa hku sha ka da ai. Karai Kasang
hte langai sha hku n tsun ai.

27.

28.
2.

3.

Yawhan laika hta Yesu a lam hpe sum sing


lamu kaw na hpang ai. Shawng ningpawt e
mungga nga ai, dai mungga gaw Karai
Kasang hte rau rai nga ai, ngu tsun sharin
ai. Rai tim Mahte hte Luka hta gaw
Betlehem hta shangai wa ai kaw na hpang
nna, Marku hta gaw hkalup hkam la ai kaw
na hpang ai.
Yawhan laika hta Yesu gaw si hkam na re,
dai hku si hkam ai hta na Karai Kasang
shagrau sha-a la na lam tsun da ai (3:14,
12:32). Rai tim Synoptic Gospels hta gaw
Yesu si hkam ra ai lam hta na, lawt na matu
Getseman sun kaw akyu hpyi ai nna, jahtum
e Kawa Karai Kasang a sharawng awng
ai lam a matu shi hkum shi ap ai hku tsun
da nga ai (Lk. 22:42).
- 96 -

29.
30.
31.
32.

33.
34.
35.
36.

Kam sham ai ni sape teng teng tai na lam


(8:31-47)
Hkritung kaw na myi kyaw ai wa hpe shamai ya ai
lam hte, wenyi hta myi kyaw ai lam
(9:1-41)
Yesu gaw sagu rem wa kaja re ai lam
(10:1-21)
Yuda masha ni Yesu hpe rim la na gyam ai hte,
Yesu shi nan Hkristu re ai lam sang lang ai lam ni
(10:22-42)
Lazaru hpe si ai kaw na jahkrung la ai hte Hparishe
hte Hkinjawng ni Yesu hpe rim la na gyam ai lam
(11:1-57)
Yesu Behtani mare na Lazaru yan nau ni a nta hta
nga yang na lam (12:1-11)
Yesu Yerusalem mare de lawze jawn let shang wa
ai lam
(12:9-19)
Heleni masha ni Yesu hpe tam ai lam
(12:20-26)
Yesu shi si hkam na re ai lam (12:27-36)
Yesu hpe kam ai gaw Kawa Karai Kasang hpe
kam ai re ai lam hte Yesu hpe mu ai gaw Kawa
Karai Kasang hpe mada mu ai lam (12:37-50)
Yesu sape ni a lagaw kashin ya ai lam
(13:1-20)
Yuda Iscariot Yesu hpe nyet kau na re ngu Yesu
tau tsun dan ai lam (13:21-29)
Yesu tara ningnan jaw ai hte Petru Yesu hpe nyet
kau na lam (13:30-38)
Yesu sumsing mingdan hta nga shara law law nga
ai lam tsun dan ai hte Chyoi pra ai wenyi shangun
dat na lam (14:1-31)
- 93 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.

Yesu gaw tengman ai tsabyi ru re ai lam


(15:1-17)
Mungkan masha ni ndawng nyawt na re ai lam
(15:18-16:4)
Chyoi pra ai wenyi a magam bungli ni
(16:5-15)
Htani htana kabu gara lu na lam (16:16-33)
Yesu akyu hpyi ai lam (17:1-26)
Yesu hpe rim la ai hte je yang ai lam (18:1-40)
Yesu hpe jen sat ai hte lup makoi ai lam
(19:1-42)
Yesu bai hkrung rawt ai hte shi hkum bai shadan
dan ai lam ni
(chs 20-21)

Yawhan Laika A Karai Masa Mungga (Theological


Message)
Mungga madung gaw, Yesu gaw, Karai Kasang a
kasha ngu ai, Hkrsitu rai nga ai hpe, kam sham lu nna, Shi
a mying ningsang a marang e asak hkrung ai lu la myit ga
(20:31) ngu ai rai nga ai.
1) Yesu Hkristu gaw, Meshia ngu ai shawng ningpawt kaw na
nga ai Karai Kasang a mungga, dai mungga nan Karai
Kasang rai nga ai; arai yawng mayawng hpe byin tai nga
shangun ai wa; asak daju hte shinggyim masha ni a nhtoi re
(1:1-4) ngu tsun shaleng dan ai re.
Mau hpa lamik kum la ni hte hkrang shapraw dan let, Yesu a
Meshia shingni maka hpe shangang shakang dan da wu ai.
Yesu Hkristu gaw hkye la madu Meshia re ngu ai hpe ninghkap
ai ni nga lai wa sai hte, shanhte Yesu hpe wudang ntsa hta
- 94 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

jen sat kau ma ai. Rai tim Yesu gaw wudang ntsa si hkam ai
hte bai hkrung rawt ai hku nna, hkye madu Meshia re ngu ai
hpe jahkum shatsup dan ai hte, Karai Kasang a yaw shada
ai lam ni hpe shadan dan sai re, ngu ai mungga rai nga ai.
2) Yesu Hkristu gaw shinggyim masha ni hpe asak hka hpawk,
asak muk, asak a nhtoi jaw nga ai. Yesu gaw shinggyim
masha ni asak hkrung lu na hte nhpaw nya lu la mu ga ngu du
sa ai wa re. Yesu Hkristu hku nna sha, Karai Kasang hpang
de shinggyim masha ni du wa lu ai, htani htana asak lu la lu
ai. Yesu Hkristu hpe Kam sham ai hte htani htana asak lu la
mai ai. (3:16; 5:24;10:10; 20:31) ngu ai mungga re.
3) Yubak lu ai shinggyim masha ni hpe tsaw ra ai majaw hkye
la na matu wudang ntsa hta Yesu si hkam ai re.Yesu Hkristu
hku nna, Karai Kasang madun ai tsaw ra myit hpe kasi la
nna, Karai Kasang hpe mung, shinggyim masha shada mung
tsawra ra ai. (13:34-35; 14:31; 15:12,17).
4) Yesu gaw Karai Kasang a sharawng awng ai lam hpe
shadan dan na matu ndai mungkan de du sa ai wa re. Yesu
gaw tara jeyang lu ai hpung shingkang hte, htani htana asak
jaw ya lu ai ahkang aya lu ai wa re. Tinang a asak hpe sak
nawng lu ai hte, tinang a asak hpe bai lu la lu ai hpung
shingkang rawng ai wa re. Dai re ai majaw, Yesu Hkristu a
hpung shingkang npu e asak hkrung na matu saw lajin ai
mungga re.
**********

- 95 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

4.

KASA LAIKA
(The Acts of the Apostles)
Kasa Laika Hpe Ka Ai Wa (The Author)
Kasa laika hpe ka ai wa hte Luka laika hpe ka ai wa
gaw marai langai sha re ngu chyum ninghkrin ni malawng
hkap la ma ai. Hpa majaw nga yang dai lahkawng yan gaw
Htawhpilu (Theophilus) ngu ai masha langai hpang de
hkringdat tawn nna ka ai majaw re (LK. 1:3; Kasa 1:1). Dai
majaw Kasa Laika hpe Heleni masha, Kasa Pawlu hte rau
sasana bungli galaw manang, tsi sara Luka wa ka da ai re
ngu, chyum ninghkrin ni malawng hkap la ma ai. Rai tim n
kau mi chyawm gaw, mying n chye ai, Greek laika kung kyang
ai hte Htawhpilu hte hku hkau ai, tara mai gan kaw na Hkristan
tai wa ai, Hkristan langai ka da ai re ngu tsun ma ai.
Kasa Laika Ka Ai Aten (Date)
Kasa laika gaw Kasa Pawlu asak naw hkrung nga ai
aten hte hpungdim dat da ai re majaw (Kasa 28:30-31), A.D
63 daram hta ka da ai re ngu chyum ninghkrin ni nkau mi
tsun ma ai. Rai tim nkau mi gaw Luka gaw Marku laika hpe
mung mahta nna ka ai re majaw, A.D 70 a hpang daw de she
ka da ai ngu tsun ma ai.31

II.

Yawhan laika hta Yesu gaw htani htana


asak jaw lu ai wa re, shi hpe kam sham ai
ni htani htanna asak lu la na re ngu ai hpe
madung dat tsun da ai (3:16, 6:40). Rai tim
Synoptic Gospels hta gaw shi hpe kam
sham na ntsun ai sha, myit malai nna Kawa
Karai Kasang hpang de kayin wa yang
mara raw dat kau ya na lam hpe madung
dat tsun da nga ai.

Yesu galaw ai amu ni (The deeds of Jesus)


1.

Yawhan laika hta Yesu mauhpa lamik kum


la galaw ai shaloi masha ni shi hpe kam
wa ma ai ngu tsun da ai (2:11, 4:53; 9:3538). Synoptic Gospels hta gaw Yesu mau
hpa lamik kum la madun ai shaloi masha
ni mau ma ai, ngu tsun da nga ai ( Mk 2:12;
5:42; 7:37).

2.

Yawhan laika hta Yesu nat ni hpe shaden ai


lam n ka da ai. Synoptic Gospels hta Yesu
a nat shaden ai amu gaw mauhpa re ai hku
ka da nga ai.

31

Craig S. Keener, The IVP Bible Backgriund Commentary : Naw Testament


(Downers Grove, Illinois: InterVarsity Press, 1993), Pp.320-321.

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- 97 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

III.

Yesu a sharin achyin ai lam (The teaching of


Jesus)
1.

2.

IV.

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Yawhan laika hta Yesu gaw asak, nhtoi,


sagu rem wa kaja, tsabyi ru madung,
tengman ai wa re ngu ai hpe madung dat
let, Yesu shi kadai re ngu ai hte htani htana
asak a lam hpe sang lang dan da nga ai.
Synoptic Gosples hta gaw Karai Kasang a
mungdan a lam, Yuda tara sara a lam, Karai
Kasang gaw tsawra ai, mara dat ya ai wa
re ai lam hpe, madaw madung dat ka da
nga ai.
Yawhan laika hta ga shadawn ni nmu lu ai.
Synoptic Gospels hta gaw Yesu shi tsun
mayu ai lam ni hpe ga shadawn ni hte sang
lang dan da ai.

2.

Yawhan laika hta Yesu gaw Yuda mung (sh)


Yerusalem hta grau nna sasana amu galaw
ni lam tsun da ai. Synoptic Gospels hta gaw
Galile mung e law malawng sasana amu
galaw nna, Yerusalem kaw gaw laban bat
mi daram sha galaw ai lam mu lu ai.

3.

Yawhan laika gaw Yesu a marai hkum


shingni hpe grau madung dat nna, Yesu
gaw kadai wa re ai hpe tsun dan da ai.
Synoptic hta gaw Yesu galaw ai amu ni hpe
grau madung dat nna, Yesu kadai wa re ngu
ai hpe tsun dan nga ai.30

**********

Yesu sasana amu galaw ai prat ladaw


(Chronology)
1.

Yawhan laika hta shalai wa ai poi hpe


masum lang Yesu lawm ai hku ka da ai
majaw, Yesu sasana amu galaw ai shaning
gaw masum ning re ngu ai hku ka da nga
ai. Synoptic Gospels hta gaw shalai wa ai
poi hte seng nna kalang mi hpe sha tsun
da ai majaw, Yesu a sasana magam gun
hpai ai aten ladaw gaw laning mi daram
sha re ngu ai hku ka da nga ai.
- 98 -

30

Eh Wah , New Testament Introduction, Lecture Note fot B.Th course,


Myanmar Institute of Theology,Insein, 1993. Pp.16-17.

- 99 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

3.

Kesarea de rap wa ai lam(20:13-21:14)

VII. Pawlu Yerusalem e nga ai lam 21:15-23:22


1. Pawlu salang ni hte hkrum ai lam (21:15-25)
2. Pawlu rim la hkrum ai lam (21:26-40)
3. Pawlu shawa masha hpe ga tsun ai lam
(22:1-21)
4. Roma hkyuk hta rawng ai hte san jep je yang hkrum
ai lam (22:22-23:11)
5. Pawlu hpe lu sat hkra gyam ai lam (23:12-22)
VIII. Pawlu hpe Kesre mung de htawt sa kau ai lam
23:23-26:32
1.
2.
3.
4.

IX.

Pawlu hpe munggyi Hpilip hpang de dat dat ai lam


(23:23-35)
Munggyi Hpilik a man e Pawlu sakse hkam ai lam
(24:1-27)
Munggyi Hpestu a man e mang hkang jawm hparan
hkat ai lam (25:1-12)
Hkawhkam Agripa a man e mang hkang hparan ai
lam (25:13-26:32)

Roma mare kaba de bawng masha langai hku kasa


Pawlu hpe woi wa ai lam 27:1-28:16
1.
2.
3.
4.

Itali mung de rap sa wa ai lam (27:1-12)


Sang hpaw li hten mat ai lam (27:13-45)
Melite zinlawng e karing karang masha ni hte hkrum
ai lam (28:1-10)
Roma mare kaba de matut sa wa ai lam
(28:11-16)
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GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Kasa Laika A Yaw Shada Ai Lam (Purpose)


Nawku hpung npawt de hpang wa ai lam hte, Chyoi
Pra ai Wenyi a daru magam hpung shingkang hte Hkristan
makam masham chyam bra wa ai lam labau hku ka mazing
da ai laika rai nga ai. N kam sham ai, Romma ni up ai
mungkan hta, makam masham ngang ngang kang kang hte
Hkristan ni sak hkrung nga lu na matu, n gun jaw mayu ai
majaw ka mazing da ai labau laika mung rai nga ai.
Malawm Ni (Contents)
Kasa laika gaw Hkristan makam masham chyam bra
wa ai lam hpe Yerusalem kaw nna Roma mungdan du hkra
na labau hpe ka da nga ai. Yesu sumsing lamu de bai lung
mat wa ai lam hte, chyoi pra ai wenyi kasa ni kaw yu wa nna
lam woi ai lam, kasa ni Yesu Hkristu a hkye hkrang la ai lam
hpe gwi gwi htawn tsun ai lam, labau ni hpe ka da nga ai.
Yuda mung hte kaga tara maigan amyu ni a lapran hta Hkristan
hpung byin pru wa ai lam ni hte, Chyoi pra ai wenyi a lam woi
ai a marang e Hkristan makam masham gaw mungkan ting
hte seng ai makam masham rai wa ai lam sakse hkam da ai
laika mung rai nga ai.
I. Yerusalem hpung kaw nna Hkristan hpung hpang wa
ai lam (1:1-8:1)
1.
2.

Yesu lamu de lung wa ai lam hte, chyoi pra ai wenyi


hpe la nga ai lam (1:1-14)
Yuda Iskarut wa a malai Mahtahtia hpe lata bang ai
lam (1:15-26)
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GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

3.
4.

Pentikoti shani wenyi yu wa ai lam (2:1-13)


Petru a mungga hte myit malai hkalup hkam la ai
lam (2:14-47)
5. Lagaw hten ai wa hpe Petru shamai ya ai lam
(3:1-10)
6. Petru hte Yawhan nawku htingnu kaw mungga hkaw
ai lam (3:11-4:31)
7. Yerusalem mare kaw sasana bungli a matu arung
arai mahkawng ai (4:32-37)
8. Anani hte Sahpira yan kadawng si ai lam
(5:1-11)
9. Kasa ni hpe salang hpawng de shaga ai lam
(5:12-42)
10. Hpungtau marai 7 lata la ai lam (6:1-7)
11. Stehpan hpe nlung hte kabai sat ai lam
(6:8-8:1)
II. Zingri hkrum ai lam, kabu gara shiga chyam bra wa
ai lam (8:2-12:25)
1. Shawng nnan na zingri hkrum ai lam, Samari masha
myit malai lu ai lam (8:2-25)
2. Hpilip hte Ehtiopi kunhting wa a lam
(8:26-40)
3. Damasaku lam hta Pawlu myit malai lu ai lam (9:132)
4. Petru Luda hte Jopa mare e nga ai lam (9:33-42)
5. Petru hte Korneli (10:1-48)
6. Petru maigan ni kaw sasana galaw ai hpe kasa ni
hkap la ai (11:1-18)

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

7.

III. Hkristan hpung chyam bra wa ai lam, Kupru, Suri


hte Asi de (13:1-16:5)
1.
2.

3.
4.

Antikoti kaw na Barnaba hte Pawlu hpe sasana dat


ai lam (13:1-3)
Sasana hkrun lam langai, Salami, Pahpu, Pega,
Pisidia, Antikoti, Ikonia, hte Darbe de ( 1 3 : 4 14:28)
Yerusalem council (15:1-35)
Pawlu hte Barnaba garan wa ai lam(15:36-16:6)

IV. Hkristan hpung gaw Uropa de chyam wa ai lam


16:6-18:28
1.

2.
3.

Lahkawng lang ngu na sasana hkrun lam, Hpilipi,


Htesaloni, Berea, Ahten, Korinhtu
(16:618:17)
Antikoti de Pawlu nhtang wa ai lam(18:18-23)
Apolo gaw Priskila yan Akula hte hkrum ai lam
(18:24-28)

V. Masum lang ngu na sasana hkrun lam 19:1-41


VI. Pawlu Palestina de sa wa ai lam 20:1-21:14
1.
2.

- 102 -

Lahkawng lang ngu na zingri zingrat ai lam, Yaku


hpe sat kau ai hte Petru hpe htawng jahkrat ai lam
(12:1-25)

Makedoni hte Greek mung de hpung ni hpe kawan


ai lam (20:1-6)
Troa mare e
(20:7-12)
- 103 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

mare kaba rai nna, Alexandria hte Ahten mare ngut jang, hpaji
byengya lam hta mying kaba dik mare re. Galoi shangai ai
ngu ai hpe gaw hkrak tup n chye lu tim, A.D 10 ning daram
hta shangai ai ngu labau ninghkrin ni hte chyum ninghkrin ni
sawn la ma ai. Kanu a lam hte seng nna, n chye lu ga ai.
Kawa a lam hte seng nna gaw, Hparishe re (Kasa 23:6) ngu
chye lu ga ai. Kanu kawa yan gaw Roma mung chying sha re
ai majaw, Pawlu mung Roma mungchying sha re ngu chye lu
ga ai (Kasa 22:28). Yuda mung a shinggan Roma empire
kata bra hkawm ai Yuda (diaspora Jew) dinghku kaw na
shangai wa ai wa rai nga ai. Kasa Pawlu a aten hta Yuda
masha nkau mi Roma Empire shara shagu de bra hkawm ai
rai tim, Yuda wuhpawng nga ai shara shagu hta tara jawng
(Synnagogues) nga ai hpe chye lu ai. Dai majaw, Kasa Pawlu
mung Yuda nawku htung tara kata gaba wa ai wa re.
Hpaji
Yuda tara jawng hta Yuda chyum laika ni hpe sharin la
let, tara sara Rabai ni a matsun maroi ga ni hpe hkam la nna
kaba wa ai wa re. Yuda makam masham hta myit maju jung
ai ramma re ai hte maren, Yerusalem mare de sa nna Yuda
ni a jep ai tara ni hpe sharin la wu ai. Mying gumhkawng ai
Yuda tara sara Gemalela ngu ai wa a Hparishe dakkasu hta
hpaji sharin la ngut ai wa re. Greek hte Hebre ga laika ni
kung kyang ai wa re. Hpaga dingga lam mung kung kyang ai
wa re. Dai majaw ja gumhpraw ra wa ai aten hta janghpang
chywi sha nna gumhpraw chye tam la ai wa re (Kasa 18:3).33

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

X.

Roma mare e nga yang na lam, dai mare hta bawng


masha hku nna lahkawng ning daram kasa Pawlu
nga lai wa ai lam 28:17-31

Kasa Laika A Karai Masa Mungga


(Theological Message)
1)

Yesu Hkristu gaw sape ni a makam hkri dun rai nga ai.
Yesu Hkristu a bai hkrung rawt let shi hkum shadan dan
ai lam gaw, sape ni hpe daru magam hpung shingkang
jaw ai lam tai wa ai sha n-ga, mungkan shinggyim masha
yawng a matu kabu gara shi ga rai wa ai re.

2)

Hpung ngu byin wa ai a npawt hte nawku hpung a shingni


maka (nature) ni hpe tsun dan ai mungga rai nga ai. Karai
Kasang a kashu kasha ni hku nna kyu hpyi ai hte Karai
Kasang kaw na daru magam hpung shingkang lu la mai
ai (1:12-26). Bai nna, anhte kadai rai ga ta? hpa majaw
anhte ndai mungkan hta asak hkrung nga ga a ta? ngu
ai mahtai hpe mung lu la shangun nga ai. Kam sham ai
ni nlang hte gaw, Pentekoti shani Chyoi Pra ai Wenyi
hpring shajang nna, Karai Kasang a sasana bungli a
matu atsam ningnan hte shatsam dat ai hkrum ma ai (2:113). Chyum laika jawm hka ja ai, rau ganawn mazum ai,
Yesu a shana shat rau sha ai, kyu hpyi ai, shada garum
shaingtau daw jau hkat ai, kabu gara shi ga htawn tsun
ai lam ni gaw prat ban shagu na Hkristan ni galaw ra ai,
Karai shatsam magam bungli hku shadum ai mungga
mung rai nga ai (2:42-47).

33

Don Fleming, Compiled., Bible Knowledge Dictionary (Brisbane: Bridgeway


Publications, 1990), P.326.

- 108 -

- 105 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

3) Hkum pat shingdang lam, dingbai ding na jaw hkrum ai


lam, zingri zingrat lam ni nga ai rai tim, kam sham ai
hpung masha ni law htam wa ai hte, nawku hpung ni law
htam wa ai sakse hpe mung madun dan da nga ai.
Nawku hpung ni a sasana magam bungli gaw Yesu
Hkristu a hkang da ai ga ni hpe madat mara na matu hte
Yesu shangun ai sasana bungli hta ap nawng daw jau na
matu rai nga ai (1:8). Hpa lam mi hkrum hkra wa ai rai
tim, Yesu a matu sakse tai na matu rai nga ai. Chyoi pra
ai Wenyi a daru magam hpung shingkang hte Yerusalem
kaw na, Romma mare du hkra Yesu Hkristu a hkye hkrang
la ai kabu gara shi ga hpe sape ni gwi gwi htawn tsun ai
lam ni hku nna, dai ni na Hkristan ni hpe Karai Kasang a
yaw shada ai lam gaw sasana galaw na matu re lam
shadum nga ai.
4) Karai Kasang gaw shinggyim masha yawng hpe hpan
da ai wa re ai hte maren, shinggyim masha yawng gaw
Yesu Hkristu hku nna Karai Kasang a kashu kasha tai lu
na ahkaw ahkang maren jaw da hkrum ai ni rai ga ai
(10:34). Shinggyim masha ni yawng hpe Karai Kasang
jaw ya nga ai tsaw ra myit hte chyeju akyu ara (grace)
hpe, hkap la let bai htang na ahkaw ahkang jaw da nga
ai. Karai Kasang gaw kam sham ai hpung masha ni
yawng hte Chyoi Pra ai Wenyi hku rau nga nga ai. Chyoi
pra ai Wenyi a jaw e kam sham ai ni gaw n-gun atsam
(power) (1:8), nden marai (boldness) (5:29), hte hpaji
machye machyang (wisdom)(6:3) lu la ma ai. Moi na
sape ni dai chyeju ni hta mahta nna, Yesu Hkristu a hkye
hkrang la ai kabu gara shi ga hpe htawn tsun lai wa
masai, ngu ai mungga mung rai nga ai.

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

KASA PAWLU
A
LAM
Mying
Israela amyu, Benyamen lakung na re (Hpil 3:5). Hebre
mying Shawlu rai nna, Roma mying Pawlu rai nga ai. Kasa
Pawlu a aten hta Suri masha (Syrian) ni hte, Kiliki mung na
masha (Cilician) ni hta tinang a myu sha mying hte, Greek
laika hte hpaji chye ai Roma mung chying sha ngu ai lachyum
hpe shapraw ai mying ngu nna, mying lahkawng shamying
ma ai. Pawlu (Paul) ngu ai lachyum gaw masha shingtek/
masha kaji ngu ai rai nga ai. 32
Labau Kadun
Kasa Pawlu a dai daw buga gaw Kiliki (Cilicia)
mung,Tashu (Tarsus) mare re (Kasa 21:39; 22:3). Tashu mare
gaw mying kaba ai hpaga yamga daju shara langai rai nna,
masha amyu baw hkum ai hte makam masham htunghking
hkum ai shara re. Hpaji jawng dakkasu hte tsi jawng ni nga ai
32
Merrill F. Unger, Ungers Bible Dictionary (Chicago: Moody Press, 1987),
P.831.

**********
- 106 -

- 107 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

HTESALONI
NI KAW
SHAGUN DAT AI LAIKA I
(Pauls First Letter to the Thessalonians)

Htesaloni mare (the city of Thessalonica)

tesaloni mare gaw Mediteranian panglai a sinpraw


maga na Makedoni mung a sanghpaw daru mare rai
nna, Makedini ginwang a mare daju rai nga ai. Greek
ni de da ai mare re. Roma ni bai mungkan hpe up ai shaloi
Roman Empire a mung masa hku ahkyak ai mare tai wa ai.
Htesalini mare gaw Roma mare kaw na Asia Minor de sa ai
ru di madung lam ntsa kaw de da ai mare re.35 Kasa Pawlu a
aten hta Htesaloni mare gaw, Yuda ni mung masa hku ka-up
sha nga ai mare re.

35

Don Fleming, Compiled., Bible Knowledge Dictionary (Brisbane: Bridgeway


Publications, 1990), P. 435.

- 112 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Hkristan tai wa ai lam


Pawlu gaw, Yuda ni a Jep ai tara ni hpe makawp maga
ai Hparishe re ai hte maren, Hkristan ni hpe zingri zingrat di
ai wa re. Stehpan hpe mung Yuda Jep ai tara ni hpe gumlang
ai wa re majaw nlung hte kabai sat kau gying ai wa re ngu
hkam la lai wa sai wa re (Kasa 6:13; 7:58; Phil 3:6). Yuda
kawngsi (Sanhedrin) a madi shadaw ai lam hpe hkam la let,
Hkristan ni hpe zingri zingrat ai hte htawng sharawng ai hta
shang lawm lai wa sai wa re (Kasa 8:3; 9:1-2; 26:10-11; Gal
1:13; I Tim 1:13). Rai tim Damasku mare na Hkristan ni hpe
zingri zingrat na matu sa wa ai lam kaw Hkristu hte hkrum
nna Hkristan tai wa ai, rai nga ai (Kasa 9:22,26). A bwi sha,
kasa ni a hkaw tsun ai lam ni hpe myit yu let Hkristan tai wa ai
wa n rai, a kajawng sha Yesu shi hpe shadan dan ai hpe
hkam la lu ai hte, myit malai nna, Hkristan tai wa ai wa re. Jep
ai tara hpe myit n dik ai lam (Rom. 7:9-11), hpungtau
Satehpan hpe nlung hte kabai sat ai shaloi, Satehpan a wenyi
atsam nden marai kade rawng ai lam hpe mu ai lam ni gaw
shi myit hpe shajin ya ai lam re ngu sawn la lu ga ai. Yuda
Hparishe kaw nna Hkristan, Hkristan hpe zingri ai wa kaw
nna Hkristu a kasa tai wa ai wa re (Gal 1:13-17).

Kasa Pawlu a arawn asam (Characteristics)


Kasa Pawlu a shagun laika ni hta mahta nna, shi a
arawn asam hpe lawu de na hku chye na la lu ga ai.
1. Myit masin hta grai hkam sha chye ai wa re.
a) Timohty Thessaloni mare na Hkristan ni a lam kabu
hpa shi ga wa tsun ai shaloi grai kabu wu ai
(I Htesa. 3:6-10)
- 109 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

b) Korinhtu mare de sa chyai ngut ai hpang grai myit yawn


ai hte Korinhtu hpung masha ni hpang de laika ka wu
ai (II Kor 2:4)
c) Shi hpyen ni a n tsa pawt sin dawng ai hte gwi ni ngu
tsun shaga wu ai (Hpilp 3:2)
d) Shi hkum shi kam ai hte, kasa ni hta kachyi mi pyi grit
ai wa n re ngu tsun ai ( II Kor. 11:5-6).
e) Karai Kasang a chyeju san san hte sha, shi hkrung
nga ai hpe dum let, shagrit shanem ai (I Kor 15:10).
2. Ga numsuk n rawng ai. Rai tim, laika ka ai hta atsam
lu ai wa re (IIKor. 10:10, 11:16).
3. Ta tut bungli galaw ai wa re. Hpung up langai hku hpung
masha ni hta byin ai mang hkang ni hte seng nna
shadum sharin, hpaji jaw, lam woi lu ai wa re.
4. Tinang lagaw hta tinang tsap mayu ai wa re. Shi kan
shi bau nna Hkristu a matu asak hkrung mayu ai wa
re. Dai majaw, hpung masha ni kaw na garum
gumhpraw n la ai sha, kan bau bungli hku janghpang
chywi dut let, sasana amu galaw ai wa re.

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

nhtan shai ai hku hkaw tsun ai ngu ai mara hte sat kau hkrum
sai nga ma ai.34
Kasa Pawlu ka ai laika ni
Roma, Korinthu I,II, Galati, Ehpesu, Hpilipi, Kolose,
Htesaloni I,II, Timohti I, II, Titu, Hpilemon, hte Hebre ni kaw
shagun dat ai laika ni re. Rai tim chyum ninghkring n kau mi
gaw Hebre laika hpe kasa Pawlu ka ai n re ngu tsun ningdang
ma ai.
**********

Kasa Pawlu a hpang jahtum na aten a lam


Kasa laika hta kasa Pawlu Roma mare e 2 ning
htawng rawng ai lam sha lawm nna, gara hku si sai lam n ka
da ai majaw galoi si ai, gara hku si ai ngu ai hpe hkrak n chye
lu ga ai. Rai tim, hkringhtawng hku matsun maroi hkai hkrat
wa ai ga ni hta gaw, Roma hkawhkam Nero wa Hkristan ni
hpe zingri zingrat ai aten, A.D 64 ning hta sat kau hkrum sai
nga tsun ma ai. Chyum ninghkrin nkau mi tsun ai gaw, Roma
mare kaw 2 ning htawng rawng nna, up hkang ai Roma ni hte

- 110 -

34

Eh Wah , New Testament Introduction, Lecture Note fot B.Th course,


Myanmar Institute of Theology,Insein, 1993, P.21.

- 111 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

hkrung nga na re ngu myit mada ma ai. Rai tim, Yesu bai n yu
sa shi yang si ai ni hte, Yesu rau nga na ngu ai myit mada lam
hpe si du gaw jahten kau ya sai kun? ngu ai ga san ni hte ung
ang nga ma ai. Dai majaw Kasa Pawlu gaw, Yesu bai du sa
ai shaloi kam sham let si mat wa sai ni, shawng hkrung rawt
wa na mara ai. Dai hpang, dai Madu hpe ka-ang ganghkau e
hkrum na matu, dai aten hta naw hkrung nga ai ni hpe si mat
wa sai ni hte rau, summwi ntsa de shalun la na ra ai. Lani mi,
Yesu Hkristu gaw summwi jawn nna bai yu sa na rai nna, kam
sham ai ni hpe shi nan woi la na re. Dai myit mada shara hte
myit mu myit hkut asak hkrung ra ai sha nga, si du hpe n hkrit
tsang ra ai sha, asak hkrung ra ai. Dai re ai majaw, Yesu bai
du sa na hpe myit mada ala nga let shada da shangwi
shapyaw ngun jaw hkat ra ga ai, ngu ai mungga rai nga ai
(4:13-17; 5:9-10).36

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Laika Ka Ai Wa (The Author)


Kasa Pawlu ka ai re ngu chyum ninghkrin ni yawng
ngu na daram tsun ma ai. I Htesaloni gaw, Kasa Pawlu a
shagun laika ni hta na, shawng ningnan ka ai shangun laika
rai nga ai.
Ka Ai Shara Hte Shaning (Place & Date)
Htesaloni ni kaw shagun dat ai laika hpe Korinhtu mare
kaw ka ai re. Kasa Pawlu Korinhtu mare de A.D 50 ning daram
hta du nna, dai kaw laning mi jan nga ai re. Korinhtu mare
kaw sasana galaw ai aten, Htesaloni laika hpe ka ai ngu sawn
la lu ai majaw, Htesaloni laika hpe A.D 50 daram hta ka ai
ngu chye la lu ga ai.
Laika Ka Ai Shaloi Na Mabyin (Occasion)

**********

36

D..A. Carson, et al., An Introduction To The New Testament (Grand Rapids,


Michigan: Zondervan, 1992), P.343.

- 116 -

Kasa Pawlu a lahkawng lang ngu na sasana hkrun


lam hkawm ai shaloi, Chyoi pra ai Wenyi shadut ai hte, Troa
mare, dai hpang Hpilipi mare de kabu gara shi ga hkaw tsun
hkawm wu ai. Rai tim, Hpilipi mare e htawng hta sharen da
hkrum ma ai (Kasa 16). Dai kaw na lawt ai hpang, Pawlu yan
Sila gaw Htessaloni mare de du nna tara jawng ni hkan, ga
shaka dingsa chyum ga ni hpe lachyum hpyan dan ai hte,
kabu gara shi ga hkaw dan wu ai. Kam sham ai hpung masha
ni law wa nna, Htesaloni hpung byin tai wa ai re. Rai tim,
Htesaloni mare e, Yesu gaw Yuda ni a hkawhkam (Meshia)
re ngu Kasa Pawlu hkaw tsun ai majaw Hkawhkam Kehta
(Caesar) a tara hpe tawt lai ai ngu, n kam sham ai Yuda ni
mara shagun let gau shapraw ai majaw, Kasa pawlu yan Sila
- 113 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Htesalini mare kaw na Beria mare de hprawng mat wa ra ai


re (Kasa 17:1-10). Beria kaw na Ahten mare de Pawlu matut
hkawm mat wa wu ai. Rai tim Sila hte Timohti gaw Beria mare
e ngam nga ma ai rai nna, Kasa Pawlu gaw Sila yan Timohti
hpe lawan hkan sa na matu htet wu ai. Ahten mare de Timohti
yan du ai hpang Timohti hpe Htesaloni mare de bai dat dat
wu ai (I Htes 3:1-2,5). Htesaloni hpung masha ni zingri zingrat
hkrum nga ma ai ngu myit lu let, n-gun jaw ga tsun na matu
Timohti hpe dat dat ai rai nga ai. Kasa Pawlu gaw, Korinhtu
mare de matut hkawm mat wa ai. Dai kaw Timohti bai hkan
sa du nna, zingri zingrat lapran hta rai tim, ngang kang ai
makam masham hte Htesaloni hpung masha ni kam sham
nga ma ai lam shi ga wa jaw wu ai (I Htes 3:6-8). Dai shi ga
hpe na nna, Kasa Pawlu gaw kabu gara ai hte Yesu Hkristu a
lam n-gup aga hte mung arawn nsam hte mung matut sakse
hkam nga na matu, Yesu Hkristu a lahkawng lang bai du sa
na lam hte kapyawn nna, n gun jaw ga tsun ai hku ka ai laika
rai nga ai.
Laika Ka Ai A Yaw Shada Ai Lam (Purpose)
Pawlu shi nan Htesaloni mare na hpung masha ni
hpang de bai sa du n gun jaw mayu tim, shi hpe ninghkap ai
Yuda ni a majaw n mai sa du wu ai. Dai majaw, lawu de na
yaw shada ai lam ni hte shagun laika ka ai lam rai nga ai.
1)

Hkristan asak naw hkalung ai Htesaloni hpung masha


ni hpe tengman ai makam masham lam hpe shangang
shakang ya na matu.

- 114 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

2)

3)
4)

Karai Kasang sharawng awng ai chyoi pra san seng ai


asak hkrung lam hte Htessaloni hpung masha ni asak
hkrung na matu.
Hkristu hta yup pyaw mat wa sai Hkristan ni hte seng
nna, ga san law law rai nga ma ai hpe htai ya na matu.
Yesu bai yu sa na lam hte seng nna sang lang dan na
matu.

Malawm Ni (Contents)
1. Shakram ga (1:1)
2. Htesaloni hpung masha ni a sak hkrung lam hte makam
masham (1:2-10)
3. Kasa Pawlu Htesaloni mare kaw nga lai wa ai shaloi na
lam ni
(2:1-16)
4. Kasa Pawlu Htesaloni mare de bai sa chyai mayu ai lam
(2:17-3:13)
5. Karai Kasang sharawng awng ai asak hkrung lam a lam
(4:1-12)
6. Madu Yesu bai du sa na lam (4:13-18)
7. Yesu du sa na hpe tut nawng a maja let, la nga ra ai lam
(5:1-11)
8. Akyu hpyi ai hte shadum jahprang ai lam
(5:12-28)
Karai Masa Mungga (Theological Message)
Hkristan asak hkrung lam gaw arawn asam san seng
nna teng man ai hte mara n rawng hkra shakut nna asak
hkrung ra ai. Dai gaw Karai Kasang sharawng awng ai asak
hkrung lam re ngu ai mungga re (2:10-12).
Bai nna, Htesaloni hpung masha ni yawng gaw, Yesu
Hkristu lahkawng lang bai du sa ai aten du hkra shanhte asak
- 115 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GALATI

HTESALONI

NI KAW
SHAGUN DAT AI LAIKA

NI KAW
SHAGUN DAT AI LAIKA II

(Pauls Letter to the Galatians)

(Pauls Second Letter to the Thessalonians)

Galati (Galatia)

Laika Ka Ai Wa (The Author)


Kasa Pawlu ka ai re.

alati ngu ai shara gaw Roman Empire a shawng na


aten hta, Asia Minor na awng dawm ahkaw ahkang
hte up hkang ai mungdaw ni gumhpawn da ai shara
re. Dai shara ni hpe, 3rd century B.C daram hta Roman
Empire a hkawhkam Augustus wa up hkang wu ai. Augustu a
npu du mat wa ai hpang gaw dai shara ni hpe, ginwang ni
law law garan masat nna up hkang wu ai.37 Dai majaw, Kasa
Pawlu a prat hta Roman empire ni masat ai Galati gaw moi
na Galati ngu ai shara a dingdung daw, dingda daw na
Pisidia, sinpraw dingda daw na Lycaonia, sinna dingda daw
na Phrygia mung daw ni lawm ma ai.38

37

Merrill F. Unger, Ungers Bible Dictionary (Chicago: Moody Press, 1987),


P.386.
38
Don Fleming, Compiled., Bible Knowledge Dictionary (Brisbane: Bridgeway
Publications, 1990), P. 144.
- 120 -

Ka Ai shara Hte Shaning (Date & Place)


Kasa Pawlu gaw, I Htesaloni hpe ka ngut ai hpang,
A.D 51 daram hta Korinhtu mare kaw nna, II Htesalini hpe ka
ai re ngu, chyum ninghkrin ni malawng maga hkap la ma ai.
Laika Ka Ai Aten Na Mabyin Masa (Occasion)
Htesaloni hpung masha ni Yesu Hkristu lahkawng lang
du sa na hte seng nna, kasa Pawlu tsun sharin ai hpe chye
na hkam la ai lam ni shut mat wa ma ai. Nkau mi gaw, Yesu
shahte naw asak hkrung nga ai aten (dai ni n rai yang hpawt
ni) hta Yesu bai yu sa wa na hku myit la ma ai. Dai majaw hpa
bungli mung n galaw ai ni, bungli galaw lagawn ai ni law wa
ma ai. Bai nna, myihtoi masu ni hku nna, Yesu gaw lahkawng
lang ngu na bai yu sa ngut sai. Dai majaw Yesu bai yu sa na
matu dai ni hpawt ni ngu n ala ra sai, ngu tsun sharin nga ai
aten re.
- 117 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Laika Ka Ai A Yaw Shada Ai Lam (Purpose)


Hkristu lahkawng lang bai du sa na lam hte seng nna,
Htesaloni hpung masha ni shut shai ai hku chye na la mat wa
ai lam hpe shading sharai ya na matu hte myihtoi masu ni a
sharin shut ai lam ni hpe ning hkap na matu lahkawng
Htesaloni hpe ka dat ai rai nga ai. Hpang jahtum nhtoi a lam
hte seng nna, ladu lai ai hku hkap la ai hpe bai sharai ya ai
hku nna sang lang dan ai sha n-ga, tara n lang ai lam ni,
lagawn lamawn re ai lam ni hpe shadum sharai ya mayu ai
majaw ka ai rai nga ai.

n hkru n kaja ai wa a hpyen ai kaw na, makawp maga la nga


ai (3:3-5). Hkristan ni gaw lagawn lamawn rai nga ai baw n
rai, mai kaja ai amu bungli galaw na lit lu ai ni re (6:6-13).
Karai Kasang a ga madat mara ra ai (3:14-15) ngu ai mungga
rai nga ai.
**********

Malawm Ni (Contents)
1.
Shakram ga (1:1-2)
2.
Hpang jahtum nhtoi na tara je yang na lam
(1:3-12)
3.
Hkalem hkalau n hkrum u ga shadum ai lam (2:112)
4.
Karai Kasang lata la ai lam
(2:13-17)
5.
Akyu hpyi na matu shadut ai lam
(3:1-5)
6.
Bungli galaw ra ai lam (3:6-15)
7.
Sadi jaw ai hte ga hpungdim (3:16-18)
Karai Masa Mungga (Theological Message)
Yesu Hkristu bai yu wa ai hte, anhte shi hte rau zup
hpawng nga na nhtoi gaw, hpang jahtum Karai Kasang hpe
gumlau ai lam garai n byin yang, ngarai mung de jahkrat kau
hkrum na rai nga ai n hkru ai wa garai n paw pru yang du na
n rai (2:2:4).
Zingri zingrat lam ni a lapran hta rai tim, Yesu hpe kam
sham ai lam hta ngang ngang kang kang rai ra ai (2:13-15).
Yesu gaw kam sham ai ni hpe myit n-gun shaja ya nga ai hte,
- 118 -

- 119 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

shangun nga ai. Rai tim, shanglawt lu ai lam gaw, mungkan


lam hku kam ai hku asak hkrung na matu n rai, Yesu Hkristu
hta shanglawt lu ai lam she re (5:13). Dai gaw, Wenyi hte
hpring tsup ai asak hkrung lam hpe lu la ai lam rai nna, Wenyi
a asi hte hpring ai asak hkrung lam rai nga ai.
Yesu hpe kam sham ai ni gaw jep ai tara a mayam tai
ai kaw na, lawt ai ni rai nga ai. Yesu gaw kam sham ai ni hpe,
Jep ai tara a npu kaw asak hkrung ai prat kaw na, hkye hkrang
shaw la let, chyeju tara npu hta asak hkrung shangun nga ai.
Shinggyim masha ni hpe yubak ngarai hta na hkrang shaw la
nna, shi a asai hte kashin gamun shachyoi shapra la ai re.
Chyoi pra ai Wenyi gaw Yesu hpe kam sham ai a marang e,
kam sham ai ni a myit masin hta shanu nga nna, wenyi hte
hpring tsup ai hku asak hkrung shangun ai hte, wenyi a asi si
let asak hkrung nga shangun ai re. Yubak a dingnye hta na
mung, jep ai tara hte shinggyim myit marin ai a mayam tai ai
kaw na mung, kam sham ai ni lawt wa lu nga ai (2:20-21;
5:1).
Dai majaw Kasa Pawlu gaw, nanhte gaw Wenyi e
matsun ai hte maren hkan sa galaw nga mu, hkum shan a
marin marit ai hpe nanhte hkum shadik nga myit (5:16){ walk
in the Spirit} ngu sharin ya ai re. Wenyi matsun ai hte maren
asak hkrung let wenyi asi (the fruit of the Spirit) ngu ai tsaw ra
ai, kabu gara ai, ngwi pyaw ai, myit galu kaba ai, matsan
dum ai, mai kaja ai, shagrit shanem ai hte tinang myit hpe
hkang lu ai lam ni hte asak hkrung ai lam re ngu shadum
sharin ai mungga re (5:22-23).

Laika Ka Ai Wa (The Auhtor)


Galati 1:2; 5:2;6:11 ni hta Galati laika hpe kasa Pawlu
ka ai re ngu tsun da nga ai.

**********

- 124 -

Laika Ka Ai Shara Hte Shaning (Place & Date)


Kasa Pawlu ka ai shagun laika re ngu chyum ninghkrin
ni yawng hkap la tim, Galati mung na hpung ni ngu ai hpe
chyum ninghkrin nkau mi dingdung Galati ( Roma ni rai n up
shi ai aten hta shamying ai shara) na hpung masha ni hpe
ngu ai ngu hkam la ai zawn; dingda Galati ( Roma ni up ai
aten hta bai masat ai dingda daw) na hpung masha ni hpe
ngu ai ngu hkam la ai chyum ninghkrin ni mung nga ma ai.
Dingdung daw de na hpung masha ni hpe ka ai laika
ngu hkam la ai ni gaw, kasa Pawlu shawng ningnan lang Galati
de du ai shaloi dingdung Galati mare ni de sa du ai ngu tsun
ma ai. Lahkawng lang ngu na sa du ai shaloi mung (Trao
mare de sa ai shaloi mung) dingdung daw de na mare ni hku
lai di sa mat wa ai re (Kasa 16:6-10) nga ma ai. Masum lang
ngu na sa du ai shaloi mung, shi de da ai dingdung daw de
na Galati hpung ni hpang de sa du ai re ngu tsun ma ai (Kasa
18:23). Dai hku hkam la ai chyum ninghkrin ni gaw, Kasa
Pawlu Galati laika hpe Ehpesu mare kaw (A.D 53-56) (sh)
Makedoni mung kaw (A.D 56) ka ai re ngu hkam la ma ai.
Rai tim, chyum ninghkrin nkau mi gaw, Kasa Pawlu
tsun ai Galati mung na hpung ni ngu ai gaw Roma asuya
masat ai dingda daw de na mare ni hta nga ai hpung masha
ni hpe tsun ai she re nga ma ai. Kasa Pawlu hte Barnaba
shawng ningnan lang na sasana hkrun lam hta sa du ai gaw
dingda daw de na mare ni she re ngu tsun ma ai (Kasa 13:1314:23). Yerusalem kongsi (Kasa 15) rai n hpawng shi yang
sa du ai re. Galati 2:1-10 hta tsun ai lam ni gaw Kasa 11:27- 121 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

30 hta rawng ai lam ni hte maren sha re ngu sakse madun


ma ai. Dai hku kam ai ni gaw Galati laika hpe Suri mung na
Antioki mare e A.D 49 hta Kasa Pawlu ka nna, Yerusalem
kongsi de sa mat wa ai re ngu hkam la ma ai.39

Malawm Ni (Contents)
1.
Shakram ga (1:1-5)
2.
Tengman ai kabu gara ga gaw langai sha re ai
lam (1:6-10)
3.
Pawlu gara hku nna Yesu a kasa byin tai wa ai lam
(1:11-24)
4.
Pawlu hte kaga kasa ni a lam (2:1-10)
5.
Pawlu Antioki mare e Petru hpe daru kau ai lam
(2:11-14)
6.
Kam sham ai hte sha hkye hkrang la hkrum na lam
(2:15-21)
7.
Jep ai tara hte makam masham hpe ginhka dan
ai lam (3:1-14)
8.
Jep ai tara hte Karai Kasang a ga shaka
(3:15-20)
9.
Jep ai tara a yaw shada ai lam (3:21-4:7)
10.
Galati hpung masha ni hpe Pawlu hpyi nem ai lam
(4:8-31)
11.
Hkristu jaw ai shanglawt hpe manu shadan ra ai
lam (5::1-15)
12.
Wenyi hte hkum shan a ra marin ai lam
(5:16-26)
13.
Shada da a lit hpe gun hpai shingtau hkat ra ai
lam (6:1-10)
14.
Sadi jaw ai hte ga hpungdim (6:11-18)

Laika Ka Ra Wa Ai Lam (Occasion)


Kasa Pawlu sasana galaw ai a majaw, galai shai wa
ai hpung masha ni hpe, Yuda Hkristan sharin sara ni gaw
Kasa Pawlu Galati hpung e n nga ai aten hta shut shai ai hku
sharin ya ma ai. Shanhte sharin achyin ai hta
(1) Tara maigan langai Hkristan tai mayu yang matu gadoi ra
ai; Yuda htung hkan ra ai, Yuda poi ni galaw ra ai (1:6-9; 4:1721;5:7-12; 6:12-13).
(2) Kasa Pawlu gaw Yesu a sape majing n re, kasa jet n re;
Masha ra hkan nna hkaw tsun chye ai wa she re (1:10ff), ngu
sharin ma ai.
Dai zawn, shut shai ai hku sharin achyin ai lam ni nga nga ai
aten hta Galati laika hpe ka ai rai nga ai.
Laika A Yaw Shada Ai Lam (Purpose)
Yuda Hkristan sharin sara ni a sharin shut ai lam ni
hpe bai sang lang dan na matu ka ai re.
1) Shi gaw Yesu Hkristu a chyeju hte Karai Kasang kaw
na daru magam ahkang aya lu ai kasa re ai lam sang
lang dan na matu,
2) Shi htawn tsun ai mungga hta sha, manoi nga na matu
yaw shada let ka dat ai laika rai nga ai.

Merrill F. Unger, Ungers Bible Dictionary (Chicago: Moody Press, 1987),


P.386.

Galati Laika A Karai Masa Mungga (Message)


Jep ai tara gaw masha hpe mara lu ai, yubak htawng
hta rawng nga ai ngu tsun dan nga ai. Rai tim, kam sham ai
lam gaw masha hpe shanglawt lu ai ahkang lu la shangun ai
sha n-ga, Yesu Hkristu hta ngwi pyaw sim sa ai chyeju lu la

- 122 -

- 123 -

39

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

4. Hkristan hte tara maigan ni a lam (8:1-11:1)


5. Hpung masha hte nawku daw jau ai lam
(11:2-14:40)
6. Yesu a hkrung rawt wa ai lam hte kamsham ai ni a
lam (15:1-58)
7. Yerusalem mare na Hkristan ni a matu alu jaw ya na
lam (16:1-4)
8. Ga hpungdim (16:5-24)
Karai Masa Mungga (Theological Message)
Korinhtu hpung kata byin ai mang hkang ni hte,
Korinhtu hpung masha ni chye mayu ai ga san ni hpe htai ai
hta Kasa Pawlu gaw, Karai Kasang a daru magam hpung
shingkang hte hpaji byengya gaw, shinggyim masha a
machye machyang hpaji hte n htai shai nga ai. Kam sham ai
ni gaw Yesu Hkristu hpe kam sham ai hku nna sha gahkin
gumdin nga lu ai ngu nna, ga numsuk rawng ai kaga masha
ni a sharin shut ai kaw n hkan nang na matu hte, shada garan
gin hka ai lam n galaw na matu shadum ai mungga re.
Yesu Hkristu a si hkam ai hte bai hkrung rawt ai hpe
kam sham ai a marang e, kam sham ai hpung masha ni gaw
tinang a moi na arawn alai dingsa hte asak hkrung lam hpe
tawn kau da nna (Yesu hte rau sak hkrung lam dingsa si hkam
nna), Bai hkrung rawt ai Yesu Hkristu hte rau asak hkrung
lam ningnan hpe hkam la let, asak hkrung ra ai. Yesu Hkristu
hta ningnan bai shangai ai asak hkrung lam hte asak hkrung
na matu re. Dai gaw daru magam hpung shingkang rawng ai
Karai Kasang a chyeju hte lu la ai lam re, shinggyim masha a
machye machyang hpung shingkang hte n re. Dai majaw
Hkristan ni a kyang lai len shingni gaw jep ai tara shadik ai
- 128 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

KORINHTU
NI KAW
SHAGUN DAT AI LAIKA I
(Pauls First Letter to the Corinthians)

Korinhtu Mare A Lam (the city of Corinth)

oma prat hta Korinhtu mare gaw, Ahkaia mungdaw a


Greek mare daju re. Sinpraw hte sinna maga de
sanghpaw daru nga ai mare re. HKa lam hte hkarang
lam lahkawng yan, Sinpraw hte sinna a hpaga yamga lam a
ka ang ang ai mare mung re. Dai majaw sut su nga mai ai
mare re. Greek, Itali, Egudu, Suri hte Yuda masha ni rau nga
ai hte Olampik zawn re ai ginsup poi kaba ni galaw law re ai
mare re. Hpara law law hpe nawku ai mare re. Grau nna mying
kaba ai Ahpordite ngu ai tsawra myit hte seng ai num hpara
hpe nawku ai nawku htung ni nga ai hte, dai hpara jawng ni
hta shawa num ni nga ma ai. Dai mawku htung ni a majaw
nse nsa ngang gayut ai lam ni, pyaw daw kadaw ai hte kyang
lailen hten za ai lam ni, dik hkra mying gumhkawng ai mare
re. Yuda ni hte shanhte a tara jawng ni mung dai mare e nga

- 125 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

ma ai. Lamu ga man shagu de na masha ni pru pru shang


shang galaw ai mare re majaw, Korinhtu mare kaw Kabu gara
shi ga mungga gat hkai dat yang, mungkan shara shagu de
lawan ai hku chyam bra mat wa mai ai mare re.
Kasa Pawlu shi a lahkawng lang ngu na sasana hkrun lam
hta Korinhtu mare de sa du wu ai. Dai kaw shata 18 nga nna
kabu gara shi ga htawn tsun wu ai. Shi a htawn tsun ai majaw
kam sham wa ai Yuda hte Tara maigan ni hpe gumhpawn
nna, Korinhtu mare hpung hpe de da wu ai (Kasa 18:1-17).

Chyoi pra ai wenyi a chyeju kum hpa hte seng ai ga san ni,
hpung kata hkan sa ra ai lam hte seng ai ga san ni, si ai kaw
na bai hkrung rawt wa ai lam hte seng ai ga san ni sa san ma
ai. Dai lam ni a majaw, Kasa Pawlu I Korinhtu laika hpe ka ai
lam rai nga ai.40
Laika A Yaw Shada Ai Lam (Purpose)
1. Shawng de shi ka dat ai laika a ntsa Korinhtu hpung masha
ni chye na shut ai hpe bai sharai ya ra wa ai.

Ka Ai Shara Hte Shaning (Place & Date)


I Korinhtu laika hpe kasa Pawlu gaw Ehpesu mare
kaw nga ai aten A.D 54-55 daram hta ka da ai ngu, chyum
ninghkrin ni sawk sagawn da ma ai.
Laika Ka Ra Wa Ai Mabyin (Occasion)

2. Korinhtu hpung kaw nna hkungran ai lam hte seng ai lam,


wenyi kumhpa hte seng ai lam, ga san ni laika ka nna san dat
ai majaw, dai lam ni hpe sang lang na matu.
3. Hkloe a nta na ni Pawlu kaw sa du let, Korinhtu mare kaw
hpung garan wa ai lam, nse nsa re ai lam, Madu a shana
shat sha poi hpe ngawn nsawn di ai lam ni hpe sa tsun dan
ma ai. Dai majaw Pawlu gaw Korinhtu hpung masha ni a
arawn alai hte makam masham hpe shading sharai ya na
matu, ka dat ai re.

Kasa Pawlu Korinhtu mare kaw na pru hkawm sa mat


wa ai hpang, Korinhtu mare na hpung ni hpang de laika law
law lang ka let n gun jaw wu ai (I Kor 5:9). Rai tim Korinhtu
hpung masha ni hta mang hkang ni nga ai lam na ai majaw,
shi Ehpesu mare e nga ai ten hta Timohti hpe Korinhtu mare
de dat dat wu ai (Kasa 19:1,22; I Kor 4:17;16:10). Dai aten
hta Konrinhtu hpung masha nkau mi Kasa Pawlu hpang de
sa du let Korinhtu mare hpung hta myit garan nna daw hka
bra wa ai lam tsun dan ma ai (I Kor 1:10-13). Num la nse nsa
ai lam ni hte (I Kor 5:1); Hkristan shada tara rung kaw hka
dang rang hkat ai lam ni (I Kor 6:1) nga ai hpe Kasa Pawlu
na chye wu ai. Bai nna Korinhtu hpung masha nkau mi Kasa
Pawlu kaw bai sa du nna hkungran ai hte seng ai ga san ni,

Don Fleming, Compiled., Bible Knowledge Dictionary (Brisbane: Bridgeway


Publications, 1990), Pp.74-75.

- 126 -

- 127 -

Malawm Ni (Contents)
1. Shachyen shaga ai lam (1:1-9)
2. Hpung kata garan dinhka hkat ai lam (1:10-4:21)
3. Hkristan dinghku hte nse nsa ngang gayut ai lam (5:17:40)

40

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.

Hkristu a marang e awng dang ai lam (2:14-17)


Ga shaka ningnan a nchyang mayam ni re ai lam
(3:1-18)
Dibu kata na wenyi sut gan (4:1-15)
Kam sham ai hte asak hkrung ai lam (4:16 -5:110)
Yesu a marang e Karai Kasang hte kanawn
mazum lu ai lam (5:11-6:13)
Tara maigan lailen ni hpe koi ra ai lam (6:14 -7:1)
Pawlu a kabu gara ai lam (7:2-16)
Hkristan ni alu jaw ra ai lam (8:1-15)
Titu hte manang ni (8:16-24)
Hkristan ni shada karum shingtau hkat ai lam (9:115)
Shi a sasana magam bungli hte seng nna Pawlu
sang lang dan ai lam (10:1-17)
Pawlu hte kasa hpyi hpun ai ni a lam (11:1-15)
Hkristu a kasa langai hku nna Pawlu hkam sha ra
ai lam (11:16-33)
Pawlu hkam la lu ai shingran ni (12:1-10)
Korinhtu hpung a matu Pawlu myit tsang ai lam
(12:11-21)
Hpang jahtum sadi jaw ai hte ga hpungdim (13:113)

- 132 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

hku nna lu la ai baw n re, Yesu Hkristu hpe kam sham ai a


marang e, shi ga madat ai hte chyeju kum hpa hku lu la ai,
ningnan tai ai shinggyim asak hkrung lam she re.
Karai Kasang gaw, kam sham ai hpung masha langai
hte langai hpe wenyi shaman chyeju ren di jaw nna, shi hpung
shingkang hpe n dai mungkan hta shadan shahkung na matu
jai lang nga ai. Rai tim, wenyi chyeju yawng hta na, tsaw ra
myit gaw kaba dik re. Shada tsaw ra let, Yesu Hkristu hta
gahkin gumdin nga ra ai ngu ai mungga rai nga ai.
**********

- 129 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

KORINHTU
NI KAW
SHAGUN DAT AI LAIKA II
(Pauls Second Letter to the Corinthians)

Ka Ai Wa (Auhtor)
Kasa Pawlu ka ai re ngu chyum sara ni yawng hkap la
ma ai.
Ka Ai Shara Hte Shaning (Place & Date)
I Korinhtu laika hpe ka ai hpang gade nna yang, kasa
Pawlu gaw, A.D 55 daram hta Ehpesu mare e ka ai re ngu
chyum ninghkrin ni sawk sagawn da ma ai.

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

nnga ai wa, gum rawng gum tawng re ai wa, sadi n dung ai


wa, kasa majing n re ngu tsun ahpyak ma ai. Dai zawn re ai
lam ni Korinhtu mare hta byin pru wa ai majaw, Kasa Pawlu
gaw Titu hpe Korinhtu hpung masha ni hpang de bai dat dat
wu ai. Titu bai nhtang wa ai shaloi, hpung masha malawng
maga gaw Kasa Pawlu shi tsun sharin ai lam ni hpe hkap la
ma ai lam, wa tsun dan wu ai. Dai majaw, Kasa Pawlu gaw,
1)
Tinang gaw Yesu shi nan lata san ai sape re ai lam
sang lang dan na matu
2)
Sharin shut ai sara masu ni hpe mung shi htawn tsun
ai mungga hpe hkap la hkan sa na matu shadum jahprang ra
wa ai majaw II Korinhtu laika hpe ka ai rai nga ai.
Laika Ka Ai A Yaw Shada Ai Lam (Purpose)
1) Sara masu ni sharin shut ai lam ni hpe sang lang dan na
matu.
2) I Korinhtu hta shi sharin achyin dan lai wa sai lam ni hpe,
grau chye na hkra bai kahtap sang lang dan na matu.
3) Yerusalem na matsan mayan re ai ni hpe, garum lu na matu
alu hpyi ra wa ai majaw, ka ai rai wu ai.

Korinhtu mare na hpung ni, san ai ga san ni hpe I


Korinhtu laika hta Kasa Pawlu sang lang dan dat wu ai. Dai
laika hpe shut shai ai hku sharin ai sara (False Teachers) ni
hti nna grau masin ga-un ai hte Korinhtu hpung masha ni hpe,
shanhte hpang maga de tsap na matu amyu myu gunglau ai
lam ni galaw wa ma ai. Kasa Pawlu hpe mung myit madung

Malawm Ni (Contents)
1.
Ga nhpaw (1:1-2)
2.
Karai Kasang a chyeju hpe shakawn ai lam (1:311)
3.
Pawlu a yaw shada ai lam ni galai shai kau ai lam
(1:12- 24)
4.
Shi hpe ninghkap ai ni a ntsa Pawlu mara dat ya
ai lam (2:5-11)
5.
Troa mare hta Pawlu myitru myitra hkrum ai lam
(2: 12-13)

- 130 -

- 131 -

Laika Ka Ra Wa Ai Mabyin (Occasion)

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Karai Masa Mungga (Theological Message)


(1) Yesu Hkristu hpe kamsham ai wa gaw Yesu Hkristu
hta Masha Ningnan tai wa lu ai (5:17). Masha
ningnan tai ai ngu ai gaw, (a) Yubak a shabrai si
ai kaw nna lawt lu ai, (b) Karai Kasang hta sha
myit du myit dik ai asak hkrung lam hpe lu la ai,
(c) Ya prat, htawm hpang prat a matu htani htana
asak lu la ai, (d) Yesu a daru magam hpung
shingkang hte hkum shan a marin marit lam hpe
kau da lu nna, wenyi a asi hte hpring ai asak
hkrung lam hpe hkam la lu ai lam re.
(2) Hkristan asak hkrung lam gaw, htawm
hpang prat na htani htana sumsing nta hpe myit
mada ai zawn (5:1-10), n dai dinghta asak hkrung
lam hta Yesu Hkristu a hkye hkrang la ai kabu gara
shi ga, kaga masha ni hpe len shalai na lit mung
nga ai (5:11-21). Kaning re ai agung alau, dingbai
dingna, jahten sharun ai lam myi nga tim, tara mai
gan ni a lailen n hkan dagraw ai sha, a hkrung
nga ai Karai Kasang a nawku htingnu tai let, Karai
Kasang a kashu kasha tai ra ai ngu ai mungga re
(6:1-18).41

Laika Ka Ra Wa Ai Mabyin (Occasion)


Roma mare na nawku hpung hta, Yuda Hkristan hte
tara mai gan Hkristan ni gayau nga ai majaw, makam
masham lam hte seng nna, hkam la ai lam ni amyu myu nga
nga ma ai. Dai majaw Kasa Pawlu, Roma mare de sa du
chyai mayu ai (1:8-15) hte Yesu Hkristu a kabu gara shi ga
hpe htawn tsun sakse hkam dan mayu wu ai. Bai nna, nawku
hpung de ai lam hte Hkristan makam masham a lam hpe,
sang lang dan ra ai ngu, kasa Pawlu hkam la wu ai. Dai majaw
Kasa Pawlu shi nan, sa du mayu ai re. Rai tim, shi hpe hpyen
ai ni shi hpe gyam sat na shi ga na lu ai majaw, koi yan hkawm
mat ra wu ai. Dai majaw shi sang lang dan mayu ai lam ni
hpe laika hte ka sang lang dan dat ai rai nga ai.
Laika Ka Ai A Yaw Shada Ai Lam (Purpose)
1) Kasa Pawlu shi Roma mare de sa chyai mayu ai lam hpe,
Roma hpung masha ni tau chye da na matu.
2) Yesu Hkristu a hkye hkrang la ai kabu gara shi ga hpe,
Roma hpung masha ni asan sha chye na na matu, yaw shada
let ka ai laika rai nga ai.

**********

Malawm Ni (Contents)
I. Makam Masham Masa Hpe Shaleng Dan Ai Lam
(Daw Kaba 1-11)
1. Ga nhpaw (1:1-7)
2. Chyeju shakawn let akyu hpyi ai lam (1:8-15)
- 136 -

41

Don Fleming, Compiled., Bible Knowledge Dictionary (Brisbane: Bridgeway


Publications, 1990), P.77.

- 133 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

ROMA

Roma mare na Hkristan hpung hpe kadai de hpang ai ngu ai


hpe gaw hkrak n chye lu ga ai. Roma mare hpung hpe, kasa
Pawlu de ai n re, ngu ai hpe gaw Roma ni kaw shagun dat ai
laika kaw adan aleng mu lu ga ai (1:8-15) .
Chyum ninghkrin nkau mi gaw, Pentikoti poi (Kasa 2:5-10)
shani hta Hkristan tai wa ai, Yuda hpung masha ni de da sai
nga ma ai. Chyum ninghkrin nkau mi gaw, I Petru 5:13 hte
Marku laika ni hta mahta nna, kasa Petru de da ai re ngu
hkam la ma ai. Roma mare na Hkristan hpung gaw, Yuda
makam masham kaw na Hkristan tai wa ai ni hte, Tara maigan
nawku htung kaw na Hkristan tai wa ai ni gayau gaya re ai
hpung rai ma ai. Rai tim, tara mai gan nawku htung kaw na
Hkristan tai wa ai ni grau law ma ai.

NI KAW
SHAGUN DAT AI LAIKA
(Pauls Letter to the Romans)

Roma Mare E Hkristan Hpung Nga Wa Ai Lam


(The Roman Church)

reek Hpyen jau bu Alexander the Great (334-331 BC)


aten hta, Roma mare gaw Greek ni a up sha ai npu
de du mat wa ai re. Roma hpyen du Pompey wa a
lak htak hta Yerusalem hpe gasat ting la ai shaloi Roma mare
gaw Greek ni a Palestina mung hpe up hkang ai kaw ahkyak
ai shara tai lai wa sai. BC 63 daram hta Yuda masha nkau mi
hpe Roma mare de woi mat wa ma ai. Kasa Pawlu a aten
hta Roma mare gaw mungkan a kaba dik mare daju langai
re. Hkyik hkam ai dum nta ni nga ai mare re. Rai tim, mare
masha malawng gaw mayam ni rai ma ai.42

Ka Ai Shara Hte Shaning (Place & Date)


Kasa Pawlu shi a masum lang ngu na sasana hkrun
lam ngut wa maga, A.D 56-57 ning daram hta Korinhtu mare
kaw ka ai re. Kasa Pawlu Korinhtu mare na Geu a nta manam
ai aten (16:23); Yerusalem mare na matsan mayan ni hpe
garum na matu Makedoni hte Ahkaia mung masha ni kaw na
alu lahkawn la ngut sai aten re (15:26).Yerusalem mare de
shi nan sa jaw na matu sa wa ai shaloi, Yuda masha ni shi
hpe gyam sat na hkyen ai hpe tau chye ai majaw, dingdung
Hpilipi mare de sa mat wa wu ai. Dai majaw shagun laika
hpe gaw, Kenhkrea (Korinhtu mare) mare na num hpung tau
Hpobe hpe ap nna, Roma mare de sa sa shangun wu ai.

42

Don Fleming, Compiled., Bible Knowledge Dictionary (Brisbane: Bridgeway


Publications, 1990), P.377.
- 134 -

- 135 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

sham ai ni hpe, hkye hkrang la ai chye ju (redemption),


tengman ding hpring wa lu ai chyeju (justification), htingrai
htingrat ya ai chyeju (reconciliation), Karai a hpung shingkang
hpe shadan lu ai chyeju (glorification) ni hpe jaw ya nga ai.
Yuda masha ni mung tara mai gan ni hte maren, Yesu Hkristu
hpe hkap la kam sham ai hku nna sha, hkye hkrang la ai chyeju
hpe lu la na re.
Karai Kasang a tsaw ra matsan dum ai lam hpe hkam la lu
sai ni gaw, shinggyim masha yawng hte tengman ding hpring
ai hku shada mahku mara ganawn mazum nga ra ai. Kam
sham ai ni a lapran hta n bung ai Wenyi shaman chyeju jaw
ya da ai hpe hkungga hkat let, ahkrung nga ai hkungga zawn
Karai Kasang a man e asak hkrung ra ai ngu sakse hkam
len shalai ai mungga rai nga ai.
**********

- 140 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Kabu gara shi ga a hpung dagu (1:16-17)


Shinggyim masha ni a yubak mara (1:18-32)
Karai Kasang a tara jeyang na lam (2: 1-16)
Yuda masha ni hte jep ai tara (2:17-3:8)
Karai Kasang a man hta dinghpring ai langai myi
mung n nga ai lam (3:9-20)
8. Kam sham ai hte dinghpring wa lu ai lam (3:21-31)
9. Abraham a makam masham kasi (4:1-12)
10. Kam sham ai hte Karai Kasang a Sali wunli hkam la
lu ai lam (4:13-25)
11. Kam sham ai hte dinghpring wa lu nna, Karai Kasang
hte mahku mara lu ai lam (5:1-11)
12. Adam hte Hkristu (5:12-21)
13. Hkristu a marang e asak hkrung lu ai lam(6:1-14)
14. Chyeju tara a npu e asak hkrung ai lam (6:15-23)
15. Hkungran ai lam hpe ga shadawn da nna sang lang
dan ai lam (7:1-6)
16. Jep ai tara gaw yubak hpe byin tai shangun ai lam
(7:7-13)
17. Shinggyim masha a myit masin a lam (7:14-25)
18. Wenyi hta hkrung nga ai asak gaw hkum shan asak
hta grau ai lam (8:1-17)
19. Anhte hkam la lu na, sum sing lamu na Sali wunli (8:1830)
20. Yesu hku nna Karai Kasang shadan dan ai tsaw ra
myit (8:31-39)
21. Karai Kasang hte shi lata la ai amyu (9:1-18)
22. Karai Kasang a pawt sindawng ai myit hte matsan
dum lama ai myit (9:19-29)
23. Israela ni a matu Pawlu akyu hpyi ya ai lam (9:3010:4)
- 137 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

24. Hkye hkrang la ai chyeju gaw shinggyim masha yawng


a matu re (10:5-21)
25. Israela ni a ntsa tawn ai Karai Kasang a tsaw ra myit
(11:1-12)
26. Maigan masha ni hkye hkrang la hkrum ai lam (11:1324)
27. Shinggyim masha yawng a ntsa tawn ai Karai Kasang
a matsan dum lama ai myit (11:25-36)
II.

Ta Tut Hkan Sa Ra Ai Lam Ni Hpe Shadum


Jahprang Ai (Daw Kaba 12-16)
1. Karai Kasang a sasana amu a matu gara hku asak
hkrung ra ai lam (12:1-21)
2. Up Hkang ai mung up asu ya ni a ntsa tawn ra ai myit
masa (13:1-7)
3. Langai hte langai daw jau hkat ra ai lit (13:8-14)
4. Hpu nau shada n mai jeyang ai lam (14:1-12)
5. Hpu nau wa shut shai, kataw lam byin na hpe koi ra ai
lam (14:13-23)
6. Tinggyeng a matu n re ai sha, masha wa a akyu hpe
tam ra ai lam (15:1-6)
7. Maigan amyu masha ni a matu kabu gara shi ga (15:713)
8. Pawlu hpa majaw Roma hpung masha ni hpe gwi gwi
sadi jaw ai lam (15:14-21)
9. Kasa Pawlu Roma mare de sa chyai na hkyen lajang
ai lam (15:22-33)
10. Kasa Pawlu a shakram ga hte numhtet num ra ga
(16:1-27).

- 138 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Karai Masa Mungga (Theological Message)


Yubak mara gaw si hkrung si htan hte up hkang nga
ai, rai tim, Yesu Hkristu a marang e anhte htani htanna asak
lu la hkra, Karai Kasang a chyeju gaw ding hpring ai hte up
hkang nga ai (5: 21). Shinggyim masha ni, Meshia rai nga ai
Yesu Hkristu hpe kam sham ai hku nna, Karai Kasang hte
teng man ai mahku mara matut mahkai lam lu la lu ga ai.
Shinggyim masha gaw, tinang yubak lu ai wa re ngu ai hpe,
kraw dung myit chye myit chyang hku nna mung, Moshe a jep
ai tara hku nna mung, chye lu nga ai. Dinghpring ai lam hpe,
Kadai mung tinang a atsam marai hte shakut nna, n lu la lu ai.
U dang ntsa si hkam let hkye la ai Yesu Hkristu hpe kam sham
ai hku nna sha, Karai Kasang a mara raw dat ya ai chyeju
hpe hkam la lu mai ai. Karai Kasang gaw, Abraham hpe jaw
da ai ga sadi ni hpe, Yesu Hkristu hpe kam sham ai hpung
masha ni hku nna shadik shatup nga ai. Adam a majaw yubak
mara hte si hkrung si htan gaw shinggyim masha yawng kaw
du shang wa ai zawn; Yesu Hkristu a marang e shinggyim
masha ni yubak a shabrai kaw na lawt lu let, htani htana asak
lu la nga ga ai. Yesu Hkristu a si du hpe awng dang ai daru
magam hpung shingkang gaw, Shi hpe kam sham ai
shinggyim masha ni hpe yubak kaw na awng dang lu ai atsam
hte Karai Kasang hpe daw jau lu ai atsam jaw nga ai. Karai
Kasang a wenyi gaw, kam masham ai shinggyim masha ni
hpe Karai Kasang sharawng awng ai hku asak hkrung lu na
matu lam woi nga ai. Yesu Hkristu a ding hpring ai lam hpe,
chyeju kum hpa hku yubak lu ai shinggyim masha ni hpe jaw
ya nga ai. Dai chyeju kum hpa hpe n lu la ai shinggyim masha
ni gaw Karai Kasang a tara je yang ai hpe hkam sha ra na re.
Yesu a si hkam ai hte bai hkrung rawt ai chyeju gaw kam
- 139 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

KASA PAWLU HTAWNG KAW NNA KA AI


SHAGUN LAIKA NI
(Prison Letters)

KOLOSE
NI KAW
SHAGUN DAT AI LAIKA

Hpilemon, Kolose, Ehpesu, Hpilipi, I & II Timohti hte Titu ni


hpe htawng kaw nna, ka ai laika ni nga ma ai.
******

(Pauls Letter to the Colossians)

Kolose Mare A Lam (The city of Colossae)


Kolose mare gaw Asia Minor kaw na Phrygia mung a
mare re. Ehpesu mare a sinpraw de deng 100 daram tsan ai
shara, Ladoki hte Herapoli mare ni a makau kaw nga ai mare
re.Hpaga lam kaja ai mare rai nna, Hpara sum la ni hpe nawku
ai nawku htung hkik hkam ai mare re. Rai tim, A.D 61-62
ning na nnang nawn hta dai mare hten mat sai.
Kolose Mare Na Nawku Hpung
(The church at Colossae)
Kolose hpung hpe kasa Pawlu de da ai n re (Kolo
2:1), Epahpra ngu ai wa de ai hte woi awn ai nawku hpung re
(Kasa 19:10; Kolose 1:6-8). Epahpra gaw Kolose mare na
rai nna, Kasa Pawlu Ehpesu mare e kabu gara shi ga hkaw
tsun ai kaw sa madat la nna, kam sham ai hpung masha tai
- 144 -

HPILEMON
KAW
SHAGUN DAT AI LAIKA
(Pauls Letter to Philemon)

Hpilemon
Kasa Pawlu hkaw tsun ai majaw kam sham ai hpung
masha tai wa ai, Kolose mare na hpung myit su re. Lu su ai
wa re ai hte maren sasana lam hta grai ap nawng daw jau ai
wa re. Onesimo gaw Hpilemon a mayam re.
Laika Ka Ai Wa (The Author)
Kasa Pawlu ka ai re.

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GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Ka Ai Shara Hte Shaning (Place and Date)

Karai Masa Mungga (Theological Message)

Kasa Pawlu Roma htawng hta rawng nga ai aten,


Kolose hpung na Hpilemon ngu ai jinghku wa hpang de A.D
60-62 daram hta ka dat ai laika rai nga ai.

N dai laika hta makam hkridun hte seng nna shrin


shaga ai lam n lawm ai. 1st century hta mayam ngu ai hpe
tara shang masat let, jai lang ma ai. Mayam ni gaw shinggyim
masha hku n masat la hkrum sai sha, shinggyim masha ni a
matu arung arai langai hku sha masat da hkrum ai ni rai ma
ai. Kasa Pawlu gaw, Hpilemon hpe Onesimo a mara raw dat
ya na matu, hpyi nem ai hte, Hkristu a tsaw ra myit hte mayam
rai tim kam sham ai ni shada gaw Hkristu hta hpu nau re ai
lam tsun shadum wu ai. Akyang lailen n kaja ai wa rai tim,
Yesu Hkristu hte hkrum jang , masha ningnan bai tai wa ai hte
akyu rawng ai masha bai tai wa lu ai ngu ai mungga rai nga
ai.

Laika Ka Ra Wa Ai Mabyin (occasion)


Hpilemon a mayam Onesimo gaw madu a nta na arai
lagu nna, Roma mare de hprawng hkawm ai kaw na, htawng
hta rawng nga ai kasa Pawlu hpang de du wa wu ai. Kasa
Pawlu hkaw tsun ai kabu gara shi ga a majaw, Onesimo myit
malai ai hte kam sham ai hpung masha tai wa ai re. Grai myit
su ai hte akyu rawng ai masha mung tai wa ai. Dai majaw,
Kasa Pawlu Onesimo hpe mayam madu hpang de bai wa
shangun mayu wu ai. Onesimo a madu rai nga ai Hpilemon
hpe atsawm amai sha Onesimo hpe bai hkap la na matu
shadut jahkat ai hku nna, laika hte hpawn rai Hpilemon hpang
de bai dat dat ai shaloi ka ai laika rai nga ai.

**********

Malawm Ni (Contents)
1.
2.
3.
4.

Shakram ga (1:1-3)
Hpilemon hpe shi a makam masham hte tsaw ra ai myit
hpe shagrau sha-a ai lam (1:4-7)
Onesimo hpe mara dat ya na matu hpyi nem ya ai lam
(1:8-22)
Shakram dat ai hte shaman ya ai ga (1:23-25)

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GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Dai majaw, moi na tara shadik ai nawku htung hte,


masha a myit chye myit chyang hte gaw gap ai makam
masham lam hta n mai hkan chya pa nang sai. Yesu Hkristu
hta hkrung nga ai asak hkrung lam re ai majaw, tsawra myit
hte shinggyim masha yawng hpe ganawn mazum nga ra ai,
ngu ai mungga rai nga ai.

wa ai wa re. Epahpra gaw, Kasa Pawlu kaw na shi na la ai,


Yesu Hkristu a kabu gara shiga hpe, Ladoki hte Herapoli
mare hkan mung hkaw tsun ai wa re (Kolo 4:12-13).

**********

Laika Ka Ai Wa (The Auhtor)


Kasa Pawlu ka ai re ngu chyum ninghkrin ni yawng
hkap la ma ai.
Ka Ai Shara Hte Shaning (Place & Date)
Ka ai shaning & shara hte seng nna, chyum ninghkrin
ni group lahkawng nga ma ai. Nkau mi gaw, Kasa Pawlu
shawng ningnan lang Roma htawng e rawng ai aten A.D 62
daram hta ka ai re ngu tsun ma ai. Bai nkau mi tsun ai gaw,
Ehpesu mare gaw Kolose mare hte grau ni ai majaw, Kolose
hpung a lam shi ga ni Pawlu lu la ai lam ni hpe sawn la nna,
Ehpesu mare e htawng rawng ai aten A.D 55-56 kaw ka ai
she re nga ma ai.
Laika Ka Ra Wa Ai Mabyin (Occasion)
Laika ka ai aten, Kolose mare de Kasa Pawlu rai n
du yu ai re. Kolose hpung kaw magam gun ai Epahpra ngu
ai sara wa Kasa Pawlu hpang de sa wa nna, Kolose hpung
masha ni a shut shai ai makam hte hkam la ai lam ni hpe, sa
tsun dan ai majaw, dai lam ni hpe sharai shading ya ra ai
ngu, shi a myit hta katu pru wa ai majaw shagun laika ka
shagun dat ai re. Shut shai ai hku sharin ai sara (False
teachers) ni gaw, Hkrsitan makam masham hte, Yuda makam
masham htung lailen ni, myit sawn ning chyoi hpaji masa

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GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

(philosophies) ni hte kayau gumnya nna sharin ya ma ai.


Shanhte sharin ai hta (1) Gnostic ni a makam rai nga ai lamu
kasa ni gaw Karai Kasang hte shinggyim masha lapran htinglu
htinglai ya ai ni re. Dai majaw lamu kasa ni hpe nawku ra ai
(2:18) ngu sharin ma ai.
(2) Hkye hkrang la ai lam lu na matu alak mi re (sh) grai sung
ai machye machyang (special or deeper knowledge) nga ra
ai ngu sharin ai. (3) Yuda ni a Jep ai tara hkan shadik ra ai
(2:11,16) ngu sharin ai. (4) Yesu Hkrsitu gaw Karai majing re
ai ngu ai, n teng ai ngu tsun sharin ma ai.43

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

5. Yesu a marang e lu la ai hkum tsup ai asak hkrung


lam (2:20-19)
6. Hkristu hte rau si ai hte, rau hkrung ai sak hkrung
lam (2:20-3:4)
7. Asak hkrung lam dingsa hte asak hkrung lam nnan a
lam (3:5-17)
8. Asak hkrung lam nnan hta na langai hte langai a
ganawn mazum lam (3:18-4:1)
9. Shadum jahprang ai hte ga hpungdim (4:2-18).

Laika Ka Ai A Yaw Shada Ai Lam (purpose)

Karai Masa Mungga (Theological Message)

1) Yesu gaw Karai majing re ai lam hte, nga yawng dang hta
(lamu kasa mung lawm ai) hta grau ai hpe sang lang dan na
matu (1:18; 2:9).

Kam sham ai hpung masha ni tengman ai mungga


hta sadi dung kang ka let asak hkrung ra ai. Yesu Hkristu
gaw, anhte a madu rai nna, Karai Kasang a lam n dai
mungkan hta sa shadan dan ai wa re. Yesu Hkristu gaw,
mungkan ga garai n lat kaw na nga ai wa rai nna, nga yawng
danghta gaw shi a marang e byin wa ai hte grin nga ai re.
Nga yawng dang hta hpe Karai Kasang hpang de bai woi wa
nga ai. Mungkan shinggyim masha ni, hkye hkrang la ai hkrum
na matu gaw, Yesu Hkristu hta asak hkrung ra ai. Kaga
makam masham ni hte hkan sa shadik ai lam ni gaw, Yesu
Hkrsitu hte daw hka mat wa ai lam rai nga ai. Dai majaw,
kam sham ai hpung masha ni gaw Yesu Hkristu hte tut nawng
akyu hpyi matut mahkai let, asak hkrung ra ai. Sara masu ni
a gunglau ai kaw na dang manga lu ai makam masham nga
ra ai. Kam sham ai nig aw, Yesu Hkristu a mara raw dat ya ai
chyeju hte, n hkru n kaja ai hpe dang manga lu ai hpung
shingkang lu la sai ni re.

2) Kolose hpung masha ni Wenyi asak hkrung lam hta kung


hpan wa na matu (2:6-7) yaw shada let ka ai rai nga ai.
Malawm Ni (Contents)
1. Shakram ga (1:1-8)
2. Shaga la hkrum ai hte gingdan ai asak hkrung lam
hpe lu la u ga akyu hpyi ya ai lam (1:9-14)
3. Yesu a shingni maka hte magam bungli (1:15-23)
4. Hpung ni a matu Pawlu a daw jau ai lam (1:24-2:5)
43

John F. Walvoord, eds., The Bible Knowledge Commentary: New Testament


(Weaton, Illinois: Victor Books, 1983), P. 668.

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GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

7.
8.

Hkristu hta langai sha tai na lam (4:1-16)


Hkristu a marang e lu la ai asak hkrung lam ningnan
(4:17-32)
9. Nhtoi hta asak hkrung ai lam (5: 1-33)
10. Kanu kawa hte kashu kasha, mayam ni hte madu ni
a lam (6:1-9)
11. Hkristan hpyen hking dagraw ra ai lam (6:10-20)
12. Ga hpungdim (6:21-24).
Karai Masa Mungga (Theological Message)
Yesu Hkristu a daru magam hpung shingkang gaw,
shinggyim masha yawng hte nga yawng danghta hta grau
nga ai. Nawku hpung ni gaw, Karai Kasang a hpung
shingkang hpe shadan jahkung na matu, Karai Kasang ndai
mungkan hta san da ai re. Hkristan makam masham hte
asak hkrung lam gaw rau ginrun nna, Karai Kasang a hpung
shingkang hpe shadan jahkung nga ra ai. Hkristan ni gaw
tsadan hte n hkru n hkra ai lam ni a lapran asak hkrung nga ra
tim, Karai Kasang gaw dai ni hpe ninghkap lu na hpung
shingkang atsam jaw ya nga ai.
Langai hkrai hkye hkrang la ai lam lu sai ngu na, tinang
hkrai san san, asak hkrung ai baw n re. Hkye hkrang la hkrum
ai chyeju hpe bai htang ai hku nna, nawku hpung hta gahkin
gumdin let, Yesu a sasana magam hpe gun hpai ra ga ai.
Tsawra myit n rawng, teng man ai lam n nga, kahkyin gumdin
lam n nga, re ai lam gaw chyoi pra ai Wenyi lu la ai asak
hkrung lam a sakse n re. Dai majaw, tsawra myit hte tengman
ai ga tsun nga let Hkristu ngu ai baw hte lam shagu hta kahkin
gumdin let galu kaba wa ra ai ngu tsun sharin ai mungga rai
nga ai.
**********
- 152 -

EHPESU
NI KAW
SHAGUN DAT AI LAIKA
(Pauls Letter to the Ephesians)

Ehpesu Mare (The city of Ephesus)


Kasa Pawlu a aten hta Ephesu mare gaw, Asha Maina
kaw na grai mying gumhkawng ai mare daju rai nna, Roma
ni up ai shara re. Sanghpaw daru kaba nga ai hte, hpaga
yamga grai ngai ai shara re. Lamu ga man shagu de na masha
ni pru shang ai mare rai nna, masha hpan hkum ai mare re.
Greek ni a prat hta Artemi nat hpara ngu mying gum hkawng
nna, Roma ni a prat hta Diana ngu mying bai shamying ai
num nat hpara sumla hte, dai nat hpara hte seng ai hpara
jawng kaba nga ai mare re. Dai Diana hpara jawng gaw,
mungkan a mau hpa amyu sanit hta na langai mi re ngu
mungkan a labau hta shagrau da ma ai.44 Ga sau nam hpun
kaja shangun ai hte, hkai n mai grai ngai shangun ai Hpara

44

Merrill F. Unger, Ungers Bible Dictionary (Chicago: Moody Press, 1987), P.


316.
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GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

(karai) re ngu Greek ni kam ma ai. Mandan lakle (magic)


hpaji hte seng nna mung mying gumhkawng ai sha nga nat
hpara sum la ni galaw dut ai kaw mying kaba ai mare re.45

Laika Ka Ra Wa Ai Lam (Occasion)


1) Ehpesu mare na hpung ni gaw, maigan hpara ni hte
kayau kaya rai, Karai Kasang hpe nawku wa ma ai.
Diana hpara hpe Hkristan nawku jawng de la shang
wa nna, Roma masha kaba ni hpe mi man tam ai lam
galaw ai majaw, shanhte hpe tut nawng e shadum
jahprang n gun jaw nga ra ai.
2) Nse nsa, kin sha lasha, masu matsa, law hpa marin,
pawt sindawng, hkalem hkalau lam hte, nang ai baw
lu sha, sha len ai.
3) Mayam yam ai lam.
4) Hpung kata tara maigan kaw na Hkristan tai wa ai ni,
Yuda Hkristan ni hpe yu kaji ai, gin hka hkat ai lam ni
byin nga ai majaw, laika hte tsun shadum ai lam re .

Hkristan Du Shang Wa Ai Lam


(The Church at Ehpesus)
A.D 52 ning hta, Kasa Pawlu shi a lahkawng lang ngu
na sasana hkrun lam hkawm ai shaloi Ehpesu mare de
jahkring sa du wu ai. Dai kaw nna, Ephesu mare de kabu
gara shiga du shang wa ai hte hpang daw de nawku hpung
byin tai wa ai re. Ahkyak ai mare daju kaba re majaw, kasa
Pawlu dai mare hpe grai myit shang sha ai hte, shi a masha
Priskila hte Aquila yan hpe hpung kanu kawa hku tawn da wu
ai (Kasa 18:18-21). Kasa Pawlu a masum lang na sasana
hkrun lam hta Ephesu mare e 3 ning daram nga nna, hpang e
Timohti hpe hpung woi shangun wu ai. Dai hpang asak kaba
sai Kasa Yawhan gaw Ephesu mare na nawku hpung hpe
sasana daju shatai lai wa sai.
Ka Ai Shara Hte Shaning (Place & Date)
Kasa Pawlu ka ai rai nna, Kolose, Hpilemon laika ni
hte rau, aten langai hta sha ka ai re ngu chyum ninghkrin ni
malawng maga hkam la ma ai. Kasa Pawlu Roma htawng
hta AD 60-62 hta rawng ai re majaw, laika ka ai shaning hpe
AD 60-62 laman ka ai re nga ma ai.

45

John Balchin, eds., The Bible In Outline (London, England: Scripture Union,
1985), P.227.
- 150 -

Laika A Yaw Shada Ai Lam (Purpose): Hkristu Yesu hte


kahkyin gumdin ai kumla rai nga ai, shada tsaw ra myit hte
kahkyin gumdin let hpung hpe jawm de sa wa lu na matu yaw
shada let ka ai rai nga ai.
Malawm Ni (Contents)
1. Hkye hkrang la ai chyeju hpe shakawn ai lam (1:114)
2. Kasa Pawlu a kyu hpyi ga (1:15-23)
3. Karai Kasang a chyeju hte lu la ai asak ningnan (2:110)
4. Hkristu hta kahkyin gumdin ai lam (2:11-22)
5. Maigan masha ni a matu kasa Pawlu sasana sa ai
lam (3:1-13)
6. Hkristu a tsaw ra myit (3:14-21)

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GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Laika Ka Ai A Yaw Shada Ai Lam (Purpose)


1) Hpung kata hta myit hkrum ai lam langai sha, myit
masin langai sha, myit mang langai sha rai nga na
matu.
2) Yuda ni a n hkru n hkra ai bungli hte hkan jahten sharun
ai lam hpe koi lu na matu.
3) Kasa Pawlu shi hpe tsaw ra let garum shingtau ai lam
ni a matu chye ju dum ai lam tsun dan na matu.
4) Hkristu a kabu gara shiga hte maren asak hkrung nga
pra na matu, ka ai rai nga ai.

HPILIPI

Malawm Ni (Contents)
1. Shachyen ai hte chyeju dum ai lam (1:1-11)
2. Htawng rawng ai lam nan sasana amu langai mi rai
nga ai hte, sara nkau mi shi hte n htan shai ai lam
(1:12-18)
3. Asak hkrung ai gaw Hkristu a matu, si yang mung
amyat re ai lam (1:19-30)
4. Hkristu hte rau asak hkrung ai hta shagrit shanem,
madat mara ra ai lam ( 2:1-11)
5. Nhtoi zawn htoi tu ra ai lam (2:12-18)
6. Epahprodi hpe nhtang wa shangun ai hte Timohti mung
kade nna yang hkan nang na lam (2:19-30)
7. Tengman ding hpring ai wa a lam (3:1-11)
8. Pandung de gat shachyut ai lam ( 3:12-21)
9. Karai Kasang hta kahkyin gumdin let ngang ngang
kang kang rai ra ai lam (4:1-9)
10. Garum shingtau ai lam hkam la lu ai majaw chyeju dum
ai lam (4:10-20)
11. Ga hpungdim (4:21-23).

- 156 -

NI KAW
SHAGUN DAT AI LAIKA
(Pauls Letter to the Philippians)

Hpilipi Mare (The city of Philippi)


Uropa dan na Makedoni (Macedoni) mungdaw a
mare kaba langai rai nna, dai ni a prat hta gaw Greece mare
ngu mying ai mare re. Greek hpyen jau bu kaba Alexander
the great a kawa Hpilipi Macedon wa de da ai mare re. Itallion
ni 1st century B.C kaw na sa du shanu nga ai mare re. Roma
ni mungkan hpe up ai aten B.C 42 hta, Roma ni a up hkang
ai n pu e nga ai mare re. Egnatian way ngu ai sinpraw hte
sinna hpe matut ai lam n maw kaba n tsa kaw de da ai mare
re.46

46

Frank E. Gaebelein, eds., The Expositor s Bible Commentary, Vol. 11


( Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan Publishing House, 1978), P.95.

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GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Hpilipi Mare Na Nawku Hpung


(The church at Philippi)

lu na ra ai, ngu htan mu ai (Kasa 16:25-30). Dai hku nna,


hpang daw de hpung masha ni law htam wa ai re.

Uropa dan hta Kasa Pawlu shawng ningnan de da ai


nawku hpung rai nga ai. Kasa Pawlu lahkawng lang ngu na
sasana hkrun lam hkawm ai ten hta (Kasa 16:12-40), Philipi
mare kaw sa du ai shaloi Yuda hte tara mai gan num n kau
mi, hka nu langai a hkingau makau e kyu hpyi let nawku daw
jau nga ai hpe mu hkrup wu ai. Dai ni hpe kabu gara shi ga
hkaw tsun dan ai shaloi shanhte hta na Lydia mying ai hpaga
yamga ga let kan bau ai jan shawng hkap la kam sham wa ai
(Kasa 16:14) hte shi a nta gaw shawng ningnan na kam sham
ai hpung masha ni a hkrum zup nawku daw jau shara tai wa
sai. Kasa Pawlu yan Sila, Philipi mare kaw nga ai shaloi mare
masha nkau mi shan hpe mare a sim sa lam hpe jahten ai ni
ngu mara shagun nna, anu gayet let htawng hta bang da ma
ai. Lana mi yup tung hpawa hta Kasa Pawlu yan htawng kata
kyu hpyi let Karai Kasang hpe shakawn kungdawn nga yang,
nnang nawn kaba nawn wa nna, htawng chyinghka ni hpaw
malawng mat wu ai. Htawng agyi wa yup hprang nna, htawng
chyinghka ni hpaw malang taw nga ai hpe mu jang, bawng
masha ni hprawng pru mat ma sai zawn nawn nna, nhtu hte
shi hkum shi galun si na hkyen wu ai. Rai tim, Kasa Pawlu mu
nna nang dai , na a hkum hpe hkum shaza et, anhte yawng
ahkum ara rai nga ga ai law ngu aja awa jahtau tsun wu ai.
Shaloi htawng agyi wa pyendin lang nna, kata de gat bang
wa nhtawm hkrit gari let, Kasa Pawlu yan Sila a lagaw n hpang
e dingnyawm wu ai. Bai shi gaw, madu yan e ngai hkye hkrang
la ai kaw du lu hkra kaning rai na rai ta? ngu nna san wu ai.
Shaloi Kasa Pawlu yan Saila gaw Madu Yesu hpe kam sham
u, shaloi nang hte na a nta masha ni hkye hkrang la ai kaw du

Ka Ai Shara Hte Shaning (Place and Date)

- 154 -

Kasa Pawlu Roma htawng hta rawng nga yang (1:12),


A.D 60-62 daram hta, ka ai re ngu nna, chyum ninghkrin ni
malawng hkap la ma ai.
Laika Ka Ra Wa Ai Mabyin (Occasion)
N dai laika ka ai aten, Kasa Pawlu gaw Roma htawng
e rawng nga ai aten re. Uropa dan hta Kasa Pawlu shawng
nnan gaw de ai hpung re majaw Hpilipi hpung hpe Kasa Pawlu
grai tsaw ra wu ai. Uropa mung hta shawng nnan na Hkristan
tai wa ai Ludi hpe ndai mare hta hkalup hkam ya ai hte, mayam
myihtoi num langai myi hpe nat shaden kau ya ai majaw kasa
Pawlu yan Sila htawng lana mi sharen da hkrum ai mare mung
re.
Kasa Pawlu hpe garum na, Hpilipi hpung masha ni
dat dat ai, Epahprodi mahtang ganoi si na daram machyi
kaba hkrum wu ai. Machyi hkrum ai kaw na, Epahprodi bai
mai wa sai majaw, shi hpe Hpilipi hpung de bai dat dat na
lam laika ka ai re. Dai hta n ga, karum kumhpa lu la ai majaw
chyeju dum ai lam hte, Hpilipi hpung hta shut shai ai hku hkam
la ai makam ni hte ladu lai hkra rai dum ai hpung masha ni a
majaw, hpung garan wa na hpe tsang ai majaw ndai laika
hpe ka ra wa ai lam rai nga ai.

- 155 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

kaw Kasa Pawlu hte rau masum ning rau magam gun wu ai.
Dai majaw Ehpesu mare hte, Ehpesu hpung a lam atsawm
chye ai wa re. Kasa Pawlu kasha hku tsaw ra ai wa mung re.
Kasa Pawlu ndai laika ka ai ten hta Timohti gaw Ehpesu mare
hta hpung woi nga ai wa re.47
Laika Ka Ai Wa (The Auhtor)
Kasa Pawlu ka ai re.
Ka Ai Shara Hte Shaning (Place & Date)
Kasa Pawlu No. I lang htawng hkrat ai a hpang jahtum
daw hte, No. II lang htawng garai n hkrat shi ai laman hta ka
ai re ngu sawn la ma ai. Kasa Pawlu Roma htawng hta
shawng ningnan lang rawng ai gaw A.D 59-61 kaw re. Moi
na hpung ni a hkringhtawng hku hkai hkrat wa ai kaw, Kasa
Pawlu gaw Roma hkaw seng Nero wa a lak htak A.D 67 hta
sat kau hkrum ai nga ma ai. II Timohti 4:21 hta Kasa Pawlu
gaw Timohti hpe Nshung garai n shang yang shi hpang de
sa wa na htet ai hpe sawn yang, II Timohti gaw A.D 67 a
shawng e ka ai ngu sawn la lu ai. Dai majaw I Timohti hte Titu
hpe shagun dat ai laika yan gaw A.D 65 a shawng daw de
ka ai ngu sawn la ma ai.48 Dai majaw, I Timohti hpe ka ai
shaning gaw A.D 62-63 daram e rai nna, ka ai shara gaw
Roma (sh) Ehpesu mare e rai na re ngu nna chyum ninghkrin
ni hkap la ma ai.

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Karai Masa Mungga (Theological Message)


Kasa Pawlu shi htawng kata hta sharen da ai hkrum
tim, Yesu Hkristu hte rau rai nga ai majaw kabu gara ai lam lu
la ai zawn, kam sham ai hpung masha ni yawng mung kaning
re ai lam ni mi hkrum hkra wa tim kabu gara nga ga ngu ngun
atsam jaw ai mungga re. Yesu Hkristu gaw anhte yawng hpe
tsaw ra ai zawn, kam sham ai hpung masha ni yawng mung
shada tsaw ra myit hpe gin len hkat let, hpung kata hta kahkyin
gumdin nga ra ai. Karai Kasang gaw, Yesu Hkristu a marang
e chyeju jaw ai hte kam sham ai ni hpe tengman dinghpring
ai asak hkrung lam hpe jaw nga ai. Jep ai tara hte shinggan
shingni hku poi lamang ni hte chyoi pra shahkut ai hku nna,
hkye hkrang la ai lam hkam la lu na matu shakut ai lam gaw
shut shai ai lam re. Yesu Hkristu madun lai wa sai kasi hpe
mahta nna, kam sham ai hte asak hkrung ra ai ngu shadum
jahprang ai mungga rai nga ai.
******

47
Merril C. Tenney, New Testament Survey (Leicester, England: Inter-Varsity
Press, 1987),, P.336.
48
Frank E. Gaebelein, eds., The Expositor s Bible Commentary, Vol. 11 (Grand
Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan Publishing House, 1978), pp..343-344.

- 160 -

- 157 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

HPUNG UP

TIMOHTI

NI KAW

SHAGUN AI LAIKA
(The Pastoral Letters)

I & II Timohti hte Titu laika ni gaw, hpung woi ni hte


hpung hpe woi awn nga ai hpung a ningbaw ningla ni hpe
shading nna ka ai re majaw, hpung up ni kaw shagun dat ai
laika ni ngu shamying ma ai. Mahkrum madup nga sai hpung
up/woi wa langai, hpung up/woi ningnan ni hpe hpung woi
ladat ni sang lang dan ai hku ka da ai laika ni rai ma ai. Ndai
laika masum hta hpung a mayak mang hkang ni, hpung up/
hpung ningbaw ni kaw nga ra ai sat lawat, arawn nsam, kyang
lailen, shingni ni hte, koi gam ra ai htung lailen, hkam la shut
ai lam ni hpe ka sang lang da ai rai nga ai. Laika ka ai hkrang
masa ni yawng mung laika 3 hte bung hkat ma ai. Hpung up/
woi langai hpe shading nna, ka ai rai tim, Karai Kasang a nta
dinghku masha ni yawng hte seng ai lam ni mung rawng ai
majaw, nawku hpung ting hte mung ading tawk seng nga ai.
**********

- 158 -

KAW
SHAGUN DAT AI LAIKA
LANGAI
( Pauls First Letter to Timothy)

Timohti a lam (Timothy)

sha Maina kaw na Lustra mare kaw kaba wa ai wa re.


Kawa gaw Heleni masha rai nna, kanu hte kadwi gaw
makam masham ngang kang ai Yuda masha re. Kaji
ten kaw nna, makam masham nga ai hte, Yuda chyum laika
ni atsawm chye ai wa re. Kasa Pawlu Lustra mare de
lahkawng lang ngu na sa du ai shaloi Timohti hpe shi hte rau
sasana bungli galaw na matu saw shaga wu ai (Kasa 16:13). Dai aten kaw nna, kasa Pawlu a sasana bungli hta garum
shingtau ai wa tai wa ai hte, hpang daw de sasana sara tai
wa ai wa re. Kasa Pawlu a lahkawng lang ngu na sasana
hkrun lam hta Timohti hpe woi hkawm let mungga ni hpe sharin
ya wu ai (Kasa 16:1-3). Timohti gaw, Makedoni hte Ahkaia
mung hkan kabu gara shi ga hkaw tsun ai hte, Ehpesu mare

- 159 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

I Timohti 1:3 hpe la kap nna chyum ninghkrin ni


malawng gaw Makedoni mung kaw nna, Ehpesu mare e nga
ai hpung woi wa Timohti hpang de ka ai re ngu hkap la ma
ai.

TIMOHTI
KAW
SHAGUN DAT AI LAIKA
LAHKAWNG
(Pauls Second Letter to Timothy)

Laika Ka Ai Wa (the Auhtor)


Kasa Pawlu ka ai re.
Ka Ai Shara Hte Shaning (Place & Date)
Kasa Pawlu Roma mare e lahkawng lang ngu na
htawng rawng ai aten A.D 67 ning daram hta ka ai re.

Laika Ka Ra Wa Ai Mabyin (Occasion)


Ehpesu hpung kata hta Yuda ni, Gnosticism ni,
asceticism ni a shut shai ai hku sharin achyin ai lam ni nga
wa ai. Dai majaw, tengman ai Hkristan makam masham hte
asak hkrung lam hpe sang lang dan ra wa ai. Bai nna, Timohti
hpe magam gun kaja langai tai wa na matu, hpung a up hkang
masa, hpung ningbaw ni kaw nga ra ai atsam ningja hte,
tengman ai makam masham lam ni hpe shadum, sharai ya
ra ai majaw ka ai re.
Laika Ka Ai A Yaw Shada Ai Lam (Purpose)
1) Hpung up/ woi ni a lit hpe sang lang dan na matu (shut shai
ai hku sharin achyin ai hpe ninghkap na matu hte, rip kawp
tara hte hkrak re ai magam gun kaja tai na matu).
2) Nawku hpung a up hkang hkrang masa ni, hpung ningbaw
ni a atsam ningja ni hpe chye na matu
3) Nawku hpung hta byin ai mang hkang ni hpe chye hparan
na matu.

Laika Ka Ra Wa Ai Mabyin (Occasion)


Kasa Pawlu Roma htawng e, sat kau hkrum na hpe
ala nga ai ten, shi kasha zawn tsaw ra ai Timohti hpe grai
hkrum mayu wu ai (1:4). Htawng hta katsi ai a majaw, Timohti
hpe kashung ta rai n du shi yang du hkra sa jahkrum shangun
- 164 -

- 161 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Malawm Ni (Contents)
1. Shakram ga (1:1-2)
2. Shut shai ai hku sharin achyin ai lam ni hpe koi
na matu
(1:3-11)
3. Karai Kasang a lanu lahku ai hpe chyeju
shakawn ai lam
(1:12-20)
4. Nawku hpung kata nawku daw jau ai lam
(2:1-15)
5. Nawku hpung a ningbaw ningla ni a lam
(3:1-7)
6. Hpungtau ni kaning rai ra ai lam (3:8-13)
7. Karai Kasang a dinghku masha zawn hpung
kata nga ra ai lam (3:14-16)
8. Hpyi hpun ai sara masu ni (4:1-5)
9. Hkristan magam gun kasi (4:6-16)
10. Hpung masha ni hpe gara hku bau rem ra ai
lam (5:1-25)
11. Mayam ni hte madu ni a lam (6:1-2)
12. Shut shai ai makam hte jet ai sut gan
(6:3-10)
13. Timohti hpe shatsam ai ga ni (6:11-21)

- 162 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Karai Masa Mungga (Theological Message)


Masha gaw myit chye myit chyang lam hte sha
tengman ai hku asak hkrung lu ai; Chyoi pra ai ngu ai asak
hkrung lam gaw dinghku n mai de ai, lu sha n kau mi hpe koi
gam ra ai ngu, Yuda sara (Judaizers) ni hte Gnostic ni tsun
sharin hkawm ma ai. Shanhte a sharin achyin ai lam gaw,
hpung masha ni a matu hkye hkrang la ai lam hte seng nna
chye na shut ai lam ni byin pru wa shangun nga ai. Dai majaw
Kasa Pawlu gaw asak hkrung lam galai shai wa na matu hte,
Karai Kasang a man e chyoi pra san seng na matu gaw,
Karai Kasng a matsan dum ai lak san shaman chyeju hku
nna sha lu la mai ai. Yesu Hkristu hpe kam sham ai hku nna
sha hkye hkrang la ai chyeju hkam la lu ai ngu tsun sharin ai
mungga re (1:12-17).
Hpung masha ni gaw masha yawng mayawng a matu
mara Karai Kasang kaw kyu hpyi ai hte chyeju shakawn ai
lam ni galaw nga ra ai. Hpung a ningbaw ningla ni gaw mara
n kap ai wa, madu jan langai sha lu ai wa, tinang hkum hpe
hkang lu ai wa, rip kawp tara masa hte hkrak rai asak hkrung
ai wa, nta masha ni hpe atsawm woi zinlum chye ai hte manam
daw jau ai lam hta sharawng ai wa, sharin shaga chye ai wa,
chyaru n len ai wa, adup ajin n re ai wa, sumnung shingdi ai
wa, sim sa lam hpe ra ai wa, gumhpraw n marin ai wa, rai ra
ai, ngu tsun sharin ai mungga mung rai nga ai.

- 163 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Laika Ka Ai Wa(The Auhtor)


Kasa Pawlu ka ai re.

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

mayu ai (4:21) hte, Troa mare na Karku kaw shi tawn da ai


palawng galu, laika ni, shanhpyi laika ni la sa wa shangun
mayu ai majaw, laika ka dat ai rai nga ai.49

Ka Ai Shara Hte Shaning (Place & Date)

Laika Ka Ai A Yaw Shada Ai Lam (Purpose)

Kasa Pawlu Roma htawng na lawt ai hte, lahkawng


lang ngu na htawng bai rai n hkrat shi yang, Makedoni mung
na nawku hpung ni kaw sasana galaw ai aten, A.D 63-64
daram hta ka ai re ngu chyum ninghkrin ni malawng maga
kam ma ai.50

Ninghkap jahpoi ai ni a lapran hta kangka ai hku


magam gun na matu, ru yak jamjau hkrum ai aten hta mung
myit ndaw nhten na matu, hte hpung woi langai a lit hpe kangka
hkra gun hpai let kabu gara shiga hkaw tsun nga na matu
Timohti hpe shatsam ai hku nna ka ai rai nga ai.

Laika Ka Ra Wa Ai Mabyin (Occasion)

Malawm Ni (Contents)
1.
Shakram ai ga (1:1-2)
2.
Chyeju shakawn ai hte n gun jaw ga (1:3-18)
3.
Hkristu a hpyen ma kaja (2:1-13)
4.
Karai Kasang sharawng awng ai magam gun kaja
(2:14-26)
5.
Jahtum nhtoi
(3:1-9)
6.
Hpang jahtum na shadum ga (3:10-4:8)
7.
Numhtet ga hte ga hpungdim (4:9-22)

Kreti zunlawng gaw mungkan na n hkru n kaja ai lam


ni hkum ai shara re. Kreti hpung mung n hkru n kaja ai kyang
lailen ni hte jahten shaza hkrum nga ai aten re ai majaw, yak
hkak ai lam ni a lapran hpung hpe atsawm woi awn lu na
matu, Titu hpe ngun atsam jaw ra ai majaw, ka ai rai nga ai.
Laika Ka Ai A Yaw Shada Ai Lam (Purpose)
1) Titu hpe ninghkap ai ni nga ai hpe Kasa Pawlu chye ai
majaw (1:10,11; 2:15; 3:10), Titu gaw Kasa Pawlu shi
shangun ai hku hpung hpe shading sharai woi awn ai
wa re ngu ai hpe Kreti hpung masha ni chye na matu.

50

John MacArthur, The MacArthur Study Bilbe (Maharashtra, India: Swapna


Printing Works Ovt. Ltd., 1997), P.1883.

- 168 -

Karai Masa Mungga (Theological Message)


Tengman ai Hkristan asak hkrung lam hpe, shinggyim
masha a myit chye myit chyang lam hte n rai, tara shadik lu ai
magam bungli hte n rai, Karai Kasang a lak san chyeju (Gods
Grace) hte sha lu la mai ai. Karai Kasang gaw anhte hpe
49
Frank E. Gaebelein, eds., The Expositors Bible Commentary, Vol. 11( Grand
Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan Publishing House, 1978), P.344.

- 165 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

chyoi pra ai wenyi a hpung shingkang, tsaw ra myit hte tinang


hkum hpe hkang lu ai myit jaw ya nga ai (1:7). Kam sham ai
ni gaw agung alau, jahten shaza lam, n hkru n hkra lam ni
hkrum hkra wa tim, dai lam ni hpe dang manga kau let, Madu
Yesu a lak san shatawng shada ai hta jai lang hkam na matu
asak hkrung ra ai( 2:20-21).
Yesu Hkristu gaw si hkrung si htan a atsam hpe yeng
seng kau nna, n si n mat ai asak hkrung lam hpe shadan dan
dat sai (1:10). Teng man ai mungga hpe hkan sa nna, Yesu
Hkristu hte rau asak hkrung ai hte Karai Kasang anhte hpe
kam nna ap da sai arai ni hpe chyoi pra ai wenyi a atsam hte
mahkyu nga ra ai (1:13-14).
Chyum laika hpe atsawm chye ai hte hkan sa ra ai.
Chyum laika shagu gaw Karai Kasang a hpung shingkang
shung ya ai hte ka da ai re majaw, tengman ai lam hpe sharin
achyin ya na, shut ai lam hpe mara madun nna daru sharin
na, shut shai ai lam ni hpe mye shading na hte, jaw ai asak
hkrung la a matu matsun madun na matu akyu rawng nga ai
(3:16).
**********

- 166 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

TITU
KAW

SHAGUN DAT AI LAIKA


(Pauls Letter to the Titus)

Titu a lam (Titus)


Greek myu sha rai nna, kasa Pawlu a shingdep
shingtau tai let sasana magam gun hpai ai wa re. Kasa Pawlu
shangun dat ai majaw Korinhtu mare hta yak hkak lam amyu
myu nga ai aten, Yerusalem na matsan mayan ni hpe garum
na matu alu sa lahkawn ai bungli mung gun hpai lai wa sai.
Kasa Pawlu shawng ningnan lang Roma htawng hta rawng
nna bai lawt ai hpang, Kreti zunlawng na hpung masha ni hpe
makam masham lam hte seng nna sa shading sharai ya ai
shaloi, Titu hpe woi hkawm wu ai. Kasa Pawlu Kreti zunlawng
kaw na wa mat ai shaloi, Titu hti ngam nga ai hte hpung hpe
woi awn nga ai re (Titu 1: 5). Kasa Pawlu ndai laika ka ai
aten hta Kreti tsunlawng hta hpung up galaw nga ai wa re.

- 167 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

nna sawn la ai lam re. ii) Lewi re ai majaw hkinjawng ni a


lam hte, hkungga nawng ai lam ni hpe yu maya Yuda ni
hta grau myit shang sha ai wa re. Hebre laika hta hkinjawng
ni hte hkungga nawng ai lam hte seng ai lam, alak mi tsun
da ai majaw, Banabas re ngu sawn la ai lam re. iii)
Banabas gaw Kupru (Cyprus) mung na Yuda masha re ai
majaw, Helini ni hte Alexandrian Judaism ni a myit sawn
ning chyoi hpaji (philosohpy) ni hpe atsawm chye ai wa
re. Hebre laika hta laika ka ai wa hte, dai laika hpe hkap
hti na masha ni hta lahta na philosophy ni hpe hkau chyap
chyalu hku lachyum pru ai majaw, Banabas ka ai re ngu
sawn la ai lam re.
2) Nkau myi gaw Kasa Pawlu ka ai re ngu sawn la ma ai. Rai
tim Hebre 2:3 hta laika ka ai wa gaw, Yesu a kabu gara
shi ga ni hpe kaga ni kaw na, na la ai hku rawng ai majaw,
Kasa Pawlu tsun ai, shi htawn tsun ai Kabu gara shi ga
gaw, kadai kaw na mung hkam la ai n rai (Galati 1:12)
ngu tsun ai ga hte n htan shai nga ai. Dai majaw Kasa
Pawlu shi nan ka ai ngu ai hpe n hkap la ai ni mung law
law nga ma ai.
3) Clement ngu ai hpung kawa wa gaw, Hebre laika hpe Kasa
Pawlu Hebre ga hku ka nna, Kasa Luka gaw Greek ga
hku gale da ai re ngu tsun sharin wu ai. Dai hku sawn la ai
lam gaw, Hebre laika hte Luka & Kasa laika ni laika ka ai
hkrang masa (style) bung ai majaw rai nga ai.
4) Law malawng gaw Hebre laika hpe Kasa Pawlu nan ka ai
gaw n re. Kasa Pawlu tsun sharin ai lam ni hte kapyawn

- 172 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

2) Kreti hpung hta hpung masha ni a myit daw myit hten ai


lam ni, atsawm re ai hkrang masa hte woi awn ai lam
n nga ai lam ni hpe shading sharai ya na matu.
3) Hkye hkrang la ai lam gaw, shani shagu na shinggyim
masha ni a asak hkrung lam hte n seng ai ngu Karai
Kasang a chyeju kum hpa hpe lachyum htai shut ai
lam ni nga ai majaw; Hkristan akyang lailen gaw teng
man ai chyum mungga hta maju jung ra ai lam tsun
sharin na matu, ka ai rai nga ai.

Malawm Ni (Contents)
1.
Shakram ga (1:1-4)
2.
Kreti zunlawng kaw Titu magam gun ai lam
(1:5-26)
3.
Tengman ai makam masham hte hkam la ra ai lam
(2:1-15)
4.
Hkristan ni gara hku asak hkrung ra ai lam
(3:1-11)
5.
Ga hpungdim (3:12-15-)

Karai Masa Mungga (Theological Message)


Karai Kasang jaw ya ai alak mi re ai chye ju (Gods
grace) gaw masha a asak hkrung lam hpe galai shai wa
shangun nga ai (2:11-15). Hkristan ni gaw dai chyeju hpe
asak hkrung lam hku hkrang shapraw let asak hkrung ra ai
(3:1-7).

- 169 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Yesu Hkristu a marang e, myit ningnan galai ya ai hte,


Karai Kasang gaw anhte hpe hkye hkrang la ai re (3:5-6).
Dai majaw, Karai Kasang hpe kam sham ai ni gaw kaja reng
ai magam bungli a shachyen nga ra ai (3:8). Akyu n rawng ai
angawk angak nga ndang kalang hkat ai, galu galang ahtik
labau gawn ai lam, ga li ga law re ai lam, tara hte seng nna
ga law hkat ai lam ni gaw akyu n rawng ai majaw koi kau ra ai
(3:9) ngu tsun sharin ai mungga rai nga ai.

HEBRE MASHA

*********

NI KAW
SHAGUN DAT AI
LAIKA
(The Letter to the Hebrews)

Laika Ka Ai Wa (Auhtor)
Hebre laika hpe kadai ka ai ngu ai hte seng nna, chyum
ninghkrin ni a lapran dai ni du hkra dang rang hkat nga ma ai.
Hebre masha ni kaw shagun dat ai laika hta mung kadai ka
ai ngu ai, n rawng ai.
1) Hpung kawa Tertullian wa gaw hkinjawng ni a lam hpe
atsawm chye ai Lewi masha Banabasa (Kasa 4:36) ka
ai re ngu tsun sharin wu ai. Dai hku sawn la ai lam gaw i)
Kasa 4:36 hta Barnabas ngu ai mying hkawt hpe kasa ni
jaw ai shaloi, lachyum gaw shalan shabran n-gun jaw ai
wa ngu ai re. Hebre 13:22 hta ndai n-gun jaw shadum
jahprang ai ga hpe hkam sharang ai hte madat la na matu
ngai nanhte hpe lajin dat made ai ngu tsun ai hpe lakap

- 170 -

- 171 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

man ai makam masham, kyang lai len shingni kaja, chyoi pra
san seng ai lam hte, Karai Kasang a Agape tsaw ra myit hte
masha hpe shagrit shanem let daw jau lu ai atsam ni gaw
gap la lu ai re. Yesu Hkristu gaw, Yubak lu ai shinggyim masha
ni a matu shi hkum shi hkungga shatai nna, kam sham ai ni a
matu Karai Kasang a ga sadi hpe jahkum shatsup ya ai wa
re.
Shinggyim masha ni a yubak mara hpe raw dat ya ai
hte hkye hkrang la ai chyeju hpe jaw nga ai wa re. Karai
Kasang hte shinggyim masha lapran mahkrai tai let, ga shaka
ningnan bai gaw gap ya ai wa mung rai nga ai. Kam sham ai
ni gaw dai hpe chye na nna Yesu hta sadi dung kang ka let,
asak hkrung ra ai. Yesu gaw, zingri zingrat tsin yam hkrum
tim, Karai Kasang hta sadi dung kang ka ai zawn, kam sham
ai hpung masha ni mung, tsin yam hkrum ai aten hta rai tim
Karai Kasang hta sadi dung kang ka ra ai. Dai sadi dung
kang ka ai a akyu gaw, Karai Kasang ga sadi jaw da ai,
htani htana asak hte, sum sing mungdan de shang ningngai
nga lu na lam rai nga ai. Rai tim, Makam masham kaw na
htak mat ai rai yang gaw, Yesu chyeju jaw ya ai lam, hkam la
lu sana n rai; Karai Kasang a je yang daw dan ai lam hkrum
sha ra na re (6:4-8; 10:26-31; 13:14-19), ngu ai mungga rai
nga ai.
**********

- 176 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

nna makam masham kaba ai kasa ni a hpang hkan masha


Hkristan langai ka ai re ngu hkam la ma ai.
Ka Ai Shara Hte Shaning (Place and Date)
Gara shara kaw ka ai ngu ai hpe hkrak n chye lu ai.
Rai tim, hkring htawng hku matsun maroi tsun hkai lam nkau
mi hta gaw kasa Pawlu A.D 67-69 ning daram hta Yerusalem
(sh) Roma mare e ka ai re ngu tsun hkai ma ai. Dai hku sawn
la ai ni gaw, Hebre laika hta, Yuda nawku htung hku nawku
daw jau ai lam ni hkrak naw rai nga ai aten hte, Yerusalem
nawku htingnu mung rai n jahten kau hkrum shi ai aten ka ai
zawn, rawng ai majaw re. Chyum ninghkrin nkau mi gaw,
Yerusalem htingnu jahten kau hkrum ai hpang e she ka ai,
dai majaw A.D 90 grup yin kaw ka ai laika re nga ma ai.
Hebre 2:1-4 hta second generation Christians ni hpe shading
nna ka ai hku sawn la ai majaw A.D 90 ning daram ngu sawn
la ai lam re.
Laika Ka Ra Wa Ai Mabyin (Occasion)
Hebre ni kaw shagun dat ai laika gaw, gara shara na
nawku hpung a matu yaw shada nna, ka ai ngu ai lam n rawng
ai. Hpung masha tai ai na sai (5:12), zingri zingrat tsin yam
hkrum sha lai wa yu sai hpung (10:32-34), Makam masham
kaba ai ningbaw ni woi awn wa yu sai hpung (13:7), Hkristan
shada karum la hkat ai hpung (6:10) hpe shading nna ka ai
laika re ngu ai hku sha chye lu ga ai. Roma ni up hkang ai
aten 1st century hta Yuda masha ni law law wa Hkristan tai wa
ma ai. Rai tim Hkristan tai wa ai Hebre masha ni gaw lam
amyu myu hku zungri hkrum ma ai. Dai majaw n dang hkam
- 173 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

nna, Hkristan makam masham hpe nyet kau na tsang ra ai


majaw Yuda nawku htung hte Hkristan makam masham hpe
shingdaw dan let, Hkristan makam masham gaw kade daram
kaja ai lam n-gun jaw tsun dan ra wa ai majaw, ka ai laika rai
nga ai.
Yaw Shada Ai Lam (Purpose): Laika hti masha ni
1) Karai Kasang gaw Yesu Hkristu hku nna, hkye hkrang la
ai chyeju hpe jaw nga ai ngu ai hpe chye na matu.
2) Sumsing mungdan hte htani htana asak hpe chye na let,
kam sham nga na matu.
3) Zingri zingrat hkam sha ai hpe hkam sharang let, kam
sham manoi manat ai gaw Karai Kasang a sharawng
awng ai lam re hpe chye na matu.
4) Makam masham hpe nyet kau ai ni a ntsa Karai Kasang
a jeyang ai lam gaw teng teng du na re hpe chye na matu,
ka ai rai nga ai.
Malawm Ni (Contents)
1.
Karai Kasang a lam hpe Yesu hkum tsup hkra
shaleng dan sai lam
(1:1-3)
2.
Hkristu a reng grau ai lam (1:4-2:18)
3.
Hkristu gaw Moshe hte Yawshu hta grau hkik hkam
ai lam (3:1-4:13)
4.
Hkristu gaw hkinjawng agyi kaba re ai lam
(4:14-7:28)
5.
Hkristu tawn da ai ga shaka
(8:1-9:28)
6.
Hkristu hkungga tai ya ai hte mara raw dat ya ai
lam (10:1-39)
7.
Makam masham a lam (11:1-12:29)

- 174 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

8.
9.

Karai Kasang sharawng awng hkra asak hkrung


ai lam (13:1-19)
Ga hpungdim (13:20-25)

Karai Masa Mungga (Theological Message)


Lagawn lamawn rai asak hkrung ai ( 5:11;6:12); myit
daw myit hten hkrum ai (12:3); Hkristan shawng nnan tai wa
ai shaloi na zawn makam masham hta myit mu myit hkut ai
lam yawm wa ai (3: 14; 10:23,35), shada da hkrum zup
hpawng de ai htung lai hpe nkau mi kau tawn da ai lam galaw
wa ai (10:25); Hpung a woi awn ai ningbaw ni hpe hkungga
ai lam hte ga madat ai lam yawm mat wa ai ni nga wa
ai(13:17); na la sai dai teng man ai lam hta na yit mat wa ai ni
nga wa ai (2:1), Karai Kasang hpe kam sham ai hta na htak
mat wa hkyen ai ni nga wa ai (3:12;10:26) majaw Yesu Hkristu
gaw hkum tsup dik ai wa, hkyik hkam dik ai wa; Hkristan
makam masham gaw hkyik hkam hkum tsup dik re ai lam
shadum ai mungga rai nga ai ( 1:1-10,18).
Yesu Hkristu gaw, ningpawt ninghpang laika hta ka
da ai Hkyin jawng agyi Melhkizedek hta grau hkyik hkam ai
wa, hkinjawng ni yawng hta grau kaba ai htani htana hkinjawng
agyi kaba wa re. Myihtoi ni hta mung, lamu kasa ni hta mung,
shinggyim masha ni hta mung grau kaba ai wa, hkyik hkam
ai wa re. Shinggyim masha ni chye na na matu, shinggyim
hkum hkrang dagraw hkam la let kaba dik ai hte hkyik hkam
dik ai hkungga hku tinang hkum tinang sak nawng ai wa re.
Hkyik hkam dik ai hkungga nawng ya ai wa re majaw ga
shaka ningnan hpe jaw ya ai wa mung re. Yesu gaw, Jep ai
tara ni hta grau hkik hkam ai wa re majaw tara ningnan bai
jaw lu ai wa re. Jep ai tara n rai; Yesu Hkristu hta sha teng
- 175 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

N-GAWN SHAWA HTE SENG AI


SHAGUN LAIKA NI

12. Lu su ai ni hpe sadi jaw ai lam (5:1-6)


13. Hkam sharang ai hte akyu hpyi ai lam (5:7-20).

( The Catholic or General Epistles)

Karai Masa Mungga (Theological Message)


Mungga madung gaw, makam masham hta magam
bungli n lawm yang gaw, tinang dai chyasi rai nga ai, ngu ai
lam re. Karai Kasang langai sha rai nga ai hpe nat ni mung
kam sham ma ai rai nna, hkrit gari nga ma ai. Rai tim, nat ni
gaw Karai Kasang a ga n madat ai hte, Karai Kasang ra
sharawng awng ai hku asak n hkrung ai. Dai majaw, tengman
ai makam masham gaw magam bungli hte rau shachyen nga
ai ngu ai mungga rai nga ai (2:17-24).
Agung alau gaw myit kraw kata na marin marit ai a majaw
pru wa ai rai nna, dai gaw yu bak hpe shaprat nga ai. Dai yu
bak kung hpan wa jang, si ai hpe shaprat dat wu ai (1:15).
Matsat shabat yawng hte hte, ladu lai ai n hkru n hkra
hte hpe yeng seng kau nna, anhte a myit masin hpe hkye
hkrang la lu na, kraw lawang e hkai da ai mungga hpe
sumnung ai myit hte hkam la ra ai.Tinang hkum hpe tinang n
hkalem kau myit ga, dai mungga hpe a na yu ai ni sha n rai,
dai hpe hkan galaw ai ni nan tai nga ra ai.
Hkristan ni gaw, hpaji byeng-ya lu la na matu hte, Karai
Kasang a tara ni hpe madat mara let asak hkrung nga lu na
matu tut nawng akyu hpyi ra ai. Kam sham ai sut gan hta lu su
nga ra ai. Ga tsun ai hta sadi ra ai, matsan mayan ni hpe
garum shingtau hkat ra ai; pawt sindawng lam hpe up hkang
lu ra ai. Anhte a tsun shaga, galaw gun hpai ai kyang lailen
shingni hte anhte a makam masham hpe shadan shapraw
dan ra ga ai (2:18) ngu ai mungga rai nga ai.
**********
- 180 -

Yaku, Yuda, I & II Petru, I & II & III Yawhan shagun laika ni
hpe ngawng shawa hte seng ai shagun laika ni nga ma ai.
******

YAKU
A
SHAGUN DAT AI LAIKA
(The Letter From James)
Laika Ka Ai Wa (The Author)
Karai Kasang hte Madu Yesu Hkristu a mayam Yaku
ka ai re ngu 1:1 hta rawng nga ai. Rai tim, Ga Shaka Ningnan
chyum laika hta Yaku mying ai masha mali (1) Alhpe a kasha
Yaku (Mk 3:18), (2) Zebedi a kasha Yaku (MK 1:19-20; Mat
4:21-22), (3) Yuda (Yuda Iskarut n re) a kawa Yaku (Lk 6:16),
(4) Yesu a Kanau Yaku (Gal 1:19) rawng nga ai. Nawku hpung
a matsun maroi hku hkai hkrat wa ai labau hta Yaku a shagun
dat ai laika gaw Yesu a kanau Yaku ka ai re ngu tsun ma ai.51
51

John F. Walvoord, eds., The Bible Knowledge Commentary: New Testament


(Weaton, Illinois: Victor Books, 1983), P.815.
41
Ibid. p.816.
- 177 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Ka Ai Shara Hte Shaning (Place & Date)


Flavius Josephus mying ai 1st century na labau sara
wa ka da ai hta, Yaku gaw A.D 62 hta matura hku sat kau
hkrum ai re. Dai majaw, Yaku a shagun dat ai laika gaw Yaku
rai n sat kau hkrum ai aten ka ai re. Bai nna, Yaku a shagun
dat ai laika hta Yerusalem kongsi {Kasa 15 (A.D 49)} a lam n
lawm ai. Dai kongsi hta Yaku gaw ningbaw ningla hku shang
lawm ai re. Dai zawn Yaku a shagun dat ai laika hta Yerusalem
kongsi a lam shingna daram sha pyi n lawm ai hpe yu yang,
dai laika hpe Yerusalem kongsi rai n hpawng shi yang ka ai
re ngu chye na la lu ga ai. Dai majaw, laika ka ai shaning gaw
A.D 45 hte A.D 48 lapran hta ka ai re ngu chyum sara ni
sawn la ma ai.52
Bra hkawm nga ai, Israela myu lakung 12 a matu ka
ai (1:1) ngu sha rawng ai majaw, ka ai shara mung tup hkrak
gaw n chye lu ga ai. Suri mung na Antioki mare kaw nga ai
aten ka ai rai na re ngu nna, chyum sara ni sawn la ma ai.53

17). Dai majaw dai ni hpe ngun atsam jaw ra ai lam pru wa
ai.
(2) Hkristan nkau mi makam masham kaw na htak mat wa ai
ni nga ai. Nkau mi Karai Kasang a tara n hkan ai sha, masha
a myi man tau let yu bak galaw ai ni, shada tsaw ra myit ni n
rawng mat wa ai lam ni; Hkristan mying nna, arawn alai n
kaja ai ni (3:13); Dagam dala ga tsun ai (5:12); akyu n hpyi ai
(5:13, 17-18) lam ni byin pru nga ai majaw dai lam ni hpe
shadum sharin na matu ka ai re.

Laika Ka Ra Wa Ai Mabyin (Occasion): (1) Hkristan hpung


ni nnan nga wa ai aten hta Yuda nawku htung hte langai sha
re ai hku up hkang ai asu ya ni chye na ai majaw, sim sa ai
hku nga lu ma ai. Rai tim, hpang daw de Yuda nawku htung
hte n bung ai alak mi re ai makam masham re hpe chye wa
ai shaloi, lam amyu myu hku Hkristan ni hpe zingri ai lam ni
nga wa ai. Yerusalem mare kaw na, Mediterranean panglai
a sin praw maga hte mungkan shara shagu de chyam bra
mat wa ai, Hkristan ni mung lam amyu myu hku dingbai dingna
sharu shatsang zingri zingrat ai lam ni hkrum ma ai(Yaku 2:1552

Ibid. p.816.
Eh Wah , New Testament Introduction, Lecture Note fot B.Th course,
Myanmar Institute of Theology,Insein, 1993. P.43.

53

- 178 -

Laika Ka Ai A Yaw Shada Ai Lam (Purpose):


1) Kam sham ai ni a asak hkrung lam galai shai wa na matu.
2) Zingri zingrat tsin yam hkrum tim, makam masham hta
ngang kang na matu.
3) Tengman ai makam masham gaw magam bungli hte
kapyawn nga ai lam tsun sharin na matu, ka ai rai nga ai.
Malawm Ni (Contents)
1. Ga Nhpaw (1:1)
2. Makam masham hte hpaji byengya (1:2-8)
3. Matsan ai hte lu su ai (1:9-11)
4. Chyam dinglik ai hte agung alau (1:12-18)
5. Na la ai hte galaw ai (1:19-27)
6. Myiman lata, ginhka hkat ai lam hpe sadi jaw ai (2:113)
7. Makam masham hte magam bungli (2: 14-26)
8. Hkristan hte shinglet a lam (3:1-18)
9. Hkristan hte dinghta mungkan (4:1-10)
10. Hkristan hpu nau wa hpe n jeyang na lam
(4:11-12)
11. Gumrawng Gumtawng n rai na lam (4:13-17)
- 179 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

7.
8.
9.
10.

Makam masham hte magam bungli (2:14-26)


Hkristan ni hte shinglet hpe sadi ra ai lam
(3:1-18)
Hkristan ni hte mungkan masa lam
(4:1-5:6)
Shakut sharang ai hte Hkristan arawn alai a lam
(5:7-20)

Karai Masa Mungga (Theological Message)


Sara masu ni a sharin ai lam ni hpe koi gam let, kasa
ni shawng e sharin da sai hte maren, Karai Kasang lak san
jaw ya ai hkye hkrang la ai chyeju hpe machyu mahku nga na
matu tsun shadum ai mungga re. Karai Kasang gaw, Ga
Shaka Dingsa labau hta n kam sham ai Israela ni hpe jahten
shaza kau ai zawn, Sodom yan Gomora mare zawn ngang
gayut, kyang lailen hten za ai lam ni hta hkan ai ni mung jeyang
hkrum masai re. Dai hte maren, dai ni mung Hkye hkrang la
ai madu Yesu Hkrsitu langai sha re hpe, nyet kau ai ni a hpang
hkan ai ni jeyang hkrum na re. N se n sa, ngang gayut, kyang
lailen hten za ai hku asak hkrung ai ni mung jeyang hkrum na
re. Dai majaw, Yesu Hkristu jaw ya ai hkye hkrang la hkrum
sai asak hkrung lam hpe, ngang ngang kang kang makawp
maga let asak hkrung ra ai ngu ngun jaw ai mungga rai nga
ai.
**********

- 184 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

YUDA
A
SHAGUN DAT AI LAIKA
( The Letter From Jude)

Laika Ka Ai Wa (The Auhtor)


1:1 hta laika ka ai wa shi hkum shi Yesu Hkristu a
mayam hte, Yaku a kanau re ngu ka da nga ai. Matsun maroi
ga ni hte hkai hkrat wa ai kaw, Yuda gaw Yesu a kanau re ngu
tsun ma ai (Mk.6:3; Mt. 13:55). Moi na hpung kawa yan rai
nga ai, Alexandria mare na Clement hte Carthage mare na
Tertullian yan mung Yesu a kanau Yuda ka ai re ngu tsun sharin
ma ai.
Ka Ai Shara Hte Shaning (Place & Date)
Gara sha ra kaw galoi ka ai ngu ai hpe hkrak tup gaw
n chye lu ga ai. Yuda 1:17-18 kaw nanhte chyawm gaw, anhte
a Madu Yesu Hkristu a kasa ni nanhte hpe shawng e tsun
dan manit ai ga hpe adum nga mu ngu tsun ai hpe mahta
nna, Yawhan hta lai nna kaga kasa ni si ai hpang A.D 80 hte

- 181 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

90 lapran ka ai re ngu, chyum sara malawng tsun ma ai. Ka


ai shara gaw, II Petru 2 hte Yuda 1:4:6 ram ram bung ai hpe
mahta nna, II Petru hpe ka ai Roma mare kaw sha, Yuda a
shagun dat ai laika hpe ka ai re ngu chyum sara ni tsun ma
ai.54

is evil). Yesu Hkristu mung shinggyim hkum shan hte re ai wa


re majaw Karai n re ngu kam ma ai).

Laika Ka Ra Wa Ai Mabyin (Occasion)


Yuda gaw, Hkristan ni mung masa hku zingri hkrum ai
aten hte sara masu ni a sharin shut ai lam ni law law nga wa
ai hte maren, Hkristan ni hpe lam shadam ai, makam masham
hta na yit kataw shangun ai lam ni law wa ai hpe mu ai majaw,
ndai laika hpe ka ai rai nga ai.
1) Karai Kasang a lak san chyeju (Gods grace) hpe gyit
hkang ai lam yawng kaw na lawt sai, dai lawt lu ai lam gaw
tinang kam ai mai galaw sai, ngu lachyum htai la ai hte ngang
kayut ai (1: 4), hkum shan hpe awu asin di ai (1:8),tinang
hkum hpe jahten shabyak ai (1:10), lam ni hta asak hkrung ai
ni nga wa ai.
2) Lamu kasa ni hte Yesu Hkrsitu a daru magam hpung
shingkang hpe, Gnosticism ni a makam hte kapyawn nna,
ningdang ai lam ni nga wa ma ai ( Gnostic ni gaw Lamu kasa
ni gaw Karai Kasang a hpan da ai lam hta lit la ai ni re.
Shanhte gaw, ndai jum lu ai hkum hkrang gaw, hkra lu, mu lu
ai hkrang mungkan hte seng ai ni re majaw, wenyi lam hku
chyoi pra san seng lam nau n nga sai ngu kam ma ai (matter

54

Eh Wah , New Testament Introduction, Lecture Note fot B.Th course,


Myanmar Institute of Theology,Insein, 1993. P. 44.

- 182 -

3) Docetists ni mung, Yesu Hkristu gaw Karai majing she re,


shinggyim masha majing n re. Shinggyim masha zawn shadan
dan ai sha re ngu tsun sharin ma ai.
Lahta na lam ni hpe shading sharai ya ra wa ai majaw,
laika ka ra wa ai lam rai nga ai.
Laika Ka Ai A Yaw Shada Ai Lam (Purpose)
Mungkan ting hta bra hkawm nga ai Israel amyu 12
hpang de ka ai re. 1) Zingri zingrat hte ruyak tsinyam amyu
myu hkrum nga ai hpung masha ni hpe n gun atsam jaw na
matu.
2) Sara masu ni a sharin shut ai hpe ninghkap let, kasa ni
sharin lai wa sai lam ni hta kam sham manoi manat nna asak
hkrung lu na matu ka ai re.
Malawm Ni (Contents)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Shakram ga (1:1)
Makam masham hte hpaji byeng ya a lam
(1:2-8)
Matsan ai hte sut gan lu su ai lam (1:9-11)
Arung alau hte chyam dinglik ai lam (1:12-18)
Na la ai hte ta tut hkan namg hkan sa ai lam
(1:19-27)
Shada ginghka hkat ai lam n nga hkra sadi jaw ai
lam (2:1-13)
- 183 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Yesu Hkristu hkam la lu ai kabu gara lam hpe madu lu la na


matu re (4:12-19). Dai majaw, nju ndawng ai lam ni, zingri
zingrat ai lam ni hkrum hkra nga tim, sadi dung kang ka ai
makam masham hte chyoi pra san seng ai hku, mai kaja ai
magam bungli shachyen let asak hkrung ra ai ngu ngun atsam
jaw ai mungga rai nga ai.

PETRU

**********

A
SHAGUN DAT AI LAIKA
LANGAI
(The First Letter form Peter)

Laika Ka Ai Wa ( The Auhtor)


Kasa Petru ka ai re (1:1).
Ka Ai Shara Hte Shaning (Place & Date)
Kasa Petru ka ai rai nna, gara shara, gara aten e ka
ai hpe hkrak nchye lu ai. Petru gaw A.D 67 ning hta matura
hku Roma mare kaw sat kau hkrum ai re. Dai majaw, moi na
matsun maroi ga ni hta Roma mare e, Roma hkaw seng Nero
wa Hkristan ni hpe rai n zingri ai aten (sh) zingri hpang wa ai
aten, A.D 62-64 ning daram hta ka ai laika rai nna. Asha
Maina dingdung daw hta nga ayai nga ai Hkristan ni hpang
de ka ai laika re, ngu nna hkai ma ai.

- 188 -

- 185 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Laika Ka Ra Wa Ai Mabyin (Occasion)

4.

I Petru laika gaw Asha Maina dingdung daw (ndai prat


na Turkey mung a sinna daw) de chyam bra nga ai kam sham
ai hpung masha ni hpang de ka ai laika re. Shanhte gaw,
Yuda hte tara maigan kaw na Hkristan tai wa ai ni rai ma ai.
Shanhte hpe Karai Kasang a lata la ai amyu (sh) lata la hkrum
ai shinggyim masha (Gods chosen people) ngu tsun da nga
ai (1:2-3). Shanhte chyam dinglik ai lam amyu myu hkrum ma
ai (1:6). N kaja ai amu galaw ai ni ngu shadu hkrum ma ai
(2:12). Yesu Hkristu hpe kam sham ai a majaw aroi arip hkrum
ma ai (3: 16). Nni nkri hkrum ma ai (4:16). Htingbu htingbyen
ni a nju ndawng hkrum ai (2:15; 3:14). Dai lam ni a majaw,
ngang grin ai makam masham hte asak hkrung nga lu na
matu ngun jaw ra wa ai majaw laika ka ai rai nga ai.

5.

Laika Ka Ai A Yaw Shada Ai Lam (Purpose)


Zingri zingrat lapran hta Hkristan ni hkam jan lu na
matu hte, chyoi pra san seng ai asak hkrung lam hku hkrung
nga lu na matu ngn jaw ra wa ai, majaw ka ai rai nga ai.

Malawm Ni (Contents)
1.
2.
3.

Shakram ga (1:1-2)
Karai Kasang a hkye hkrang la ai chyeju hpe bai
myit dum shangun ai lam (1:3-12)
Chyoi pra ai ni tai na matu shadut ai lam
(1:13-25)
- 186 -

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

Hkrung ai nlung hte Karai Kasang a shangun ma


ni (2:1-17)
Hkristu zingri zingrat hkrum let kasi madun ai lam
(2:18-25)
Madu jan hte madu wa ni a lam (3:1-7)
Tengman ai lam a majaw zingri hkrum ai lam
(3:8-22)
Asak hkrung lam ningnan hte hkrum sha ra ai
tsinyam (4:1-19)
Karai Kasang a sagu hpung (5:1-11)
Ga hpungdim (5:12-14)

Karai Masa Mungga (Theological Message)


Karai Kasang gaw, kam sham ai hpung masha ni hpe
ngang grin ai hkye hkrang la ai chyeju lu la shangun mayu ai
hte, shanhte a makam masham hpe chyam dinglik yu nga ai
(1:1-12). Teng man ai kam sham lam gaw chyoi pra ai hte
tsaw ra matsan dum ai lam hpe shapraw ya nga ai(1:13-23)
sha n-ga, kaga masha ni hpe chyeju ginlen ya nga ai (2:410). Dai majaw Hkristan ni gaw kaja ai lai kyang hte asak
hkrung ra ai(2:11-17). Ngwi pyaw ai hte kahkyin gumdin lam
hpe gaw gap ra ai (3:1-12). Teng man ai Hkristan hku asak
hkrung yang, tsin yam hkam sha lam gaw nga na sha re. Yesu
Hkristu mung hkam sha lai wa sai (3:13-22). Rai tim, Yesu
Hkristu tsinyam hkam sha ai lam gaw, gaman lila a matu n
rai, Karai Kasang a hpung shingkang a matu re. Hkristan ni,
makam masham a majaw tsinyam hkam sha ra ai lam mung,
grau asi si ai asak hkrung lam tai wa na matu (4:1-11) hte
- 187 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

YAWHAN
A
SHAGUN DAT AI LAIKA
LANGAI
(The First Letter of John)

Laika Ka Ai WA (The Auhtor)


I Yawhan hta kadai ka ai ngu ai n rawng ai. Yawhan a
shagun dat ai laika ngu ga baw dat da tim, Yawhan mying ai
wa shi hkum shi kadai re ngu ai n ka shalawm da ai.
Moi na hpung ni tsun hkai hkrat wa ai matsun maroi
ga ni hta, Kasa Yawhan ka ai re ngu tsun ma ai.
Rai tim dai ni na prat dep chyum ninghkrin ni gaw
Kasa Yawhan ka ai n re. Asia Maina kaw 2nd century daram
hta nga ai, asak kaba sai hpung myit su (Elder) Yawhan ka
rai re nga ma ai. Hpung myitsu Yawhan gaw Kasa Yawhan a
sape re ngu nna mung tsun ma ai.

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

PETRU
A
SHAGUN DAT AI LAIKA
LAHKAWNG
(The Second Letter from Peter)

Laika Ka Ai Wa (The Auhtor)


Shara shagu de chyam bra hkawm nga ai Hkristan ni
hpang de Kasa Petru ka ai re (1:1).
Ka Ai Shara Hte Shaning (Place & Date)
Kasa Petru, Roma mare kaw, A.D 64-67 lapran e ka
ai rai na re ngu nna, chyum ninghkrin ni sawn la ma ai.
Laika Ka Ra Wa Ai Mabyin (Occasion)
Shut shai ai hku sharin achyin ai hte lam woi shadam
ai sharin sara ni law law nga ai aten re ai majaw, Hkristan ni

- 192 -

- 189 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Hkristan mying mying tim, asak hkrung lam gaw, Yesu Hkristu
hte hpa n seng ai ni zawn asak hkrung ai ni nga wa ai. Du sat
shazai zawn, ngang gayut pyaw len ai hku asak hkrung ai ni a
gunglau ai majaw, Hkristan nkau mi, moi Yesu hpe rai n hkap
la shi yang na, asak hkrung lam de bai n htang mat wa na
hpe tsang ra nga ai aten re. Bai nna, shaning ni law law na
wa ai rai tim, Yesu lahkawng lang ngu na bai yu wa ai lam n
nga ai majaw n kau mi Yesu bai du sa na lam hte seng nna, n
hten ai myit rawng wa nga ai aten mung re. Dai majaw, Kasa
Petru shi tsun sharin lai wa sai mungga ni hpe bai myit dum
na matu sadi jaw ra wa ai majaw ka ai rai nga ai.
Laika Ka Ai A Yaw Shada Ai Lam (Purpose)
(1) Karai Kasang a hkangda ai tara ni hpe n hkan ai sha
asak hkrung ai Hkristan ni hpe, shadum sharin na matu
(2) shut shai ai hku sharin achyin ai sara masu ni hpe koi lu
na matu
(3) Hkye hkrang la ai Madu Yesu Hkristu a chyeju hte shi hpe
chye chyang ai lam hta matut nna galu kaba kunghpan sa wa
na matu ka ai re.

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Karai Masa Mungga (Theological Message)


Kamsham ai Hkristan ni gaw, mungkan ga a, marin
marit ai hten bya ai lam kaw na lawt wa lu ra ai hte, Karai Wa
a myit marai hpe dagraw la ra ga ai. Kam sham ai myit hte
san seng ai marai a shaja nga ra ai. San seng ai marai hta,
chye chyang ai, chye chyang ai hta koi gam ai, koi gam ai hta
shakut sharang ai, shakut sharang ai hta tara hkungga ai,
tara hkungga ai hta hpu nau hpe tsaw ra ai, hpu nau hpe tsaw
ra ai hta n-gaw nwai ai myit a shaja nga ra ai (1: 3-8).
Yesu gaw ten sha bai yu wa na re. Ya rai n yu wa ai
gaw Karai Kasang gaw masha kadai hpe mung n kam jahten
kau ai sha, yawng mayawng hpe tinang a yubak mara kaw
na kayin wa shangun mayu ai majaw re. Hkristan asak hkrung
lam gaw, Yesu bai du sa na aten hpe myit masin shajin nna
ala nga let, Hkye hkrang la ai Madu Yesu Hkristu a chyeju hte,
shi hpe chye chyang ai lam hta, matut nna galu kaba
kunghpan sa wa ra ai, ngu ai mungga re (3:8-18).
**********

Malawm Ni (Contents)
1.
2.
3.
4.

Shakram ga (1:1-2)
Hkristan ni a lit hte magam bungli (1:3-21)
Myihtoi masu ni a lam ( 2:1-22)
Yesu bai yu sa na lam (3:1-18)

- 190 -

- 191 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

ai. Yesu du sa ai gaw, Nat a amu bungli hpe sharun jahten


kau na matu re. (3:8). Dai majaw, Karai Kasang a kashu kasha
ni gaw dinghpring ai amu galaw ai hte, kahpu kanau hpe tsaw
ra ra ai (3:10). Teng man ai lam a wenyi hte, lam shadam ai
wenyi hpe chye ginhka nna, asak hkrung ra ai (4:6). Yesu hpe
n yin la ai wenyi shagu gaw, Karai Kasang kaw na rai nga ai
n rai (4:3). Hkristan ni gaw, tsaw ra myit hte asak hkrung ra ai,
hpa majaw nga yang tsaw ra myit gaw Karai Kasang kaw na
rai nga ai hte, tsaw ra myit rawng ai wa kadai rai ti ti mung
Karai Kasang kaw na shangai wa sai hte Karai Kasang hpe
chye chyang nga ai. (4:7-8).
Karai Kasang gaw shi a myit ra ai hku hte maren anhte
hpyi ai hpa hpe rai ti mung madat ya nga ai lam hkrak kam
sham ai myit masin hte Karai Kasang kaw sit shang yang shi
madat mara ya nga ai (5:14-15). Hkristan ni gaw, masu ai
karai ni hpe koi ra ai sha n-ga, teng man ai Karai Kasang hte
n htum n wai asak rai nga ai Yesu Hkristu hte langai sha tai
nna asak hkrung nga ra ai ni re ngu ai hpe tut dum hprang
nga ga, ngu ai mungga rai nga ai.
**********

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Ka Ai Shara hte Shaning (Place & Date)


Kasa Yawhan ka ai re ngu hkam la ai ni gaw, A.D 9095 ning laman, Ehpesu mare e Kasa Yawhan ka ai re ngu
hkai ma ai.Asak kaba sai hpung myit su Yawhan ka ai ngu
hkam la ai ni gaw A.D 96-100 daram hta Asai Maina (sh)
Ehpesu mare kaw ka ai re ngu, hkai ma ai.
Kadai Ni Hpang De Ka Ai ( Recipients)
Kadai ni hpang de ka ai ngu ai hpe I Yawhan hta n mu
lu ai. Rai tim, sharin shut ai sara masu ni a hkalem ai hte lam
yit shangun ai lam ni hkrum hkra nga ai, Ehpesu mare makau
grup yin hta nga ai nawku hpung ni hpang de ka ai re ngu
chyum ninghkrin ni sawn la ma ai.55
Laika Ka Ra Wa Ai Mabyin ( Occasion): - Docetists ngu
ai {Gnostics zawn re ai myit sawn ningchyoi (Philosophy)} ni,
kam sham ai hpung masha ni hpe shut shai ai hku hkan sharin
hkawm nga ai aten re. Dai ni gaw, Karai Kasang a lam hpe
grai chye chyang kungkyang ai ni ngu hkam la ma ai. Shanhte
gaw (1) Machye machyang lam hta myit nyan jahtoi ya hkrum
sai ni, (2) Teng man ai lam hpe chye ai ni (3) Karai Kasang
hte tut nawng wenyi hku matut mahkai nga ai ni (4) yubak
mara kaw na lawt kawt ai ni ngu hkam la ma ai. Bai nna,
shanhte gaw Yesu a shinggyim hkum majing dagraw ai hpe n
kam ma ai. Yesu gaw shinggyim masha majing n re, shinggyim
masha hkrang hku shadan dan ai lam she re ngu, kam ma
55

Paul Enns, The Moddy Handbook of Theology (Chicago: Moody Press,


1989), P.135.

- 196 -

- 193 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

ai.56 Shanhte a sharin shut ai lam ni a majaw, kam sham ai


hpung masha nkau mi Yesu a lam hte seng nna, nhten ai myit
ni rawng wa ai. Yesu gaw masha majing n re nga jang, shi a
si hkam ai hte bai hkrung rawt nna, hkye hkrang la ai lam
gaw, anhte a matu hpa baw akyu nga a ta? ngu ai baw ga
san ni law law, kam sham ai hpung masha ni kaw byin pru
nga ai aten re.
Bai nna, Gnostic ni sharin ai, wenyi sha kaja ai,
hkrang nga ai hkum sai shan gaw n kaja ai ngu ai lam ni
gaw, kam sham ai hpung masha ni a matu kyang lai len hten
za lam byin tai wa shangun nga ai aten mung re. N kaja ai
hkum shan a bungli gaw, wenyi a san seng chyoi pra lam hpe
n hkra machyi shangun ai, ngu sharin ai majaw kam sham ai
ni mara galaw mai ai. Dai gaw hkye hkrang la ai lam hte n
seng ai ngu ai de chye na mat wa shangun nga ai. Dai lam ni
a majaw, n dai laika ka ra wa ai lam rai nga ai.57
Laika Ka Ai A Yaw Shada Ai Lam (Purpose)
(1) Shut shai ai hku sharin ai ni hpe ninghkap na matu
(2) Sharin shut ai lam ni hpe sharai ya na matu
(3) tengman ai hku Yesu Hkristu hte ganawn mazum asak
hkrung ai lam ni hpe shadum sharin na matu ka ai rai nga ai.
56

Eh Wah , New Testament Introduction, Lecture Note fot B.Th course,


Myanmar Institute of Theology,Insein, 1993, p.45.
57
Don Fleming, Compiled., Bible Knowledge Dictionary (Brisbane: Bridgeway
Publications, 1990), P.227.

- 194 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Malawm Ni (Contents)
1. Ga nhpaw (1:1-4)
2. Nhtoi hte nsin (1:5-2:29)
3. Karai Kasang a kashu kasha hte Tsadan a kashu
kasha (3:1-24)
4. Tengman ai hte shut shai ai lam (4:1-6)
5. Tsaw ra myit a lam (4:7-21)
6. Mungkan hpe awng dang lu ai makam masham (5:121)
Karai Masa Mungga (Theological Message)
Yesu gaw htani htana Karai Kasang re ai sha n-ga,
shinggyim hkum hkrang majing dagraw nna asak hkrung lai
wa sai re (1:1-4). Karai Kasang gaw, nhtoi rai nga ai hte
maren Karai Kasang a kashu kasha rai nga ai anhte ni mung
nhtoi hta asak hkrung hkawm sa ra ai. Yubak mara lu nga
ninglen (1:8), yubak mara kaw na raw dat kau ya hkrum ai ni
re. Dai majaw, san seng chyoi pra ai hku asak hkrung ra ai,
Karai Kasang a hkang da ai tara ni hpe madat mara hkan
nang hkan sa ra ai (1:5-2:6). Hkristan ni gaw, Yesu hkang da
ai tara rai nga ai, shada tsaw ra ra ai ngu ai ga hta asak
hkrung ra ai sha n-ga, mungkan a n hkru n kaja ai hku gunglau
ai lam ni hpe mung ninghkap kau ra ai (2:7-17). Yesu Hkristu
a lam, n jaw ai hku shrin ai ni gaw, Yesu a hpyen wa Antihkristu
rai nga ai hpe dum chye ra ai (2:18-29). Hkristu nan chyoi
pra nga ai hte maren, Hkristan ni tinang hkum hpe shachyoi
shapra da ra ai. (3:3). Yubak sha naw agalaw shanang nga
ai kadai rai ti mung, Nat hte seng ai wa rai nga ai, kaning rai
nme law, Nat gaw shawng ningpawt kaw nna yubak galaw nu
- 195 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

mi kaw, Diotrihpi ngu ai hpung myitsu wa gaw tengman ai


hku hkaw tsun ai Hkristan ni hpe hpung kata n jashawn wu ai.
Dai ni hpe Yawhan (Yawhan a shagun dat ai laika ka ai hpung
kawa) a dat kasa ni re ngu nna, hkap ninghkap hkap di wu ai.
Dai majaw, Yawhan gaw dai hpung a kaga ningbaw langai
rai nga ai Geu hpe, teng man ai lam hku hkaw hkawm ai
Hkristan ni hpe daw jau na matu ka ai rai nga ai.
Laika Ka Ai A Yaw Shada Ai Lam (Purpose)
Hpung langai ngai de ka ai n re ai sha, Geu ngu ai
hpung salang wa hpang de ka ai re. Diotrihpi ngu ai wa hpe
koi kau na matu hte Hkristan hpu nau ni hpe karum shingtau
na matu n gun jaw ka ai lam rai nga ai.
Malawm Ni (Contents)
1.
2.
3.
4.

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

YAWHAN
A
SHAGUN DAT AI LAIKA
LAHKAWNG
(The Second Letter Of John)

Laika Ka Ai Wa (The Auhtor)

Ga Nhpaw (1-4)
Gewu hpe shakawn ai lam (5-8)
Demetri hpe shakawn ai lam (11-12)
Ga Hpung dim (13-15).

Karai Masa Mungga (Theological Message)


Hkristan ni galaw ang ai manam daw ai lam hta Geu
wa sharawng awng let gun hpai ai hpe shakawn let, teng man
ai kabu gara shi ga hkaw tsun hkawm ai ni hpe tsaw ra myit
hte daw jau ra ai, ngu ai mungga rai nga ai.
**********

- 200 -

Hpung salang Yawhan ka ai re ( II YAwhan 1:1).


Ka Ai Shara hte Shaning (Place & Date)
A.D 96-100 daram hta Asia Minor (sh) Ehpesu mare
kaw ka ai re ngu hkai ma ai.
Kadai Ni Hpang De Ka Ai ( Recipients)
Lata la hkrum ai Majan hte shi a kashu kasha ni hpang
de ngu nna, buga hpung langai mi hte de a hpung masha ni
hpang de ka dat ai laika re (1:1).

- 197 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Laika Ka Ra Wa Ai Mabyin ( Occasion)


Shut shai ai hku sharin ai sara masu ni kam sham ai
hpung masha ni a dum nta ni hkan gawan hkawm let, Yesu
Hkristu gaw masha hkum shan hpe dagraw nna du sa ai n re
ngu, sharin hkawm nga ai majaw, hpung masha ni hpe sadi
jaw tsun shadum na matu ka ai rai nga ai.
Laika Ka Ai A Yaw Shada Ai Lam (Purpose)
Hpung masha shada tsaw ra myit hte daw jau ra ai
lam hte, hkalem hkalau ai antihkrsitu ni hpe n hkap la na lam
sadi jaw ai hku nna ka dat ai laika re.
Malawm Ni (Contents)
1. Ga nhpaw (1:1-3)
2. Tsaw ra myit she ahkyak ai lam (1:4-6)
3. Shut shai ai makam hte sharin achyin ai lam ni hpe
sadi na lam (1:7-11)
4. Ga Hpungdim (1:12-13).
Karai Masa Mungga (Theological Message)
Yesu Hkristu gaw masha a hkum shan hpe dagraw
nna, du sa ai hpe, ndang kau ai, hkalem ai masha ni g aw
antihkristu re (1:7). Masu ai sara ni hte shanhte a sharin achyin
ai lam ni hpe koi kau ra ai. Hpung masha ni g aw shada tsaw
ra nga ra ai (1:5). Hkristu a sharin shaga ai lam hpe, tawt lai
ai hte n hkan nang ai wa kadai rai ti mung, Karai Kasang hte
n seng nga ai. Hkan nang hkan sa ai ni sha Kawa yan Kasha
hte seng nga ai (1:9) ngu ai mungga re.
**********
- 198 -

YAWHAN
A
SHAGUN DAT AI LAIKA
MASUM
(The Third Letter of John)

Laika Ka Ai Wa (The Auhtor)


Hpung kawaYawhan ka ai re.
Ka Ai Shara Hte Shaning (Place & Date)
A.D 90-95 ning laman hta Ehpesu mare hta e ka ai re
ngu nna chyum ninghkrin ni sawn la ma ai.
Laika Ka Ra Wa Ai Mabyin ( Occasion)
Shut shai ai hku sharin ai sara masu ni law law, hpung
masha ni a nta hkan gawan hkawm let hkaw tsun nga ai zawn,
teng man ai makam masham hte hkrak rai sharin achyin
hkawm ai Hkristan ni mung nga ma ai. Nawku hpung langai

- 199 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Karai Kasang a sindawng kahtet rawng ai gawm 7 (16:121)


8. Babylon Mare hten za na lam hte, tsadan hte salung sala
ni hkrat sum na lam ( 17:1-20:10)
9. Hpang jahtum na tara jeyang na lam (20:11-15)
10. Sumsing nnan, mungkan nnan, Yerusalem mare nnan
(21:1-22:5)
11. Yesu bai yu wa na lam (22:6-17)
12. Ga hpungdim (22:18-21).

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

7.

Karai Masa Mungga (Theological Message)


Shingran laika gaw kumla masat ni hte Karai Kasang
hte tsadan, Meshia hpe kam sham ai Hkristan ni hte Roma
hkawhkam ni a lapran na mang hkang lam ni hpe gum wai
hku ka sang lang da ai laika rai nga ai. Karai Kasang gaw
shi a daru magam hpung shingkang hte shinggyim masha ni
a labau, galaw gun hpai ai magam bungli yawng a ntsa up
hkang nga ai. Tsadan hte tsadan a magam bungli galaw ai
mung up hkaw hkam ni Karai Kasang yaw shada ai lam hpe
gumlau dang kau lu na n rai. Karai Kasang gaw n hkru n hkra
ai hku galaw ai ni a lapran kaw magam bungli galaw let,
jahtum e shi a hpung shingkang hpe shadan shadawng ai
Karai rai nga ai. Dai majaw Karai Kasang a daru magam
hpung shingkang gaw Hkristan ni a matu zingri zingrat lapran
hta myit mada shara hte awng dang lam lu la na, n-gun rai
nga ai.
Yesu Hkristu gaw yawng mayawng hpe yu lahku up
hkang nga ai wa re. Hkungga sat nawng kau hkrum ai sagu
kasha zawn si hkam nna, yubak mara a palen kaw na awng
dang ai wa re. Si hkrung si htan a ntsa e mung, si hkrung si
- 204 -

YAWHAN
A
SHINGRAN LAIKA
(The Revelation to John)

Laika Ka Ai Wa (The author)


1:1,4:9, 22:8 ni hta Yawhan ngu ai wa ka ai re ngu nna
tsun da nga ai. Rai tim, Kasa Yawhan i? (sh) asak kaba sai
hpung salang Yawhan i? (sh) kaga Yawhan i? ngu ai hpe
hkrak tup n tsun da ai.
Matsun maroi hku hkringhtawng hkan nna hkai hkrat
wa ai ni gaw, kasa Yawhan ka ai re nga ma ai. Rai tim, chyum
ninghkrin n kau mi gaw shingran laika hta (1) Yesu Hkristu a
shinggyim hkum hkrang dagraw ai shaloi na asak hkrung lam
hte seng nna kachyi myi pyi n rawng ai (2) Yawhan laika hte
grammar, styles, ideas ni shai ai. Dai majaw Kasa Yawhan
ka ai n re. Dai majaw Asia Minor kaw nga ai Hkristan ni hte
hku hkau ai asak kaba sai hpung salang Yawhan madaw she
ka ai re nga ma ai.

- 201 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Ka Ai Shara Hte Shaning (Place & Date)

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

Roma hkaw seng Domitian wa, Hkristan ni hpe zingri


zingrat galaw ai aten ka ai re ngu chyum ninghkrin ni law
malawng hkap la ma ai. Dai majaw, Yawhan Patmu zunlawng
kaw nga ai aten Yesu Hkristu kaw na shingran lu la let, A.D
81-96 laman hta ka ai laika re nga ma ai. Chyum ninghkrin
nkau mi gaw, Yawhan Patmu zunlawng hta sharen da hkrum
ai kaw na lawt ai hpang,Ehpesu mare kaw wa nga ai aten,
ka ai re mung nga ma ai. (Patmu zunlawng gaw Ehpesu mare
a sinna dingda maga kaw nga ai zunlawng rai nna, Roma
asuya ni htawng zawn asung jashawn ai zunlawng re. Dai ni
na prat hta Turkey mungdan kaw lawm ai shara re)

yawng gaw, hkawhkam wa hpe Karai hku nawku ra ai


(emperor worship) ngu, mung masha ni hpe atik anang nawku
shangun ai aten re. Hkristan ni, dai hpe n hkan nawku ai
majaw, zingri zingrat hkrum sha ai aten re (2:10,13; 6:9-11).
Hkristan ni hpe n ju n dawng ai masha ni law wa ai sha n-ga,
myihtoi masu ni mung tara maigan nawku htung ni hpe hkan
nang na matu Hkristan ni hpe gunglau ma ai (2:14,20-21).
Hkristan nkau mi mung, makam masham hpe nyet kau ai ni
nga wa ai. Nkau mi gaw, Roma ni a zingri zingrat di ai kaw
na, Yesu n mawai la lu sai kun? ngu nhten ai myit rawng ai ni
mung nga wa ma ai. Dai zawn re ai aten hta, Yesu, Yawhan
hpe shingran jaw nna, n dai shingran laika hpe ka shangun ai
rai nga ai.

Laika Ka Ai Aten Na Mabyin (Occasion)

Lai Ka Ai A Yaw Shada Ai Lam (Purpose)

Hkristan ni, tsaban langai kaw nna zingri zingrat hkrum


ma ai. Shawng daw de Yuda ni a zingri ai lam hkrum nna,
hpang daw de gaw mung up ai Roma asu ya ni a zingri zingrat
ai hkrum ma ai. Nero hte Domitian yan gaw Hkristan ni hpe
zingri ai hta mying kaba ai hkaw seng yan rai ma ai. Nero a
zingri ai lam gaw Roma mare grup yin sha rai nna, Domitian
wa gaw Roma mare hte Asia Minor shara shagu na ni hpe
zingri ai lam galaw wu ai. Dai majaw, Shingran Laika hpe
Domitian a zingri zingrat ai aten ka ai re nga ma ai.
Yawhan, Karai Kasang a mungga hte Yesu Hkristu
sakse hkam shadan dan ai teng man ai lam hpe hkaw tsun ai
majaw, Patmu zunlawng e sharen da hkrum ai re. Dai aten,
Shingran lu la ai hte shingran laika hpe ka nna, Asia Minor
kaw nga ai nawku hpung 7 hpang de ka shana dat ai lam rai
nga ai. Dai aten hta Roma hkaw seng hte mung up salnag ni

Yesu hpe kam sham ai majaw zingri zingrat hkrum ai


Hkristan ni hpe, hpang jahtum nhtoi e byin na lam ni hte, Karai
Kasang jaw na janmau ni a lam hpe sang lang dan let, ngang
kang ai makam masham hta maju jung na matu ngun jaw ai
hku nna, ka ai rai nga ai.

- 202 -

Malawn Ni (Contents)
1. Ga nhpaw (1: 1-8)
2. Hpung 7 hpang de shana dat ai lam (1:9-3:22)
3. Dazik 7 lawm ai laika shabawn (4:1 8:1)
4. Pahtau 7 a lam (8:2-11:19)
5. Baren numraw hte matse labye dusat 2 a lam
(12:1-13:18)
6. Shingran amyu myu (14:1-15:8)

- 203 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

htan a mungdan a ntsa e mung up hkang nga ai wa re (1:18).


Tsadan gaw Yesu Hkristu hte Hkristan ni hpe jahten sharun ai
lam tut nawng galaw nga tim, jahtum e hkrat sum mat na re.
Yesu gaw tsadan hte salung sala ni hpe sunghtum ai shara e
shaning hkying mi jahkrat bang da na ra ai. Dai hpang, tsadan
gaw ladaw mi bai dat dat hkrum ai hte Karai Kasang hpe
gumlang na ra ai. Rai tim, jahtum e wan hte kan grung ai
nawng hta jahkrat bang kau ai hkrum na ra ai. Dai kaw tsadan
hte salung sala ni shani shana nni nkri hkrum let, htani htana
prat dingsa a rawng nga ra na ra ai (20:1-10). Jahtum nhtoi
hta, Yesu Hkristu gaw, hkum tsup kup ai mungdan hpe gaw
de na rai nna, htani htana prat dingsa hkawhkam aya hte up
nga na re (11:15). Tinang a sut gan (sh) shim lam hpe machyu
nna, kabu gara shi ga hpe nyet kau ai ni yawng mung, htani
htana dingnye hkrum sha ra na re.
Hkristan ni gaw zingri zingrat lapran hta rai tim, Karai
Kasang a man e sadi dung kangka ai hte, asak hkrung ra ai.
Hpara shaje ni hpe n mai nawku ai. Zingri zingrat hkrum ai
aten hta ngang grin ai makam masham hte, asak hkrung ai
ni a matu asak jan mau, Karai Kasang lajang da ya nga ai.
Yesu gaw, Karai Kasang lajang da ai aten du jang teng sha
yu wa na rai nna, tsa dan hte hpyen ni hpe mara jaw je yang
na re; Israela hte kam sham ai ni hpe hkye la na re. Sumsing
mungdan ningnan hte ginding aga ningnan hpe Yesu gaw de
nna, kam sham ai ni, asak hkrung lam ningnan hta Karai
Kasang hte rau prat tup ningngai nga lu na re ngu ai mungga
re.
**********

- 208 -

- 205 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

- 206 -

- 207 -

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

- 209 - 240 5

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

GA SHAKA NINGNAN GINSHI

MADI SHADAW AI LAIKA NI

8. John Stot, Men With A Message: An Introduction to


the New Testament and its Writers (St. Emunds:
Evangelical Literature Trust, 1996).

(References)
1. Craig S. Keener, The IVP Bible Backgriund
Commentary : Naw Testament (Downers Grove,
Illinois: InterVarsity Press, 1993).

9. John W. Drane, eds., The Lion Encyclopedia of the


Bible (Tring, England: Lion Publishing plc, 1987).
10. Merril C. Tenney, New Testament Survey (Leicester,
England: Inter-Varsity Press, 1987).

2. D..A. Carson, et al., An Introduction To The New


Testament (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan,
1992).

11. Merrill F. Unger, Ungers Bible Dictionary (Chicago:


Moody Press, 1987).

3.Don Fleming, Compiled., Bible Knowledge Dictionary


(Brisbane: Bridgeway Publications, 1990).

12.Raymond E. Brown, eds., The Jerome Biblical


Commentary ( NJ: prentice Hall, Inc, 1968).

4. Eh Wah , New Testament Introduction, Lecture Note


fot B.Th course, Myanmar Institute of
Theology,Insein, 1993.

13. Robert E. Van Voorst, Reading The New Testament


Today ( Blemont,Califonia: Thomson Wadsworth,
2005).

5. Everett F. Harrison, Bakers Dictionary of Theology


(Grand Rapids Michigan: Baker Book House, 1994).

14. The Bible League, Revised, A Dictionary of the


Myanmar Bible, 3rd add (Yangon: The Bible League,
1994).

6. H. Conzelmann and A. Lindemann, Interpreting the


New Testament ( Peabody, Massachusetts:
Hendrickson Publishers,Inc.,1988).

15. Walter M. Dunnett, Revised, New Testament Survey


( Leicester, England: Inter-Varsity Press, 19870).

7.J.Deotis Roberts, A Philosophy Introduction to


Theology (Philadelphia: Trinity Press International,
1991)

16.William Barclay, The Daily Study Bible: The letters


to Timothy, Titus and Philemon (Bangalore:
Theological Publication, 1994).

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