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Empirical formula of metal X oxide can be determined by using the setup of apparatus as
below.
Retort stand
Test tube
A
metal X oxide in
asbestos paper
Conical flask
heat
100 cm3 of 2.0 mol
dm-3 of hydrochloric
acid
+
zinc powder
(a)
Substance Q
U Tube
(b)
The chemical in the conical flask is used to prepare hydrogen gas. Write a balance
chemical equation for this reaction.
..
[ 2 marks ]
(c)
State one suitable metal oxide that can be used in this apparatus.
..
[ 1 mark ]
(d)
The gas emitted at point A is tested whether it is pure or not. Why did we do this
procedure?
..
[ 1 mark ]
(e)
To get an accurate result, all metal x oxide must be completely react with hydrogen gas.
State the procedure to ensure the complete reaction.
..
..
[ 1 mark ]
(f)
/ gram
4.560
/ gram
5.520
/ gram
5.328
2.
Diagram 2 shows part of the Periodic Table of Elements. V, W, X, Y, Z and U do not represent
the actual symbols of the elements.
Rajah 2 menunjukkan sebahagian daripada Jadual Berkala. V, W, X, Y, Z dan U tidak mewakili simbol sebenar unsur
berkenaan
18
2
13
14
15
16
17
V
X
W
Y
Diagram 2
(a)
(i)
(ii)
..
[ 1 mark ]
Which element is transition element?
Unsur yang manakah logam peralihan?
..
[ 1 mark ]
(iii)
(b)
(i)
..
[ 1 mark ]
Write the electron arrangement for an atom of element X.
Tuliskan susunan electron bagi atom unsur X.
(ii)
..
[ 1 mark ]
Write the formula of the ion formed from atom of element X.
Tuliskan formula bagi ion yang terbentuk daripada satu unsur X.
(c)
(i)
..
[ 1 mark ]
Why are elements X, Y and Z placed in the same period?
Mengapakah unsur X, Y dan Z terletak dalam kala yang sama?
(ii)
..
[ 1 mark ]
Arrange elements X, Y and Z according to the decreasing order in the size of
atoms.
Susun unsur X, Y dan Z mengikut saiz atom menurun.
..
[ 1 mark ]
(d)
(i)
Write the balance chemical equation for the reaction between element X and
oxygen gas.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia yang seimbang bagi tindak balas di antara unsur X dan gas oksigen.
(ii)
..
[ 1 mark ]
Element X dissolve in water to produced a solution. Write the balance chemical
equation.
Unsur X melarut di dalam air untuk menghasilkan satu larutan. Tuliskan persamaan kimia yang
seimbang.
..
[ 1 mark ]
3.
Figure below shows the 4 elements from the periodic table. The symbol does not show the
actual symbol of the elements.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan 4 unsur dari Jadual Berkala. Simbol tidak menunjukkan symbol sebenar unsur
tersebut.
12
6
(a)
(i)
24
12
14
6
35
17
(ii)
...
[ 1 mark ]
State the position of element P in the periodic table
Nyatakan kedudukan unsur P di dalam Jadual Berkala
(ii)
...
[ 2 marks ]
Explain your answer in (a) (ii)
Terangkan jawapan anda di (a) (ii)
...
[ 1 mark ]
(b)
(i)
...
[ 1 mark ]
(ii)
[ 2 marks ]
(iii)
Write the half equation for the formation of Q2+ ion from Q atom.
2+
Tuliskan setengah persamaan tindak balas untuk pembentukkan ion Q dari atom Q.
...
[ 1 mark ]
(c)
..
..
[ 2 marks ]
(d)
(i)
(ii)
...
[ 1 mark ]
Draw the electron arrangement structure of this compound.
Lukiskan struktur susunan electron untuk sebatian ini.
[ 2 marks ]
(e)
(i)
...
[ 1 mark ]
(ii)
[ 2 marks ]
4.
You are given two beakers, each contain 2.0 mol dm-3 of sodium hydroxide solution and in the
other beaker contain 2.0 mol dm-3 of ammonia solution.
-3
Anda di beri dua bikar, setiap satu mengandungi larutan natrium hidroksida 2.0 mol dm dan bikar yang satu lagi
-3
mengandungi larutan ammonia 2.0 mol dm .
(a)
[ 1 mark ]
(b)
Suggest the pH of sodium hydroxide solution and ammonia solution. Explain your
answer.
Cadangkan pH untuk larutan natrium hidroksida dan larutan ammonia. Terangkan jawapan anda.
[ 3 marks ]
(c)
[ 1 mark ]
(d)
25 cm3 of 2.0 mol dm-3 of sodium hydroxide solution is dilute with 50 cm3 of distilled
water. Determine the new concentration of sodium hydroxide solution.
3
-3
25 cm larutan natrium hidroksida 2.0 mol dm di cairkan dengan 50 cm air suling. Tentukan kepekatan
baru larutan natrium hidroksida.
[ 2 marks ]
(e)
Sodium hydroxide solution also can be prepared by adding sodium to water in a beaker.
Write a balance chemical equation for this reaction.
Larutan natrium hidroksida juga boleh di sediakan dengan mencampurkan natrium kepada air. Tuliskan
persamaan tindak balas kimia yang seimbang untuk tindak balas ini.
[ 1 mark ]
6
(f)
25 cm3 of 2.0 mol dm-3 of sodium hydroxide solution is titrated with hydrochloric acid
from a burette.
3
-3
25 cm larutan natrium hidroksida 2.0 mol dm di titratkan dengan asid hidroklorik dari buret.
(i)
[ 2 marks ]
(ii)
[ 3 marks ]
5.
Diagram 6 shows the apparatus set up to determine the heat of precipitation of silver chloride
Rajah 6 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk menentukan haba pemendakan argentum klorida.
Temperature (0C)
Description
Penerangan
Suhu ( C)
27.0
27.0
30.5
Table 6
(a)
..
..
[1 mark ]
(b)
Calculate :
Hitung :
(i)
The heat released during the reaction.
[ Specific heat capacity of solution, c = 4.2 J g-10C-1 ; Density of solution = 1 gcm-3]
Haba yang dibebaskan semasa tindak balas.
-10 -1
-3
[Muatan haba tentu bagi larutan, c = 4.2 J g C ;Ketumpatan larutan = 1 gcm ]
[1 mark]
8
(ii)
The number of moles of silver ions, Ag+ in silver nitrate and chloride ions, Cl- in
sodium chloride solution
+
Bilangan mol ion argentum, Ag dalam larutan argentum nitrat dan ion klorida ,Cl dalam larutan
natrium klorida
[2 marks]
(iii)
[1 mark]
(iv)
[2 marks]
(c)
[3 marks]
(d)
6.
Thermometer
Polystyrene cup
DIAGRAM 6
=
=
=
28oC
28oC
41oC
[1 mark]
(b) Given that the specific heat capacity of the solution is 4.2 J g-1 oC-1 and the density of the
solution is 1.0 g cm-3.
(i) Calculate the change of heat in the experiment.
10
[3 marks]
[2 marks]
(d) Based on the experiment, what is meant by the heat of neutralisation?
.............................................................
.............................................................
[1 mark]
(e) The student repeats the experiment by replacing hydrochloric acid with ethanoic acid.
All the other conditions remain unchanged.
(i) Predict the value of the heat of neutralisation?
..........
[1 mark]
(ii) Explain why?
..........
..........
..........
..........
[2 marks]
11
7.
Two experiments were carried out to investigate factors that affect the rate of reaction.
Table 5 shows the result of each experiment.
Dua eksperimen telah dijalankan untuk mengkaji faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar suatu tindak balas. Jadual 5
menunjukkan keputusan setiap eksperimen
Experiment
Reactant
Eksperimen
20.0
II
32.0
Table 5
(a)
[2 marks]
(b)
Write the chemical equation for the reaction between zinc and sulphuric acid.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas antara zink dan asid sulfurik.
[ 2 marks ]
12
(c)
Calculate the average rate of the reaction for the first two minutes of experiment
I and experiment II in cm3 s-1.
Hitung kadar tindak balas purata bagi dua minit pertama untuk eksperimen I dan eksperimen II
3 -1
dalam cm s .
Experiment I
Experiment II
[ 2 marks ]
(d)
[ 4 marks]
(e)
State other factors that can affect the rate of reaction in this experiment.
Nyatakan factor yang lain yang boleh mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas di dalam tindak balas ini.
......
[1 mark]
13
(f)
Compare the rate of reaction between experiment I and experiment II. Explain
why there is a difference in the rate of reaction based on the collision theory.
Bandingkan kadar tindak balas antara eksperimen I dan II. Dengan menggunakan teori
perlanggaran, terangkan perbezaan dalam kadar tindak balas bagi eksperimen ini.
..
..
..
..
..
..
[ 4 marks ]
8.
Diagram 5 shows two experiments to investigate one factor that affects the rate of reaction
between zinc and hydrochloric acid.
Rajah 5 menunjukkan dua eksperimen untuk mengkaji satu factor yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas antara
zink dan asid hidroklorik.
Experiment I
Hydrogen gas
Gas hidrogen
3
50 cm of 1.0 mol dm
hydrochloric acid
3
-3
-3
Experiment II
Hydrogen gas
3
Gas hidrogen
-3
50 cm of 1.0 mol dm
hydrochloric acid +
Copper (II) sulphate solution
3
-3
50 cm of 1.0 mol dm
asid hidroklorik +
Larutan kuprum (II) sulfat
Diagram 5
Rajah 5
14
(a) (i)
Based on Diagram 5, state the factor that affects the rate of reaction in this
experiment.
Berdasarkan Rajah 5 nyatakan factor yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas dalam eksperimen ini.
........................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii)
.......................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(b) In Experiment II 2.0 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 copper (II) sulphate solution is added. The
maximum volume of hydrogen gas released in Experiment I is V cm3
3
-3
Dalam Eksperimen II 2.0 cm larutan kuprum(II) sulfat 0.5 mol dm ditambah. Isipadu maksimum gas yang
3
terbebas dalam Eksperimen I ialah V cm .
(i)
..........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
(ii)
The graph for the volume of gas against time for Experiment I is sketched as
shown in Graph 5.1.
Graf isipadu gas melawan masa untuk Eksperimen I dilakarkan seperti ditunjukkan dalam Graf 5.1
V
I
Time/s
Graph 5.1
Masa/s
Sketch the curve for experiment II on the same axes in Graph 5.1
Lakarkan lengkung untuk Eksperimen II di atas paksi yang sama dalam Graf 5.1.
[2 marks]
15
(ii)
Referring to the collision theory of particles, explain how does copper (II) sulphate
solution affect the rate of reaction?
Merujuk kepada teori perlanggaran, terangkan bagaimana larutan kuprum(II) sulfat
kadar tindak balas?
mempengaruhi
.......................................
............................................
.......................................................................................................................................
............................................
.......................................................................................................................................
[3 marks]
Reactants
Experiment
-3
-3
Excess calcium carbonate chips and 100 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3
hydrochloric acid.
3
-3
Ketulan kalsium karbonat berlebihan dan 100 cm asid hidroklorik 0.5 mol dm .
Table 5
Jadual 5
The graph of carbon dioxide gas produced against time is sketch as shown in Graph 5.2.
Graf bagi karbon dioksida yang terhasil melawan masa dilakarkan seperti ditunjukkan dalam
16
Graf 5.2.
Experiment A
Time/s
Masa/s
GRAPH 5.2
Based on Table 5 and graph 5.2 , determine which curves represent the results of Experiment B
and Experiment C. Write your answers in the boxes provided.
Berdasarkan Jadual 5 dan Graf 5.2, tentukan lengkung manakah mewakili keputusan bagi Eksperimen B dan C.
Tuliskan jawapan anda dalam kotak yang disediakan.
[2 marks]
9.
(a)
Name of products
Components
Nama hasil
Komponen
Brass
Tembaga
Duralumin
Polyvinyl chloride
Chloroethene as monomer
Polivinil klorida
Table 1
(i)
...
[ 1 mark ]
17
(ii)
[ 1 mark ]
(iii)
Polyvinyl chloride is also known as PVC and is used as water pipes in daily life.
State the advantage of using PVC as water pipes.
Polivinil klorida juga dikenali sebagai PVC dan digunaka sebagai paip air didalam kehidupan seharian. Nyatakan
kelebihan menggunakan PVC sebagai paip air.
[ 1 mark ]
(b)
Soap in lab is made from the heating of palm oil with concentrated sodium hydroxide
solution in a beaker. Sodium chloride solid is added to the mixture and stirred
continuously. Diagram 2 below shows how it is done.
Sabun dihasilkan dari pemanasan minyak sawit dengan sodium hidroksida pekat didalam bikar. Pepejal Natrium klorida
ditambahkan kepada campuran dan dikacau tanpa henti. Rajah 2 dibawah menunjukkan bagaimana ianya dilakukan.
Spatula
Glass rod
Beaker
Wire gauze
Heat
Tripod stand
Diagram 2
(i)
(ii)
[ 1 mark ]
Why sodium chloride solid is added to the mixture?
Mengapa pepejal natrium klorida dicampurkan kedalam campuran itu.
[ 1 mark ]
18
(iii)
...
State the name of parts that dissolve in oils and grease.
Nyatakan nama bahagian yang melarut di dalam minyak dan gris.
...
[ 2 marks ]
(c)
Type of medicine
Example
Analgesic
Hormone
Insulin
Psychotherapeutic
prozac
Table 4
(i)
[ 1 mark ]
(ii)
Insulin is one example of hormone that is used in modern medicine. What is the
use of insulin in medicine?
Insulin adalah satu contoh hormon yang digunakan sebagai ubat moden. Apakah kegunaan insulin dalam
perubatan?
[ 1 mark ]
19
(iii)
[ 1 mark ]
Section B
10.
(a)
[ 6 marks ]
(b)
Bronze is harder than pure metal of copper. Explain why and draw the atoms
arrangements of atom in both metals.
Tembaga adalah lebih keras daripada logam kuprum yang tulen. Terangkan mengapa.
[ 6 marks ]
(c)
[ 10 marks ]
(d)
[ 4 marks ]
(e)
(i)
[ 10 marks ]
20
(ii)
11.
(a)
Describe a chemical test to confirm the presence of sulphate ions in the salt
solutions.
Huraikan satu ujian kimia bagi mengesahkan kehadiran ion sulfat di dalam
larutan garam tersebut.
[ 4 marks ]
Diagram 7.1 shows the reaction for the production of ammonia in industry.
Rajah 7.1 menunjukkan tindak balas penghasilan ammonia dalam industri.
Nitrogen gas
Gas nitrogen
Hydrogen gas
Ammonia gas
Gas hidrogen
Gas ammonia
(ii)
(iii)
[1 mark]
[2 marks]
State three conditions needed for the reaction in (a) (ii) to occur.
Nyatakan tiga keadaan yang diperlukan untuk membolehkan tindak balas di (a) (ii) berlaku.
[3 marks]
(iv)
Urea, CO(NH2)2
[4 marks]
21
(b)
Table 7.2 shows two different manufactured substances in industry, A and B and their
uses.
Jadual 7.2 menunjukkan dua bahan buatan industri yang berbeza, A dan B dan kegunaannya.
Manufactured
substances in
industry
Uses
Kegunaan
Glass B
Kaca B
Based on Table 7.2, state the name of Alloy A and type of Glass B.
Give the specific properties of each substance to support your answer.
Berdasarkan Jadual 7.2, nyatakan nama bagi Aloi A dan jenis Kaca B.
Berikan sifat khusus bagi setiap bahan tersebut untuk menyokong jawapan anda.
[4 marks]
(ii)
[6 marks]
22
Diagram 9.1
Draw another two structural formulae of butene isomers and write their respective names
according to the IUPAC nomenclature.
Lukis dua formula struktur lain bagi ispmer butena dan tuliskan nama masing-masing berdasarkan penamaan IUPAC.
[4 marks]
(b)
Diagram 9.2
Based on diagram 9.2:
Berdasarkan rajah 9.2:
(i)
Identify the two organic chemicals needed to produce the ester above.
Kenalpasti dua bahan kimia organik yang diperlukan untuk menghasilkan ester di atas.
[2 marks]
(ii)
State two chemical properties for each organic chemicals that you stated in 9(b)(i).
Nyatakan dua sifat kimia bagi setiap bahan kimia organik yang anda nyatakan dalam 9(b)(i) .
[4 marks]
23
Describe two chemical tests using the apparatus and chemicals given above to differentiate
between hexane and hexene.
Your description must include the procedure and observation.
Huraikan dua ujian kimia menggunakan alat radas dan bahan kimia yang diberikan di atas untuk membezakan antara
heksana dan heksena.
Dalam huraian anda mesti disertakan prosedur dan pemerhatian.
[10 marks]
Diagram 11
Explain the redox reaction that occur in test tube above based on
24
14.
(a) Electrolysis of copper (II) sulphate solution using carbon electrodes is conducted in lab
as in diagram 16.
Elektrolisis larutan kuprum (II) sulfate menggunakan elektrod karbon dilakukan dengan rajah 16.
Battery
Carbon electrodes
Beaker
Diagram 16
(i)
From diagram 16, explain the chemical reaction that happens as follow
The observations obtained in this electrolysis cell.
The half equation for the reaction happened at carbon electrode P and Q.
The redox reactions happen in terms of electrons.
Dalam rajah 16, terangkan tindak balas kimia yang berlaku seperti berikut.
[ 4 marks ]
25
(b)
Electroplating is a process of a coating of metal with thin layer of other metal so that the
metal become attractive. Design an experiment on how to electroplate an iron spoon
with of copper. In your answer include the observations and half equations involved.
Penyaduran logam adalah satu proses menyalutkan logam dengan satu lapisan nipis logam lain supaya logam tersebut
menjadi lebih menarik. Rancangkan satu eksperimen untuk menyadurkan sudu besi dengan kuprum. Dalam jawapan
anda sertakan pemerhatian dan setengah persamaan yang terlibat.
[ 10 marks ]
Voltmeter
(c)
V
Porous pot
Copper strip
Zinc strip
Diagram 17 is a Danielle cell, where zinc strip is dipped into zinc sulphate solution and
copper strip is dipped into copper (II) sulphate solution. Zinc and copper are connected
to the voltmeter and the voltage produced is recorded.
Explain the redox reaction that happened in this chemical cell. In your answer include
the observations and half equations.
Rajah 17 ialas sebuah sel danielle dimana kepingan zink di celupkan kedalam latutan zink sulfate dan kepingan kuprum
dicelupkan kedalam larutan kuprum (II) sulphate. Zink dan kuprum disambungkan kepada voltmeter dan nilai voltage
yang dihasilkan direkodkan.
Terangkan tindak balas redoks yang berlaku dalam sel kimia ini. Dalam jawapan anda sertakan pemerhatian dan
persmaan setengah tindak balas.
[ 6 marks ]
15
(a)
(i)
(ii)
26
(b)
[10 marks]
(c)
Given two test tube which are test tube labelled A that contained a sodium chloride
solution and another test tube labelled B that contained iron (II) nitrate solution.
Describe chemical tests that can be used to verify the anion in test tube A and the cation
in test tube B.
Dua tabung uji yang di label A mengandung ilarutan natrium kloridadan tabung uji yang di label B
mengandungi larutan ferum (II) nitrat.
Terangkan ujian kimia yang boleh di gunakan untuk mengenal pasti anion dalam tabung uji A dan kation
dalam tabung uji B.
[6 marks]
27
PAPER 3
16.
An experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of metal in contact with iron on the
rusting of iron. The irons are coiled with metal zinc, copper and tin and kept inside a jelly
solution which contains a small amount phenolphthalein and potassium hexacyanoferrate (III)
solution. The test tubes are put aside for 5 days and the observations are recorded.
Satu eksperimen telah dijalankan untuk mengkaji kesan logam yang bersentuhan dengan besi terhadap
pengaratan besi. Besi yang dililitkan dengan logam zink, kuprum dan timah disimpan di dalam larutan jeli yang
mengandungi sedikit fenoftalein dan larutan kalium heksasianoferrat(III). Tabung uji disimpan selama 5 hari dan
pemerhatian direkodkan.
DAY 1 Hari 1
Jelly solution + Potassium hexacyanoferrate (III) solution + Phenolphthalein
Test Tube 1
Test Tube 2
Test Tube 3
DAY 5 Hari 5
Jelly solution + Potassium hexacyanoferrate (III) solution + Phenolphthalein
Test Tube 1
Test Tube 2
Test Tube 3
Diagram 1
(a)
[ 6 marks ]
28
Observations / Pemerhatian
Inferences / Inferens
...
...
...
..
...
..
..
Table 1
(b)
(i)
Manipulated variables.
Pemboleh ubah dimanipulasi
.
(ii)
Responding variable
Pemboleh ubah bergerak balas
...
(iii)
Fixed variable
Pemboleh ubah dimalarkan
...
[ 3 marks ]
(c)
Write the half equation for the formation of rust in test tube 3.
Tulis setengah persamaan bagi pembentukan karat dalam tabung uji 3.
..
[ 3 marks ]
29
(d)
Referring to test tubes 2 and 3, state the relationship between the distance of metal
from iron in electrochemical series and the rusting of iron.
Merujuk kepada tabung uji 2 dan 3, nyatakan hubungkait di antara jarak logam dengan ferum dalam siri
elektrokimia dan pengaratan besi.
[ 3 marks ]
(e)
Classify metal zinc, copper and tin into more electropositive than iron or less
electropositive than iron based on the electrochemical series.
Kelaskan logam zink, kuprum dan timah kepada lebih elektropositif daripada ferum atau kurang
elektropositif daripada ferum berdasarkan siri elektrokimia.
[ 3 marks ]
(f)
[ 3 marks ]
30
17.
An experiment to determine the hardness of pure copper metal and alloy X is conducted as
diagram below. Diagram 2 shows a weight with mass of 1 kg is released at the height of 50 cm
above the steel ball bearing which is placed on top of a block of pure copper metal. The
experiment is repeated three times. The experiment is then repeated again by using alloy X to
replaced pure copper block.
Satu eksperimen untuk menentukan kekerasan kuprum tulen dan aloi X telah dijalankan seperti ditunjukkan dalam
rajah di bawah. Rajah 2 menunjukkan satu pemberat 1 kg dilepaskan pada ketinggian 50 cm di atas bebola keluli
yang diletakkan di atas blok kuprum tulen. Eksperimen ini diulangi tiga kali. Eksperimen ini diulangi semula dengan
menggunakan aloi X untuk menggantikan blok kuprum tulen.
Ruler
Thread
Weight 1 kg
Steel ball bearing strap
with cellophane tape
Diagram 2
The diameter of each dent is measured to determine the hardness of blocks. Diagram 3 shows
the dent made from each experiment.
Diameter setiap lekuk diukur untuk menentukan kekerasan blok logam. Rajah 3 menunjukkan lekuk yang terbentuk
dalam setiap eksperimen.
Experiment 1
Diameter of dent =
Experiment 2
Diameter of dent =
Experiment 3
Diameter of dent =
..
..
31
Observations on alloy X
Experiment 1
Diameter of dent =
Experiment 2
Diameter of dent =
Experiment 3
Diameter of dent =
..
..
Diagram 3
(g)
[ 3 marks ]
(b)
Construct a table to record the diameter of the dent and average diameter of dent on
pure copper and alloy X.
Bina satu jadual bagi merekodkan diameter lekuk dan purata diameter lekuk untuk bongkah Kuprum tulen
dan aloi X.
[ 3 marks ]
(c)
..
..
..
[ 3 marks ]
(d)
..
[ 3 marks ]
32
18.
Diagram 1.1 shows the set-up of apparatus used in an experiment to determine the position
of different metals in the electrochemical series by measuring the voltage of different pairs of
metals.
The experiment is repeated by replacing metal M with metals N, P and Q and salt solution of M with the respective
salt solutions of N, P and Q. The copper electrode is the positve terminal in all the experiments.
Copper electrode
Electrode M
Porous pot
Salt solution of M
Blue copper(II)
sulphate solution
After 20 minute
V
Copper electrode
Electrode M
Porous pot
Salt solution of M
Diagram 1.1
33
N and Cu
M and Cu
Reading: ...
Reading: .
Q and Cu
P and Cu
Reading: .
Reading: .
Diagram 1.2
(a)
(b)
Construct a table to record the voltmeter reading for the different pairs of metals.
[3 marks]
34
(c)
(d)
(e)
[3 marks]
State the observations that can be made for this experiment after 20 minutes at:
(i)
(ii)
.
The positive terminal
(iii)
.................................................................................................................................
The copper (II) sulphate solution
..................................................
[3 marks]
Explain your answer for (d) (iii).
..
.....
..
[3 marks]
(f)
(ii)
(iii)
..
The constant variable
..
[3 marks]
(g)
Based on the voltmeter readings, arrange all the metals in ascending order of their
electropositivity.
..
[3 marks]
35
(h)
Positive Terminal
Voltage / V
M and N
N and P
M and P
Table 1
[6 marks]
(i)
Sodium chloride
Silver chloride
Zinc sulphate
Lead(II) sulphate
Classify these substances into substances that can be made as an electrolyte and
substances that cannot be made as an electrolyte.
[3 marks]
36
19.
Diagram 4 shows a conversation between Mona and Lisa regarding the task given to them
from their teacher, Ms Nalini.
Rajah 4 menunjukkan perbualan di antara Mona dan Lisa berhubung dengan tugasan yang diberikan oleh guru
mereka, Ms Nalini.
Diagram 4
Based on the situation, plan a laboratory experiment to identify the solubility of salts in
water.
Berdasarkan situasi tersebut, rancangkan satu eksperimen untuk mengenalpasti keterlarutan garam di dalam air.
37
(a)
Problem statement
Pernyataan masalah
(b)
(c)
Hypothesis
Hipotesis
(d)
(e)
Procedure
Prosedur
(f)
Tabulation of data
Penjadualan data
[17 marks]
20.
Rusting of iron can be affected by the presence of other metal that is in contact with iron.
Pengaratan besi boleh dipengaruhi oleh kehadiran logam lain yang bersentuhan dengan besi.
Diagram 3 shows the apparatus set-up to study the effects of metals X and Y on the rusting of
iron.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk mengkaji kesan logam X dan logam Y ke atas pengaratan besi.
Apparatus set-up
Susunan radas
38
Table 3 shows the results when metal X and metal Y are in contact with iron
Jadual 3 menunjukkan keputusan apabila logam X dan logam Y bersentuhan dengan besi.
Results
Keputusan
Metal X
Logam X
Metal Y
Iron rust
Logam Y
Besi berkarat
Table 3
(c) Hypothesis
Hipotesis
(e) Procedure
Prosedur
[17 marks]
39
21.
When electrolysis of hydrochloric acid using carbon electrodes was done at different
concentrations, the gases released at anode were different.
Apabila elektrolisis larutan asid hidroklorik menggunakan elektrod karbon dilakukan pada kepekatan larutan yang
berbeza, gas-gas yang terbentuk di anod adalah berbeza.
Experiment 1
Experiment 2
Diagram 3 / Rajah 3
Based on the above statement, plan an experiment to determine the effect of concentration
of hydrochloric acid to the gas released at anode during electrolysis.
Berdasarkan kepada kenyataan di atas, rancang satu eksperimen untuk menentukan kesan kepekatan asid
hidroklorik terhadap gas yang terbentuk di anod semasa elektolisis.
(a)
Problem statements
(b)
Pernyataan masalah
Semua pembolehubah
(c)
Hypothesis
Hipotesis
(d)
(e)
(f)
Tabulation of data
Penjadualan data
[17 marks]
40
22.
Soft water is water that is used daily in our life, such as tap water, drinking water, water from
river, spring water and water from lake. Hard water is water that contained a high percentage
of calcium ions and magnesium ions.
Soap is very effective to clean grease and oil in soft water but detergent is effective in both
soft and hard water.
Air lembut adalah air yang di gunakan seharian dalam kehidupan kita seperti air paip, air minuman, air dari sungai,
air mata air dan air dari tasek. Air liat adalah air yang mengandungi peratusan kandungan ion kalsium dan ion
magnesium yang tinggi.
Referring to the information in the diagram above, plan an experiment to investigate the
cleaning effect of soap and detergent in hard water. Your planning should include the
following aspects:
Merujuk kepada maklumat dari gambarajah di atas, rancangkan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji kesanpencucian
sabun dan dtergen dalam air lembut dan air liat. Perancangan anda hendaklah mengandungi aspek-aspek berikut:
(c) Hypothesis
Hipotesis
(e) Procedure
Prosedur
(f)
Tabulation of data
Penjadualan data
[17 marks]
41
23.
Ionic compound can conduct electricity in aqueous and molten states but covalent
compound cannot conduct electricity in all states.
Sebatian ion boleh mengkonduksikan elektrik dalam keadaan leburan dan larutan akueus tetapi sebatian kovalen
tidak boleh mengkonduksikan elektrik dalam sebarang keadaan.
(c) Hypothesis
Hipotesis
(e) Procedure
Prosedur
[17 marks]
42