UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTNOMA DE NICARAGUA (UNAN-MANAGUA)

RECINTO UNIVERSITARIO RUBN DARO

FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS E INGENIERAS
DEPARTAMENTO DE TECNOLOGA
INGENIERA ELECTRNICA

ASIGNATURA FACULTATIVA
Prcticas de Laboratorio
Configuracin bsica del protocolo de enrutamiento dinmico OSPF para
rutas multi-rea

Elaborado:

Msc. Jairo Gonzlez Moreno

Mircoles 22/10/14

ndice
Diagrama de topologa............................................................................................................ 4
Tabla 1: Direccionamiento IP ................................................................................................. 4
Introduccin. ........................................................................................................................... 5
Procedimiento 1. Montar la red topolgica como se muestra en la figura 1 .......................... 5
Procedimiento 2. Configurar las direcciones IP en todas las interfaces de los Routers segn
lo indica la tabla 1................................................................................................................... 5
Procedimiento 3. Configurar las direcciones IP en las PCs segn lo indica la tabla 1. ......... 5
Procedimiento 4. Verificar las direcciones ip configuradas en los Routers ........................... 5
Verificacin en el Router R0 .............................................................................................. 5
Verificacin en el Router R1 .............................................................................................. 6
Verificacin en el Router R2 .............................................................................................. 6
Verificacin en el Router R3 .............................................................................................. 6
Verificacin en el Router R4 .............................................................................................. 6
Procedimiento 5. Configuracin de OSPF en los Routers...................................................... 7
Configuracin OSPF en R0 ................................................................................................ 7
Configuracin OSPF en R1 ................................................................................................ 7
Configuracin OSPF en R2 ................................................................................................ 7
Configuracin OSPF en R3 ................................................................................................ 8
Configuracin OSPF en R4 ................................................................................................ 8
Procedimiento 6. Verificacin y lectura del funcionamiento del protocolo OSPF. ............... 8
Verificacin del ID en R0................................................................................................... 8
Verificacin del ID en R1................................................................................................... 9
Verificacin del ID en R2................................................................................................... 9
Verificacin del ID en R3................................................................................................. 10
Verificacin del ID en R4................................................................................................. 11
Procedimiento 7. Anlisis de la tabla de enrutamiento ........................................................ 11
Tabla de enrutamiento de R0 ............................................................................................ 11
Tabla de enrutamiento de R1 ............................................................................................ 12
Tabla de enrutamiento de R2 ............................................................................................ 13
Tabla de enrutamiento de R3 ............................................................................................ 13

Tabla de enrutamiento de R4 ............................................................................................ 14

Tarea. Configuracin de OSPF multi-rea ........................................................................... 15
Diagrama de topologa...................................................................................................... 15
Realice las conexiones en el simulador como aparece en la figura 2. .............................. 15
Realice las configuraciones de las interfaces segn las redes mostradas en la figura 2. .. 15
Establezca un enlace virtual entre las reas 0 y 2 para comunicarse y establecer
adyacencias. ...................................................................................................................... 15

Diagrama de topologa

Figura 1: Topologa de Red Multi-Areas

Tabla 1: Direccionamiento IP
Dispositivo
R0
R1
PC4
R1
R2
PC3
R2
R3
PC2

Interfaz
Fa0/0
S0/0/0
S0/0/0
Fa0
Fa0/0
S0/1/0
S0/1/0
Fa0
Fa0/0
S0/0/0
S0/0/0
Fa0

R4
Pc1

Fa0/0
S0/1/0
S0/1/0
Fa0

R4
PC0

Fa0/0
Fa0

R3

rea 0
IP
192.168.1.1
10.0.0.2
10.0.0.1
192.168.1.10
rea 2
192.168.5.1
10.0.0.9
10.0.0.10
192.168.5.10
rea 3
192.168.3.1
10.0.0.13
10.0.0.14
192.168.3.10
rea 4
192.168.4.1
10.0.0.5
10.0.0.6
192.168.4.10
Area 5
192.168.2.1
192.168.2.10

Mask
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.252
255.255.255.252
255.255.255.0

Gateway
No Aplicable
No Aplicable
No Aplicable
192.168.1.1

255.255.255.0
255.255.255.252
255.255.255.252
255.255.255.0

No Aplicable
No Aplicable
No Aplicable
192.168.5.1

255.255.255.0
255.255.255.252
255.255.255.252
255.255.255.0

No Aplicable
No Aplicable
No Aplicable
192.168.3.1

255.255.255.0
255.255.255.252
255.255.255.252
255.255.255.0

No Aplicable
No Aplicable
No Aplicable
192.168.4.1

255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0

No Aplicable
192.168.2.10

Introduccin.
Todas las reas de un sistema antnimo OSPF contienen rutas cortas que deben estar
conectadas fsicamente al rea troncal (Zona 0). En algunos casos, cuando esto no sea
posible, puede utilizar un enlace virtual para conectarse a la columna vertebral a travs de
una zona de no-backbone. Tambin puede utilizar los enlaces virtuales para conectar dos
partes de una columna vertebral con particiones a travs de una zona de no-backbone. La
zona por la que se configura el enlace virtual, conocida como zona de trnsito , debe tener
la informacin de enrutamiento completa. El diseo de OSPF se basa en la capacidad de
dividir una red grande en redes ms pequeas a travs de reas.
Ventajas De OSPF
-Converge con mayor velocidad que los protocolos de vector distancia.
-Sus actualizaciones son pequeas ya que no enva toda la tabla de enrutamiento.
-No es propenso a bucles de enrutamiento.
-Escala muy bien en redes grandes.
-Utiliza el ancho de banda de los enlaces como base de la mtrica.
-Soporta VLSM y CIDR.
-Brinda mltiples opciones de configuracin lo que permite adaptarlo a requerimientos muy
especficos.

Procedimiento 1. Montar la red topolgica como se muestra en la figura 1

Procedimiento 2. Configurar las direcciones IP en todas las interfaces de
los Routers segn lo indica la tabla 1.
Procedimiento 3. Configurar las direcciones IP en las PCs segn lo indica
la tabla 1.
Procedimiento 4. Verificar las direcciones ip configuradas en los Routers
Verificacin en el Router R0
R0#show ip interface brief
Interface
IP-Address
OK? Method Status
Protocol
FastEthernet0/0
192.168.1.1 YES manual up
up
FastEthernet0/1
unassigned
YES unset administratively down down

Serial0/0/0
Loopback0
Vlan1

10.0.0.2
1.1.1.1
unassigned

YES manual up
up
YES manual up
up
YES unset administratively down down

Verificacin en el Router R1
R1#show ip interface brief
Interface
IP-Address
OK? Method Status
Protocol
FastEthernet0/0
192.168.5.1 YES manual up
up
FastEthernet0/1
unassigned
YES unset administratively down down
Serial0/0/0
10.0.0.1
YES manual up
up
Serial0/1/0
10.0.0.9
YES manual up
up
Loopback0
2.2.2.2
YES manual up
up
Vlan1
unassigned
YES unset administratively down down

Verificacin en el Router R2
R2#show ip interface brief
Interface
IP-Address
OK? Method Status
Protocol
FastEthernet0/0
192.168.3.1 YES manual up
up
FastEthernet0/1
unassigned
YES unset administratively down down
Serial0/0/0
10.0.0.13
YES manual up
up
Serial0/1/0
10.0.0.10
YES manual up
up
Loopback0
3.3.3.3
YES manual up
up
Vlan1
unassigned
YES unset administratively down down

Verificacin en el Router R3
R3#show ip interface brief
Interface
IP-Address
OK? Method Status
Protocol
FastEthernet0/0
192.168.4.1 YES manual up
up
FastEthernet0/1
unassigned
YES unset administratively down down
Serial0/0/0
10.0.0.14
YES manual up
up
Serial0/1/0
10.0.0.5
YES manual up
up
Loopback0
4.4.4.4
YES manual up
up
Vlan1
unassigned
YES unset administratively down down

Verificacin en el Router R4
R4#show ip interface brief
Interface
IP-Address
OK? Method Status
FastEthernet0/0
192.168.2.1 YES manual up

Protocol
up

FastEthernet0/1
unassigned
YES unset administratively down down
Serial0/1/0
10.0.0.6
YES manual up
up
Loopback0
5.5.5.5
YES manual up
up
Vlan1
unassigned
YES unset administratively down down

Procedimiento 5. Configuracin de OSPF en los Routers

Configuracin OSPF en R0
R0(config)#router ospf 1
R0(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R0(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
R0(config-router)#area 0 virtual-link 2.2.2.2
R0(config-router)#end
R0#wr

Configuracin OSPF en R1
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.5.0 0.0.0.255 area 2
R1(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
R1(config-router)#network 10.0.0.8 0.0.0.3 area 2
R1(config-router)#area 0 virtual-link 1.1.1.1
R1(config-router)#area 2 virtual-link 3.3.3.3
R1(config-router)#end
R1#wr

Configuracin OSPF en R2
R2(config)#router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 3
R2(config-router)#network 10.0.0.8 0.0.0.3 area 2
R2(config-router)#network 10.0.0.12 0.0.0.3 area 3
R2(config-router)#area 2 virtual-link 2.2.2.2
R2(config-router)#area 3 virtual-link 4.4.4.4
R2(config-router)#end

R2#wr

Configuracin OSPF en R3
R3(config)#router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#network 192.168.4.0 0.0.0.255 area 4
R3(config-router)#network 10.0.0.12 0.0.0.3 area 3
R3(config-router)#network 10.0.0.4 0.0.0.3 area 4
R3(config-router)#area 3 virtual-link 3.3.3.3
R3(config-router)#area 4 virtual-link 5.5.5.5
R3(config-router)#end
R3#wr

Configuracin OSPF en R4
R4(config)#router ospf 1
R4(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 5
R4(config-router)#network 10.0.0.4 0.0.0.3 area 4
R4(config-router)#area 4 virtual-link 4.4.4.4
R4(config-router)#end
R4#wr

Procedimiento 6. Verificacin y lectura del funcionamiento del protocolo

OSPF.
Identificar el Router-id asignado a cada Router segn las prioridades que defina el
protocolo OSPF

Verificacin del ID en R0
R0#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 1.1.1.1
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa

Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
10.0.0.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway
Distance
Last Update
1.1.1.1
110
00:20:13
2.2.2.2
110
00:18:23
3.3.3.3
110
00:06:44
4.4.4.4
110
00:06:46
5.5.5.5
110
00:13:06
Distance: (default is 110)

Verificacin del ID en R1
R1#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 2.2.2.2
Number of areas in this router is 2. 2 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
192.168.5.0 0.0.0.255 area 2
10.0.0.8 0.0.0.3 area 2
10.0.0.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway
Distance
Last Update
1.1.1.1
110
00:20:52
2.2.2.2
110
00:19:01
3.3.3.3
110
00:07:23
4.4.4.4
110
00:07:25
5.5.5.5
110
00:13:45
Distance: (default is 110)

Verificacin del ID en R2
R2#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"

Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set

Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 3.3.3.3
Number of areas in this router is 3. 3 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 3
10.0.0.12 0.0.0.3 area 3
10.0.0.8 0.0.0.3 area 2
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway
Distance
Last Update
1.1.1.1
110
00:23:21
2.2.2.2
110
00:21:30
3.3.3.3
110
00:09:51
4.4.4.4
110
00:09:53
5.5.5.5
110
00:16:14
Distance: (default is 110)

Verificacin del ID en R3
R3#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 4.4.4.4
Number of areas in this router is 3. 3 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
192.168.4.0 0.0.0.255 area 4
10.0.0.4 0.0.0.3 area 4
10.0.0.12 0.0.0.3 area 3
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway
Distance
Last Update
1.1.1.1
110
00:24:11
2.2.2.2
110
00:22:20
3.3.3.3
110
00:10:42
4.4.4.4
110
00:10:43
5.5.5.5
110
00:17:04
Distance: (default is 110)

Verificacin del ID en R4
R4#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 5.5.5.5
Number of areas in this router is 3. 3 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 5
10.0.0.4 0.0.0.3 area 4
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway
Distance
Last Update
1.1.1.1
110
00:24:28
2.2.2.2
110
00:22:37
3.3.3.3
110
00:10:58
4.4.4.4
110
00:11:00
5.5.5.5
110
00:17:20
Distance: (default is 110)

Procedimiento 7. Anlisis de la tabla de enrutamiento

Tabla de enrutamiento de R0
R0#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

1.1.1.1 is directly connected, Loopback0

10.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 4 subnets
C
10.0.0.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
O IA 10.0.0.4 [110/256] via 10.0.0.1, 00:43:41, Serial0/0/0
O IA 10.0.0.8 [110/128] via 10.0.0.1, 00:57:03, Serial0/0/0
O IA 10.0.0.12 [110/192] via 10.0.0.1, 00:44:01, Serial0/0/0
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 192.168.2.0/24 [110/257] via 10.0.0.1, 00:43:41, Serial0/0/0
O IA 192.168.3.0/24 [110/129] via 10.0.0.1, 00:54:47, Serial0/0/0
O IA 192.168.4.0/24 [110/193] via 10.0.0.1, 00:43:41, Serial0/0/0
O IA 192.168.5.0/24 [110/65] via 10.0.0.1, 00:57:29, Serial0/0/0

Tabla de enrutamiento de R1
R1#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C
2.2.2.2 is directly connected, Loopback0
10.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 3 subnets
C
10.0.0.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
C
10.0.0.8 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0
O IA 10.0.0.12 [110/128] via 10.0.0.10, 00:45:51, Serial0/1/0
O 192.168.1.0/24 [110/65] via 10.0.0.2, 00:59:28, Serial0/0/0
O IA 192.168.3.0/24 [110/65] via 10.0.0.10, 00:56:34, Serial0/1/0
C 192.168.5.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
Explique porque aparecen rutas solamente con la sigla O y otras con la sigla IA en que
difieren.

Tabla de enrutamiento de R2
R2#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C
3.3.3.3 is directly connected, Loopback0
10.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 4 subnets
O
10.0.0.0 [110/128] via 10.0.0.9, 00:58:46, Serial0/1/0
O IA 10.0.0.4 [110/128] via 10.0.0.14, 00:47:40, Serial0/0/0
C
10.0.0.8 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0
C
10.0.0.12 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
O 192.168.1.0/24 [110/129] via 10.0.0.9, 00:58:46, Serial0/1/0
C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 192.168.4.0/24 [110/65] via 10.0.0.14, 00:47:40, Serial0/0/0
192.168.5.0/24 [110/65] via 10.0.0.9, 00:59:41, Serial0/1/0

Tabla de enrutamiento de R3
R3#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

4.4.4.4 is directly connected, Loopback0

10.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 4 subnets
O
10.0.0.0 [110/192] via 10.0.0.13, 00:48:18, Serial0/0/0
C
10.0.0.4 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0
O IA 10.0.0.8 [110/128] via 10.0.0.13, 00:48:18, Serial0/0/0
C
10.0.0.12 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
O 192.168.1.0/24 [110/193] via 10.0.0.13, 00:48:18, Serial0/0/0
O IA 192.168.2.0/24 [110/65] via 10.0.0.6, 00:54:30, Serial0/1/0
O 192.168.3.0/24 [110/65] via 10.0.0.13, 00:48:39, Serial0/0/0
C 192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 192.168.5.0/24 [110/129] via 10.0.0.13, 00:29:21, Serial0/0/0

Tabla de enrutamiento de R4
R4#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C
5.5.5.5 is directly connected, Loopback0
10.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 3 subnets
O
10.0.0.0 [110/256] via 10.0.0.5, 00:48:30, Serial0/1/0
C
10.0.0.4 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0
O IA 10.0.0.12 [110/128] via 10.0.0.5, 00:54:57, Serial0/1/0
O 192.168.1.0/24 [110/257] via 10.0.0.5, 00:48:30, Serial0/1/0
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 192.168.3.0/24 [110/129] via 10.0.0.5, 00:18:36, Serial0/1/0
192.168.4.0/24 [110/65] via 10.0.0.5, 00:55:17, Serial0/1/0
Examine la tabla de enrutamiento de los router y explique cmo calcula el costo de cada
ruta

Tarea. Configuracin de OSPF multi-rea

Diagrama de topologa

Figura 2: Red OSPF Multi-Area

Realice las conexiones en el simulador como aparece en la figura 2.

Realice las configuraciones de las interfaces segn las redes mostradas en la
figura 2.
Establezca un enlace virtual entre las reas 0 y 2 para comunicarse y establecer
adyacencias.
Nota: el rea OSPF rea 1 sirve de trnsito.