Journal of Wind Engineering and lnduslrial Aerodynamics, 41-44 (1992) 2461-2462

Elsevier

2461

Discussion of Glass and Cladding

Session chairmen:

J. Minor, University of Missouri, U.S.A. & W. A. Dalgliesh, National

Research Council, Canada

Wind Induced External Pressures on a Tall B u i l d i n g with Various Corner Configurations. N. J.

Jamieson

Comment by L. S. Coehran
I am surveying the procedure used by researchers to define a peak. How did you pick a peak
pressure (largest in a given data segment, mean of a number of segments, best linear unbiased
estima,~.or method, etc.)?

Author's reply
Each sample was divided into 16 sub-samples and the largest negative and positive peak chosen
from each. These were then ranked and the peak positive and negative values were calculated
from this distribution for a one hour full-scale return period.

Comment by Lakshmg Parameswaran

1.
2.

Is the scale of model going to affect the pressure coefficient of the corner region?
How did you account for Reynolds Number effect when building models with curved
corners were tested?

Author's reply
1.

It should not, provided the simulation of the boundary layer is appropriate to the
particular model scale.

2.

Given the inability of the wind tunnel to match the Reynolds Number of full-scale flow,
some wind tunnel operators have reported roughening curved model surfaces to enhance
similarity of the flow. For our study, the surface was lightly roughened initially. A few
comparative tests were performed with increased roughness. The differences between
the two sets & r e s u l t s were within experimental error.

Comment by T. Stathopoulos
Were you concerned about Re# effects when you tested the building with rounded corners? Did
you find any significant influence of Re# on your results?

Author's reply
Given the inability of the wind tunnel to match the Reynolds Number of full-scale flow, some
wind tunnel operators have reported roughening curved model surfaces to enhance similarity of
the flow. For our study, the surface was lightly roughened initially. A few comparative tests
were performed with increased roughness. The differences between the two sets of results were
within experimental error.

Post~Breakage Behavior o f Architectural Glazing in Windstorms . C. P. Pantelides, A. D. Horst

& J. E. Minor

Comment by Ruben d. Baer

What are the economics of using the proposed laminated glass systems? I am not considering
post-breakage damage as part of the answer only the cost of the glazing itself.

2462

Author's reply
Installed cost of a given nominal thickness of laminated glass is approximately two times the cost
of monolithic glass with the same nominal thickness. This approximate relationship is constant
for any nominal thickness and glass type (annealed, heat strengthened, fully tempered).

Comment by Arthur Salzman

Two particular methods of glazing non-insulated glass panes were presented which seem to
retain the glass in the opening, thereby preventing possible damage to nearby objects or persons.
Does the use of either of these systems involve special approaches to the actual design of the
glass panes themselves?

Author's reply
The design of the glass panes themselves would not be affected because a decision was made to
use either of the two methods defined. Note, however, the "anchored lite concept" works best
with heat strengthened glass and the "sacrificial ply concept" works best with fully tempered
glass.

Comment by Arthur Salzman

The presentation did not include any mention of insulating glass units. Has any similar work
been done, or is any planned for insulating glass units?

Author's reply
No work has been done with IG units, nor is any planned. While tests would be required to
confirm this observation, an IG unit with a laminated, heat strengthened outer lite, and an 16
unit seal sized to carry 100 percent of the wind load, should perform similarly if anchored in a
comparable fashion. An IG unit with an outer lite designed as a "sacrificial ply" should perform
similarly.

Nonlinear Dynamic Response o f Window Glass Plates Subjected to Fluctuating Wind Pressures .
S. C. Das, C. V. G. Vallabhan & Y. Zhang

Comment by Daryl Boggs

I notice that the time signature of applied load begins with a significant non-zero pressure.
Were initial conditions (displacement, velocity) assumed arbitrarily (e.g. 0,0) in computing the
response? If so, how was it determined what the required time period is until the effects of this
assumption decay to insignificance?

Author's reply
We assumed the fluctuating wind pressure was suddenly applied to a stationary glass plate
(initial displacement and velocity are zero). So, the maximum displacement and the stress
response is not the real behavior of the window glass in the first 0.5 seconds which is concluded
from the numerical results. This means that the effects of this assumption do not decay to
insignificance until 0.5 sec. Generally speaking, after the first 0.5 sec, the response of the
maximum displacement and stress can represent the real behavior of the window glass.