1

A network administrator has just changed the router ID on a router that is working in an OSPFv2
environment. What should the administrator do to reset the adjacencies and use the new router ID?
Configure the network statements.
Change the interface priority.
Issue the clear ip ospf process privileged mode command.
Change the OSPFv2 process ID.
If the router ID has changed on a working router, the OSPFv2 process must be cleared for the new
router ID to take effect.
Observable

Description

Max Value
correctness of response

2 points for Option 3

0 points for any other option

Refer to the exhibit. What three conclusions can be drawn from the displayed output? (Choose three.)
The DR can be reached through the GigabitEthernet 0/0 interface.
This interface is using the default priority.
The BDR has three neighbors.
The router ID on the DR router is 3.3.3.3

The router ID values were not the criteria used to select the DR and the BDR.
There have been 9 seconds since the last hello packet sent.
The DR and BDR process of this matter took place on the multiaccess environment connected to the
GigabitEthernet 0/0 interface. The interface is using the priority of 0, which is not the default value.
There is no way to know if the DR has three neighbors from the output. The router ID on the DR router is
1.1.1.1. This election was held using priority values, or otherwise the DR would be R3. The next hello is
going to be sent in 1 second.
Observable

Description

Max Value
correctness of response

Option 1, Option 5, and Option 6 are correct.

1 point for each correct option.

0 points if more options are selected than required.

3
When checking a routing table, a network technician notices the following entry:

O*E2 0.0.0.0/0 [110/1] via 192.168.16.3, 00:20:22, Serial0/0/0

What information can be gathered from this output?

This route is a propagated default route.
The route is located two hops away.
The metric for this route is 110.
The edge of the OSPF area 0 is the interface that is addressed 192.168.16.3.
The metric towards this external route is one and 192.168.16.3 is the address of the next interface
towards the destination.
Observable

Description

Max Value
correctness of response

2 points for Option 1

0 points for any other option

4
Which command will a network engineer issue to verify the configured hello and dead timer intervals on
a point-to-point WAN link between two routers that are running OSPFv2?
show ip ospf neighbor
show ip ospf interface serial 0/0/0
show ipv6 ospf interface serial 0/0/0
show ip ospf interface fastethernet 0/1
The show ip ospf interface serial 0/0/0 command will display the configured hello and dead timer
intervals on a point-to-point serial WAN link between two OSPFv2 routers. The show ipv6 ospf interface
serial 0/0/0 command will display the configured hello and dead timer intervals on a point-to-point
serial link between two OSPFv3 routers. The show ip ospf interface fastethernet 0/1 command will
display the configured hello and dead timer intervals on a multiaccess link between two (or more)
OSPFv2 routers. The show ip ospf neighbor command will display the dead interval elapsed time since
the last hello message was received, but does not show the configured value of the timer.
Observable

Description

Max Value
correctness of response

2 points for Option 2

0 points for any other option

5
A network engineer has manually configured the hello interval to 15 seconds on an interface of a router
that is running OSPFv2. By default, how will the dead interval on the interface be affected?
The dead interval will now be 15 seconds.
The dead interval will now be 30 seconds.
The dead interval will now be 60 seconds.
The dead interval will not change from the default value.
Cisco IOS automatically modifies the dead interval to four times the hello interval.

Observable

Description

Max Value
correctness of response

2 points for Option 3

0 points for any other option

6
A network engineer suspects that OSPFv3 routers are not forming neighbor adjacencies because there
are interface timer mismatches. Which two commands can be issued on the interface of each OSFPv3
router to resolve all timer mismatches? (Choose two.)
no ipv6 ospf hello-interval
no ipv6 ospf dead-interval
ip ospf hello-interval 10
ip ospf dead-interval 40
no ipv6 ospf cost 10
no ipv6 router ospf 10
The no ipv6 ospf hello-interval and no ipv6 ospf dead-interval commands issued on each OSPFv3
interface will reset the intervals to the respective default periods. This ensures that the timers on all
routers now match and, providing other appropriate configurations are correct, the routers will form
adjacencies. The ip ospf hello-interval 10 and ip ospf dead-interval 40 commands are OPSFv2 commands
that are used for IPv4 routing. If the ipv6 ospf hello-interval and ipv6 ospf dead-interval commands are
used, then the interval has to be specified in seconds. The parameter default is not valid in these
commands.
Observable

Description

Max Value
correctness of response

Option 1 and Option 2 are correct.

1 point for each correct option.

0 points if more options are selected than required.

Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator has configured the OSPF timers to the values that are
shown in the graphic. What is the result of having those manually configured timers?
The R1 dead timer expires between hello packets from R2.
R1 automatically adjusts its own timers to match the R2 timers.
The hello timer on R2 expires every ten seconds.
The neighbor adjacency has formed.
The dead timer (20 seconds) on R1 expires before the next hello packet from R2 (25 seconds).
Observable

Description

Max Value
correctness of response

2 points for Option 1

0 points for any other option

8
Why do OSPF serial interfaces usually require manual bandwidth configuration?
OSPF uses the bandwidth value to compute routes for its routing table.
Each side of an OSPF serial link should be configured with a unique value.
All serial interfaces default to a value of 1.544 Mb/s.
Bandwidth value affects the actual speed of the link.
The OSPF cost metric is computed using the bandwidth values that are assigned to links. Both ends of a
serial link need to have matching values. Serial links may default to several different values, and should
always be verified before configuration. The bandwidth value that is assigned to a link does not affect
actual speed, but does affect convergence.
Observable

Description

Max Value
correctness of response

2 points for Option 1

0 points for any other option

Refer to the exhibit. R1 and R2 are connected to the same LAN segment and are configured to run
OSPFv3. They are not forming a neighbor adjacency. What is the cause of the problem?
The IPv6 addresses of R1 and R2 are not in the same subnet.
The OSPFv3 process IDs of R1 and R2 are different.
The timer intervals of R1 and R2 do not match.
The priority value of both R1 and R2 is 1.
There is a mismatch between the timer intervals of R1 and R2. In OSPF the timers must match on two
routers before they will become neighbors. The IPv6 addresses that are used by OSPFv3 are link-local,
and are in the same subnet. The OSPFv3 process ID is locally significant, and does not have to match
between routers. The default OSPF interface priority value is 1, and does not prevent neighbor
relationships from forming.
Observable

Description

Max Value
correctness of response

2 points for Option 3

0 points for any other option

10

Refer to the exhibit. What kind of OSPF authentication has been configured on this interface?
simple
null
plain text
MD5
The line "Message digest authentication enabled" near the end of the output shows that Message
Digest 5 (MD5) authentication has been enabled on this interface.
Observable

Description

Max Value
correctness of response

2 points for Option 4

0 points for any other option

11
Why is MD5 authentication more secure than simple authentication for OSPF updates?
MD5 does not send the password to the neighbor router.
MD5 requires passwords that are at least 8 characters long.
MD5 uses both a username and a password to authenticate the neighbor.
MD5 employs IPsec to keep the updates from being intercepted.
MD5 does not send the configured password across the network. MD5 generates a special hash, or
signature, that is attached to the messages and sent to the neighbor. This signature is used to validate
the neighbor instead of the password. MD5 does not use a username and does not enforce a minimum
length on the password. While IPsec tunnels can be used to keep updates secure, they are not used
specifically by MD5.
Observable

Description

Max Value
correctness of response

2 points for Option 1

0 points for any other option

12
Which two pieces of information are used by the OSPF MD5 algorithm to generate a signature? (Choose
two.)
secret key
OSPF message
OSPF router ID
router hostname
interface IP address

OSPF MD5 authentication takes the contents of each OSPF message and the configured secret key as
input to the MD5 hashing algorithm. The algorithm uses this information to create a signature that is
sent with the OSPF message so that the neighbor can verify its authenticity.
Observable

Description

Max Value
correctness of response

Option 1 and Option 2 are correct.

1 point for each correct option.

0 points if more options are selected than required.

13
A network engineer is troubleshooting convergence and adjacency issues in an OSPFv2 network and has
noted that some expected network route entries are not displayed in the routing table. Which two
commands will provide additional information about the state of router adjacencies, timer intervals, and
the area ID? (Choose two.)
show ip protocols
show ip ospf interface
show ip route ospf
show ip ospf neighbor
show running-configuration
The show ip ospf interface command will display routing table information that is already known. The
show running-configuration and show ip protocols commands will display aspects of the OSPF
configuration on the router but will not display adjacency state details or timer interval details.
Observable

Description

Max Value
correctness of response
1 point for each correct option.

Option 2 and Option 4 are correct.

0 points if more options are selected than required.

14
When OSPFv2 neighbors are establishing adjacencies, in which state do they elect a DR and BDR router?
Exchange state
Init state
Two-Way state
Loading state
Down state: No Hello packets are received.
Init state: Hello packets received.
Two-way state: DR and BDR election.
ExStart state: Negotiate master / slave and DBD packet sequence number.
Exchange state: Exchange of DBD packets.
Loading state: Additional information is sent.
Full state: Routers converged.
Observable

Description

Max Value
correctness of response

2 points for Option 3

0 points for any other option

15
A network engineer is troubleshooting an OSPFv2 network and discovers that two routers connected by
a point-to-point WAN serial link are not establishing an adjacency. The OSPF routing process, network
commands and area ID are all confirmed as correct, and the interfaces are not passive. Testing shows
that the cabling is correct, that the link is up, and pings between the interfaces are successful. What is
most likely the problem?
The subnet masks on the two connected serial interfaces do not match.
A clock rate has not been set on the DCE interface of the serial link.
The OSPFv2 process IDs on each router do not match.

A DR election has not taken place.

The establishment of an OSPF adjacency between connected routers requires each interface of the link
to be in the same subnet. This requires each interface to be configured with correct IP addresses and the
same subnet mask. Pings across serial links can be successful with correct IP addresses and different
subnet masks. Successful pings verify that a clock rate has been set on the DCE interface of the serial
link. The OSPFv2 process IDs on each router are local and do not need to match. A DR election does not
take place across point-to-point serial links between OSPF routers.
Observable

Description

Max Value
correctness of response

2 points for Option 1

0 points for any other option

16
A network engineer is troubleshooting OSPFv2 routing issues on two connected routers. Which two
requirements to form an adjacency need to be verified? (Choose two.)
Verify that one of the interfaces that connects the two routers is active and the other passive.
Verify that one of the routers is the DR or BDR and the other router a DRother.
Verify that the interfaces that connect the two routers are in the same subnet.
Verify that the interfaces that connect the two routers are in the same area.
Verify that both routers are using the same OSPFv2 process ID.
The OSPFv2 process ID is local to each router and does not have to be common. Neither interface on the
link connecting the two routers can be passive. Both must be participating in the OSPF area. The DR,
BDR, and DRother status of the router has no bearing on the adjacency relationship.
Observable

Description

Max Value
correctness of response
1 point for each correct option.

Option 3 and Option 4 are correct.

0 points if more options are selected than required.

17
Which command is used to verify that OSPF is enabled and also provides a list of the networks that are
being advertised by the network?
show ip protocols
show ip ospf interface
show ip interface brief
show ip route ospf
The command show ip ospf interface verifies the active OSPF interfaces. The command show ip
interface brief is used to check that the interfaces are operational. The command show ip route ospf
displays the entries that are learned via OSPF in the routing table. The command show ip protocols
checks that OSPF is enabled and lists the networks that are advertised.
Observable

Description

Max Value
correctness of response

2 points for Option 1

0 points for any other option

18

Refer to the exhibit. Four routers are connected to an Ethernet LAN segment and are configured to run
OSPFv3. However, none of the routers are receiving routing updates. What is the cause of the problem?

The routers are using IPv4 addresses for router IDs.

All of the routers have an OSPFv3 interface priority of 0.
The network type has been set to BROADCAST instead of NBMA.
The routers are using IPv6 link local addresses to communicate.
During the election of a designated router (DR), any routers with a priority of 0 are not eligible to be
elected. Because all of the routers in this network have an OSPF priority of 0, no DR will be elected.
Routers in a multiaccess network form full adjacencies only with the DR and BDR, and only send routing
updates to these two routers. In this network all of the routers have only formed 2-way neighbor
relationships and will not exchange routing updates.
Observable

Description

Max Value
correctness of response

2 points for Option 2

0 points for any other option

19

Refer to the exhibit. These two routers are configured to run OSPFv3 but they are not forming a
neighbor adjacency. What is the cause of the problem?
The routers have the same priority.
The routers have both been elected as the DR.

The routers are configured with the same router ID.

The routers do not have global IPv6 addresses that are configured on the Fa0/0 interfaces.
The routers have both been configured with the router ID 1.1.1.1. Two OSPFv3 routers with the same
router ID will not become neighbors. All routers have a priority of 1 configured by default and this does
not normally cause a problem. Both routers have elected themselves as the DR because they are not
neighbors, but this is not the cause of the problem either. OSPFv3 routers use their link-local IPv6
addresses to form neighbor relationships, so even if the routers did not have global IPv6 addresses on
their interfaces, it would not cause this problem.
Observable

Description

Max Value
correctness of response

2 points for Option 3

0 points for any other option

20

Refer to the exhibit. An administrator is trying to configure R1 to run OSPFv3 but the neighbor adjacency
is not forming with the router connected to Fa0/0. What is the cause of the problem?
No router ID has been configured.
FastEthernet0/0 has been configured as a passive interface.
A link-local address has not been configured on interface FastEthernet0/0.

The OSPF process ID and area values are backwards in the interface configuration.
The output of show ipv6 ospf interface fa0/0 shows that OSPFv3 is not enabled on the interface even
though the command is in the running configuration. This is because no router ID has been configured
on this router. The router ID in OSPFv3 is a 32 bit number, similar to the ID in OSPFv2. If the router ID is
not manually specified then an IPv4 address from one of the interfaces is used instead. This router has
no IPv4 addresses configured on it so a router ID cannot be automatically chosen. The router-id
command must be configured under ipv6 router ospf 1 in order to fix this problem.
Observable

Description

Max Value
correctness of response

2 points for Option 1

0 points for any other option

21

Refer to the exhibit. Fill in the blank. Do not use abbreviations.

The command can be issued on router R2 to verify the propagation of a static default route from R1 to
R2.
Observable

Description

Max Value
correctness of response

Observable 1 receives +1 point if it was answered correctly.

Observable 1 receives +0 points if it was answered incorrectly. 1

22
Fill in the blank. Do not use abbreviations.
When IPv4 and OSPFv2 are being used, the command _______________is used to verify that a router
has formed an adjacency with its neighboring routers.
The command show ip ospf neighbor displays the adjacency table.
Observable

Description

Max Value
correctness of response

Observable 1 receives +1 point if it was answered correctly.

Observable 1 receives +0 points if it was answered incorrectly. 1

During the Init state, hello packets that contain the router ID of the sending routers are received from
the neighbors.

During the DR and BDR election process, the DR will be the one with the highest interface
priority. If the priority is not manually configured, there will be a tie on the default value of 1, so
the router with the highest router ID will be selected. The router ID is chosen depending on what
is configured on the router. A manually configured router ID is preferred, with the highest IPv4
address on a loopback interface being preferred next, followed by the highest IPv4 address on a
physical interface.