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35
FM 6-40
ARTILLERY
CANNON
GUNNERY
HEADQUARTERS
DEPARTMENT
OF THE ARMY
*FM 6-40
Field Manual
No. 6-40
HEADQUARTERS
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
Washington, DC, 7 December 1984
GUNNERY TEAM
1-1
1-2
1-3
1-4
CHAPTER 2.
2-2
Section I.
1-2
1-2
Gunnery Problem
Solution
Requirements for
Accurate Predicted Fire_
2-1
2-1
BALLISTICS
Interior Ballistics
3-1
3-2
3-3
Section II.
1-1
1-1
GUNNERY PROBLEM
2-1
CHAPTER 3.
Observer
Fire Direction Center
Firing Battery
Communications Links
Page
Description
Factors Affecting
Muzzle Velocity
MuzZle Velocity
Measurement
Exterior Ballistics
3-1
3-1
3-3
3-4
3-5
^.
r-
3-4
3-5
3-6
Description
Trajectory Elements
Round-to-Round
Variations
3-5
3-5
3-7
3-8
3-9
Dispersion Rectangles
Range Probable Error
Deflection Probable
Error_3-9
Vertical Probable
Error_3-10
Height-of-Burst
Probable Error
3-7
3-10
3-11
3-7
3-8
3-10
*This publication supersedes FM 6-40, 1 December 1978. In addition, this publication rescinds DA Form
4207, October 1978.
FM 6-40
Page
CHAPTER 4.
CHAPTER 5.
Section I.
5-8
5-9
5-10
5-12
5-13
5-14
Section I.
Chart Operation
Equipment
Point Plotting
Tick Marks
Construction of
Azimuth Indexes
Construction of
Deflection Indexes
6,400-Mil Charts
Methods Used in
Plotting Targets
Chart Data
5-11
CHAPTER 6.
Description
Construction of Firing
Charts
Section III.
4-1
4-3
4-5
4-6
4-7
4-8
5-1
5-2
Section II.
BCS/Manual FDC_
FADAC/Manual FDC
Manual FDC
Battalion FDC
3x8 Operations
Firing Data Checks
5-1
5-1
5-2
5-2
5-2
5-2
5-5
5-8
5-10
5-12
5-15
5-16
5-18
5-18
5-18
5-19
5-19
6-1
Definition__________
6-2
Considerations in
Attacking a Target
Fire Order Elements_____
Issuing the Fire Order_____
6-3
6-4
6-1
6-1
6-1
6-2
6-3
.0
FM 6-40
Page
6-5
6-6
Battery-Level Fire
Orders
Section II.
Fire Commands
6-6
6-8
Fire Command
Elements
Standing Operating
6-7
6-10
6-11
6-12
Section I.
Message to Observer
6-13
Definition
6-14
Additional Information
7-2
6-9
6-9
6-14
7-3
7-4
Construction of GFT
Settings
Determination of Firing
Data by Use of the GFT
Setting
7-1
7-1
Section IV.
6-9
Means of Determining
Firing Data
Section III.
6-8
6-8
6-9
FIRING TABLES
7-1
Section II.
6-6
Definition
Procedures
CHAPTER 7.
6-4
6-7
6-9
Section III.
6-4
7-1
7-3
7-4
7-7
Description
Construction of a GFT
7-7
7-7
Determination of Firing
Data With the GFT Fan
7-8
Standards
7-9
of the TFT
Graphical Site Tables________
7-8
7-8
7-9
7-9
7-10
Description
7-9
7-11
Determination of Vertical
Interval
7-11
iii
FM 6-40
Page
7-12
7-13
7-14
7-15
7-16
7-17
CHAPTER 8.
Section I.
7-11
7-13
7-14
7-14
REPLOT DATA
Manual Procedures_8-2
8-1
Section I1.
Point-Detonating and
Variable Time Fuze
(M728) Replot
8-2
Variable Time Fuze
(M513/M514) Replot
8-3
Mechanical Time Fuze
Replot
Computer Procedures
8-4
8-5
CHAPTER 9.
Section I.
8-6
8-8
8-8
8-8
High-Explosive Munitions
9-3
9-1
9-2
Characteristics9-3
Computations for HighExplosive Projectiles
9-3
9-4
9-5
9-6
Sample Mission
APICM Projectiles
Smoke Projectiles
Illuminating
Projectiles
Illuminating Projectile
Manual Procedures
______
iv
8-5
9-7
Section II.
FADAC Replot
Battery Computer
System Replot
8-2
Characteristics________
DPICM Projectiles
9-3
9-4
9-6
9-9
9-13
9-14
9-18
9-18
9-18
FM 6-40
Page
Section III.
Rocket-Assisted Munitions
9-21
.9-22
9-23
Section IV.
Characteristics
Manual Computation
Registration and Determination
of the GFT Setting
Nuclear Munitions
9-24 Characteristics9-25 M753 Delivery Techniques
9-26 Manual Data for
K-Transfer Technique
(M753)
9-27 Met + VE Technique
9-28 Observer Adjustment
Technique
9-29 M422A1 Delivery
Technique
9-30 M422A1 Computer
9-31
9-32
9-33
9-34
9-18
9-21
9-21
9-22
9-22
9-24
9-28
9-28
9-29
9-31
9-31
9-35
9-35
9-36
9-38
9-38
9-38
9-39
9-39
9-43
9-45
9-46
Procedures
155-mm Howitzer Nuclear
Gunnery
155-mm Nuclear Delivery
Techniques
Manual Procedures for Shell
Nuclear by Use of the GET
9-48
and TET
9-50
_________
9-50
9-50
9-51
V
FM 6-40
Page
Section V.
Copperhead
9-35 Characteristics9-36 Computations for Shell
Copperhead
9-37 Mission Priority
9-38 Copperhead SOP
9-39 Voice Calls for Fire
9-40 Message to Observer
(Autonomous)
9-41 Laser Pulse Repetition
Frequency Code
9-42 Fire Order
9-43 Computation of Firing Data
9-44 Angle T and Target Cloud
Height Check
9-45 Determination of the Range
Offset Correction
9-46 Trajectories
9-47 Description of M712
Low-Angle Ballistic GFT_
9-48 Low-Angle Ballistic
GFT Setting
9-49 Transfer Limits
9-50 Application of the GFT
Setting
9-51 Data Read From the
Low-Angle Ballistic GFT_____
9-52 M712 Low-Angle Glide
Mode GFT
9-53 Determination of the Time
Setting
9-54 Determination of Elevation,
Time of Flight, and Designate
Time_9-65
9-55 Glide Mode Transfer
Limits_9-65
9-56 Glide Mode GFT Setting
9-57 Switch Setting
9-58 Computation of Site
9-59 Computation of
Deflection Correction______
9-60 Computation of FADAC Data
9-61 Limits of the Battery
Center Solution________
9-62
vi
Target Attack
Contingencies
9-52
9-52
9-54
9-55
9-55
9-55
9-56
9-56
9-56
9-56
9-57
9-58
9-59
9-60
9-60
9-62
9-62
9-63
9-64
9-64
9-65
9-67
9-67
9-68
9-68
9-68
9-68
FM 6-40
Page
9-63
9-64
9-65
9-66
9-67
9-68
9-69
9-70
Record of Fire
Fire Commands
Engagement Commands
High-Angle Fire
High-Angle GFT
CHAPTER 10.
Section I.
10-12
10-13
Characteristics
Sequence for Solution of a
a Concurrent Met
Solution of a Concurrent
Met
Position Constants
Subsequent Met
10-14
10-15
10-16
Section V.
Characteristics
Ballistic Met Message
Computer Met Message
Met Message Errors
Met Message Space and
and Time Validity
Concurrent Met
10-10
10-11
Section IV.
Nonstandard Conditions
Concurrent Met
Subsequent Met
Velocity Error
Met Messages
10-5
10-6
10-7
10-8
10-9
Section III.
9-76
METEOROLOGICAL CORRECTIONS
AND VELOCITY ERROR
10-1
10-2
10-3
10-4
Section I1.
9-68
9-70
9-71
9-71
9-72
9-73
9-74
Characteristics
Sequence for Solution of
a Subsequent Met
Solution of a Subsequent
Met_10-33
Eight-Direction Met
Met to a Met Check
Gage Point
Met to a Target
10-1
10-1
10-2
10-2
10-3
10-3
10-3
10-3
10-6
10-8
10-9
10-10
10-10
10-10
10-11
10-30
10-32
10-32
10-32
10-35
10-35
10-38
10-38
vii
FM 6-40
Page
Section VI.
10-42
10-20
CHAPTER 11.
CHAPTER 12.
Section I.
Section II.
Application of Velocity
Error
10-42
10-21 Manual Computation of a
GFT Setting for an Unregistered
Charge
10-42
MUZZLE VELOCITY MANAGEMENT
11-1
Definitions
11-2
Calibration
11-1
11-2
11-3
Determination of Muzzle
Velocity for Subsequent Lots-
11-6
REGISTRATIONS AND
APPLICATION OF
REGISTRATION CORRECTIONS
Characteristics
12-1
12-1
Types of Registrations
12-2
Assurance Tables
12-1
12-2
12-3
When to Conduct
Registrations
12-3
Precision Registrations
12-4
12-4
12-4
12-5
12-6
Initiation
Impact Portion of the
Registration
Registering Piece
Displacement
Time Portion of the
Registration
Multilot Precision
Registrations
Abbreviated Registration
With the G/VLLD
Determination of a GFT
GFT Setting From a
Registration
Met + VE With a Check
Round
12-4
12-7
12-8
12-9
12-10
12-11
12-12
Section III.
12-6
12-6
12-8
12-8
12-8
12-10
HB/MPI Registrations
12-10
12-13
12-14
12-10
12-15
viii
12-4
Objective
Selecting an Orienting
Point__
Orienting the
Observers
12-11
12-12
FM 6-40
Page
12-16
12-17
12-18
12-19
12-20
Section IV.
Determining Firing
Data
Firing the HB/MPI
Registration
Determining the Mean Burst
Location
Determining Chart Data
Determining Adjusted Data__
Radar Registrations
12-21
Employment
12-35
12-21
Registration Corrections
12-27
12-32
12-33
12-34
Section I.
12-15
12-19.
12-19
12-22
12-30
12-31
CHAPTER 13.
12-14
Advantages
Conducting a Radar
Registration
12-24 Selecting an Orienting
Point
12-25 Radar Message to
Observer
12-26 Determining Firing Data_
12-27 Firing the HB/MPI
Registration
12-28 Determining the Mean
Burst Location
Chart Data and
Determining
12-29
Registration Corrections
12-22
12-23
Section V.
12-13
Description
Computation of Total Range
Correction
Computation of Total Fuze
Correction
Computation of Total
Deflection Correction
Registration Transfer
Limits
12-22
12-22
12-24
12-24
12-26
12-28
12-27
12-27
12-27
12-28
12-28
12-29
13-1
13-2
13-3
13-4
13-5
Piece Displacement
Estimation/Pacing
Hasty Traverse
Survey
Ballistic Computers
13-1
13-1
13-2
13-2
13-2
13-2
ix
FM 6-40
Page
13-6
13-7
Section II.
Position Corrections
13-8
13-9
13-10
13-11
13-12
13-13
13-14
13-15
13-16
13-17
13-18
Section III.
Section V.
13-3
13-11
Types of Position
Corrections
13-11
Registration/Special
Correction Work Sheet
13-12
Registration Portion
13-12
Hasty Correction Portion_ _
13-14.
Special Correction Portion_____ 13-15
Parallel Sheaf
13-16
Converged Sheaf
13-16
Special Sheaf
13-24
FADAC
13-32
Battery Computer System
13-32
Hand-Held Calculator
13-32
13-33
13-19
13-20
13-21
13-33
13-33
Methods of Attack
Target Division Method_
Massed Fire Distribution
Template Method
Sweep and Zone Fires
13-35
13-35
13-38
13-23
13-24
13-38
Description
Manual Computation of Data
With the GFT or TFT
13-39
Observers
13-39
13-25
13-26
13-39
13-40
13-40
13-29
13-30
Untrained Observers
13-41
13-27
13-28
Section VI.
13-2
13-22
Section IV.
13-41
13-41
Zone-to-Zone Transformation
13-42
13-31
Description
13-42
13-32
13-44
FM 6-40
Page
Section VII.
CHAPTER 14.
Section I.
Section I1.
13-33
Graphic Method
13-34
Computer Procedures
High-Angle Fire
13-35 Description
13-36 High-Angle GFT
13-37 Duties of Personnel
13-38 HE High-Angle Missions
13-39 DPICM High-Angle
Registration
13-40 Computer Procedures
13-47
13-47
13-47
13-48
13-49
13-50
13-56
13-57
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES/
OBSERVED FIRING CHARTS
Observed Firing Charts
Emergency Firing Charts
14-1
Construction of an
14-2
Emergency Observed
Firing Chart
Battery Observed
14-3
Firing Charts
Determination of Direction for
14-4
Polar Plotting
Determination of Range and
14-5
Altitude-Impact
Registration
Determination of Range and
14-6
Altitude-Time Registration,
Site Unknown
Determination of Site by
14-7
Firing (XO's High Burst)
GFT Settings
14-8
Observed Firing Chart With
14-9
Incomplete Survey
14-10 Construction of Observed Firing
Chart-Position Area Survey
Only
Use of the M10/M17 Plotting
Board
14-11
14-12
14-13
Section I1.
13-44
14-1
14-1
14-2
14-4
14-4
14-5
14-5
14-6
14-7
14-7
14-7
14-7
14-7
14-8
14-8
14-9
xi
FM 6-40
Page
14-14
Determination of Surveyed
Location and Azimuth of Lay.
14-15 Map-Spot Technique
14-16 Construction of a Map-Spot
Surveyed Firing Chart
(Manual)
14-17 Transfer From Map-Spot to
Surveyed Firing Chart
APPENDIXES
A.
B.
INTERCHANGEABILITY OF
AMMUNITIONB-1
C.
D.
EMPLOYMENT OF ARMOR IN
INDIRECT FIRED-1
E.
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDIZATION
AGREEMENTSE-1
F.
STANDARDIZED
PROCEDURESF-1
G.
H.
J.
K.
GLOSSARY
REFERENCES
INDEX
xii
14-9
14-10
14-10
14-10
I-I
J-1
K-1
GLOSSARY-1
REFERENCES-1
INDEX-1
FM 6-40
Preface
FM 6-40
This is not a requirement; however, manually computed fires will be more
accurate if the adjusting piece is located at the point used as the battery (or
platoon) center. In all cases, common sense and the tactical situation dictate
the emplacement of weapons and the selection of technical firing data
techniques.
The order of technical, data computation is BCS, tactical fire direction
system (TACFIRE) modification solution, BUCS, manual, and hand-held
calculator (HHC). For further discussion, refer to chapter 4.
Included in this publication are guidelines for the interchangeabilty of
ammunition (app B), a listing of fire direction center equipment (app C), and
a discussion on employing armor in the role of indirect fire (app D).
Users of this publication are encouraged to submit recommended changes
or comments to improve the publication. Comments should be keyed to a
specific page, paragraph, or line of text in which the change is
recommended. Reasons should be included for each comment to ensure
understanding and complete evaluation. Changes and comments should be
prepared on DA Form 2028 (Recommended Changes to Publications and
Blank Forms) and forwarded directly to:
Commandant
US Army Field Artillery School
ATTN: ATSF-GA
Fort Sill, OK 73503
The provisions of this publication are the subject of standardization
agreement (STANAG)/quadripartite standardization agreement (QSTAG)
4119/220 and QSTAG 224. See appendix E.
This publication contains standardized procedures relevant to field
artillery cannon gunnery. Those procedures are denoted in the text by an
asterisk (*). See appendix F.
xiv
FM 6-40
FA-UNIT':.COMM.ANID-ERSI-FIR'E DIRECTION'OFFICER.
COMPUTERS SHOULD READ ALL CHAPTER
~imx.i:uu 2
HUL i
UR.OEAOR
m
~~~jIUK
'0
UK
01sia I Ir
BLJEA
xv
FM 6-40
T he
field artillery gunnery team consists of the observer, the fire direction center (FDC), and the firing battery,
all linked by an adequate communications system.
1-1.
OBSERVER
1-2.
FIRE DIRECTION
CENTER
I
I
I
I
I
M
FM 6-40
1-3.
FIRING BATTERY
1-2
1-4.
COMMUNICATIONS
LINKS
FM 6-40
2-1.
GUNNERY
PROBLEM SOLUTION
2-2.
REQUIREMENTS
FOR ACCURATE
PREDICTED FIRE
FM 6-40
target also require the weapons to be located
accurately, and this location must be known
to the fire direction center. The position and
azimuth determining system (PADS) can
provide accurate survey information on the
battery location. Survey techniques available
to the firing battery can also help in
determining the location of each weapon. The
BCS can identify the grid location of each
piece from the aiming circle and can compute
the geographical battery center grid. The
BCS uses each weapon location individually
to compute individual firing data. The term
"battery center" indicates the geographical
center of the weapons and does not
necessarily correspond to any weapon
location. No longer is there a base piece. For
an adjust fire mission, the BCS automatically
designates a different weapon for each
mission based on an algorithm in the
machine. The FDC, if required, may also
manually designate an adjusting piece to the
battery computer system.
c. Ammunition and Weapon Information. In the battery computer system,
accurate firing data are based on the actual
performance of each weapon. The actual
Figure 2-1
2-2
FM 6-40
B allistics
deals with the motion of
projectiles and the conditions that
affect that motion. An understanding of
ballistics is important because it is upon
the fundamentals of ballistics that fire
direction procedures are built. It is also
important to understand the factors
affecting round-to-round variations,
particularly in muzzle velocity, so that
they can be minimized and the goal of
accurate predicted fires can be achieved.
Section I
INTERIOR BALLISTICS
3-1. DESCRIPTION
Interior ballistics deals with the factors
affecting the motion of the projectile within
the tube. Interior ballistics determines the
developed muzzle velocity of a round when it
leaves the tube.
a. Propellant. Artillery propellant is a
low-order explosive that burns at a rate less
than 1,300 feet per second. A low-order
explosive burns rather than explodes. It
burns rapidly and releases gases as opposed
to exploding and causing an instantaneous
release of energy. The melting point for a
low-order explosive is lower than the
temperature required to cause it to chemically
react. Therefore, it requires a primer for
ignition.
b. Cannon Tube. Several parts of the
cannon tube affect interior ballistics (fig 3-1).
CENTERING SLOPE
0
MUZZLE
BREECH
CONE
LAN
BORE
CENTER
GROOVE
Figure 3-1.
3-1
FM 6-40
-WEIGHT
ZONE MARKING
OGIVE.-_1f
"
D54 4
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
IDENTIFICATION CODE
ROTATING BAND
OBTURATING BAND (USED
ON CERTAIN PROJECTILES)
GROMMET
(PROTECTS ROTATING
BAND DURING SHIPMENT)
BASE
-BASE
Figure 3-2.
3-2
The projectile.
COVER
FM 6-40
3-2.
FACTORS AFFECTING
MUZZLE VELOCITY
variations
:n
All
the
the
are
3-3
FM 6-40
3-3.
MUZZLE VELOCITY
MEASUREMENT
FM 6-40
Section II
EXTERIOR BALLISTICS
3-4.
DESCRIPTION
3-5.
TRAJECTORY
ELEMENTS
COMPLEMENTARY RANGE
LEGEND:
1. ANGLE OF SITE
4. ANGLE OF ELEVATION
2. COMPLEMENTARY
ANGLE OF SITE
3. SITE
5. QUADRANT ELEVATION
6. JUMP
7. VERTICAL INTERVAL
Figure 3-3.
3-5
FM 6-40
ORIGIN
AdFIfoo
JIIfl
LEVEL POINT
Figure 3-4.
3-6
FM 6-40
3-6.
(3)
ROUND-TO-ROUND
VARIATIONS
improper
[FO],
0
0
00
DISPERSION
RECTANGLES
3-7.
LINE OF FIRE *
.
0
MEAN POINT
OF IMPACT
Figure 3-5.
3-7
FM 6-40
rectangle. Likewise, if this rectangle is
divided similarly by lines parallel to the line
of fire, the percentages will be as indicated in
figure 3-7. This is called a deflection
dispersion rectangle. Each division of these
dispersion rectangles is called 1 probable
error. Probable error is defined as the error
that is exceeded as many times as not when
considering all rounds either over or short or
left or right of the mean point of impact.
3-8.
RANGE PROBABLE
ERROR
SHORT
2%
7%
OVER
16%
25%
25%
*
7%
2%
0*
@
*
00.o
1/2-
16%
LINE OF FIRE
00
1/2
D
MEAN POINT OF IMPACT
Figure 3-6.
3-8
FM 6-40
3-9.
Figure 3-7.
LEFT
1/2
.02
.07
. 16
.25
.25
. 16
.07
.02
.0004
.0004
.0014
.0032
.0050
.0050
.0032
.0014
.07
.0014
.0049
.0112
.0175
.0175
.0112
.0049
.0014
.0032
.0050
.25
.25
1/2
.02
.16
DEFLECTION
PROBABLE ERROR
.0032
.0112
.0256
.0400
.0400
.0256
.0112
.0050
.0050
.0175
.0175
.0400
.0400
.0625
.0625
.0625
.0625
.0400
.0400
.0175
.0175
.0050
.16
.07
.0032
.0014
.0112
.0049
.0256
.0112
.0400
.0175
.0400
.0175
.0256
.0112
.0112
.0049
.0032
.0014
.02
.0004
.0014
.0032
.0050
1.0050
.0032
.0014
.0004
RIGHT
Figure 3-8.
LINE OF FIRE
Dispersion rectangle.
3-9
FM 6-4C
Different
units
may have
different
of FDC
equipamounts
types and
ment.
a. The battery FDC may be configured with one of the following three
mixes of equipment:
(1) BCS/manual.
(2) FADAC/manual.
(3) Manual only.
b. The battalion will have TACFIRE
or will be a FADAC/manual fire
direction center.
c. Duties and responsibilities of
assigned personnel will vary depending
on the type and the amount of equipment
available in the fire direction center.
LEGEND:
DMD
FIST
GFT
G/VLLD
4-1.
BCS/MANUAL FDC
4-1
4-2 FOLDOUT
6-40
LEGEND:
1w
FSO
VFMED
GDU
Figure 4-2.
FOLDIN 4-2
4-2
FM 6-40
4-2.
FADAC/MANUAL FDC
Figure 4-3.
4-3
FM 6-40
Table 4-1.
DEGRADATION 1
FDO/CHIEF
COMPUTER OPERATOR
RECORDER
CHART OPERATOR
DEGRADATION 2
FDO/CHIEF
COMPUTER OPERATOR
Issues fire commands to the guns via vocal gun line. Operates
hand-held calculator for a data check. Applies special corrections
to the TACFIRE solutions and records firing data or determines
platoon's firing data based on individual platoon's chart data.
CHART OPERATOR
DEGRADATION 3
4-4
FDO/CHIEF
COMPUTER OPERATOR
CHART OPERATOR
RECORDER
FM 6-40
Figure 4-4.
4-3.
MANUAL FDC
FM 6-40
Figure 4-5.
(2) Chief fire direction specialistserves as the FDO's technical expert and
functions as the FDO in the FDO's absence.
He ensures that all equipment is on hand and
operational, supervises computation of all
data, ensures that all appropriate records are
maintained, and assists the FDO as
necessary.
(3) Computer/senior fire direction
specialist-combines data provided by
other personnel. He determines and
announces firing data and fire commands.
He also records mission-related data and
other information, as directed, and
determines GFT settings.
(4) Horizontal control operatorconstructs the primary firing chart,
determines and announces chart data, and
checks firing data with the GFT fan.
(5) Vertical control operatorconstructs the secondary firing chart, checks
chart data, determines and announces site,
and provides corrections to firing data, by
platoon, from hasty correction tables, as
required.
(6) RATELO-receives/records call
for fire and maintains communications.
b.
Mission Processing.
4-4.
BATTALION FDC
FM 6-40
Figure 4-6.
Table 4-2.
BATTERY
BATALION
FIRE DIRECTION
FIRE DIRECTION
CENTER
CENTER
Tactical fire direction Technical fire direction
Control of mass fires Attack of other targets
as assigned
Technical backup to
battery FDCs
Control of scheduled
f ires
Data update
4-5.
3x8 OPERATIONS
FM 6-40
4-6.
FM 6-40
C hart
data the
consist
ofunit
range,
deflectarto the
firing
tion from
get, and angle T. These three elements
may be determined by either electronic
(TACFIRE, BCS, HHC, and FADAC) or
manual means. The manual method
requires the construction and operation
of a firing chart.
a. There are two types of firing
charts that may be constructed in the
FDC: the surveyed firing chart and the
observed firing chart.
(1) The surveyed firing chart is a
chart on which the locations of all
required points (battery or platoon [3x8]
positions, registration points [reg pt],
and observation posts [OP]) are plotted.
These locations can be based on survey
or map inspection. All plotted points are
in correct relation to one another and
reflect actual map coordinates.
Additional information such as
locations of targets, maneuver
Section I
5-1.
DESCRIPTION
I-
FM 6-40
5-2.
CONSTRUCTION OF
FIRING CHARTS
a.
Grid Sheet.
Section II
5-3.
CHART OPERATION
5-4.
EQUIPMENT
FM 6-40
grid coordinates. The scale is graduated in
meters and yards at scales of 1:25,000 and
1:50,000. The meters scale is graduated every
20 meters, and locations can be visually
interpolated to the nearest 1 meter. Care must
be taken not to confuse the meters and yards
scales on this instrument. Paragraph 5-5
details the procedure for plotting points with
the aluminum plotting scale.
TOP
0I
SIDE
Figure 5-1.
Figure 5-2.
1a
8S9986
I Z L S09L86
000 S7 1 0001
000Z
SaUVA
C
0
S
000 0: 1
0 00S 0001 00S8 000Z
00S
2000
9
0001
I
6
5
4
2000
0
10
z
1E
0001
V
9
OHSI
ISoo
3
2
1
1000
1000
0000
500
6
0000
l..
,r~
,
...
METERS
9
8
6
25 000 2
1000
9 8 7 65 4 3 21.
900if98765432 1
5-.
.pl
Fi r.. Aluminu
..............
2000
Figure 5-3.
5-3
FM 6-40
'A,
Figure 5-4.
e. Range-Deflection Protractor.
The range-deflection protractor (fig 5-4) is
used to measure angles in mils and distances
in meters. It is used to measure range and
deflection from a firing unit to a target and
direction and distance from an observer to a
target.
(1) The left edge of the instrument is the
arm and is used to measure range or distance.
It is graduated in 50-meter increments and
labeled every 500 meters on a scale of
1:25,000. Ranges and distances are visually
interpolated to an accuracy of 10 meters.
(2) The 1,000-mil arc of the RDP is
graduated in 5-mil increments. The 50-mil
increments are indicated by longer
graduations and are permanently numbered.
The arc is visually interpolated to an
accuracy of 1 mil.
(3) There are four different RDP
models. They differ by maximum range of the
arm (12,000, 15,000, 25,000, and 30,000
meters).
5-4
f. Target Grid.
(1) Description. The target grid is a
circular paper or plastic device on which grid
lines are printed (DA Form 4176 [Target
Plotting Grid Field Artillery Graduated in
Mils and Meters Scale 1:25,000]). These lines
match the scale of the 1:25,000 firing chart,
dividing a 1,000-meter grid square into
100-meter squares. An azimuth scale is
printed around the outside edge of the target
grid. It is graduated in 10-mil increments and
is numbered every 100 mils. An arrow
extends across the center of the target grid
and is used to indicate the observer-target
(OT) line (or other line of known direction).
The target grid should be labeled as shown in
figure 5-5. Tape may be applied to the reverse
side of the target grid to prevent the center
hole from becoming enlarged.
(2) Purpose and Use. The target
grid is used for plotting the positions of
targets located by shift from a known point
FM 6-40
5-50
POINT PLOTTING
(3)
Figure 5-5.
Figure 5-6.
fig5-6).
5-5
FM 6-40
Figure 5-7.
5-6
FM 6-40
Figure 5-8.
Figure 5-9.
5-7
FM 6-40
_______________________________________________________________
are--
I
I
Figure 5-12.
5-6.
TICK MARKS
Figure 5-10.
Figure 5-13.
Figure 5-11.
5-8
FM 6-40
01
cs.
1977
%~
IB
424 1
400
A
(SYMBOL IN
GREEN)
(LABELING OF TICK
MARKS SHOULD
BE KEPT WITHIN
QUADRANTS AS ICS
12131
MUCH AS
4151
POSSIBLE.)
Note:
068
(TICK MARK
IN BLUE)
I0
.
REG2
PT
4301
3001
5001
CHG 51 CS
2131
HA
(ALT)
376
I VT
I (FZ IN FFE)
Tick marks.
5-9
FM 6-40
Figure 5-15.
5-7.
CONSTRUCTION OF
AZIMUTH INDEXES
Figure 5-16.
FM 6-40
Table 5-1.
Indexing procedures.
is 0.
1000.
3000.
4000.
Figure 5-17.
Preparing an index.
5-11
FM 6-40
-_, _TEMPORARY
5000 AZIMUTH
- I-DEX-
1,000 MILS"-
_0
th_
5-8.
4%
Figure 5-18.
CONSTRUCTION OF
DEFLECTION INDEXES
Figure 5-19.
5-12
FM 6-40
DEFLECTION IS LABELED
WITHRED PENCIL
DEFLECTION
Figure 5-20.
Figure 5-21.
Figure
5-22.
5-13
FM 6-40
Figure 5-23.
*-
'3 ,--
377------------------------------------------
5-14
--
--
-24.-
- he-rimay-delecton-idex
- - - - - --
FM 6-40
- -
- -
4P
1.I
Figure 5-25.
l l
i ll-2-70i
Figure 5-26.
5-9.
! !
6,400-MIL CHARTS
FM 6-40
Figure 5-27.
5-10.
METHODS USED IN
PLOTTING TARGETS
FM 6-40
Figure 5-28.
EXAMPLE:
Figure 5-29.
EXAMPLE:
Observer reports:
SHIFT REGISTRATION POINT 1,
DIRECTION 1100, LEFT 500,
DROP 2500, OVER.
Figure 5-30.
5-17
FM 6-40
Section III
CHART DATA
5-11.
GUN-TARGET LINE
0a1\
\ I,
5-12.
Figure 5-31.
Figure 5-32.
5-18
Angle T.
ANGLE T
FM 6-40
5-14.
MANUAL-TO-
COMPUTER OR
CHART-TO-CHART
CHECKS
a. One chart will differ slightly from any
other because of small differences in
construction caused by human limitations in
reading the graphical equipment. Because of
these differences, the following tolerances
between charts are permissible:
Range/distance: 30 meters
Azimuth/deflection: 3 mils
Figure 5-33
Determine angle T
(tail to-tail).
5-13.
SUBSEQUENT
CORRECTIONS
FM 6-40
EXAMPLE:
Enter center of battery coordinates and altitude as gun 12 in BCS;PIECESformat
in an ON (Y) status.
FM;RFAF
Enter grid intersection coordinates and altitude of target.
CORD: 68000/38000/361
PTF (adjustingpiece to fire): 12
EXECUTE
FM;SUBS
EXECUTE
5-20
TG T: ABO021
REP: X
ALT: 361
GTRG:
GTAZ:
FM 6-40
T here
are three
informationof a
the processing
incritical
al messages
Section I
FIRE ORDER
6-1.
DEFINITION
6-2.
CONSIDERATIONS IN
ATTACKING A TARGET
FM 6-40
6-3.
FM 6-40
Table 6-1.
ELEMENTS
UNIT TO FIRE
BATTERY
BATTERY
ADJUSTING ELEMENT/
METHOD OF FIRE OF
ADJUSTING ELEMENT
BCU SELECTS/(Q
BCU
BCU
DISTRIBUTION
BCU SHEAF/DEFAULT
CIRCULAR 100-METER
TARGET RADIUS
BCU SHEAF/DEFAULT
CIRCULAR 100-METER
TARGET RADIUS
PROJECTILE
HE
DPICM
AMMUNITION LOT
AND CHARGE
FUZE
POINT DETONATING
TIME
NUMBER OF ROUNDS
RANGE SPREAD,
LATERAL SPREAD,
ZONE OR SWEEP
HIGH ANGLE
TIME OF OPENING FIRE
WHEN READY
WHEN READY
TARGET NUMBER
6-4.
FM 6-40
6-5.
BATTALION FIRE
ORDERS
6-6.
BATTERY-LEVEL FIRE
ORDERS
FM 6-40
If other
ELEMENT
CURRENT STANDARD
UNIT TO FIRE
BATTERY
ADJUSTING ELEMENT/METHOD OF
FIRE OF ADJUSTING ELEMENT
NEXT PIECE/Q
FASTEST METHOD
DISTRIBUTION
PROJECTILE
FUZE
NUMBER OF ROUNDS
WHEN READY
TARGET NUMBER
6-5
FM 6-40
Section II
FIRE COMMANDS
6-7.
DEFINITION
WHEN ANNOUNCED
SEQUENCE OF ELEMENTS
INITIAL FIRE
COMMAND
SUBSEQUENT FIRE
COMMAND
1. WARNING ORDER
ALWAYS
NEVER
2. PIECES TO FOLLOW/
WHEN APPLICABLE
WHEN CHANGED
PIECES TO FIRE'/
METHOD OF FIRE
WHEN CHANGED
WHEN CHANGED
5. AMMUNITION LOT'
WHEN CHANGED
6. CHARGE
ALWAYS
WHEN CHANGED
7.
FUZE'/FUZE SETTING'
WHEN CHANGED
8.
DEFLECTION
ALWAYS
WHEN CHANGED
9. QUADRANT ELEVATION
ALWAYS
ALWAYS
WHEN APPLICABLE
WHEN CHANGED
3.
SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS
DO NOT LOAD
AT MY COMMAND
HIGH ANGLE
USE GUNNER'S QUADRANT
AZIMUTH
SPECIAL CORRECTIONS
SWEEP/ZONE FIRE
4.
PROJECTILE'
'These elements may be designated as standard only if in the manual mode. Elements so designated will be
announced only when something other than standard is to be fired.
6-6
FM 6-40
6-8.
FIRE COMMAND
ELEMENTS
FM 6-40
6-9,
STANDING
OPERATING
PROCEDURES
6-10,
OTHER FIRE
COMMANDS
effect will be
announced by voice command after quadrant
elevation (for example, 2 ROUNDS, FUZE
VT IN EFFECT). This command allows the
nonadjusting elements to prepare the
ammunition for the fire-for-effect phase of
the mission.
6-8
EOM.
FM 6-40
6-11.
REPORTS
6-12.
REPETITION AND
CORRECTION OF FIRE
COMMANDS
Section III
MESSAGE TO OBSERVER
6-13.
DEFINITION
FM 6-40
6-14.
ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION
FM 6-40
Field
Section I
MEANS OF
DETERMINING FIRING
DATA
7-2.
DESCRIPTION AND
FM 6-40
Figure 7-1.
FM 6-40
INote.
7-3.
CONSTRUCTION OF
GFT SETTINGS
XY).
S(4) GFT setting range (chart range or
achieved range used in computing the GFT
setting) (for example, Rg 4860).
7-3
FM 6-40
Figure 7-2.
7-4.
DETERMINATION OF
FIRING DATA BY USE OF
THE GFT SETTING
FM 6-40
Figure 7-3.
Not used.
FM 6-40
Figure 7-4.
7-6
FM 6-40
Section II
7-5.
DESCRIPTION
Figure 7-5.
7-6.
CONSTRUCTION OF
A GFT SETTING
ON A GFT FAN
FM 6-40
r
7-7.
DETERMINATION
OF FIRING DATA
WITH THE GFT FAN
Section III
STANDARDS
of
as
Of
to
FM 6-40
7-9.
ELEMENTS AND
PURPOSE OF THE TFT
Section IV
DESCRIPTION
7-10.
MOW155 mmS036W0do
FT 155-AM-2
PROJ HEMIOT
__'--_,
4GB
TAG
6200TAG
e6o3,,0
Tb55
0....9o&
".-
,.
TAG
44
14' '
fou
b_
7WB
-ow3GB
FT7 7WB
Figure 7-6.
'
TA801
14
Imo.
7-9
FM 6-40
12
10
8
ANGLE OF SITE
MILS
4
2
=COMP
5000
6000
7000
ANGLE OF SITE
8000
9000
RANGE (METERS)
Figure 7-7.
7-11.
DETERMINATION
OF VERTICAL
INTERVAL
FM 6-40
EXAMPLE:
The VI is +37 meters and the range is 5,460
meters. To compute the angle of site, move
the hairlineover 37 on the D-scale. Move the
slide until 5460 on the C-scale is under the
hairline.Read 691 opposite the Mgage point.
The largest value that does not exceed 37 is
6.91. The VI is plus; therefore, the angle of
site is +6.91 expressed as +7 mils (fig 7-8).
RANGE 5460
7-12.
COMPUTATIONS WITH
THE GST
C-SCALE
D-SCALE
VERTICAL
INTERVAL +37
Figure 7-8.
c.
ANGLE OF SITE
+6.91
+7 MILS
Computation of VerticalAngle.
FM 6-40
(3) Read the value opposite the M-gage
point. Determine the decimal point location,
express the result to the nearest 1 mil, and use
the same sign as that of the vertical interval.
EXAMPLE:
The VI is +37 meters and the range is 5,480
meters. Charge 4GB GST 155-AM-2 is used.
To compute the site, move the hairline over
37 on the D-scale. Move the slide until range
5480 on the site-range scale (chg 4, TAG) is
under the hairline. Read 788 opposite the M
gage point. Site is +8 mils (+37 1 5 rough
division). See figure 7-9.
EXAMPLE:
VI is +37 meters and range is 5,480 meters.
Charge4GB GST155-AM-2 is used. Angle of
site is +6.9 mils. Site is +7.9 mils. Therefore,
comp site is (+7.9) - (+6.9) = 1.0 mil.
Figure 7-9.
e.
Comp
mil.
(3) Algebraically subtract the angle of
site from site.
(4) The remainder, with its sign, is
comp site to the nearest 0.1 mil.
7-12
EXAMPLE:
Site, range, and charge are known. The site is
+5 mils and the range is 4,650 meters. Charge
4GB GST 155-AM-2 is used. Compute the
vertical interval. Move the slide until the M
gage point is opposite Son the D-scale. Move
the hairline over range 4650 on the charge 4
TAG site-range scale. Read 211 under the
hairline on the D-scale. The VI is therefore
+21 meters ([+5] x [4.65).
g. Limitations of the GST. The angle
of site limitation for use of the GST is 100
mils, because at this point, the mil relation
begins to break down, and an error exceeding
1 mil is introduced. When the angle of site
exceeds 100 mils, use the following formula
Tan ,4 site = VI/R.
EXAMPLE:
Vertical interval = 600 meters
Chart range = 5,000 meters
Tan 2 site = 600 - 5000 = 0.12000
4f site tan 0.12 (TM 6-230, table IV) = 122
mils
FM 6-40
Then compute site as described in paragraph
7-15. If the limitations are not exceeded, the
maximum error in computations obtained
with the GST will not exceed 1 mil.
7-13.
DETERMINATION OF
ANGLE OF SITE AND
VERTICAL ANGLE
WITHOUT A GST
451 meters
Target altitude
421 meters
7-14.
-30 meters
OP altitude
Add VI
Target altitude
-10 meters
DETERMINATION
OF VERTICAL
INTERVAL
WITHOUT A GST
7-15.
-6.4, = -6 meters
263 meters
+ (-6) meters
257 meters
DETERMINATION OF
COMPLEMENTARY
ANGLE OF SITE
WITHOUT A GST
FM 6-40
EXAMPLE:
FT 155-AM-2, charge 4GB, is used. Battery
altitude is 270 meters, target altitude is 301
meters, and chart range is 4,710 meters.
Compute the site.
Computation of VI:
Target altitude
Subtract battery
altitude
301 meters
-270 meters
+ 31 meters
VI
7-17.
AVERAGE SITE
x 7.1 mils
+0.7313,
+0.7 mil
b.
EXAMPLE 2:
FT 155-AM-2, charge 4GB, is used. Chart
range is 6,500 meters and angle of site is -1.2
mils (target below battery position).
Compute the comp site. Computation of the
comp site factor for a -1 mil angle of site
(table G, column 13, TFT 155-AM-2) is
-0.238. Comp site is -0.3 mil.
7-16.
DETERMINATION OF
SITE WITHOUT A GST
Figure 7-10.
FM 6-40
Figure 8-1.
8-1
FM 6-40
altitude than that of the actual target,
site is determined on the basis of an
incorrect altitude. The observer sends a
correction of DROP 400. The data are
computed to cause the round to impact at
point A, because no adjustment has been
made to altitude. The projectile
continues and impacts over the target.
In figure 8-2, it can be seen that with the
observer's next correction (DROP 50),
accurate fire for effect is obtained. It can
also be seen that there is a difference
between the final pin location on the
firing chart and the actual target
location. Target replot is required to
correct for this error. Replot procedures
use successive approximation for fuzes
Figure 8-2.
Section I
MANUAL PROCEDURES
8-1.
POINT-DETONATING
AND VARIABLE TIME
FUZE (M728) REPLOT
FM 6-40
RECORD OF FIRE
TGT 380
CALLFORFIRE
GH-3
Observer
37-R Y 35
Tgt
AF(SIS/S
Grid:
Vl
Dis
Polar:Dir
Shift A,7O 5 0
U/D
Sp Insr
SPEC
MTO J(
Tgt
Dir, MF
MF, Sh,
FS
Corr
Chg,Fz
Corr
,ir
,,,,
PT
__
...
_ .
oREC
1
R3 o
EOM'
EST
-j
HCO
Cr
Ti
FzVT
Ti.
FIRECOMMANDS
SUBSEQUENT
Df Corr
Df
Chart
Rg
Fired
( )
3209 L30 i
O 3 20o9 R 8 32.
: :v
.......................
209 R38
,I7
B
1t
CM
Btry "
.h
.Lot
FORM
4504
DA 1OCT
7845
2~
GE
AmmoExI
L.T
NOB
Corr
Si
-I
,
250
_ o
Typ
Type
,o
:ii:i:i:!:i:ii!:ii::i:l:::i
017?
3)5*05o
Exp
QE
El
t7 249 i
X
..
........................
1-A:X::
0...
...........
::!:!:
.......................
......
....
........
.........
i
,:
. : .. .....
. . .. .
R...........
. . . . . . ........
O-A_1_51
TR
DTG,
+7
El
F5
__VCQ
--.
Chart
Df
...,
Wg~-~D
... :..:..:..'::.-.:
-:
.....................
.i~~~~ii!i
!i..iii
" F-
&NCO
b
REpLOTR
;*-3
5/
::..
:.:.:.
::...
:::::..
::::::.
...........
....
RC
HC0
0/
5
NOBCorr
si
Rg.360Ch...30
"Chg
Unit
LocationPriority Firing
DeM
Rg
NOB
___L
PrT
Si-io
in Eff
____
MCO
VCQ
CMPI
AMC,
CORR
____
______
CM
.4
DfCorr
MF....
Sh, Fz
A5ToT,
U/D
)4TITF
I01-R 26
2I
A MOC
FIREORDER
INITIALFIRECOMMANDS
AFS
L5
DFT
VA
2 0 0
L5
Dir 0 54-O
GFT R 5
..........
-fCO
.......-..........
41A
TtAA7O60
ReplotGrid
61 163660
REPLACES
DA FORM4504, I MAY76 , WHICNIS OBSOLETE
Figure 8-3.
.....................
IR, otA'tZ56O
FORUSEOFTHISFORM,
SEE
F 6-40;
THEPROPONENT
AGENCY
ISTRADOC
8-3
8-3 FOLDIN
FM 6-40
Table 8-1.
COMPUTER
STEP
HORIZONTAL
CONTROL
OPERATOR
VERTICAL
CONTROL
OPERATOR
Determines range:
Range corresponding to first apparent
elevation 249 = 4050
Announces:
REPLOT
DEFLECTION
RANGE
Measures and
Plots grid.
announces
Determines altitude:
grid to VCO:
355
Altitude
GRID 61163651
Determines vertical
interval:
VI = 355 - 355 = 0
FOLDOUT 8-3
8-4
Plots grid.
Determines altitude: 360
Determines vertical
interval: +5
FM 6-40
Table 8-1.
COMPUTER
STEP
HORIZONTAL
CONTROL
OPERATOR
VERTICAL
CONTROL
OPERATOR
REPLOT GRID:
61173659
Computes second:
apparent site:
GST +5/4140
Second apparent site = +1
Announces: SITE ALFA +1
Announces:
REPLOT
DEFLECTION
RANGE
3187
4130
360
announces:
REPLOT GRID
61163660. He
then tick marks
in black and
labels the final
pin location.
10
8-2.
EXAMPLE:
COMPUTER
STEP
1 Determines final ground QE:
Final QE (374) - 20/R (x4) = 370
2
8-5
FM 6-40
Figure 8-4.
8-3.
MECHANICAL TIME
FUZE REPLOT
Time replot.
FM 6-40
RECORD OF FIRE
2
H5PH
""mnG
.,=C2113
"11G.36
& q3
r,
Die
Shi -
TREN
Z
9
FiREORE
rE_
U/B
WIDr:D
ir +*p'u/c
Y 35-5
5
O Corr
2.13-5"
Lb
2o/B
NOBCorr
lOmSi
i--10
"1
'i '/cC
T.
t 10
VI
VA
Am
FTRS
Lr5
DG FT
6.
GT
Tg
Tot-rR
CALLIFOR
/FiRE
s
Si
..............
KFM:
INITIALFIRECOMMANDS
MF.STR
... AS4t
Tgt
MF
F,
0700
Forr
FS
Ft
Chart
Df
t3/90
-so
97
---
I.
-........
3/97
......
:;
-].:
X:..T
:::
.. . .
.. ...
R44IZON/TAL
EOM P/s7f'ME
STEP
1S~TE
DI
Fired
Df Corr
(0)
Chart
tg
1(t5I0
Z2
,E :
f
NOB Si
Corr (tZ)
Exp
El
fl
Type
-tn1
_22
1-13291
291
R60
121..T..
...
itL
iiii~
ii
ii
iii
.......
::........ .........
.............
'5
::X:
.::
....
:.:
..
:..:
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FIRECOMMANDS
SUBSEQUENT
, unit
LocetionPriorityliring
MF Sb
y
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ee
r-i
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, ,,,,
cLot
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i
...
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.........
timefuze
Figur
5 8 ompleed rcord.f.fir.MLR.001/aoaZR
xampl of rplot issio-timefuze
Table8-2.
COMUTER
IJ.
HORIZONTA...VERTICA
CONTROL.CONTRO
OPERATO
PERATOR
.........
..... .. ........
COMUTNEOERPRROPOENTAGESTORAC
Places the time gage line over the final time and
determines replot information:
Reads information from MHL:
22
10/R
4560
Replot Range
Reads information from elevation gage line:
288
True elevation
L6
Drift
Determines total replot deflection correction:
GFT deflection correction (R5) + drift (L6) = Li
Determines replot deflection:
Final piece deflection (3188)- total replot
Deflection correction (Li) - 3187
8-7
FM 6-40
Table 8-2.
IL
A
------ J L
Announces:
REPLOT
DEFLECTION
RANGE
VERTICAL
CONTROL
OPERATOR
HORIZONTAL
CONTROL
OPERATOR
COMPUTER
STEP
3187
4560
Polar plots data
and announces:
REPLOT GRID
61153720.
Determines
target altitude.
-1
True ground site
x4560
X range (GST)
-4
VI
355
+battery altitude
Announces:
REPLOT ALTITUDE 351
11
It
IL
Section II
CO MPUTER PROCEDUWES
g=4.
FADAC REPLOT
g-5.
BATTERY COMPUTER
SYSTEM REPLOT
FM 6-40
COMPUTATION SPACE
USED BY THE COMPUTER TO RECORD AND
DETERMINE PERTINENT DATA.
Poiw:Ofr
oil
Smft
Uo ______
VA
A0uqw
M. 21a
fVCP
is
I
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loss i
b
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9,8
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Osre146CALL
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in
MffA"
Lxp
MTO BLOCK
USED BY THE COMPUTER TO RECORD THE
MESSAGE TO OBSERVER (MTO), ANGLE T,
AND PROBABLE ERROR IN RANGE. TIME
OF FLIGHT IS RECORDED WHEN SENT TO THE
OBSERVER, OR IT MAY BE RECORDED IN
PARENTHESES IF DETERMINED AND NOT
SENT TO THE OBSERVER.
Figure 9-1.
9-1
FOLDOUT 9-2
FM 6-40
FOLDIN 9-2
FORUSEOFTHISFORM,SEE
FM 6-4
THEPROPONENT
AGENCY
IS TRADO
COMPUTATION SPACE
USED TO RECORD SURVEILLANCE AND FOR
ANYINECESSARY COMPUTATIONS.
Figure 9-2.
9-2
FM 6-40
the processing and determination of
data. It is used for the following:
(1)
Section I
HIGH-EXPLOSIVE MUNITIONS
9-1.
CHARACTERISTICS
9-2.
COMPUTATIONS FOR
HIGH-EXPLOSIVE
PROJECTILES
FM 6-40
9-3.
SAMPLE MISSEONS
LCOL7D OF FILIE
Observer.
6422
6jORSis
Polor:Dir
Ois
U/D
+1-
.2/R
Corr'i
INITIAL
FliECOMMAI4DS
AF
Let
SpIsrSb
~J
LOC
T~
Cbg
Unit
Dow
HOD
Corr
MIF,Sb,
C F,F:
i
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.
1: OCT 70 45O
THE
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IS...T.AD.C
Figu9-Lwag
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DA FOaM45W, 1 MAY76, VOICUI$ OIElTt
Figure 9-3.
9-4
I____
U,
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El
2 4
IFO
..
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..
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1 RKIM
cali7
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M
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A.. AELW
.
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iority FiringSUBSEQUENT
Lctin
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ALT6r3 6$5
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FOO
P1121
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FM 6-40
fil
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ODE
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li
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Figure 9-4.
Cprr
il
IC t
NOl1Corr
l r iiO
10mnSi
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l em
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IS
Si-+-10
C
M 07ti1-0"0/1
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f
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pot
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Grid
p.Iot
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p
1
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FF SSI
71
Observer
Cr
...........
...
NCa 55- i
....
,...............
....................
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a....
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Figure9
ange 5adjst
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F il
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e 9---a
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FM 6-40
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DAtFOat)4504,1 ItIAT76 , L1lC11IS OUSOLETE
Figure 9-6.
T0-i
-------
....................
12,2
=::::'+'
. .....
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335
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DFT L7
FOQi
USEOF 11lSFO~). SEUL 6-40;
NUMBER OF
9-49
APCM PIROJECTILES
CALIBER
PROJECTILE
105 mm
M444
155 mm
M449series
203 mm
M404
GRENADES
Jf
18
60
104
FM 6-4()
zooo
HOW 155 mm
1S5AM2HEMI07
CHARGE 5GB
O(4)
Tables D, E, and F.
These tables
jd
Figure 9-7.
FT
155 ADD-I-1
TABLE
QUADRANT
QUADRANT
CORRECTIONS TO
ELEVATION
QUADRANT ELEVATION
FOR
FOR PROJECTILE,
PROJ, M107 M449AI1
M449
M449E1
ItS
325
42
330
335
340
345
41
41
40
40
350
355
360
365
370
375
380
385
390
395
.1LS
CHARGE
46G
TABLE S
FUZE
1
78
N564
FUZE SETTlING
FOR
PROJ, M107
RANGE
TO
IMPACT
9.6-10.6
10.7-14.2
14.3-17.8
-1.3
METERS
MILS
MILS
38
39
11.2
7.1
3.7
5833
17.9-20.8
-1.0
37
36
36
35
39
35
37
37
11.1
11.0
10.9
10.8
7.2
7.3
7.5
7.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.5
5883
5933
5982
6032
20.9-23.3
23.4-25.4
25.5-27.1
27.2-28.5
-0.9
-0.8
-0.?
-0.6
39
34
36
10.7
7.7
3.5
6080
26.6-29.7
39
38
38
38
34
33
32
32
36
35
35
34
10.7
10.6
10.6
10.5
7.9
81O
8.1
8.3
3.5
3.4
3.4
3.4
6129
6178
6226
6273
29.8-30.8
30.9-31.6
31o7-32.4
32.5-33.0
8.4
3-.3
6321
33. L-3.
3.3
3.3
3.2
3.2
6368
6414
6461
650?
33.6-34.0
34.1-34.4
34.5-34.8
34.9-35.1
31
1i
10.5
33
31
30
30
29
33
33
32
32
10.4
10.4
10.3
10.3
8.5
8.7
8.8
9.0
400
36
29
31
10.3
9.1
3.2
6552
35. 2-35.4
405
410
415
420
36
35
35
35
28
28
-27
27
31
30
30
30
10.3
10.2
10.2
10.2
9.3
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.1
6597
6642
6686
6730
35.5-35.6
35.7-35.8
35.9-36.0
36.1-36.2
9.6
9.8
.
3
....
CORRECTIONS TO FS
FOR AN INCREASE OF
100 METERS
50 METERS
IN HEIGHT
IN RANGE
0.0
0.1
-1.1
-.1.1
0.1
0.5
-1.1
-1.1
-1.1
-1.1
-1.1
-1.1
-li O
-1.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.7
-1.0
0.2
0.7
-1.0
-0.9
-0.9
-0.9
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.8
0.9
0.9
1.0
-1.1
-1.1"
-1.1I
-1.1
________ I
1....
..
0.4
0.4
0.4
'
0.0
S -1.1
-0.9
0.3
1.1
0.1
S -1.1
-1.1
-1.1
-I1
-0.8
-0.8
-0.8
-0.8
0.4
0.4
0.5
0.5
06"
1.2
1.3
1.5
1.6
0.2
0.3
0.4
-1.1
0.5
1
-1.3
-1.2
-1.2
-1.1
t,=
155 ADO-I-1
-1.2
-1.1
-1.1
U.
-0.4
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
37
37
36
36
9.4
-0.5
F
$
37
METERS
t
. .
II
ORRECTIONS TO
FUZE SETTING
OR PROJECTILE,
M449AI
M449
449E1
CORRECTIONS TO
CORR
QUAD ELEV
FOR LOW
FOR AN INC OF
LEVEL
50 M
100 M WINO OF
IN HGT
IN RG
1 KNOT
MILS
FT
SETTING
ELEVATION
il PIL
II
NILS
CHARGE
4G
M449 scale.
0.4
0.7
0.8
0.9
-0.?
-1.1
-1.1
-1.1
-1.1
1.8
4-
-0.7
-0.7
-0.7
-0.7
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.8
2.0
mmmmpmmmm
Figure 9-8.
9-7
9-7
FM 6-40
Figure 9-9.
FOLDOUT 9-7
9-8
II
FM 6-40
d.
(c)
Subsequent FiringDataComputa-
SMOKE PROJECTILES
9-5.
a.
Types.
Quick smoke.
9-9
FM 6-40
o Sheaf: Parallel.
o
EXAMPLE:
Weather conditions are observed as
favorable with 10-knot winds. The total
number of rounds to fire per tube is five, with
a rate of fire of one round per minute (min).
3
3L
265
o, 6'.
TF/S/
91
Dfr
Sbift
SCREaM
FlatODER
mREELJNE
A -.
b c
7g
,A C
7IE
-45Si
lom Si
10
fig
9
HOD
Corr
d
Lot
4 iEFS
2I
ao
a10
;+,
Chg.
HOD
Corr
g5/30
,+
S
______
IDTi;
Fe.i....G
SM
n
7? 6L-sST
Tg
o~inPriority+Firing
iSUBSEQUENT
Locotion -
D MF
IDe
z-.
Sb
/A.FS
20/0
Corei
Spletir
T$t
MFIPJGHTECW4!
mT)
1F_-tL7
"Df
1I11TIAL
FIRECOMMANDS
M OG ,T9PSA
GFT
,
-.
U/D
L/a
CfRoSwniM
500
3-7 3
16
,VA
U/D
Dis
Polar:Dir
Fz
i1n"Eff Ammoispyy
FIRECOMMANDS
FS
MF. S,
Chort
Of Corr
Chort
Of
HOB
Si
Type
lip
E1
El
Fired
(
D
. Corr
Cfg, F
.......
::
k i
i'~
.............
i:~
i~
i:iii'
: lIg Corr (
+'
:::,
::l
.....
.
i i~i
iiiiiii'i',i?
?i-o )i
;
..........
(
i]
....
.
(2
...
:::::::::::::::::::::
.........
...
+...
...
:::,
, .,:.
....
+,
,,,
,.o
o.-: !'
:i',iii',iiii:i,14
:'iii
iiiY <
...S M'......
...
tQ........
.......... ...
................................................
:,
,:+
,i~
ii''
'::?..........
-,
- -,
Mw
............
i:iiii:----l:ii:!
i:::i:::
:::l
;a9 3 J,
i~
i:::E:i
:i::::
US ....-
.... t.D..G.S./..
F -1
igu .
re 9
Figur.....e
9
Quc
9-10
..................
.......................
le
smoke ison
p...le..
FM 6-40
Controls the firing of the rounds in accordance with the rate of fire extracted
from the quick smoke tables once the
unit is in fire-for-effect phase.
Table 9-5.
DURATION REQUESTED BY
FORWARD OBSERVER (MINUTES)
WEATHER
WIND SPEED
CONDITIONS
"
IDEAL
FAVORABLE
Table 9-2.
WEAPON/
AMMUNITION
5
10
400
500
600
100
200
300
WP
200
300
400
100
200
300
HC
300
400
500
100
200
300
100
200
300
100
200
300
RATE OF-T
(KNOTS)
Table 9-6.
FIRE
_ROUNDS
1RD/1MIN
1 RD/24 SEC
1 RD/20 SEC
TI
213 4 5167
1RD/iMIN f43
1
0RD/3
SEC
11
PER TUBE
18
15
11(d11121314
4 5 678
91dl11121314
7 91 3 51 91212 5127
6419 2124P629 1 4
4 6 9 11
4 7 0 3 6 1922 25 28t 137$0
155 mm
DURATION REQUESTED BY
105 mm
WP
Platoons to fire
WIND SPEED
(KNOTS)
Table 9-3.
FAVORABLE
5
10
15
MARGINAL
DURATION REQUESTED BY
FORWARD OBSERVER (MINUTES)
WEATHER
WIND SPEED
CONDITION
(KNOTS)
IDEAL
FAVORABLE
FIRE
5
5
MARGINAL
Table 9-4.
RATE OF1
1RD/2 MIN
1 RD/2MIN
223313414 51 5 6677
10
15
1 RD/1 MIN
1 RD/40SEC
2 3 4 5 6
3 4 6 7 9
1 RD/40 SEC
3 4 6 7 9 1012 3T5168
Table 9-7.
22 3-3-4 45 5 6 6 7 7
78910h112h3
012 31516..[8b9
SMOKE CONDITION
(TEMPERATURE
GRADIENT)
IDEAL
(Inversion)
WIND SPEED
RATE OF1
FIRE
(KNOTS)
CONDITION
5
5
1 RD/2 MIN
1 RD/1MIN
1RD/3SEC
10
1 RD/20 SEC
__15
MARGINAL
5
I
2 3 4 5
1 1112131415
23
4
3414
5 6 7
51 4
FAVORABLE
61 617178 819
1
12
4 6 810121416180224 2630
6 9 12151821 27
0 33 3639 2 5
EXCEEDS RATE
I
5 6 7 8 91011 2131415
1 RD/40SEC
1 RD/31SEC
5
E141113141611 22123
68113
1RD/11SEC
!1 1
2 7 1 339
51 559
1iRD/10SEC
1622 28344 628
4
76 28
EXCEEDS RATE OF IR "
OF FIREL
9-11
4 5 6 7 8 9 0112 1 4 15
ROUNDS PER
TUBE
DURATION REQUESTED BY
FORWARD OBSERVER (MINUTES)
WEATHER
RATE OF
FIRE
MARGINAL
(Lapse)
for
smoke
. -
3L
FOLDIN
9-11
FM 6-40
INote.
require adjustment.
Figure 9-11.
FOLDOUT
9-11
9-12
FM 6-40
dictate which gun will fire the WP and which
will fire smoke, if applicable, for these
missions. The following is a list of immediate
smoke mission characteristics:
o Delivery technique: Immediate smoke
(point suppression). The immediate
smoke technique can be used in an
immediate suppression mission on a
target of opportunity by unit SOP. A
mix of WP and HC normally will follow
the initial suppression rounds when
immediate smoke is requested.
o Type of target: Point or small area of
150 meters or less.
o Number of guns: One platoon (two
guns). Responsiveness dictates that
immediate smoke missions be fired by
platoon.
o Type of ammunition: First rounds, WP
or HC; second rounds, HC; or all rounds,
M825 smoke.
o Sheaf: Platoon center to target center.
o Obscuration time: Thirty seconds to five
minutes.
o Command and control: By SOP and/or
approval of maneuver company
commander.
Note. Because speed is of the utmost
importance in an immediate type mission,
the hasty correction tables, while valid, may
be time consuming. Therefore, the
immediate smoke procedures call for use of
the alternate special correction method of
determining chart data from a plotted
platoon location on the firing chart. This
method negates the need for any platoon
corrections.
9-6.
ILLUMINATING
PROJECTILES
9-13
~RFM
6-40
illuminating models. These models are the
M118 and the newer M485A2 that has a
significant increase in illumination time.
C. Illumination is conducted by use of the
following techniques:
(1) The one-gun illumination pattern is
used when effective illumination can be
accomplished by firing one round at a time.
(2) The two-gun illumination pattern is
used when an area requires more
illumination than can be furnished by one
gun.
9-7. ELLUMINATING
PROJECTILE MANUAL
PROCEDURES
There are two manual methods that may be
used for computing data for the illuminating
round. One method uses a special
illuminating projectile GFT, and the other
method uses part 2 of the base HE tabularfiring table.
Figure 9-12.
9-14
FM 6-40
Figure 9-13.
9-15
FM 6-40
FFE/IS/$5Tgt
1b ---
ShiftME
-:
Grid:
Dis
LLJ--
MOUEM/2
S-&Li
JLLUAKA
srL
Spb
LocationPriority Firing
Unit
&R
HOB
Corr
MF,Sh,
FS
Chg,Ft
Corr
...
...
...
C.
I''
- 10
~ ~~
t?1.9
....
Chart
Of
T.
_______
CrrSi
hW
/.
I'I
Ti
FIRECOMMANDS
SUBSEQUENT
Df
Chart
O~fCorr
c4,,---,--=.:
E
Cht Di
PER
'
Chq
Fired
1;
MOB
...
,EfinAmm/lip
$i
El
Type
Corr
....
~/
201R
N!reS
OB Corr
SvS
.eplot.Grid.Replot.
Figure 9-14.
9-16
kfB
M
ASC.,,oggs,,LL,
Tgt
Dir, MF
ISs
+ SI-
.... ........
a gr
INITIALFIRECOMMANDS
MTO
LjFS
35
gT
T-.
VA
UID
A
ir --
Sf
[...
qa-15
1--
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FIRE
ORDfB
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.......
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FM 6-40
rcr6"
CALL
FORFIRE
Observe-AF/-/I
s/
,..
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Dki
Polor~le
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Chart
Of
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GE
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Figure 915.
,,,,.,.,
co....,,,,,.,
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Type
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FiRECOMMANDS
SUBSEQUENT
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Corr
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oO
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VA
Ul
li#.WF.
. k.,,
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37.5
r Y 35
...
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teafC
4f
ChrTYTo
Si
Siart
+10
Grid:it
V.I.....
irD
i.../0......
Polar:D
Oir
tO tsevA~k 7
Observe5
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orr
Df
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7,1.3II
Figure 9-1 6.
fired
g ~re
Grd
DTGAgAeplt
Brid
,,,,AA
uCor
e
CRg F:
/It
Rg
J.
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NSRe9lo
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Al
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9-17
FM 6-40
Section II
DUAL-PUIRPOSE DRPMOV/ED-OR9EV
Table 9-8.
WA7ORAL ML
9IIDTDOOII
DPICM/FASCAM projectiles.
IDPO Cpv
WEAPON
PROJECTILE
NUMBER OF SUBMUNITIONS
155 mm
M483A1
203 mm
M509E1
195 M42s
FASCA
ADAM
WEAPON
PROJECTILE
NUMBER OF MINES
155 mm
M692/M731
36
AL
WEAPON,
PROJECTILE
NUMBER OF MINES
155 mm
M718/M741
9-8. CHARACTERESTECS
Dual-purpose improved-conventional
munitions and the family of scatterable'
mines (FASCAM) are base-ejection,
payload-carrying rounds. They are fired with
MT fuzes (M577. or M724) and are filled with a
number of submunitions. During flight, the
base of the projectile is blown off, and the
submunitions are scattered about the target
area. Table 9-8 shows the number and type of
submunitions in the DPICM/FASCAM
rounds. The M825 enhanced smoke round is
another DPICM projectile.
FM 6-40
a. Upon receipt of a call for fire, the FDO
analyzes the target and announces his fire
order. Figure 9-17 shows a record of fire for a
DPICM mission.
RECORD OF FIRE
'
o63515H
Peihr:D~r Shift(
Shoift
cURFa ...
l
A
Di.
4W
Few:0
I ,
tK
TGT Z.4
NU
U/D
16
INS
lif,
Im
IIII
....
. ....
SpImtr
Tot
bk, MF
SFt,
P CAL
CORRECTiONSAt
t""Pri
Kg
Dcv
.
.Lot.Iy,
'
i III0I
IoIII
R2-
L5
,3,,
Ti
Ir S
DCU/D~
...
II
FS
orr
iue9-7
Chrt
of
Ti
DfCorr
()
..........
Xi
':.- -2
..........
-------K.7
Cheri
Of
Fired
Re
eor
1Z9.- ffre-PC
j,"
BA1AOC
FORM 454REPLACES
70
COT
u. (y
NOR Si
Cerr ()
El
. .
XX
DTG60.
,,,A
Tgt.C78
6RRp.t
IS OISOET
4504, 1 MAT74. WHICH
0* FORM
Figure.917.
msin
d
Tp
Ep
i':i', iiiiiiiiiii~iiiil
[.z
iiii~i~iiiii......"........-L'.......
AME~iiiiiiiiii'
/.
FIRECOMMANDS
MF,SII,
ORFitC
)
c44cqA(-rYRGFoT,
a.
20/3
of
gCI
a,,
unkitSUBSIvNT
NOR
Corr
(,FT
IW T
Is. SL
vP,
#F,,MF..R...:Chi
INITIA FiRECOMMANDS
cj5
%TRY
13$
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2
........
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)r
Rp
arcTTLY
.0l
Rcroi
9-19
FM 6-40
b. The RATELO announces the message
to observer.
c. The HCO determines and announces
chart data.
d. The computer announces initial fire
commands; places the MHL over the
announced range; and determines and
records elevation, drift, and the M577 fuze
setting from the appropriate gage line on the
base scale. The elevation and fuze setting
determined are for 0 meters height of burst
(graze-burst data).
9-20
j.
When all gun sections announce
READY, the FDO gives the command to fire.
k. If the observer sends the subsequent
correction that includes a height-of-burst
correction, the HCO orients the target grid,
plots the deviation and range correction, and
announces chart data.
FM 6-40
9-11.
COMPUTER
PROCEDURES FOR
DHICM
9-12.
FASCAM
PROQJTECTIWLES
9-21
FM 6-40
engineer officer, and the fire support
coordinator.
9-14. FASCAM
COMPUTATEfONS
The following are procedures to emplace a
planned minefield by use of the GFT and
TFT. Upon receipt of DA Form 5032-R (Field
Artillery Delivered Minefield Planning
Sheet) (fig 9-18), the FDO inspects sections A,
B, and C.
a. Section A has been completed by the
fire support coordinator at the requesting
unit. It identifies basic information about the
mission necessary for issuing a fire order and
computing data for a mission.
b. Section B has been completed by the
G3/S3/engineer. It includes remarks relative
to the mission.
c. Section C has been completed by the
fire support element (FSE)/FSO. It includes
remarks relative to the mission.
d. Section D will be completed by the
FDO. It will help him emplace the minefield.
(1) For planned minefields, the target
number is the same as that in section A, block
1. Unplanned minefields are given a target
number by the field artillery firing unit. If the
target is preplanned, the FDO fills in section
D, block 22, with the target number from
section A, block I (fig 9-18).
(2) The unit emplacing the minefield is
entered in section D, block 23 (fig 9-18).
9-22
FM 6-40
PRIORITY
TARGET NUMBER
MINEFIELD DEPTH
MINFFI[LD WIDTH
DE NSITY
RAAMS tA1)P
FRORM
(LONG-_13___I____
10
11
CAUTION
14
REMARKS
15
DTG RECEIlVED
17
REMARKS
12
REQUESTER
____24_4DM
13
APPROVAL AUTHORITY
DATI
SECTION B-G3/S3/ENGR
i16
{TG SAF
TY j(.)NFDISSI MINAT[ D
DTG TO UNIT
21
REMARKS
19
I20
DT(; 70(3(. S3
f N(;R
23
TARGET NUMBFR
24
lINING UNII
A
25
TRAJECTORY
ADAM.
HIGH
LOW
27
AIMPOINT COORDlNATf)S
28
29
REMARKS.
RAAMSj
HI(GH
j)
RANGI
t()MINEIELD (INTFR
-A-t4
276
I ()A
DILIVERY TI 'HNI()LJI
MI ) VI IANSI
( )51 Nye
145!
[Ii
Figure 9-18.
9-23
FM 6-40
9-15.
AEMPOENT SELECTEON
TABLES
Table 9-9.
f4
TABLE
TRANSFER/MET +VE
OBSERVERADJUST
-I[
JE,.
]!
J!
BMA&= 800MILS
BMA 800MILS
_J
][ j
]x x1
x
tIL
_
Table 9-10.
__XLx J I x
I[...!
]1X
X
xJ
.X
Xx
][ ]fx X
f83
i x
x
X!!
]I
][
_
x ][ IJ_1J
If6
fi1] 2If3
5
xj x ] x l1xi [
][
X
x
X
x
J(
__
100
4,000
6,000
RANGE
18,000
10,ooo0
(MiETERS)
12,000
2
2
2
3
16,000
17,500
4
4
9-24
3
3
3
4
4
5
5
5
4
4
4
5
5
5
ii 5
5
6
6
7
7
7
4 .4
4
4
4
800
900] 1,000
5
5
6
6
6
6
6
6 .ff 7 .7
7 7
7
8
7
7
7
8
8
8
8
9
- -
FM 6-40
Table 9-11.
4,000.1
6,000
8 00 0..
RANGE
(METERS)
100
200
1
1
2
22
10,000
12,000
141000
2
2
3
3
16,000
17,500
3
3
600
700
800
900
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
15
6
6
6
4
4
4
4
5
5
-7F-7
4
4
4
4
5
5
2
2
2
3
3
3
,3
-3
3
3
Table 9-12.
1,000
500
400
41246
300
H,
.7
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
7
7
RANGE
(METERS)
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4.
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
14,000
16,000
17,500
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
-4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
5
4.
9-25
FM 6-40
Table 9-13.
RANGE
(METERS)
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
17,500
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1,000
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
2.
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
3
3
3
a!I
Table 9-14.
3
3
3
vI
.3
4
4
4
4
I
RANGE
(METERS)
9-26
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
17,500
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
.5
5
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
6
6
5
5
6
6
.6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
7
7
1,000
6
6
r7
7
7
7
7
7
FM 6-40
Mine employment table 6.
Table 9-15.
Delivery Technique: Observer adjust
Shell: M718/741 (RAAMS)
Trajectory: Low angle
BMA: Equal to or less than 800 mils
RANGE
(METERS)
4,000
17,500
100.
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1,00
RANGE
(METERS).
4,000
1.7,500
100
200
"300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1,00
700
800
900
1,00
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
Table 9-17.
,
*
RANGE
(METERS)
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
.1,00
S17,500
100
200
300
400
500
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
'2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2'
2
2
2
3-"
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
"'
600
L4
4
4
9-27
FM 6-40
9-16.
LOCATION OF
AIMPOINTS
9-17.
NUMBER OF
PROJECTILES PER
AIMPOINT
The number of projectiles required to
achieve the desired density within, each
module (as defined by each aimpoint) is
determined by entering table 9-18. Entry
arguments are the projectile type, trajectory,
and desired density.
Figure 9-19.
Figure 9-20.
Table 9-18.
0.001
24
0.002
48
0.004
96
0.001
6
0.002
12
0.004
24
0.0005
3
0.001
6
0.002
12
9-28
FM 6-40
c. The HCO determines and announces
chart data to the minefield center, and the
VCO determines site.
EXAMPLE
On the basis of the minefield density
information from section A, block 7, of the
field artillery delivered minefield planning
sheet, the FDO determines that six rounds
should be fired at each aimpoint.
MANUAL DATA
DETERMINATION
9-18.
RECORD OF FIRE
CALLFilFRE
AF/FFEIISIS
Observer
Gri:A IMPo!'T:G
Poler:Dir
Shift
3/3
rFTFI
13,TR
TIt
flIllORDER
a_
INITIALFIRECOMMANDS
FM
A'P2AVrs
2.
,M F t
14
Des
600'
ig
-,
Fir
Unit
NOB
Cor
FiT'
Pit
fDCoryr5
D
II
,.
, ..
.....
. ..:::..........
Of
Ti
S -
..
.'..,..
..
...
1
in FEU Ammo op
iF
SUBSEQUENT
FIRECOMMANDS
U
Ti
FS
Corr
MF,Sh,
Chg, Fz
Chart
Dft
UI
Df Corr
)
W7717777777777771
;..2 +0 jib
NOB
Corr
ChtDf
Chg
FPriority
Location
cI
LT
2011
OmSi
Rg
.6
MTO
Ft
A\
:,
DpJL.
Igt
too01
NL
-+10
9Si
SPIns?;
Dir, MF
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)
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C][C4
, aFFEISPEC 9\E
?EST
I)F 7
VA
U/C
Dis
Dir
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NO@
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Corr (
sq/a
t5...
4 9
t:1
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5::+:::::
4
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..........---...
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Of
Fired
Z3.
.273
__
4
-- --
a,
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i,!!+!i:ii!!
:!i!!i!:iiii~ii~i~:
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....
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:
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17
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'""
w
!i+~i~~i........".....
)T
--w-----------.-
--------
DsrM
SR-NODE
IG
Ity
AFORM78 450
DAlOCT
45
4'THE
QETo
- /
RPLACES CA
) iTAL
AIM
. .......
I Tgt
.
PT.
Ac 7
'
Re.po,Grid
Figure 9-21.
./T.
.
Roo At....
FORPROPONENT
USEOFTHISAGENCY
FORM,SEE
FM6-40;
ISTIADOC
9-29
10
FM 6-AsO
SFIELD
TARGET
NUMMRL
2PPRIORITY13W
MINEFIELDDEPTH
MINEF
IfI. D WID7H
DCFNSiTV
ADAM i'APFR'SJ
RAAMStAi0 FENSI'~F
LD
10
,o SCHE
DUF0, ,NFFIf
9 SELF'DESTRUCTTIMJE
I1I
71ME
CAUTION NLTEMPLACFMFNT
14
REMARKS
MUUSTEUP
1 12
APPROVALAuTHOHIT7
'hE R l E. ues"r
13
OATFTIW G(.Wj
DT(,
sr-
SECTION B-G3/S3/ENGR
IS MINA71o
141 0T C'SAPFIV/ONI ) Uth|
DTG RECEIVED
15
217
REMARKS
SECTION C
OIT
OO DINAIS
Feld
Figue 9-2.
A[I
R 19
rtilery
,N OMU IT2)
ID~lGNI
ETIreDmnFDelD AT
FDC DATA
l,10GI
he
AD Mmsin
FM 6-40
GUN1
Ti (25.1) + (-0.1) = 25.0
Df (2856) + (R7) = 2849
= 445
QE (443).+ (+2)
GUN 2
Ti (25.1)'+ (-1.5) = 23.6
Df.(2856) + (L17) = 2873
QE (443)-+ (-28) = 415
9-19.
M825 PROJECTILE
9-20.
M825 COMPUTATION
BY USE OF THE GFT
AND TFT
9-31
FM 6-40
CALL
FOR
FIRE
40F/I$S
PL'
Observer
f194TeV2
89
ToTt..,
g
F"
6FF
0/
ZFs
Dt
Grid:
P lar:Dir..Din.U/D.VA20/
'N
PHiREOROPSh/4
3ft4
S (Fr
INITIAL
FIRE
COMMANDS
SpIntr
.4
Si+10
....
2Dt
g6'ThTC
ChtCl
F
IChg'
sh.Dp-g
Tgt
.%2
L
3)
'
Tif
11
totto
l
P.s
)Qj Eff Ammo Expn.
LFT.9EAITE4
P(BTFn
Locution
mf
oDv
IV ,itI
MOD Corr
Corr
-M tPfg
~ Ss UthP 4JJGT
los Si
SUBSEQUENT
FIDECOMMANDS
1119
OD
or
MF.Sht.
CoFz
PS
Corr
Ti
Char?
of
Df Corr
(LQI
Df
fired
NOB
Carr
Si
42)
lop
JVpe
..
i"....1
_.
Chars
fig
...
. ...
...
....
. ...
....
.
_
_.-...._...
_-
--
--
...
...
...
+.:.
....
+'
.!.
i-..
..i.-...
iii.-...
;.:
.........
ii
_--_-43----
IL
. ..-.
:..C
OTO.&
Utry
&f89
X.
go
1
Figure 9-23.
'~9T..
Table 9-19.
SCREEN
REQUIREMENT
Rapist
GridRpitAt
Relative humidity.
RELATIVE HUMIDITY
(PERCENT)
TABLE
80
50
20
80
50
20
9-20
9-21
9-22
9-23.
9-24
9-25
INFRARED
VISIBLE
FM 6-40
Table 9-20. M825-near infrared, 80 percent relative humidity.
I
_J
ATMOSPHERIC
CONDITIONS
FAVORABLE
MARGINAL
CROSS
ATMOSPHERIC
CONDITIONS
MARGINAL
h1 WEAPON)
90
200
400
650J1
400
900
1,300
1,400
90
200
400
600
35.5
10
200
600
1,600
1,900
80
200
390
550
12.5
15
100
400
1.600
2,000
70
180
370
550
1.5
11100
150
450
500
40
150
340
4401
1.5
1/2
1/2
CROSS
O S
...
HEAD/TAIL
BETE
RR U ND
(1 PLATOON)
I500
1,000
1,300
1,400
90
200
400
600
3.5
5.5
200
600
1,100
1,200
80
200
400
600
2.5
10
80
300
1,000
1,300
60
180
350
550
11.5
15
60
200
700
1,300
50
160
330
500
.5
60
150
350
450
30
100
300
350
I1/2
1/2
____
RATEOFFIRE
MINUTES
MINUTEs
BETE
1 ROUNDS
]LI3II
0
3ii0
,00
[350
800
1,300
150
500
1,000
1,100
70
200
400
550
FAVORABLE
10
50
250
700
1,100
50
160
330
SOO0101
15
5
30
1[40
150
_100
500
300
800
40
MAGIA
140
100
300
250
450
300
1.5
WIND
WIND DIRECTION
VELOCITY...BETWEEN
(KNOTS)I
K
)CROSSHEAD/TAIL(1WEAPON)
RATE OF FIRE
MINUTES
OBETWEEN
R OU N D S
(1 WEAPON)
..
__.
__
WIND DIRECTION
Table 9-22.
__,___,
][
PLATOON TO FIRE
ATMOSPHERIC
CONDITIONS
CODIIL
ROUNDS
1 PLATOON)
1,700
WIND
VELOCITY
K N TS
(KNOTS)
FAVORABLE
1 ROUNDS
HEAD/TAIL
BETE
1,600
___
IDEAL
EMINUTES
1,100
Table 9-21.
_
II
Ioo300
PLATOON TO FIRE
RATE OF FIRE
WIND DIRECTION
WIND
VELOCITY'BETWEEN
(KNOTS)
IILIZ
IDIFZ
1_______
40011 30
9-33
2I
.5
ROUNDS
(1 PLATOON)
23.5
.5
1
[{
.5
1
9-33 FOLDIN
FM 6-40
Table 9-23.
WIN
ATMOSPHERIC
CONDITIONS
WIND DIRECTION
VELOCITBETWEEN
(KNOT )
1,200
1,900
-100
200
440
660
6.5
700
1,100
1,500
1,600
100
200
440
650
56.5
10
400
1,100
2,000
2,200
90
200
410
600
15
200
900
2,200
2,400
80
200
400
550
1.5
140
250
500
600
50
150
350
460
1.5
K1/2
1/2
PLATOON TO FIRE
Table 9-24.
IDEAL
FAVORABLE
(MARGINAL
J[
CROSS
1,200
1,700
1,8
100
200___430__640__5.5_
500
900
1,400
1,500
100
200
430
620
3.5
10
200
700
1,400
1,900
90
200
400
580
1.5
15
100
500
1,400
2,000
80
200
380
540
11.5
FAVORABLE
MARGINAL
1/2
WIND
VELOCITY
(KNOTS?
9-33
9-33
1/2
MINUTES
ROUNDS
(1 PLATOON)
2.5
RATE OF FIRE
MINUTES
OUBETWEEN
(1 WEAPON)
WIND DIRECTION
CROSS
HEAD/TAIL
650
1,100
1,500
5
10
300
100
800
450
1,300
1,300
15
50
300
1,300
jI 5I 1 50O1 10
PAONTFIE1/2
FOLDOUT
FOLDOUT
(___________________)II~iII
1.5_______________
_______
IDEAL
HEAD/TAIL
800
Table 9-25.
ATMOSPHERIC
CONDITIONS
ROUNDS
(1 WEAPON)
PLATOON TO FIRE
RATE OF FIRE
W INDDIRECTIONMINUTES
C IN K
(KNOT )
WINDI
CONDITIONS
ON
______
MINUTES
1WEAPON)
1,400
557{
MARGINAL
CROSSHEAD/TAIL
J51
11900
IDEAL
FAVORABLE
MINUTES
9-34
9-34
400
2
MINUTES
RUN
(1 PLATOON)
90
200
420
630
513111111
1,400
1,700
90
200
400
600
70
190
380
56012
1,700
60
190
360
530
330
400
160[
sooJl
3
40
140
1/2
3LX
!{
5.5
11.5
1.5
IZ
1.5
FM 6-40
EXAMPLE:
Entering table 9-19 with a relative humidity
of 20 percent and no infrared requirement,
the FDO extracts table 9-25.
and an-
SECTION III
ROCKET-ASSISTED MUNITIONS
9-2 1.
CHARACTERISTICS
FM 6-40
missions. The multiplot GFT setting is
recommended. When no RAP registration
data are available, a multiplot GFT setting
should be developed by use of muzzle velocity
data, current powder temperature, and rocket
motor temperature (assumed to be the same
as the powder temperature).
MANUAL
9-22o
COMPUTATIONS
Manual procedures for computing HE RAP
firing data are identical to those for
conventional HE rounds. The rocket-assisted
projectile GFTs and GSTs are similar to and
read the same as those for conventional HE
rounds with two exceptions. The 155-mm
M549A1 GFT has no fuze setting scale, and
the 203-mm M650 GFT has supplemental
scales for the M753 nuclear projectile. The
T6B2
3CALL
fOFIDI
o,.,,oT6 B3
-FTT 58+
oBTR{
A@ESS
.516
An
los/n
4D
/a
DirV
,VE
-RD' H IC
LE
Sbift
U/D .....
Dis
Pobr:Oir
U1/O .
...
uo
.01r, MF
b
S ,x
Dowv
120
moo0
Ch, F
Corr
Dtry
IDOTG
Figure 9-24.
9-36
.3.IS...
. ...
FS
orr
Chrt1f
..
.
Of
orrl
( )
II~od
. . .T T
...
...
.I.
...
.
..
..
: ...
! ...
:
/.z21/r4/'
WOD
Conf
14...'.............in
...
20/0
+o
I" I
P (0 TGT A C 7816
g#
,, ,
VA
.-
k -,
T
hatimo
Q9
O
oolip
.
'"1
...
Corr (Si)
..
lp
..
I.... I.
. .. . .,........
.._..-_.
......
.....
1ITot AC 7
216
Qoclt.ni
Tp
_._li~i!
!i!!!i!,............,
I O~otAh
FM 6-40
tIET DATA CORRECTION SHEET
For uao of Ohioform, coo FM 6-40; propononl ogoncy io TRADOC.
SSAGIZ
tIIT
QATTURY DATA
OCTAN:T
TYPE"MESSAGE
IATITUDIE
LAG
ANAIRQ
APGEZ
0 AT0
AREA/U1IT
-ALT
|TIME
Pqassual
Y 9TE
AtlQDENSITY
,(1
LANE N94CitfP DIR
ALT 07 OP
VIDAMPPEEDCA
0OPLfl7LL..I
DIR? A
(6&)PbCORRECTIOMN
LAM
atCORRECTIED
ALT OP TARGET
Y%%nOI
VALUEVI1i
9
ALT OP DURST
HEIGHT
I1
-(htrooloot
"or
ALT OP O
OP TARGEIT
cou~
WIND
COMPONENTS
CMARTRG
IENTRYRG
AND DEFLECTION
CHART CA EcTIONaiAIAIoSMRRP
CROSS
CARD
1IDMPOTS
SPEEDIo
CO
CAMPG~ P EEC
RANGE
CROSS VDINDL
Conn
G
UNAT-CORN
C2m
OL5
DAMP0TAILcX/l
KNOTS
RR09FL
L
CORATDEL1
STANDARD
VALUES
VARIATIONS PRtOM
STANDARD
M%0
UNIT
CORRECTIONS
PLUS
tiANUs
H367_
too%
AIR T=AP
O 1
PROJDElIIGHT ____A
ROTATION
__-
__
tvva_2 -,
1@I
MATRANGE CORNRevil.
..
COMPUTATION OF
YE
VE
J~l
PROP
oii01WMgA
..
,.I
CAt
TOTAL RANGIE
CORRECTION
CHANGETO MV
LJ FP
TEMP
2occi rd
t0
ERNG
it
RACTION
-I'"
NV
UNIT
AVcANGE
M.(
CORASIICIN4LI. O
RRECTION
]
-EAM/S
--
V "
I
i 1
.
TOTAL
9
two
4-,
-I-
RANGE
CORN ACTION
L
2 - AVG VA
Figure 9-25.
i
-
IIIML
F-
9-37
FM 6-40
9-23.
REGISTRATION AND
DETERMIENATION OF
THE GIFT SETTING
Section
IV
NUlLCLEAR MUMTHODS
9-24.
CHARACTERISTICS
Charge correlation.
HE M106
PROPELLANTS
NUCLEAR
M422A1
PROPELLANTS
CHARGE
CHARGE
1G, M1
4G, Ml
6W, M2
8,M188 or M188A1
1,M80
2,M80
3,M80
8,M188 or M188A1
FM 6-40
9-25.
M753 DELIVERY
for conventional
TECHNIQUES
The three M753 delivery techniques that
can be used are K-transfer, met + VE, and
observer adjustment. Regardless of the
technique used, all data are determined to the
same accuracy as data in standard gunnery
procedures. Firing data are recorded on DA
Form 5336-R (203-mm Nuclear Computation Work Sheet for M753 Rocket-Assisted
Projectile).
Note. Reproducible copies of new DA
forms are in appendix J. Two-page forms
should be reproduced head-to-head.
a.
K-Transfer. With
the
K-transfer
9-26.
9-39
FM 6-40
"'Ii
HSG
.,ATTACHED
r5E
Dis
.
: Dir
, .,,
I..
- -
U/D
--L/ft- ---
M-- -"
_____V
_
I/
UD
--0--.
TGT AL-
TRYA LT53/K?
78za
......
...
o,,,,,,,,
Figure.9-6..
S.
TtFC
Grid;
Poor:Dir
SShift .
_o....
ObovrIF/FFE/I/
..
.......
Ch"
Of
2 qg
Record.of.ire-K-trans..e techniqu
..... . .......
Figure 9-26.
STDU1
ALTITUDEOFTARGET
10 METER)
A1
0c
0iMETER)
-,15
ALTITUDE OF BURSTI
ALTITUDE OF BATTERV
HEIGHT OF BURSTI
AB3OVE GUN) F31
+ ff
ENTRY RANGE)(
Figure-9-27.
3 19
1METER)
FI~nz~
1 METER)
B)
(1METER)
c5
(10 METERS)
(I
METER)
+ 8
+ F71
[1METERj)
100METERS)JC
170
7,
FM 6-40
(2) Use blocks 9 through 13 (fig 9-28)
when determining corrections for differences
in propellant temperatures, projectile
weights, and rocket motor temperatures.
(a) Propellant temperature. Determine the change to muzzle velocity to
compensate for the change in propellant
temperature (table 9-27). Determine the
difference (increase or decrease) between the
muzzle velocities (in fig 9-28, -0.4 meter per
second from -0.6 meter per second = a
decrease of 0.2 meter per second). The unit
correction factor (table F at entry range
18700,' column 10, for decrease) is +36.6.
Determine the correction, in meters, for the
change in propellant temperature by
multiplying 0.2 x +36.6 = +7.32
+7.
T4
HIGH-EXPLOSIVE /ROCKET-
IS 7A/
[D )I
[1,METER]),
(100METER)
(01 METER
TEMPERATURE[ -
PER SECOND)
POW ER
OF))
16
I)PAGE VITFTI101POUND)
I
DIFFERENCEI
101 POUND
~I
/4570C
.-0
15
17 17 DIFFERENCE
WEIGHT(gJ IN
- 2SQUARE
5)
A
MUZZLEPROJECTILE
VELOCITY (TABLE E)
(NUCLEAR
(0 1 POUND
18
(TABLE F,
CORRECTION
UNIT
18 19)
COLUMN
A MUZZLE VELOCITY(TABLE E)
(I
19
WEIGHT
20
NUCLEAR PROJECTILEROCKET
MOTOR TEMPERATURE RANGE
CORRECTION (TABLE E )
1- 11
/9q /7
DECREASENCRE
(0 1
DECREASE NCREAS
1M E
(1 METER)
CORRECTION'FOR PROJECTILE
]
METER)
I '-
(HIGH-EXPLOSIVE/ROCKET10
TEMPERATURE I
PER SECOND)
oF])
IMI(0.l
11
DIFFERENCE(IF9_1 -
12
UNIT
CORRECTION
(TABLE
F COLUMN
13
10/ 11)
CHARGE TEMPERATURE1
Figure 9-28.
EE
)AFORM XXXA-R
DECREASEINCREASE
6 ,,.6
(01)
f 7/
' METERI
propellant temperatureK-transfer.
SEP 84
(0METER)
(CONFIDENTIAL
PROJETILEROCKET
PROJECTILE
PROPELLANT
WEIGHT
TEMPERATURE
HE/RAP: 3 squares
+670F
Nuclear: 201.0 pounds
+650 F
MOTOR
TEMPERATURE
+670 F
+650 F
9-41
FM 6-40
temperature of +650 F. The difference in range
from HE/RAP to nuclear is 0 to +16, or +16
meters. For rocket off missions, this step is
deleted.
Figure 9-32.
+7 meters
+48 meters
+16 meters
27
28
AN(te 5- SITE(
27 AO D SCALESI
FST
OTAND
J11MILl)
ELEVATION.COMPLEMENTARY
MILl
27
- 10
ANGLE OF SITE,
....
7~rt23
CORRECTED RANGE
( + H
+ F A+V2](10OMETERS)
EL
JO
7fli
29
(Oil
..
"A
Figure 9-31.
IML
(HIGH-EXPLOSIVE
55
HIGH EXPLOSIVE
2.FUZE SETTING
ROCKET ASSISTED PROJECTILE
GFT SETTING)
30
1
+ 18,720 meters
18,791 meters
18,790 meters
Corrected range
Determination of HE/RAP
quadrant elevation- K-transfer.
1)
L
'...
Corrected range-K-transfer.
...................
Figure 9-33.
p.
FM 6-40
32
1 MILI
298
METDATACORRECTION SHEET
FM6-40; proponent agency Is TRADOC.
DEFLECTION CORRECTION
- DRIFT
ELEVATION
[2--
.L&
--..
UOETYPE MESSAGE
OCTANT
0C
Rdi-lZTIT
R
Y
.....
1.23
11 MILl
U2.- P . - ),
Figure 9-34.
..
....
RAEUNIT
C')
NSTS$IMOMjOP(AMd
o
0MIL)
Determination of deflectionK-transfer.
I 2.
-eoeTCT'
LT....
AIRDEfNG??
&bCCONNECTIONCOENECTEVALE
95
REIGN.OF NUNS
TAROT
'ANOVE
AL.TOFSY
5o7
Avor
(how)
s....I.
DIRECION
. PEE
ALT-NO
cAliR TEOR
7WINO4001% WINOWEEG
TABLEA) I
DEFLECTIONTO FIRE
ATE.... TINE
ALTOFMOCINWeNO.
10 1 MIL])
35
Zi
-rp
0
0MIL)
ALFOT
C"fa
BALLISTICDEFLECTION CORRECTION
(PART 2
MET MESSAGE
BATTERY DATA
DEFLECTION CORRECTION
33
0T
......
PICTAT10u
ORRan
F119
Ofir
1WZ.
C.ROU
WINO,
r-~.E8O*
NNOTG
IRMO
10
L-4ilr~l~.,zz
spgl~
coolsWlG
--------UNITLIMj
U-
OF VIE
COMPUTATION
TOA Mo,8=C*,o
IET RANGE
TOMV
CHANGE
'FFORP PTWEOF
p op
ICONRECTIOOI
%di
IL
Av
wsj
CI
RANGE
iOT
j
CORNECCIOR
RANGE
TTAL
ta6
V,
TOTAL
CORRECTION
1.__
--
I
4
]LI
INIM
MIS
- 2 = Awnwir
saETFUZE CORRECTION
FRM
W1MS
PLUS
'ORA [CT0%
5T AN
ID?-.-
AV
I
RANGE
'WIND
AIRTEMP
Il
.. . YIT
AIRD. N
p~o .,,o
9-27.
a.
jCORRECTON
"
MET + VE TECHNIQUE
MTFZ
T
E
NL0F
10
lICE?
WENE
EI
CW'
I- .. .
-(, -.5
71---
.CInOAT1
CORCOWWRE
CTIOG
P4A
]?AVG
FI2E.COQ.Ij
__RP__Z
MF
F"GTZC
IOATI-'
TIME
9-43 FOLDIN
FM 6-40
CHART RANGE
17,750 METERS
+140 METERS
TOTAL RANGE CORRECTION
CORRECTED RANGE
17,890 METERS
Figure 9-37.
HEIGHT
OF B
(10 METERS)
(10 METERS)
CORRECTEDRANGE)(
ELEVATION
6L
IE
Tn V
RTC
(1 METER)
Wn3
(10 METERS)
(USEMANUFACTURERS
v
HAIRLINE)
VERTICAL INTERVL
,1
9I
9y
11 MI
ELEVATION
+ COMPLEMENTARY ANGLE OFSITE
10
FUZESETTING
-
11
TOTALFUZE CORRECTION
(MET FORM)
12
WI1
(USEMANUFACTURERS HAIRLINE)
[67)11ML)
(1 MIL)
0 MIL)
C.95
10 1MIL)
/l
9.5
(1.1MIL)
Fiu a9
9-44
690
FOLDOUT 9-43
/7
.IL).
AT R
Figure 9-39.
+190
(1MIL)
ITERVALI....RNGE.2...
Figure 9-38.
/7,750
1 1
101MIL)
2TABCE
ete
2.1
*.I
FM 6-40
g. To determine the data to fire, apply the
ballistic corrections from part 2, tables A and
B, to the HE RAP deflection, fuze setting, and
quadrant elevation. Enter part 2 data at
items 13, 17, and 19 (fig 9-40 and 9-41).
17
rl6
0
0
1 MIL)
[0.1 MILl)
(1MIL)
19
20
21
F91+
OBSERVER
ADJUSTMENT
TECHNIQUE
(1 MIL)
16
9-28.
Figure 9-40.
18 DEFLECTION TO FIRE(
Figure 9-41.
07
(1 MIL)
(0 MIL)
M))
I1)
9-45
FM 6-40
9-29.
M422A1 DELIVERY
TECHNIQUE
SQUARE
WEIGHT
9-46
HIGH-EXPLOSIVE
SPOTTING M424A1
197.5
238.3 to 240.7
238.3 to 240.7
41
200.0
240.8 to 243.2
240.8 to 243.2
202.5
243.3 to 245.7_
243.3 to 245.7
FM 6-40
RECORD OF FIRE
CALLFORFIRE
L/R
V20/RVA
U/D
+1.
SpInsrA
OBCorr
I'0mSiN
Si--10
..
Df Corr
FIREORDER
COMMANDS
INITIAL
FIRE
VFMI
J,5
TIME
L.5
M F*J
.Rg f
Ch
MWO
TARGET ALTITUDE
CHART RANGE
DATE
El
-LLANTTEMPERATURE
IOF
HIGH-EXPLOSIVE PROJECTILE
Ut) 4
WEIGHT
j17"(-,(l I
TIME
239.8 ; 3 .
,2.zO
ff2
VALUE
PROCEDURE
STEP
3
FW+W+
OFBURST.
ADD TARGET ALTITUDE AND HEIGHT
SUBTRACT BATTERY
ALTITUDE FROM STEPH6VERTICAL INTERVAL
1FVERTICAL INTE RVAL ISG REATE THAN OR EQUAL TOI100 USEC ANDODSC ILES TO DETERMINF ANGLE OF SITE,
l]+
IFVERTICAL INTERVAL ISLESS THAN 100, GO TO STEP[E-.
10
SUBTRACT STEP 9
11
12
13
1, TABL F.
""
/'I
oCHART.RANGE=CORRECTED
RANGE.
(F
SI
o1 CJ SI/zCLJ
Z1/50
5GW)
--
L+
'
"-O&
-- Eff
TIin
PER
T4
i/, ,,50
Si
ChtDl
CORRECTION
37GFT EFLECTION
KNOWN D ATA
5G/R
U/C
Dir
Shift
100/R
Tqt
ccAssdr4eP
Dis
Polar:Dir
5Q
9//
0JELEVATION
AF/FFE/IS/S
tCROM
GFT QEFLECTION
TlME
ELEVATION
Grid:
e. The HE QE is determined by
algebraically adding elevation plus site.
Observer
Armmo
tsp
FROM STEP [
Tg
ooinPriority Frn
Tgt
Location
Dir, MF
Fh, F
Dev
&01
UFiringi
Unit
Rg
NOB
Corr
SUBSEQUENT
FIRECOMMANDS
MF,Sh,
Chg,Ft
FS
Corr
..
....
....
..
..
...
Ti
Chort
Rg
ired
NoB
-Corr
SiT
-:: - . . .
.. .. .. . .. ....
...
....
z/O/ /7
..
........
141
.......
=================================
......
.....
. .
15 CORRECTIONS TO HIGH EXPLOSIVE QUADRANT ELEVATION FOR SHELL NUC EAR (FT 8 ADD H 1.TABLE A).
:::::::::::::::::::::.
.
.
..
:
:: .
...
.........................
..........
..........
...
i~i
i!i:....
..
..
..-..
..
...
...
::
::::::
::::::::
:::::::::::
:
.
..
.
..
..
.
.
..
..
.
...
16
CORRECTIONSTO NIGH EXPLOSIVE DEFLECTIONFOR SHELL NUCLEAR(FT BDD H 1 TABLEA)
.......
..........
. .... :::::::::::::::::::::::
.....
:::: ..
::::::::::::
r
yp
ltd
reod of fire.
............
ii:i,:
.ii~ii Fiue9-2iom
.....
'":'......
.: :'
..... ..-.
.....................
!;
!ii~
;!::!!!
~~i
!:
........
.
. ..
. ..
...
. ..
...
--
===================
..
..
17
CORRECTIONS TO HIGH EXPLOSIVE FUZE FOR M591 FUZE (FT8 ADD H 1 T1 BLE B)
18
19
ADD STEPS
20
1 AND fl
4 .O
NUCLEAR DEFLECTION06
....
DA FORM 5337-R
Figure 9-42.
SEP 84
Figure 9-43.
9-47
9-47
FOLDIN
FM 6-40
11450
Corrected range
11453
11450
+22
-19
+380 F
M2 temperature
+470 F
239.8
pounds
squares
Chart range to
target
Chart deflection
Vertical interval
11,450
3,289
+247
meters
mils
meters
Chart range
Propellant temperature
range correction
Projectile weight
correction
MSO propellant
charge
temperature
M106 weight
FOLDOUT
9-48
9-30.
M422A1 COMPUTER
PROCEDURES
V.
FM 6-40
TABLE A
CMARGE
3
QUADRANT ELEVATION
PROJ.
ATOMIC, 422AI
FUZE, MT. M542
TABLE 8
FT 8 ADD-H-1
PROJ. ATOMIC. M422A1
FUZE. MT. M542
FUZE SETTING
12
QUAD ELEV
FOR
PROJ. M106
WITH CHG 6W
FT B ADO-H-I
CORR TO
QUAD ELEV
FOR PROJ
MP42AI
CORR TO
DEFL
FOR PROJ.
M422AI
MILS
MILS
MILS
1175
1093
R4.3
1180
1185
1190
1195
10.1
9.8
9.6
9.3
R4.5
R4.7
R5.0
R53
1200
9.1
R5.7
1205
1210
1215
1220
8.q
8.7
8.5
8.2
Re.l
R6.5
R7.0
R7.b
1225
8.0
Rb.2
1230
1235
1240
1245
7.8
7.6
7,5
7.3
R9.0
R9.9
R1O,9
R12.0
1250
7.1
R13.4
1255
1260
1265
1270
6.9
6.8
6.6
6.5
R14.9
RlbS.8
R19.0
R21.b
1275
6.4
R24.8
1280
6.2
R2b.6
M582
FUZE SETTING
FOR PROJ. Mi06
WITH CHG 6W
CORRECTIOV TO
FUZE SETTING
FOR PROJ. 4422AI
WITH FUZE M54i2
11.3-12.3
12.4-14.0
14.1-16.1
-0.9
-1.0
-1.1
16.-19.2
-1.2
19.3-27.4
27.5-30.3
30.432.4
32.5-34.5
-1.3
-. 02
-101
-1.0
34.6-36.8
-0.9
36.9-39,4
39.5-47.7
47.8-49.0
49.1-50.0
-0.8
-0.7
-0.3
-0.9
50,1-50,7
-1.0
50.8-51.3
-1 * 1
51.94-51.9
1.2
52.0-52.4
52.5-52.8
-1.3
-1.4
52.9-53.2
-1. 5
53.3-536
53.7-539
54,0-54.2
54.3-54.5
-1.5
-1.7
-1.9
-2.9
54*9-55.0
s4.9-ss5*o
-2.1
55.1-55.2
-.
55.3-55.5
55.6-55.7
-2.3
-2.4
55.8-55.9
-2.5
56.0-56.1i
56.2-56,3
56.4
56,5-56.6
-2o6.
-2.7
-2.B
-2.9
S67 -56.8
-3.0
'
I!
Figure 9-44.
9-49 FOLDIN
FM 6-40
Table 9-29.
9-31.
M109A2/A3
M114A1,M198
M114A1
M109A2/A3,M198
HE, M107
PROPELLANTS
CHARGE
NUCLEAR PROJECTILE
M454 PROPELLANTS
CHARGE
NUCLEAR PROJECTILE
M454 PROPELLANTS
CHARGE
4(GBorWB)
5(GB or WB)
7-(WB)
1 (M206)
2(M206)
3 (M207)
1 (M206)
2(M206)
3(M197)
155-MM HOWITZER
NUCLEAR GUNNERY
9-32.
155-MM NUCLEAR
DELIVERY
TECHNIQUES
9-50
I
9-33.
MANUAL PROCEDURES
FOR SHELL NUCLEAR
BY USE OF THE GFT
AND TFT
FM 6-40
TOTAL RANGE
CORRECTION
(3) The computer adds the range correction determined for powder temperature to
the range correction determined for projectile
weight and expresses this value to the nearest
10 meters.
(4) The computer then adds the total
range correction value determined in
paragraph (3) above to the total range
correction determined from the lazy Z in the
registration and begins to build a nuclear
standard GFT setting.
5380
18.9
335
51140
19.9
TOTAL FUZE CORRECTION
LI
-1.0
9-34.
NUCLEAR FIRE
MISSION PROCESSING
FM 6-40
Ballistic corrections are then applied by use
of FT 155-AJ-2.
Section V.
COPPERHEAD
9-35.
CHARACTERISTECS
FM 6-40
NOSE CONE
PULSE REPETITION FREQUENCY CODE
AND TIME SWITCHES (5)
NOSE CONE
NO
OBTURATOR
WINDOW
Figure 9-46.
Figure 9-47.
9-53
FM 6-40
9-36.
462/
TARGET
LOCATION
3S 78 ,o t4
rm--.
PRIORITY
OBSERVER
(v -YES)
SR
V,
AAww
Se
380.A 4/75
m3.L #/#m IL57
.2
I
CHG
5a
TRAJECTORY
/Iist
..
A
k
MI.SS
i95GI54
&'~Q136k4
dM
/44.
44aSAL
_j
IS49,..
LJ
DESIGNATE
TIME
DEFLECTION
.36411
TOF
qE
41
3217
I2~iL
A5
4
45
Ljq
qj
5s
,14 zu
M
caairs ilo
4'i
1siiIE
/9
WJPXA)
,501
Big
X41
Figure 9-48.
9-54
- ____
e
SWITCH
SETTING
~6127
44,Uz1#44IIA
L
NO OF ROUNDS
PLANNED
2.
38 o& qI$1
A8 4W.4
48 ,,aqa,3790o qoqql
PLATOONS
TO FIRE
rle
FIRED
(%,,-YES)
COMPUTATIONS FOR
SHELL COPPERHEAD
3.27Y.
.24
N-
FM 6-40
Copperhead rounds and the guns are not
prepared in advance. The FDC transmits the
message to observer and the ready message
to tell the observer that the unit is prepared to
fire on the priority target at any time
thereafter. If target priorities change during
the battle, the firing unit must change the
data on the guns and the rounds quickly to
provide continued support. If the mission is
processed through TACFIRE, the battery
FDC does not need to send an MTO.
MISSION PRIORITY
9-37.
INote.
maneuver comtheoverride
mander'sRemember,
guidance may
the general
rules in this publication.
rules
9-38.
in
hrigi
COPPERHEAD SOP
9-39.
VOICE CALLS
FOR FIRE
EXAMPLE
THIS IS Y4A71
FIRE TARGET
AY4781, OVER
FOUR TANKS
5 ROUNDS
AT MY
COMMAND,
OVER
EXAMPLE
Y5A57, THIS IS
Y4A71
FIRE FOR
EFFECT,
POLAR,OVER
9-55
FM 6-40
Location of target
Target
description
Method of engagement
Method of control
9-40.
DIRECTION
1800, DISTANCE
3450, VERTICAL
ANGLE +5, OVER
TWO TANKS
COPPERHEAD,
3 ROUNDS
BY ROUND, AT
MY COMMAND,
OVER
MESSAGE TO
OBSERVER
(AUTONOMOUS)
a. After a call for fire has been received
and mission processing has started, an MTO
is sent as soon as possible before firing.
b. The MTO for Copperhead missions
includes the following elements:
ELEMENT
Unit firing
Number of rounds
Laser pulse repetition frequency code
Time of flight
EXAMPLE
A3Q27
3 ROUNDS
CODE 241
TIME OF
FLIGHT
c.
If the battalion FDC is in tactical
control, it will send the MTO for planned
targets.
9-41.
LASER PULSE
REPETITION
FREQUENCY CODE
9-42.
FIRE ORDER
9-43.
COMPUTATION OF
FIRING DATA
a. Initial Chart Data. The computation of firing data for Copperhead begins
with determining chart data. This applies to
both planned targets (target locations are
taken from the Copperhead target list) and
targets of opportunity (target locations are
provided in the call for fire). The initial chart
data required for Copperhead missions are
chart range, chart deflection, and angle T.
Normally, chart data are determined by the
HCO in a manual fire direction center and by
the VCO in a manual/FADAC fire direction
center.
b. Charge and Trajectory Selection.
Given the chart range to the target, the FDO
or chief computer enters the Copperhead
charge selection table (table 9-30) in the
Copperhead TFT (FT 155-AS-0) under the
appropriate weapon system. The charge and
trajectory to fire are determined by
identifying the range interval for a listed
charge that includes the chart range. For
example, the charge for chart range 5630 is
charge 5GB. The ballistic mode trajectory is
selected. If the chart range falls exactly on
the range changeover point for two charges,
the lower charge and corresponding
trajectory are selected. The selected charge is
then announced to the computer.
Notes. 1. Copperhead trajectories are
explained later in this section.
2. It is important that the range intervals
for each listed charge be strictly adhered to,
since firing outside these intervals may
significantly degrade Copperhead's
performance.
FM 6-40
Table 9-30.
RANGE (KM)
FROM
FOOTPRINT
MINIMUMS
CODE
CHARGE
MODE
M3A1
TO
TARGET
CLOUD HEIGHT
M4A2
M119A1
4.6
ballistic
4.6
5.8
7.2
5.8
7.2
8.8
ballistic
ballistic
ballistic
8.8
9.5
9.5
11.6
11.6
13.0
10% of range
5
(6)
10%
ra n ge
o f range
1 0% of
1 0% o f ra n ge
B
C
D
(2)
750
600
750
900
meters
meters
meters
meters
E
F blue
H green
G
4.6
5.8
7.2
8.8
9.5
11.0
13.2
ballistic
ballistic
ballisticG
ballistic
glide (356 mils)
glide (356 mils)
glide (356 mils)
13.2
16.8
4
5
(2)
(9)
0
(B
0)
10% of range
10% of range
10% of range
10% of range
750 meters
600 meters
600 meters
750 meters
900 meters
A
B
C
D
E
F
H blue
H green
J
5.0
6.5
8.0
9.5
6.5
8.0
9.5
11.6
ballistic
ballistic
ballistic
ballistic
(5
5
()
2,120
2,120
2,120
2,120
meters
meters
meters 1
meters
K
L
M
N
0 Preferred charge.
ANGLE T AND TARGET
CLOUD HEIGHT CHECK
9-44.
a.
FM 6-40
(1) If the target is located by grid
coordinates, the observer altitude is added to
the observer cloud height to obtain the cloud
altitude. The target altitude (taken from a
map) is then subtracted from the cloud
altitude to determine the target cloud height.
EXAMPLE:
Observer cloud heigt
Observer alt
740 meters
+ 460 meters
Cloud alt
Target alt
1,200 meters
- 355 meters
845 meters
, 850 meters
9-45.
DETERMI[NATION OF
THE RANGE OFFSET
CORRECTION
EXAMPLE:
OT distance
Vertical angle
OT VI
meters
340
-32
-105 (from
GST)
Observer alt
460 meters
Observer cloud height
740 meters
*Target alt observer alt + OTVI=460 +(-105)
= 355
1200-355=845
850
Table 9-31.
Range offset-ballistic
mode (low angle).
CHART RANGE
(METERS)
RANGE OFFSET
CORRECTION
(METERS)
0
-50
-100
-150
-200
-250
3,000
3,100
3,200
3,300
3,400
3,500
3,600
3,700
3,800
3,900
4,000and beyond
-300
-350
-400
-450
-500
= -500
FM 6-40
Table 9-32.
CHART RANGE
(METERS)
MODE
0
-300
Glide-356 Mils'
2
Glide-444 Mils
9-46.
5,630 meters
TRAJECTORIES
D
BALLISTIC MODE
CLOUD
.. ..
TARGET
BALLISTIC
AIMING POINT
START 200 GLIDE (356 MILS)
CLOUD
::
HEIGHT
GLIDE MODE
TARGET
(Not to scale)
9-59
FM 6-40
point, the observer has begun designating the
target with the G/VLLD. The Copperhead
projectile acquires the reflected laser energy
and initiates internal guidance and control
that allow it to maneuver to the target.
b. Glide Mode. From the intermediate
to maximum ranges, the Copperhead
projectile travels in the glide mode (fig
In the glide mode, the projectile travels9-49).
in a
ballistic trajectory to a point just beyond the
maximum ordinate. Here the projectile, using
its internal gyro as an inertial reference,
maintains a constant angle of fall (356 or
mils). The projectile maintains this angle444
of
fall until laser acquisition. The glide mode
allows the projectile to fly out to extended
ranges not achieved in the low-angle ballistic
mode.
c. Firing Tables. Tabular and
graphical firing tables have been produced
to
help the computer manually determine firing
data for the different Copperhead
trajectories. The GFTs are based on the range
intervals outlined in the charge selection
table.
d. High-Angle Fire. Firing Copperhead high angle will be discussed later in this
chapter.
Note. The examples of the TFT, GFT, and
GST from this point on may show different
values than the actualfielded TFT, GFT, and
GST. The examples used in this section are
intended to stress format and procedures
only.
9-47.
DESCRIPTION OF M712
LOW-ANGLE BALLISTIC
GFT
9-48.
LOW-ANGLE BALLISTIC
GFT SETTING
FM 6-40
HfOW155 mra
Soft
AS.OM112CLGP
UftP"
SOD
sit
Woo
P
P fie
ap
oft"
4
5G
"MeCHARGE
BALLISTIC MODE
"m
o-mom'Of"NPROVISIONAL
....
m f,
ic
&0JZ
950
Cpprhadlo-agl
Fiur
(2)
;....
, '.....
....
... ,f
SM U
bllsoGFTe
FM 6-40
Table 9-33.
CHARGE
4GB or 4WB
5GB or 5WB
6WB
7WB
OFFSET CHART
RANGE
(METERS)
CORRESPONDING
CHART RANGE
(METERS)
3,550
4,700
6,000
7,500
4,050
5,200
6,500
8,000
9-49.
TRANSFER L]MITS
9-50.
APPLICATION OF THE
GFT SETTING
STEP 5.
EXAMPLE:
GFT A: Chg 5, LA Bal, Lot RY, Rg 4700, El
STEP 6.
9-62
STEP 2.
STEP 3.
STEP 4.
FM 6-40
9-51.
Figure 9-51.
5110
413
12
6
23
9-63
FM 6-40
9-53.
DETERMIENATION OF
THE TIME SETTING
Figure 9-52.
9-64
FM 6-40
9-54.
DETERMINATION OF
ELEVATION, TIME OF
FLIGHT, AND
DESIGNATE TIME
GLIDE MODE
TRANSFER LIMITS
9-55.
9-56.
CHARGE
WEAPON
(1)
Unit.
(2)
Charge.
Glide angle trajectory (for example,
glide).
Ammunition lot.
Range (offset chart).
(3)
356 mils
(4)
(5)
6WB
7WB
All
M 109A1
M109A11B
9,150
10,500
NA
12,300
7WB
M 109A2
M109A3
M198
10,250
NA
M109A2
M109A3
12,100
15,000
M198
9-65
FM 6-40
(6)
(7)
(8)
Time-setting group.
Elevation.
GFT deflection correction.
EXAMPLE:
GFT C: Chg 7, 356 Mils Glide, Lot RT, Rg
10,500, Time-Setting Group 52, El 512; GFT
Df Corr: R5.
d. Using the example glide mode GFT
setting shown above, apply the GFT setting
to the glide mode GFT as outlined in figure
9-53.
STEP 1.
STEP 2.
STEP 3.
STEP 4.
STEP 5.
STEP 6.
Figure 9-53. M712 glide mode GFT with GFT setting applied.
9-66
FM 6-40
9-57.
SWITCH SETTING
9-58.
COMPUTATION OF SITE
a. The VCO computes site for Copperhead by use of the Copperhead GST (fig 955). Three separate range scale slides have
been produced to accommodate all modes and
charges.
b. The Copperhead GST and the GST for
conventional munitions are used in nearly
the same manner. The difference is that the
offset chart range is used instead of chart
range on both the ballistic and the glide mode
GSTs and the appropriate time-setting group
must be used on the glide mode GST.
Figure 9-55.
Figure 9-54.
9-67
FM 6-40
9-59.
COMPUTATION
OF DEFLECTION
CORRECTION
9-62.
9-60.
COMPUTATION OF
FADAC DATA
9-61.
LIMITS OF THE
BATTERY CENTER
SOLUTION
TARGET ATTACK
CONTINGENCIES
FM 6-40
RECORD Of FIRE
4AR
CALLFORFilC
.4 i11+1@
iD
FEoRER
E-
,B)O RAM
CLOU
CHG
O5
TCC
OFFSET.
ofietr
oppo
,-
of
runity
R)MC
,.
NOlCar
10losSi
OfCafRt
si +
--
.......
,1By, , ,7....
"y, coE~
""
SPoff
I.
zN-2r
a'4s RW119mc
~1PECZ BY
a5
72$? COMMANff r
E
CALFFOR
An
MOS o
10.1/10
Z Q
S
. or
Fig.ure 9-56
o,. ,f II, o
u..
5740
RG.
7-
oberer
. T...2.'
F/FEIS $FL.~
..
...
F/it
Grid:
rReco Of
VA
Co
9-57.
U/O
FigureC
Di
Pohr:Dir
INITIALFIRECOMMANDS
plnstr 3/
r B,
Fire--on-al
Cart
20IR
.UD-
Dir
"kr
ViM
MC
I AIK
MF
PTCT
S1CPf,
Lot
Chg
5f
bt Of3El
t
THEPRPOENTAGNC
l4cF4igurerioOi-FiringRecord
CTot
QUoFfi
ll.C
ISTRDO
9-69
FM 6-40
9-64.
FIRE COMMANDS
EXAMPLE:
The observer requested AT MY COMMAND in his call for fire and has given the
command to fire. The FDC initiates firing at
20-second intervals.
NUMBER 1 . . . FIRE (wait 20 sec);
NUMBER 2... FIRE (wait 20 sec);
NUMBER 1... FIRE (wait 20 sec);
NUMBER 2... FIRE....
R2ECORZD
O FFIRlE
CALL'M FIRE
Goorvor
AF/FFI/IS/S
Pc!ADi
Tt
,VA
U/D
Cia
SUN
ftU/0D0/
R.C flL/ACJD :.D
100l
rp/z
./
Ul
nD 100gSi
RECD0Df
"P.
....
..
. .'...
o~o ..
..
...
U..
t
FI
Co.
n Crr
.. .. ....
I.....
xamleffire comas.Cr
hoFigurr9-8.i
..
".
).F.o.
..
....
....... .
A%-,oc"iACsLo
o.
. . ....
.,"
. ..
FIRE
COMMIANJDS
9-70
.....
...
....
Cb , FI.C.rr.TiO.
..orr
...|
...y.
Figure 9-58.
Cho';
.,.
....,,.
I-.,.,,.
.
.. ..............
UMSUOSEOUEOJT
Tat
Loctio
--
SbF1
ow
r.. . R....
46Y..
/s
M013Corr
Si
Corr
+'.. .
. .
. ..
PTp
FM 6-40
9-65.
ENGAGEMENT
COMMANDS
Designate (Voice).
9-66.
HIGH-ANGLE FIRE
a. Introduction.
9-71
FM 6-40
high-angle fire may be requested by the
observer or ordered by the FDO on the basis
of the terrain in the target area or the battery
position.
b. Restrictions. Because of the long
times of flight involved, firing Copperhead
high angle is not as responsive as firing it in
one of the low-angle modes. Because of these
restrictions, Copperhead fired in the
high-angle mode should be considered only
when a target cannot be engaged with
Copperhead fired in a low-angle ballistic or
glide mode. Restrictions on high-angle fire
with Copperhead are as follows:
(1) The minimum range at which
high-angle firing data may be controlled is
5,000 meters.
(2) The minimum cloud height required
over the target is 2,120 meters.
Figure 9-59.
9-72
ortk*
FM 6-40
2 20
T.SET
1210
00
120
20l60'
51O0
5000
9000-
00000
00050000
00E0 0
00
1 01
0''6010
00
5000
60
'50
12,
652
..... . ... .
2,10
,O
2 5
1490
..
......
4180
1I,
160
40
t130
2o
21Is
000
6600
47
"
25,4-23
46
45
44
43
010 42 41
001
o.
00
0100
Po03
25
49
50
51
4os
a?
046
05
4404
High-angle GFT.
Figure 9-60.
9-68.
50016500
000
6000
6100
so50
77
52
53
5553
t110
59000 0L
1N00000
49
50
9000
51
51
Ifs.T..
5500
'1010
0
22
F5
54000
HIGH-ANGLE GFT
Note. When a high-angle GFT setting is
computed by manually solving a met, the
offset chart range listed in table 9-35 for the
selected charge is used. If the FADAC/BCS
SETTINGS
a. As in the low-angle modes, a GFT
setting should be applied to the high-angle
GFT. Since registrations are not fired with
low-angle
ballistic graphical
CHARGE
OFFSET CHART
RANGE
(METERS)
CORRESPONDING
CHART RANGE
(METERS)
5GB or 5WB
5,200
5,750
6WB
6,770
7,250
8,360
8,750
10,270
10,550
7WB
9-73
FM 6-40
c. The high-angle GFT setting contains
the following information:
(1) Unit.
(2) Charge.
(3) Trajectory (for example, high
angle).
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
, 9-69.
DATA COMPUTATION
Ammunition lot.
Range (offset chart range).
Adjusted elevation.
GFT deflection correction.
EXAMPLE:
OFT B: Chg 5, High Angle, Lot RY, Rg 5200,
El 1107; GFT Df Corr: L2.
EXAMPLE:
Given: Offset chart range 5980 and GFT
setting in example above.
Elevation
lO-mil site
Time setting
Designate time
Time of flight
960
-10.7
21
25
45
9-74
RANGE
(METERS)
PREFERRED
CHARGE
5,000 to 6,500
6,500 to 8,000
8,000 to 9,500
9.500to 11,600
5GB
6WB
7WB
8
"4
FM 6-40
RANGE OFFSET
BALLISTIC MODE - ANGLE*
RANGE OFFSET IN METERS
HEIGHT OF CLOUD CEILING
TARGET
RANGE
(METERS)
(METERS)
MIN
iioX
5000
-600
-600
5200
5400
5600
5800
-590
-580
-560
-550
-590
-580
-560
-550
6000
-540
-540
6200
6400
6600
6800
-530
-520
-510
-500
-530
-520
-510
-500
7000
-490
-490
7200
7400
7600
7800
-480
-470
-450
-440
-480
-470
-450
-440
8000
-430
-430
8200
8400
8600
8800
-420
-410
-400
-390
-420
-410
-400
-390
9000
-380
-380
9200
9400
9600
9800
-370
-360
-340
-330
-370
-360
-340
-330
10000
10200
10400
10600
10800
-320
-310
-300
-280
-270
-320
-310
-300
-280
-270
11000
-260
-260
11200
11400
11600
-250
-240
-230
-250
-240
-230
9-75
FM 6-40
9-70.
EXAMPLE OF A
HIGH-ANGLE
MISSION
a. The FDO of Battery A has just received
a Copperhead call for fire on three tanks in a
ravine. The following Copperhead
high-angle GFT setting was derived by
FADAC for charge 5GB:
GFT B: Chg 5, High Angle, Lot RY, Rg
5200, El 1107; GFT Df Corr: L2
Figure 9-62.
9-76
-11
FM 6-40
d. Noting that the chart range falls
between 5000 and 6500, the computer selects
charge 5GB.
e. With the chart range expressed to the
nearest 200 meters (5,800 meters), the
computer enters the range offset table and
extracts the range offset correction of -550.
f. The computer now computes the offset
chart range by adding the range offset
correction to the chart range: Offset chart
range (5200) = chart range (5750) + range
offset correction (-550).
g. The initial firing data are obtained
from the Copperhead high-angle GFT by
setting off the offset chart range under the
range gage line.
Elevation
10-mil site
Time setting
Designate time
Time of flight
1107
-3.2
22
29
49
9-77
FM 6-40
10-1.
NONSTANDARD
CONDITIONS
10-1
FM 6-40
----
11
TURE IS 590 F.
S'ARIDARD
WEATHER
STAINADARD
POSMON
MAT'ER]EL.
Q-Afi;
vvnr
W
v Ctim
tl
Apki
AVVYi
Y
TIME.
ALL SETTINGS ARE
PERFECT.
THE PROJECTILE AND
FUZE
ARE MANUFACTURED
PERFECTLY.
THE PROPELLANT
TEMPERATURE
IS 700 F.
Figure 10-1.
10-2.
Standard conditions.
CONCURRENT MET
AT SEA LEVEL.
THERE IS NO WIND.
STANDARD
10-3.oSUBSEQUENT MET
FM 6-40
thus new GFT settings can be determined by
use of the subsequent met technique.
b. When a subsequent registration is not
possible, the subsequent met technique is
used to produce a current GFT setting. A
subsequent met is solved by using DA Form
4200. Other applications of the subsequent
met technique are eight-direction met, met to
a target, and met to a met check gage point.
new met corrections +
(new variables)
old position corrections =
(constant)
new total corrections
10-4.
VELOCITY ERROR
a. Ballistic variations
standards that cannot be
moisture content of the
surface finish, and survey
Section II.
MET MESSAGES
10-5.
CHARACTERISTICS
10-6.
BALLISTIC MET
MESSAGE
10-3
FM 6-40
S
(a) Group 1. The first three letters
(MET) in group 1 identify the transmission as
a met message. The next letter (B) indicates
that it is a ballistic met message. The first
digit (3) indicates the type of met message.
The last digit (1) designates the octant of the
earth in which the met station is located. In
this case, 1 indicates that the met station is
between 90'W and 180'W longitude and that
it is north of the equator (north latitude) (fig
10-3). Figure 10-3 also contains the key to the
octant codes.
DNfRODUCTQOO
METB31 (GROUP 1)
345982 (GROUP 2)
270950 (GROUP 3)
037991 (GROUP 4)
BODY
002107
012208
022309
032410
042610
052812
029957
029954
033953
037954
039953
042951
Figure 10-2.
N180W
NO0o
N90OW
N90 0 E
N 180 0 E
EQUATOR
S180 0 W
CODE NUMBER
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
S90 0 W
0O
SO
OCTAHT CODES
North latitude,
North latitude,
North latitude,
North latitude,
Not used.
South latitude,
South latitude,
South latitude,
South latitude,
Used for coded
Figure 10-3.
10-4
S90 0 E
S180 0 E
FM 6-40
2,400
mils).
(c) The last two digits (10) of the first
group indicate the speed of the ballistic wind
in knots (10
10 knots).
LINE
NUMBER
ZZ
ZONE
HEIGHT
(METERS)
SUFACE
DIREL
(100's
d!
oo00
200
01
500
02
1000
03
1500
04
2000
05
3ooomoo
3000
06
10000
17
12000
12
14000
13
16000
14
180o15
Figure 10-4.
Zone height.
95.4 percent).
10-5
FM 6-40
c. The message is recorded on DA Form
3675 (Ballistic Met Message) (fig 10-5).
15
..
/5"
71
j':'Zr27orr:."
BA1LDSTaC
LOWIE
OkU20ER
gos
{V(00iGs
MOGLS) I (KNIOTS)
06ORECTOORN
SPEED
F______
0.37
TE(PERATURE
W
(OF STO)
(U%_____
26
10-6
I3A1SDC AIR
Figure 10-5.
DERST
(%OF STO)
FM 6-40
millibars, at the met station. When the value
is greater than 99.9, the first digit 1 is omitted
(for example, 009 = 100.9).
OCTANT
LoLo01
LaLaL a
DATE
LOCATION
or
xxx
or
xxx
i TIME
(GMT)
YY
GoG
Jf
5O
; DURATION
I (HOURS)
STATION
MOP
HEIGHT.
I PRESSURE
(10's M)
hhh
'
MB's,
Q19'987
ZONE VALUES
ZZ
WIND
DIRECTION
(10's M)
ddd
00
4260
60
LINE
NUMBER
WIND
SPEED
(KNOTS)
FFF
0a/p
02
.2o7.0
0./8
O.ZQ.0
03
300
04
03/0
0,30
Figure 10-6.
TEMPERATURE
(1/100K)
PRESSURE
(MILLIBARS)
TTTT
PPPP
nowzt698
,2689
0987.
097
55
60
0900
;2,6__0__V
FM 6-40
millibars, (0987) to the nearest millibar (987
millibars).
10-go
Figure 10-7.
10-8
-====
............
I
FM 6-40
b.
10-9.
Army Command.
For use of this form, see FM 6-15; the proponent agency is United States Continental
DATE
LOCATION
LoLoL o
LaLaLa
or
or
OCTANT
96
___________
WIND
DIRECTION
LINE
UMBER
zz
(IO's M)
ddd
/;7'/75'
rf-
STATION
HEIGHT
0(1O'sM)
DURATION
(HOURS)
GGGG:hhh
vY
xxx
xxx
TIME
i (GMT)
ZONE&SVALUE
ZONE VALUES
WIND
SPEED
(KNOTS)
FFF
036
TEMPERATURE
(1/100K)
II
MDP
PRESSURE
MB's
PRESSURE"
(MILLIBARS)
PPPP
TTTT
303000
l0
04____0s=2
10
OVER 1000/(
101 KNOTS,
OBVIOUS ERROR
Figure 10-8.
DRASTIC
CHANGE
PRESSURE
INCREASE
10-9
FM~ 6-40
exact distance for every combination of
weather and terrain that might exist. Over
gently rolling terrain, met messages for
artillery are considered valid up to 20
kilometers from the balloon release point
(met section). The validity distance decreases
proportionately with the roughness of the
terrain and the proximity of large bodies of
water.
Section III
COWCURREWW MET
10- 10.
CHARACTERISTECS
10-11.
SEQUENCE FOR
SOLUTION OF A
CONCURRENT MET
b.
FM 6-40
g. Compute, corrected values for
temperature, density, entry range, crosswind,
range wind, and variations from standard.
h. Enter the TFT and determine the
following:
(1) Unit corrections from table F.
(2) Rotation corrections for range from
table H.
(3) Rotation corrections for azimuth
from table I.
i. Compute the met deflection correction
and position deflection correction.
j. Compute the met range correction and
position velocity error.
k. Enter variations from standard in the
MET FUZE CORRECTION block of DA
Form 4200, and determine unit corrections
from table J.
10-12.
SOLUTION OF A
CONCURRENT MET
FM 6-40
From the
METB31
005816
015816
025917
036021
046023
met station:
347985 271250 055972
010954
010956
008958
004960
002962
REGISTERING
PIECE
DISPLACEMENT
IF-B
0+1
0MTR12IS
11MIL0
REGISTERING
PIECE
DISPLACEMENT
CORRECTION
.L..R.I...
,.(L-....
...
S
ADJUSTED
DEFLECTION
1Wi
.40
10 ET
REGISTERINGPIECEDISPLACEMENT
CORRECTION
4
LATERAL
DISPLACEMENTL
R
10
CORRECTION
CORRECTED
DEFLECTION
(REGISTRATION)
(METERS.II
IMILl
J
2
!57
11MILl
CHARTDEFLECTION
11O TOTALDEFLECTION
CORRECTION
ILR1'a
(1 MILl
ACHIEVED
RANGE
(E
11
ASHEVO G, -
t510METERSI
REGISTERING
PIECE
DISPLACEMENT
CORRECTION
6.
IlaAILLR'IMILl
13
OFT
FT
O6
FT
DRFTCORECIO
I9-ADJUSTED
ELEVATION)
Il
GRAPHICALMFIING
TABLE OFTI
DEFLECTION
CORRECTION 19
n1MI)
19 1
LOT
ELEVATION
TIMETOA
CHARGE
LOT
RANGE
ELEVATION
TIME
CHARGE
LOT
RANGE
ELEVATION
TIME
RANGE
RL
11 MILl
(,IMILl
.-
DEFLECTION
CORRECTION
CHARGE
KY
2l
GETSETTING MANUALMETHOD)
152
14
503,35
18.9
F
OTLF
L2
R5
OFTSETTING(COMPUTERMETHOD)
BCSAMMUNITION
AND FIREUNIT
17
RANGE
RANGECORRECTION
.51-10.3
%%
REGISTRATION
TIMECORRECTION
180
HANDHELDCALCULATOR
RESIDUALS
DEFLECTION
CORRECTION
FUZEK
RANGEK
FADAC
RESIDUALS
DEFLECTION
FUZE
RANGE
K
19
REMARKS
5140
C ASFORM
...- ....... V..F7S
..d
PETIN
qr
i%'p
-r 0.
COER
MOBETE
EDITION
OFOCTOBER
1978 IS OBSOLETE
Figure 10-9.
10-12
Total corrections.
DEFLECTION
CORRECTION
TTAL
GF
FM 6-40
SHEET
METDATACORRECTION
cy is TRADC.
FM 6-40;proonenta
m. s.Pee
Feruseof hslo
MIT MESSAGE
BATTlT DATA
ALTMO
A 5 COmioECROS
iulYr(1
*lJOl
iA.N
ALIcOM
ofli E
o mm
AN .
OoOWImo0100Type.00000000
OAN
000000L
cmo
0.05500
DAILT
OM
ALTOFOP
rmoo
mmmota
0ND
DIPFLICTN
WINDCOMPOMETS
r1
ro l &,O' =Cc'?
ADD
Fi1e9
CNN
LEN THAN
" inosos
9
or
Woo Is
I,00z
[CTINOF""DO
ROT
ATIONL
C)COmm
mmmzc?
,l
oocoms
mos'l___
m~c~m~r
coum
co'm00
WIND
ECTIONiOF
CAon
ID
CRU
moo
A 4
se
'.
T
L
Can"
115101
NOSCROIS
umo
*c
uitnqUNITo
AI
RANG9"NO TT
comm
a
MET 9OL$
UNIT
FROM
VMUIATIONS
STANoA
lG9II0ONO'1
-vRAII
AIRO1114T1
coooc
ooc mm
le
liocm
OF VIE
COJAPUTATYM
TTAL.
iiANGO
00?
4iF
orAIII
DAN
D
itAN
.AA"GE
WIND,
CORMCCTmIO
pullOCRURECTIO
Tmp
ORPfO3
Tam
&,VRAwGI
om5yiOe
TO
TALA GICtO
UNIT
14V
FillT I6
Wl
AV
CORECTION
mET FUZIE
4 CETOAM
U6HS
65.MI
T
w514
AlIR
ODENSIT
Y
i
__________
.....
ocl
________
V 00* 0.0.000
O00
I
.Fula
TOTAL
Ci
I
PROJ
WEIGMT
TIO
.i
Fuze
MEiT
TOTALFUZlE
colinCTIONI
:V
LOLDFZf,',%o
AFORM
N7440
.....
I--,,
Figure 10-10.
R M 6
A F
R EPLA C ES
D
N INrZ.CORR
O
RM
A G
W H ICH
A PR 6 7
1 5 ,
z rCO
IS
BS
OL
10-13
FM 6-40
FT 155-AM-2
TABLE A
CHARGE
4G
LINE NUMBER
LINE
NUMBER
0
280.2
421.8
561.9
686.1
1
2
3
4
686.2- 863.6
863.7-1119.8
1119.9-1300.0
6
7
NOTE - WHEN THE PROJECTILE MUST HIT THE TARGET ON THE ASCENDING BRANCH
OF ITS TRAJECTORY, USE HEIGHT OF TARGET IN METERS TO ENTER THE
TABLE ON PAGE XXIV TO DETERMINE LINE NUMBER.
Figure 10-11.
10-14
FM 6-40
Figure 10-12.
CHRRe
AT O
BURSTTIME
ALT OF U@TRY S
TYPE ME SSAGE
TI;
l&--
b CORCI
ALT MOPiI
et)
ALT OF TARGETCNETDVLE
UNIT
CTNTAREW
fCTOOfUPRGI:NTSY
AL.T OF BIURST
T
jHA
HEIGHT OP TARGT
AL.T OF OTRY
t)
1) AMOVE GUN
(A000-
Sm
O.RECTION oPBIND.
DIRECTION
OPF
2S
fi
ROTATION L
CORR
DRIPFT
Figure 10-13.
10-15
FM 6-40
(2) Determine height of target above
gun (vertical interval) to the nearest 100
meters. It will be used to-determine
complementary range.
CaiPLEMENTARY RANGE
LI NE NURSER
CHARGE
4G
RANGE
[o
METERS
.400
3500
3600
3700
3800
39W0
-5 91
-iI
-61
64
-66
-68
9
-47
-49
50
-32
-_3,
1 ?3
-34
35
ir
ii
-72
-75
-77
-79
-55
-57
-59
-61
-38
-39
-40
-41
-19
4500
-82
-631
-431
-22
-65
-66
-68
-44
-45
-47
-48
-22
-23
-24
-84
-87
-89
-02
-70
. .
-20
-21
-211
400
500
600
34
52
71
91
112
11
133
16\
17
18
18
19
35
36
38
39
54
56
57
59
73
76
78
81
94
97
100
103
115
119
123
126
137
142
146
151
166
171/
176
01
20f
40f
61
83
106
130
155
18/
0
0
0
01
20
21
21
41
42
44
45
63
65
67
69
86
88
91
94
110
113
116
120
134
138
142
147
160
165
23
46
71
96
123
151
1f
-1i ?
23
24
25
25
0
0
-24
700
48
49
50
52
73
75
77
79
170
175
180
I
-l
99
102
105
108
127
130
134
138
164
169
185
190
196
202
-
2
i.
5000
-93
-72
-49
-25
26
53
82
111
142
174
207
242
5100
5200
5300
5400
-97
-100
-103
-10
-74
76
-79
-81
-51
-26
-28
55
56
58
59
84
86
89
91
14
146
150
154
159
179
184
189
195
213
219
226
232
2
2
-27
27
28
28
29
114
117
-53
0
0
0
0
-108
.-83
-29
30
61
94
128
163
200
239
31
32
32
33
63
65
66
68
131
135
139
143
168
173
178
183
206
212
218
225
246
253
261
269
29\
306\
316
32,
5500
-26
-5
-56
-30
-4
-117
-121
-85
-87
-90
-02
-58
-59
-61
-61
6000
-124
-95
-64
-33
34
70
108
147
188
232
277
6100
6200
6300
6400
-127
-131
-97
-100
-66
-68
-34
-35
0
0
0
35
151
156
161
194
200
206
239
246
254
286
-72
-37
37
39
111
114
118
-106
72
74
77
79
121
166
213
262
315
6500
-142
-109
-.
40
81
125
171
220
271
325
6600
6700
6800
6900
-146
-112
-76
39
-40
-154 J-159
-122
-81
-83
-41
-43
0
0
0
0
41
42
43
45
84
86
89
92
129
133
137
142
177
182
18
195
-2
235
243
252
280
290
300
312
337
349
362
377
4
42
447
7000
-164
-86
-44
46
95
147
202
261
324
393
46
5800
5900
-114
-134
138
-150
-103
'-115
-126
-30
-31
-32
-36
-70
'7
1.
2
11
102
105
3
Figure 10-14.
10-16
300
.I....-
5600
0
0
0
0
1-34
-37
-19{
4100
4200
43UO
4400
17
im
-18
-18
-70
4600
4700
4800
4900
4000
t.-
0
-16
100
1"1
-31
-
-100
-461- i
II
-200
&
Table B.
It
FM 6-40
TABLE C
CHARGE
4G
WIND COMPONENTS
CHART
DIRECTION
OF WIND
RANGE
WIND
KNOT
MIL
KNOT
KNOT
KNOT
H1.00
3200
T1.00
100
200
300
R.10
R.20
R.29
H.99
H.98
H.96
3300
3400
3500
L.10
L.20
L.29
T. 99
T. 98
T.96
R.38
H.92
3600
L.38
T. 92
400
500
600
700
R.47
R.56
R.63
H.88
H.83
H.77
3700
3800
3900
L.47
L.56
L.63
T. 88
T. 83
T.77
R.71
H.71
4000
L.71
T.71
800
R.77
R. 83
R. 88
H.63
H.56
H.47
77
1nn
900
1000
1100
42C0
,,1vv
4300
L. 83
L.88
R.92
H.38
4400
L.92
T.38
1200
1300
1400
1500
R. 96
R.98
R.99
H.29
H.20
H.iD
4500
4600
4700
L. 96
L.98
L.99
T.29
T.20
T.iO
1600
4800
Li .00
81.00
1700
1800
1900
8.99
R. 98
R.96
T.IO
T.20
T.29
4900
5000
5100
L. 99
L.98
L.96
H.10
H.20
H.29
R.92
T.38
5200
L. 92
H.38
2000
2100
2200
2300
R.88
8.83
R.77
T.47
T. 56
T.63
5300
5400
5500
L.88
L.83
L.77
H.47
H. 56
H.63
R.71
T.71
5600
L.71
H.71
2400
2500
2600
2700
R.63
R.56
R.47
T.77
T. 83,
T.88
5700
5800
5900
L.63
L. 56
L.47
H.77
H.83
H. 88
R.38
T.92
6000
L. 38
H.92
2800
2900
3000
3100
R.29
R.20
R.10
T.96
T. 98
T. 99
6100
6200
6300
L.29
L.20
L. 10
H.96
H.98
H.99
3200
Ti1.00
6400
MIL
0
T.63
T.56
T.47
H1.00
0
SEE
NOTE - FOR A COMPLETE EXPLANATION OF THE USE OF THIS TABLE,
GRAPH 13, EXPLANATION OF COMPONENTS OF A ONE KNOT WIND.
PARA-
Is
FM 6-40
FT 155-AB-2
TABLE 0
CHARGE
4G
TEMPERATURE
PROJ. HK. t107
FUZE. PD.,
57
ANDDENSITY CORRECTIONS
CORRECTIOMS TO TEMPERATURE (DT) AND DENSITY (DO, IN PERCENT,
TO COMPENSATE FOR THE DIFFERENCE IN ALTITUDE,
INMETERS. BETIEEN THE BATTERY AND THE MOP
F0DH OT
70- +S80 9 0
6030- +40-1 5020+100.0
0.0 -0.1.-0.1'-0.1A-0.1'0.2'B0.2+T-0.2.
-0.1' -0.2+ -0.3. -0.4' -0.5' -0.6'+ -0.7'
0.8' -0.9'
+100- DT -0.2' -0.2' -0.2 -0.3 -0 3 -0.3
0.3'-0.4'-0.4'0.4+
DO -1.0+ -1.1+ -1.2+ -1.3' -1.4' -1.5' -1.6' -1.7' -1.8' -1.9'
'200Dr -0.5+ -0.5' -0.5' -0.6' -0.6' -0.6' -0.6' -0.7'-0.7' -0.7'
0W -2.0' -2.1+ -2.2' -2.3' -2.4' -2.5' -2.6' -2.7' -2.8' -2.9'
'300- OT -0.7' -0.7' -0.7' -0.8'+ 0.8' -0.8. -0.8' -0.9'-0.9' -0.9'
DO -3.0' -3.1' -3.2+ -3.3
U
-3.4 -3.51 3.6
3.7'-3.8'-3.9
NOTES - 1. DH IS BATTERY HEIGHT ABOVE OR BELOW THE MOP.
2. IF ABOVE THE MOP, USE THE SIGN BEFORE THE NUMBER.
3. IF BELOW THE MOP. USE THE SIGN AFTER THE NUMBER.
0.0
DO 0.0
EFFECT
ON
VELOCITY
DEGREES
F
M/S
10-18
TEMPERATURE
OF
PROPELLANT
DEGREES
C
-6.4
-3.6
-4.8
-4.2
-40.0
-34.4
-28.9
-23.3
-3.5
-17.8
10
20
30
40
-2.9
-2.4
-1.8
-1.3
-12.2
-6.7
-1.1
4.4
50
-0.9
10.0
60
70
80
90
-0.4
0.0
0.4
0.8
15.621.1
26.7
32.2
100
1.2
37.8
110
120
130
1.7
2.1
2.5
43.3
48.9
54.4
Table E.
EFFECT
ON
VELOCITY
(MIS)
(oF)
TEMPERATURE
OF
PROPELLANT
-40
-30
a-20
-10
Figure 10-17.
+90
+0.8
+10
+82
+2 -- +80
2
10
X
0.4
2.(0.4) = IOX
.8 = loX
.08= X =l
x
+0.4
+0.4
-_
+0.4
+800 F
+0.1
+20 F (800 - 900 )
+0.5 m/s +820 F
Therefore,
A correction of +0.5 m/s corresponds to a
propellant temperature of +821 F.
FM 6-40
Figure 10-18.
Complimentary range, range wind, crosswind, temperature and density corrections, and
propellant temperature.
10-19
FM 6-40
j. Compute the corrected values for
temperature and density by applying the
values extracted from table D to the met
message temperature and density.
*is Form,
of
Noo
is TRADOC.
OATTERY DATA
CU!
AD)IE
ALT
TNY(7
I 5f46
40a z
CZ
DET MESSAGE
CHART AG
lI<
LATITUDIETPEMIEAAO
,DATE
LINE NO.
AREA/UNIT
-40MfroC
Il2
ALTIMOP
WINIDOlDN
PREssaE
AIR DEWGTV
aDP
0
DrY~CWV5
'~
ALTlO
TA a'TCORRECTIED
)
ALTOF DUST
ALT OF OTa
Z-0--a
1a
CORRECTION
VAIUES
C9
-324
RWNI
HIMIGHY
OF;TAAG
OP
IREMCTION
OF WINDINN5S
NAG
GIND COMPONENTS
OWN
i B9
TIME
AL-F10
AT O
t-r
,tis.
'~uA'l
L
OCTANT
CHAR
71)74Cor
M 4r
OFOPINGO
DIRE1CTION
DIRECTION
j5
NAG
OADEFLECTION
CA'
cce{&' c
c-10
1 ~t->
ROTATIOCNA
L
A
f~qCORR
CHART 0iNECTIOO
VINO ,o
WINODRIFT
tL
RANGME
O01"D
WINDO
ED
. SPEDR'CO
' ... O
=CL
DIND
Ro ...s~eo
ou
J
/i
3.NT.COS
K'NOTS:i',
.N
..;.tUNIT
T
ODEKfNOTS
CORR
CORR
TET
0EFLL
CORN
STANOARD
VALUES
VARIATIONSFROM
STANDARD
UNIT
CORECTIOR $
LU
IMUS
RANGEWVIND
,-EIA.T 3,(7
7 , //L
AIR TEOP
NOTATION
MET RANG
AR R
COMPUTATIONOF VE
PROP
C04ANGE
O
T_2P
-P.rm
N/S
IST
CCORRECTION
.mv
MEM
tRANGE.
MVUNIT
IM CORRECTION
av
.
.....
.TOTAL.
ORRESCTION
6V RANGE.
CORMECTIO0N
RANGE
CORRECTION
OLOVE
Figure 10-19.
10-20
'NERVIE
U-AVGVI
CS
FM 6-40
FT 155-AM-2
CHARGE
4G
r-r
R
A
N
G
E
E
L
E
V
FS
GRAZ E
BURST
AZ IMUTH
CORRECTIONS
CORRECTION FACTORS
10
11
12
13
DEC
HEAD
MIL
MIL
0.0
0.0
0.00
0.0
0.0
0.0
100
200
300
400
5.1
10.1
15.2
20.3
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.6
1.9
2.5
500
25.4
0.2,
0.02
3.1
600
700
800
900
30.6
35.8
41.1
46.4
1.9
2.2
2.5
2.8
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.04
3.6
4.2
4.7
5.3
-3.2
-3,7
-4.1
-4.3
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
1000
51.7
3.2
0.7
0.04
5.8
-5.0
1100
1200
1300
1400
57.1
62.5
67.9
73.4
0.8
0.8
0.9
1.0
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.06
6.3
6.8
7.3
7.9
1500
78.9
3.5
3.8
4.2
4.5
4.9 /
1.1
0.06
8.4
1600
1700
1800
1900
84.4
90.0
95.6
101.3
5.
5.
5.
6.,
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.6
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.08
8.8
.3
9.8
10.3
2000
107.0
6.6
1.7
0.08
2100
112.8
6.9
1.8
118.6
124.4
130.3
7.3
7.6
8.0
1.9
2.0
2.1
0.08
2200
2300
2400
2500
136.2
8.3
2.2
8.7
9.1
2900
142.2
148.2
154.3
160.4
2.3
2.5
2.6
2.7
3000
166.6
0.
2.9
3100
3200
3300
3400
172.9
179.2
185.5
191.9
10.5
10.9
11.3
11
3500
198.4
12.0
MIL
0
2600
2700
2800
9.1
TAIL
0.0
INC
DEC
INC
DEC
0.0
0.0
0.0
.0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-1
0.0
0.0
-2
INC
DEC
MUII
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
-7
-2.2
0.1
0.1
0.0
-0-..,
0.2
0.3
-0.1
-0.2
0.0
-0.1
0.0
0.1
-2.7
0.2
-0.1
0.5
-0.2
-0.1
0.1
-5
-0.1
-0.2
-0.2
-0.2
0.6
0.9
1.1
1.4
-0.3
-0.4
-0.5
-0.6
-0.1
-0.2
-0.2
-0.3
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.3i
-6
-7
-7
-8
6
7
8
8
0.7
-0.3
1.7
-0.8
-0.3
0.3
-9
0.8
0.9
1.1
1.2
-0.3.
-0.4
-0.4
-0.5
2.0
2.3
2.6
2.9
-0.9
-1.0
-1.1
-1.3
-0.4
-0.4
-0.5
-0.6
0.4
0.4
0.5
0.6
-10
-10
-11
-2
10
11
11
.12
1.4
-0.5
3.3 -1.4
-0. 71
0.6
13
13
-7.3
-7.-7
-8.1
-8.4
1.5
1.7
1.8
2.0
-0.6
-0.6
-0.7
-0.8
3.6
4.0
4.4
4.7
-2.6
-. 7
-1.8
-2.0
-0.7
0.8
-0.9
-1.0
0.7
0.8 -14 13
-14
0.9
-15
1.0
14
14
14
16
10.8
-8.8
2.2
-0.8
5.1
-2.1
-1.
1.1 -16
16
11.3
-9.2
2.3
-0.9
5.5
-2.3
-1.2
1.2
-0.6
-- 2
-5.4
-5.8
-6.2
-6.6
1 -70
-16
17
-i.5
-2.9
-1.7
1.6
-19
19
-3.0
-3.2
-3.3
-3.4
-1.8
-1.9
-2.0
-2.2
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.2
L-g
-20
-20
-21
20
20
21
22
8.7
-3.6
-2.3
2.3
-21
22
-1.6
-1.7
-1.8
-1.9
9.1
9.4
9.8
10.1
-3.7
-3.9
-4.0
-4.1
-2.5
-2.6
-2.7
-2,9
2.4
2.6
2.7
2.9
-22
-22
-23
-23
23
24
24
25
-1.9
10.4
-4.3
-3.1
3.1
-24
26
3.0
-1.2
6.9
0.11
-10.9
-11.3
-11.6
-12.0
3.2
3.4
3.5
3.7
-1.3
-1.3
-1.4
-1.5
7.3
7.6
8.0
8.4
0.12
15.4 -12.3
3.9
-1.6
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.4
0.12
0.12
0.13
0.13
15.9
16.3
16.8
17.3
-12.7
-13.0
-13.4
-13.7
4.1
4.2
4.4
4.6
3.5
0.13
17.7 -14.0
4.8
Figure 10-20.
-17
-17
-18
-10.6
13.1
0.10
0.10
3
4
1.3
1.4
1.5
5.8
6.2
6.6
13.6
14.1
14.5
15.0
9.10
-3
-4
-1.0
-. 0
-1.1
-9.5
-9.9
-10.2
-0.1
.....
2.5
2.7
2.8
11.7
12.2
12.7
0.11
PROJ WT
OF I SO
(4 SO STD)
0.0
1.3
0.09
0.09
0.09
61171181191
AIR
DENSITY
I PCT
AIR
TEMP
1PCT
RANGE
WIND
1 KNOT
MUZZLE
VELOCITY
1 M/S
OW
OF
IKNOT
isi
14
DRIFT
(CORR
TOL)
FUZE
M564
CHARGE
4G
TABLE F
-2.4
-2.6
-2.7
-1.3
-1.4
17
18
19
Table F.
10-21
FM 6-40
from columns 8 and 9 and record as shown in
figure 10-21. Extract the-values in both
column 10 and column 11, because it is
unknown at this time whether the MVV-will
be an increase or a decrease. Extract the other
values and record.
Met*or
HEIGHT OF TARGET
(hmt)AMOViZ GUN
M)I
COMP PG
CHART RG
ENTRY RG
11
DIRECTION OF
57.. 00
OIO
1ET
Po5
.
....
..
WVIND.
WIND
CORR
7-R
--
SPEED
COM
Qor)DRIFT
0
WIDSEDCtp
"4
DF CORRRT
..
.o
WIND SPED
LRR
L2
c
DF CO MI
TCT
KNOTS'
CROSNDI
UNIT CORR
1:
COR
KNOTS
RA
DRF
RANGI
VARIATIONS FROM
STANDARD
STANDARO
VALUES
UNIT
CORRECTIONS
PLUS
tlNUS
IT
/0/
AIR TEMP,
IL
100%
(372_
'tLZl
PROJ W-EIGHT07
2K5
64
_____
a/
-- ,31D
400_
:2/
7
ROTATION
MET
.
RANGECORR1
..
COMPUTATION OF VE
VE
VE
PROP
TEMP
2.
CHANGE TO MV
F
240
TOTAL RANGE
CORRECTION
RANGE4
-ETl
5CORRECTION
J5
Mv UNIT
M/S
CORRECTION
AV RANGE
CORRECTION
r
TOTAL RANGE
CORRECTION
OLD VE
NEW VE
AVG VE
--
FROM
UNIT
Z2
Figure 10-21.
10-22
FM 6-40
..
....
TABLE H
ROTATION - RANGE
FT 155-AM-2
4G
RANGE
METERS
500
1000
1500
2000
0
0
0
0
2500
-3+
6500
7000
7500
8000
-6+
+
-7+
-8+
-9+
-9+
-9+
-10+
- 11+
-12+
10+
-13+
11+
11+
-11+
-11+
-14+
-14+
-14+
-15+
-19+
-20+
-20+
-21+
-11k
-14+
-20+
-10+
-13+
-18+
-6
-4+
-7+
-4+
-4+
-8+
-7+
+
-8
+
-8
-4+
-3+
*
-7+
-6+
-5+
-5+
-4
0
0
0
0
-2+
-3+
-5+
-6+
-1+
-2+
-4+
-5+
-3+
32+
-3+
43+
800
2400
2600
-4+
6000
-1+
-2+
-3+
5000
5500
0
-1
1+
4000
4500
3500
600
400
2800
-2+
0
0
0
0
3000
200
3000
7+
-5
-*2+
-6+
8000
i
7500
-1+
-1+
7000
6500
6000
5500
5000
0
0
0
0
0
0
+1+2+2+3-
+1+2+3+5+6-
4500
+4-
+8-
3200
6400
3400
6200
3600
6000
-1+
+1+1+4+3+5-1+6+9+7+9- +12-
-7+
-8+
-9*
-9+
-2
-2+
-3+
-3+
+2
+1+5+5+8+7+11+10+15+14-
+5+9+12+16-
+2+5+9+12+16+22
412-
+15-
+18-
+20-
+21-
3800
5800
4000
5600
4200
5400
4400
5200
4600 1 4800
4800
5000
AZIMUTH OF TARGETNOTES
MILS
1. WHEN ENTERING FROM THE TOP USE THE SIGN BEFORE THE NUMBER.
2. WHEN ENTERING. FROM THE BOTTOM USE THE SIGN AFTER THE NUMBER.
3. AZIMUTH IS MEASURED CLOCKWISE FROM NORTH.
4. CORRECTIONS ARE FOR 0 DEGREES LATITUDE. FOR OTHER LATITUDES
MULTIPLY CORRECTIONS BY THE FACTOR GIVEN BELOW.
LATITUDE (DEG)
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
MULTIPLY BY
.98
.94
.87
.77
.64
.50
.34
10-23
FM 6-40
CHARo
03,,
CWOF
1 ..o.
..o...
.
.
..
:
MOD122
lzo
Nco t p "
TAIL
MAO
KNOTS
CORR
STANOARO
VALUES
T
RANGOU
AIR
VARIATIONS FROM
ST ANDARD
UNIT
CORRECTIONS
PLUS
P
MINUS
tO3p
DENSITY
00%
ZZo
1o?
_>o_
ROTATION
z4!L......
..
_____
_______
-31.0
, I____
<
,,,
g(
MET
RANGE
COAR
COMPUTATION OF V2
TOTAL RANGE
CORRECTION4
V.
PROP
TEMP
CHANGE TO MV
PORPROP TIEMP
MET RANGE
CORRECTION
is
MV UNI6T
CORR
Figure 10-23.
VRANCOE
CONNECTION
ANGE
.....
10-24
FM 6-40
CHARGE
4G
TABLE I
FT 155-AM-2
ROTATION - AZIMUTH
CORRECTIONS TO AZIMUTH,
IN MILS, TO COMPENSATE
AZIMUTH OF TARGET
RANGE
METERS
0
6400
400
6000
800
5600
1200
5200
1600
4800
2000
4400
2400
4000
2800
3600
3200
3200
500
1000
1500
2000
LO,1R
LO.IR
LO.2R
LO.2R
LO.1R
LO.1R
LO.2R
LO.2R
LO.1R
LO 1R
LO.2R
LO.2R
LO.1R
LO.1R
LO.2R
LO.2R
LO 1R
LO.1R
LO.2R
LO.2R
LO
1R
LO.1R
LO.2R
LO.2R
LO.1R
LO.1R
LO.2R
LO.3R
LO.1R
LO 1R
LO.2R
LO.3R
LO1R
LO.1R
LO.2R
LO.3R
2500
LO.3R
LO.3R
LO.3R
LO.3R
LO.3R
LO.3R
LO.3R
LO.3R
LO.3R
3000
3500
4000
4500
LO.3R
LO.4R
LO.4R
LO.5R
LO.3R
LO.4R
LO.4R
LO.5R
LO.3R
LO.4R
LO.5R
LO.SR
LO.4R
LO.4R
LO.SR
LO.5R
LO.4R
LO.4R
LO.5R
LO.6R
LO.4R
LO.5R
LOR.5
LO.6R
LO.4R
LO.5R
LO.6R
LO.6R
LO.4R LO.4R
LO.5R LO.5R
LO.6R LO.6R
LO.7R LO.7R
5000
LO. 5R
LO.5R
LO.6R
LO.6R
LO. 7R
LO.7R
LO.7R
LO.8R
LO.BR
5500
6000
6500
7000
LO.6R
LO.SR
LO.7R
LO.7R
LO.6R
LO.6R
LO.JR
LO.7R
LO.6R
LO.7R
LO.7R
LO.8R
LO.7R
LO.7R
LO.8R
LO.DR
LO.7R
LO.8R
LO.9R
L1.OR
LO.8R
LO.9R
L1.OR
L1.1R
LO.8R
L1OR
L1.1R
L1.2R
LO.9R
L1.OR
L1.1R
L1.3R
LO.9R
L1.OR
L12R
1.3R
7500
LO.R
LO.BR
LO.9R
L1.OR
L.1R
L1.3R
L1.4R
L1.5R
L1.6R
8000
LO.7R
LO.8R
LO.DR
L1.1R
L13R
L1 .R
L1.7R
L1.R
L1.YR
8000
LO.5R
LO.6R
LO.8R
L12R
L1.6R
L2.IR
L2.4R
L2.7R
L2.7R
7500
LO.3R
LO.4R
LO.7R
L1.2R
L1.8R
L2.3R
L2.8R
L3.2R
L3.3R
7000
6500
6000
5500
0.0
RO.3L
RO.5L
RO.9L
LO.1R
RO.1L
RO.4L
RO.6L
LO.5R
LO.4R
LO.2R
0.0
LI.iR
Li.iR
L1.OR
LO.DR
L1.8R
L1.9R
L1.9R
L1.DR
L25R
L2.7R
L2.DR
L3.OR
L3.1R
L3.4R
L3.7R
L3.DR
L3.5R
L3.DR
L4.2R
L4.5R
L3.78
L4.OR
L4.4R
L4.7R
5000
R1.2L
RO.DL
RO.3L
LO.SR
L2.OR
L3.2R
L4.2R
L4.DR
L5.1R
RO.SL
LO.BR
L2.OR
L3.3R
L4.4R
L5.2R
L5.4R
2400
4000
2000
4400
1600
4800
1200
5200
800
5600
400
6000
0
6400
4500
Ri.SL
3200
3200
Ri.3L
2800
3600
WHEN ENTERING FROM THE TOP USE THE SIGN BEFORE THE NUMBER.
WHEN ENTERING FROM THE BOTTOM USE THE SIGN AFTER THE NUMBER.
R DENOTES CORRECTION TO THE RIGHT, L TO THE LEFT.
AZIMUTH IS MEASURED CLOCKWISE FROM THE NORTH.
Figure 10-24.
Table I.
DIRtECTION oF WIND I5
*WHEN
Of 'WINDO
DIRECTION
.Q~I
MOTATION
COR DL
DECIO
Figure 10-25.
10-25
FM 6-40
q. Compute the met deflection correction
by multiplying the crosswind unit correction
factor (table F, column 9) by the crosswind
value and recording as shown in figure 10-26.
Then total the values for rotation, drift, and
crosswind and express to the nearest mil.
This value represents that part of the total
deflection correction due to measurable (met)
conditions.
ADJOE
ALTOfrO
ALT o
CHARL..
UET UESSAGE
T]. DE
.PE5.ESAOE.
OCTNT
tIEAUIT
oRaF
pL
05
HlGTorTAacETr
0S
CONESA
_I
IH
.59cC.
or......
mo
-7'7Cr- ,,,'COALz9.
OFSvALTS
DoT
PRJ"EI
J3Z
r
coR
{UqRST
OY
ALDTIOFTARGT3GiiCORiiCTDViii
NO
MPTTRATION
OF
VDCOMPUNITAMDDFETIONOFV
TI N.f..D.S..
CHENDI
E
LESS
iREru
, ,or
.',A
Z j
.,
.....
....
+o.sF61411= ?.-400"
INOD
;nO
9PC
'@
Figure 10-26.
10-26
FM 6-40
FM 6-40
agency is TRADOC.
MET MESSAGE
BATTERY DATA
C ARGEADJOE
UTS ......
OTYCTANT
......
2-7
ARE
A/oIT
IP/(571
4-2
ALT OP
FTARET
ALTOF
iM (s7f.*
ALT
Rote)ar
OFTAR-I
CotttO
&Ler)
WINDCOMHPONENTS
AND DEFLECTION
CAT Fin
[STIhO
&Zcc........
IN
i[
,m
o0oS)Ec
IN
s~rIN
CATG..ET
O~MP
. ./
ir
PoA
@A,
ONENTS
MDrEFLCI
o u p..
Lit.THN..
M IR1&
ADDI
ONT
C0
Comm.
T.S
&.
. ..
7 .
MET RANGECORRECTION
~~-~t2.
.... c. 0
a7.L
G777.-
4..
Ae~~ngEO~
___Comm
-3,t
oATVE,
VE-MuOT
us
.~ - ~:~'~
RANGE
*TOTAL
~CORRECTION
LAV*
MS
.;NT
12 9AV RANGE
CORS(CTION-5 4.l
CORRECTION
IIANGE
IT
Figure10-271
Metrangecorrecion ad
postion
LL~)
(J 0 )
(0)
TA
EoCityerror
10-27 FOLDIN
FM 6-40
u. Enter variations from standard in the
MET FUZE CORRECTION block (fig 10-28).
COMPUTATION OF VE
TOTAL RANGE
VE
PROP
TEMP
&F
MTUZCRETCORRECTION
CHANGE TO MV
FOR PRO.! T EMP
MET RANGE
CORRECTION
M/S
RANGE
MV UNITAV
CORRECTION
M/ S
CORRECTION
TO TAL
R ANG E
CORRECTION
OLD VE
+' NEW VE
AVG VE
Z.
T'
CORRECTION
......
..
PLUS
......
,o!US 3
9; Z
-0
,v
RANGE WIND
./11/.-13
AIR TEMP
AIR DENSITY
PROJ WEIGHT
ILSCORREC
__
TO N
_
,....~TOTAL
FUZE
TION
MET FUZE
CORRECTION
FLI'ZE
CORRECTION
TOTAL
TAR'
NEW
N )&FPT2
DA, FM
FZ (ORR
"2"
-
IATTFRyDATE
4200
F-ZCORR
TIME
Figure 10-28.
AVG
FUZE
CORREC TION
ICORRECTIOL
7.,WHICH IS OBSOLETE
10-28
FM 6-40
FT 155-AM-2
PROJ, HE, M557
FUZE, MTSQ, M564
TABLE J
FUZE CORRECTION FACTORS
CHARGE
4G
11
10
35
17
FS
INC
DEC
TAIL
HEAD
DEC
PROJ WT
OF 1 S0
(4 SO STD)
AIR
DENSITY
I 1PCT
AIR
TEMP
1 PCT
RANGE
WIND
1 KNOT
MUZZLE
VELOCITY
1 M/S
INC
DEC
DEC
INC
INC
0
1
2 -.006
3 -.049
4
-.012
5
-.014
6 -.017
7 -.052
8 -.022
9
.025
10 -.027
.000
.006
.042 .001
.011 -.00
.000 -.001
.000 -.001
.00 -.003
.000
.01
.001
.000 .000
007 -.007
.000 -.000
.013 -.001
.001
-.004
.002
.001 -.001
.0824.024
-.001
-.001
-.001
-.002
.028 -.028
.038-.032
.035 -.036
.039 -.040
.056 -.004
0125.014
.002 --.
02-.02
.042 -.044
11 -.030
12
13 -.032
-.035
14 2 -77
15 039
-.
16-. 042
17 -.044
18
047
-. 049
19 -.
.05
.026
.021 -06
.030 -. 014
.066 .007
.002
.002
.003
.003
-.014
i-.015
-.017
-.018
.006
.007
.007
.008
.003 -.003
.003 -.003
.004 -.04
.004 -.004
.045
.049
.052
.055
-.047
-.051
-.055
-.059
.04 - .007
.00
-. 261
.016
.018
.020
.022
.001
.001
.001
.002
-.002
-.002
-.003
-.04
-.005
-.007
-.032
-. 034
.003
.003
.004
.04
001
.001
.002
.002
.011 -.011
.015 -.05
.020 -.020
-. 00
.016
.015 -.04
.5
.009
.010
.005 -.005
.006 -.006
.062 -.066
.065 -. 070
-.009
010
-.
.004
.004
026
-.-.025
.010
.011
.006 -.
007
-. 006
.007
-.010
.004 -.027
.011
.008 -.007
.074 -.081
.012
.012
.013
.008 -.008
.009-.009
-. 009
.010
.078 -.084
.081
091
-. 088
.084 -.
-.012
.005 :-.032
.013
.010 -. 010
.087 F. 095
25i-. 064
.054 -.013
.006 ,-.034
.014
.011 -. 011
.090 1-.099
26i-.067
27' .069
28 -. 0o72
) -. 074
29
.056 -. 013
.059 -. 013
-. 014
.061
.063 -. 014
.006 -.035
.006 -. 036
.006 -. 037
.006 -. 038
.014
.014
.015
.015
.012
.013
.013
.014
.065
.007
-.039
.015
.015 -.015s
.016
.016
.016
L.017
.040
.042
20
-.052 .044
21 -,.054 .046
22
.048
057 .050
! -.-. 059
231
24 -.062 .052
) -. 077
30
31 .-.079
32- _ 082
333 -. 084
4 -. 8
.067
.070
.072
074
-.5 9
077
-.015
-.015
-. 01_5
-. 01.5
-.016
.007
.007
.007
.007
-.040
-.041
-.041
-.042
-.016
.0
-.043 [.017
Figure 10-29.
MI
-.
-.
-.
-.
012
012
013
014
"
, 9.7
1
WN.T
D...1-
......? I.
AR..NSTY
2.3
-.
-.
-.
-.
103
107
110
114
.107 -.118
.016
.017
.018
.019
-.016
-. 016
-. 017
-. 018
.110 -.121
.114 -. 12.5
.118 -.128
.122.-132
_.019
.127-.135
Table J.
PFUZECORRECTION
41"
sTiFP
RAG
.093
.096
,100
.103
-o.o52-
-0.010
+ooi iq~
+0.0oS
Figure 10-30.
___
10-29
FM 6-40
Figure 10-31.
10-13.
POSETErON
CONSTANTS
FM 6-40
METDATACORRECTION SHEET
BATTERYDATAIMEMSAG
095to
TYE
_____tl
NEC
000
TIC-Tt
N~s
OmIrLo
?O4T
Itd
Alo9A
rTAT
..
ko l 1A21SPED.I219z
A3
'iP
OTTRNGECORRECTION
COMPUATIONOF Y
*'F
Icup
ORPIO v
~r~t: '~j19k20#
~S'~A
t -
VARITIO
FRO
STIA
PUZE CORRECTION_
DAFORM
- *A--
UNTii
CORECION
. A L
PILUS
iku
*oNr-GflA__
czOt
rv 0 A~
0!
P)
Pt)
CORRfCFION
NO
ICU
I))
9
U
CUSL
TE
10-31
FM 6-40
b. When a unit has displaced to a new
position and cannot register immediately, the
MVV and the position fuze constant from the
last position may be used as a basis to
determine a met + VE GFT setting by solving
a subsequent met. Use of this technique may
incur slight inaccuracies, but it will produce
the most accurate data possible until a
registration can be conducted. Any fire
mission that is used to determine, total
corrections is a registration. As soon as
possible, new position constants based on
Section IV
SUBSEQUENT MET
10-14.
CHARACTERISTICS
10-15.
SEQUENCE FOR
SOLUTEON OF A
SUBSEQUENT MET
Note. Asterisks indicate the values that
may be the same as those for the concurrent
met if the battery and met station have not
moved. If the battery moves, the MVV and
the position fuze correction will be valid in
the new position. If common directionexists
between positions, the position deflection
correction is also valid in the new position.
b.
c.
message data.
*d. Compute
above gun.
e.
FM 6-40
SHEET
METDATA CORRECTION
SATTEETDATA
ILOJQ9
LHOJROE
T
MY? IOUT
C~oS
oNKfloMI
RENKOCTN
E 0055001
jACSTrU
CART00
'L<'
IUtI00
PO
~2
ALTOFMODP
1
6 CORMELCTi0R
AOO .A
EEL
OPOOENoal0
_ __ _
_ __ __"___
__"5
0LSP
T-Z"
CCE
ME1POFOP
FRCOP
AG
"0"I
............
UN
.Wtl
CHAR
oup no
O
oI
-r
VALVESI
ICONNECTED
14o rII4W5o
14 oP
Talfa
AID DEFLECTION
IND COMPONENTS
OMEN
0DIRECTION
Of
o
IND.
.o
UIM COO
tLS TRMnMM1
10-16.
SOLUTION OF A
0f&%
$
V,
t% Cot.
"M-O
OPMSDr
SUBSEQUENT MET
The sample problem below describes the
solution of a subsequent met by use of the
steps outlined in paragraph10-15. The
position constants and known data from
paragraph 10-12iwill be used. The following
met message is valid (notice that met station
has moved):
METB31 342988 271450 029088
002216 951036
012320 950040
022621 942052
032921 941058
043125 940060
DIRECT MC)00%O
WINDCORR
1
COURT ReCTiOCOP
coSS
"NO
mooD
MONKNOTSCON
coRN
CR00KNOS
SEEDcoop
KNON
V0.1051
PLUS
oUNIT
CONNECTIORS
'VRIATNS o om
SyTANDOCRO
~I
MINUS
M0MM1?00%
Es
ONCA
RESORT
SO
......
........
PoS VE
4M VV%=JE
=
+ -t-)
-t.
A.B.m
V - ,
+ AA,
--
-I
CORRn
TRANGE
.... .
OF YE
COMPUTATION
0105
5CROIS
WNDRS %L
SCCOUP
no
)TOTSAL
Tam9
pFOR0P0
*RT
9TmC
mv
&EMWsCORRCTION
MRN
N
CONCTI
TOMV9.
PROPHANG
oIS
UlIl
4&V
MI G
CORRECTIO
TOTAL
hANGE1
OLDVI
f4r T+-C
.VGVIE
MIS
oIT
METFUZECORRECTION
DAUA420
E
0ORET
FROM
03
IA
PLiS
.K
IS
tlNO
D''."
RAINGE
AIRn
DENSITYV ,.!.
,
TALrUZE
"TO
F~ UZ
METr U
Te4,
00
CRRPR,=~p
AITr
0o-Vt , r+,ir
,
AP
R6 ,HI ISoBSoLC
615,+.
FA
ORM0RPLAES AORM
DAIIJAN744
10-33
FOLDIN
+..
FM 6-40
METDATACOR CTIONSHEET
For use ofAls formto
BATTERY DATA
MET MESSAGE
%100.3
9 $ e,3)
2 0 %..
LTYOForsY(1,2.......
.
Z2
.MOP'
ALT, OF
*....
(bS
..r:.i:a.Q..
S.(I',
,
_ I C)ot
MwuIwo
ALT
OF
ALTorBUSTIi
(psAO
MS
WHO tMRANG5
9 lworM
a la
isILI
I",I
MS
o-OUP
@6L
....
~t m ,.
.....
La# '
CA4
L.I4
METETSAN!NECTVAS
l
MASON-I~
011SFll
MSYP..
I
A46r bE
co
/IR01s0f,
EEor osu
s6twOCotCtIeN
4
a.
9!.
LINE.'R.
mo
COOC
FE
CTION
~m
'!*TI1
..
mrAl
a
-TM
0307-A
(do
dp 4::)
-IN,
I.....L______
--
f- .
1(o.-
M0 RFIn aA00
Ron?
ICHAA?
...
Y..T..
z2&.
.
'.S
' ,
COTPUTOFIMIN*OCoo*
_ iNOT-AT
_
_.
(--7.a,)_-
-9.1
_p.
.79To 45
_lL
IC""
COMP IT
SEEP
e
W'YP.-C.
"0
-La
+-0Ge,
"-~~d
~
*$
VonI
o p tmp
ci
E::.+
CTIO04
..
SCY
....
.. 4
T$5........
.....
t<.) aa...
s +.,-,.J
Cass:
c.ao
--I .
A"
(. ,)
' .W 4
f
Of
s...ECTIONSA+
..
r-A
-
W-,"
A,!=1.A
an..-
L
P.>
-(
j.
METFUZECIRECTION
P-3
n )4 AAI o.442250
,v f 1,-.
AV 19A s ..
q336
+oo+
_ __,.
.-.,
MANCIC;us"D
.......
EIGHT
'.9
/1/.o
o
T
::::'OTA
.0.5
P)
M
OLoEG
,+o
DAFORM
20
rt
15c
REPLACES
OA
-lAna/bLz/9o0
10-33
10-34
P)
FM 6-40
n. Enter table F and determine the unit
corrections.
Section V
10-17.
EIGHT-DIRECTION
MET
FM 6-40
OCTANT VII
5451
OCTANT III
2251
Figure 10-35.
__I\
10-36
Met octants.
FM 6-40
oqSncy is TRAOOC.
MET MESSAGE
DATA
BATTERY
2,,O
opa.UPSAP
49A9. 1
ALllTOF
T_4 -Z__
O S,2
..
bCONNECTION
A
uARGETl
114116"OF618IT
GE TA
.
...
ALT
OFiU
ST
2-55
DOIGMT
OfPTARUET
74~-2~"
CI 00
......
-U
...........NJj
AND DEFLECTION
WINDCOMPONENTS
WREN
D.DE9CTICOF
A IN
11
040
c)A-a
a.o
IRECTION
of, "No
AP
MAAP
T0N-
16F
USE
C"
COFWE
COFUTATI
DEATAOC
..
a..AA
CAAC
AD
Cl:DZ~A
;,T6Zk
.AUU...TUAC
IV r
ItQ4
IF
S--
L-'
)0b
04
coo.
OMUATO
NYDIO
o
wolac E~io
P.
A zMOT *
_t
io3
1s
3
+AR IVAUN
_____342
L' WtW14'~
DA
0Oc-T
M
FO1
-7-J
0~01
....
qAr
sFl
4200
.
<<,,,C
Figure 10-36.
..
wL
...
Eight-direction met.
10-37
FM 6-40
R4.
10-18.
10-19.
MET TO A TARGET
10-38
FM 6-40
[
CC
AA~rD3
EMP.0
Lo
it
Sod
Sac, 1 -eN
CRGig
ALTOFIFTFIY;
/OI'N)
(..
LINENO
S7c
s..z
^LT Nap
2-a
4; 15
""1 11"
1.
EPEE .. * TcMP
AIROE.SITI
^LT Of MOP oj P,
Ell
c-
Is CORRECTION
or jA141
VITR
160.4
CGRETD
AUE
TIME
OCT.
t -f$$-Gf
--
i.f,,19
X-A, ING
Avj pt
GE
c.
A0IZARA
METMESSAGE
NATTERYDATA
METMESSAGE
SATTERYDATA
ACmIA
METDATACORRECTION SHEET
ofthi.
Fr us.
.4
1355VACRCCCC~~CI
ALTO TCTGEJ
-MS
ALT '*CCC)(or.0
OF OU
FACIONC
~ 1 3&17i7RUILOO
jFgWW-j
ff
lcm.mr mc.
If
ANDDEFLECTION
WINDCOMPONENTS
CLSCb
RCWRNICCOWNOOCCU
&
T7ho.Ct:
-aLC
COCSOO
L-
oA.A
CORR ECT
NT)ANDE
WI D CmPE
T
OF ."D
Wmc.O.*j
IO
ION0
Co.
Rfo
onOCETICAOFP
CO.R
WOD
NRA
L,
RANGECORRECTION
MECT
KNOWNI
CANON
No.
CNU
U17
NC
PRO9
-A.E
OP
DIRECTIONCOMPUTATION
N.MOg
.Ac'410.
ACTST
1
I
OF YE
COMPUTYATION
TC
4PC~
f
'I
1"'P
:1I
El
0C :sI?
.At~~~YCL 2.L6
15..
-C .,
nQl
3.
It
11
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0Si
6v
'0111<
r)
-I
94
CORRECTION
.FZI.MTPUE
f..,r
.1.0
nn
k.-I
CI
2C-3-0I
3730 225
_
.,,IP4
co.llc
, 11TO
UCE CORRECTION
ICA-.
I?-
n ci
0N-CV
0CINCGCC
CT
~7j 2.Pb~ZjL~j~j
! 4=:Q..5+~
-1
-0 --
4,EIL(C.
aC-CI
+8
-,ICC
c"Nc.RHCToA
sr
RCAPao
CACARETOCAMVl
CPLf
flCu'pWN
Ctf-
0CP~C
" 10.11.
1CTI...
12..
1214
-0C
Iue103.
e ta mtchc0ggpit
raneo580
DA~
~
20REPLACESI
TCIF qPCOo'MA
6 15iI
DA FC1M
DA FORINA6 15, 1 APR 67. V041CH IS OBSOLETE
Figure 10-37.
10-39 FOLDIN
10-39
FM 6-40
voDNof it
oIN
II...FM
6.40;
C- .-2
MONT
0
~... l.
pr~pDI,%g
i..
TRACOC.
MESSAGE
ATAMET
BATTERY
1CT..TOC
..
ALTSOcWOOto
CLO
Lt{.o0,
CIO
AN
RINLCTPOONF
AN
DELECIO
a*
AN ,
ID
NELTANGECORRCTIO
NEND
to~
cujA4.
WIN CMPNEN$
NDDEFECIO
DCOMPUTATIONFO.aYE
DRIN
or
0NIMN
~ ~
u z
1%..14
I-CL
FUE
PJE CORRECTION
534
DkA,
?M
PL(
IIF
11
Figure 10-39.
FOLDOUT 10-39
10-40
IAl-llwICI$QTL
Met to a target.
-q
FM 6-40
FiRE
CALL
FOR
/s
Tocr
Sl
ObevrAF~EqS/
/4
/K
Grid:
Polor:Dir
Shift
Dis
Dir
C-k/-0C
,Sh,
FZ
o.
Firing
Ha
29,v Unit
M,.
Fig ur$h,
Cho, F1
Corr
~
~
.~ ~r'o6,
, 4LT
FS TMe
,I
Corr
~
:T
FI4541M
EPACE DAtc
F OR
ii F* A SO,I I~
FO*M*IP~~iS
...
....
VM V504
__
toLt k 4
Corr
mlllm
t Chart
Of
Ig Fi
CH
Fired
n,
Ti
Chart
I
MOBl Si
Cor
-o-.
r)
'(7
0'35
" 8
Df
Dl
FIRECOMMANDS
SUBSEQUENT
iOfCorr
i
MOBCorr
lOt Si
10
Si
ioc4on (tt
Sb-
Priorit
MF
AC
oct
20/
,f
..
&,
INITIALFIRECOMMANDS
Splensir
VA /0U/C
FIREOlDER TI,,
air
U/D
of
'
Exlp
Type
.
:ii:ii
...............
iii:iiiiil~
'
i:i:ii:!!:::::i~::!
:..............
:::
,::
........
. : - CAr
iOIE:F
~~......
~c ~
in
UEf O
T76WHCHI OSOLT
Figue
el o atame
IO40. -- PIC
FM 4
SEE
Fo uslof.TI...*.......-4.
fFIS
FOR
mision
i.
10-41
FM 6-40
Section VI
10-21.
n-01"7
14
FM 6-40
(4) Multiply AV by the charge 5GB MV
correction factor to determine the A V range
correction.
(5) Add the computed met range
correction for charge 5GB to the AV range
correction to determine the total range
correction.
(6) Add the total range correction to the
range of the met check gage point to
determine the range corresponding to
adjusted elevation.
10-43
FM 6-40
/I
T he
muzzle velocity developed by a
howitzer is the measurement of the
11
11-1.
MM"MM""%WtA,
DEFINITIONS
M109A1 /A2/A3
PROPELLANT TYPE/PROJECTILE COMBINATIONS
POWDER MODEL
PROPELLANTS
PROJECTILE FAMILY
HIGH EXPLOSIVE
NUCLEAR
ROCKET ASSISTED
DPICM
COPPERHEAD
M3
SERIES
M4
SERIES
M119
SERIES
2-5
ALL
ALL
NO
NO
NO
ALL
ALL
ALL
ALL
NO
NO
NO
ALL
NO
NO
NO
NO
2-5
3-5
4-5
NO
ALL
ALL
4-7
M206
M197
11-1
I
I
I
FM 6-40
f. Calibration-thedetermination of an
g.
h. PreferredCharges-thecharges
11-2.
CALIBRATION
Preferred charges.
Figure 11-1.
i. Inferred Calibration-thedetermin-
Figure 11-2.
FM 6-40
c. Calibration.
(1) Determination of data. The
howitzer section mounts the M90 velocimeter.
The executive officer directs the velocimeter
operator to record all administrative data on
DA Form 4982-1-R (M90 Velocimeter Work
Sheet) (fig 11-3 and app J). The M90 readout
Figure 11-3.
11-3
FM 6-40
MVCT M90-1
AND M198
PROJ. HE.
CORRECTIONS TO MUZZLE VELOCITY IN METERS PER SECOND
TO COMPENSATE FOR DIFFERENCES IN
PROJECTILE WEIGHT AND PROPELLANT TEMPERATURE
TEMPERATURE
GF
PROPELLANT
DEGREES
PROJECTILE WEIGHT
IN SQUARES
M107
TEMPERATURE
OF
PROPELLANT
1 SQ
2 SQ
3 SQ
4 SQ
5 SQ
6 SQ
7 SQ
DEGREES
-40
-30
-20
1.2
.6
.1
2.9
2.3
1.6
4.6
4.0
3.5
6.3
5.7
5.2
6.0
7.4
6.9
5.7
9.1
8.6
11.4
10.
10.3
-40.0
-34.4
-28.9
-10
-.5
1.2
2.9
4.6
6.3
6.0
9.7
-23.3
.6
2.3
4.C
5.7
7.4
9.2
-17.8
-i.1
10
20
30
40
-1.7
-2.3
-2.9
-3.4
.0
-. 6
-1.1
-1.7
1.7
1.2
.6
.0
3.4
2.9
2.3
1.7
5.2
4.6
4.0
3.4
6.9
6.3
5.7
5.2
8.6
8.C
7.5
6.5
-12.2
-t.7
-1.1
4.4
50
-4.0
-2.3
-. 6
1.1
2.9
4.6
6.3
10.0
60
-4.6
-2.9
-1.2
.6
2.3
4.0
5.8
15.6
70
80
90
-5.2
-5.8
-6.4
-3.5
-4.0
-4.6
-1.7
-2.3
-2.9
0.0
-.6
-1.1
1.7
1.2
.6
3.5
2.9
2.3
5.2
4.6
4.1
21.1
26.7
32.2
100
-7.0
-5.2
-3.5
-1.7
.0
1.8
3,5
37.8
110
120
130
-7.5
-8.1
-8.7
-5.8
-6.4
-7.0
-4.0
-4.6
-5.2
-2.3
-2.9
-3.4
-. 6
-1.1
-1.7
1.2
.6
*1
2.g
2.4
1.8
43.3
48.9
54.4
..
..
Figure 11-4.
11-4
155MM,. MI09AI
HOWITZER,
CHARGE
4G
..
..
FM 6-40
value to the readout average. The correction
tables contain data to reflect what the
readout average would have been if the
reading had been determined with a
4-square-weight projectile and a propellant
temperature of 700 -F. Enter MVCT-M90-1
with the appropriate weapon system and
projectile family. Locate the page containing
the table for the same charge fired in the
calibration. Enter the table with the
temperature of the propellant at the time of
the calibration and the weight of the
projectile fired in the calibration. Interpolate
the value to correct the readout average to
standard, and apply that value to the readout
average.
EXAMPLE:
Given:
Propellant temperature: +460 F
Projectile weight: 3 squares
Readout average: 559.5 m/s
MVCT-M90-1 extract (fig 11-5)
Determine the calibrated muzzle velocity.
1. Enter MVCT-M90-1 table using
propellant temperature to nearest 1' F and
projectile weight to nearest listed value as
entry arguments. (Interpolationof datafrom
tables will be required.)
2. The value extracted from the table is the
correction factor which, when applied to the
readout average, corrects the data to reflect
the standardpropellant temperature (700 F)
and the standard projectile weight (4
squares). Since interpolation will be
required, extract the range of values that
contains the correction factor.
From table:
F
-400
0 m/s
60
100
460
-0.6 m/s
6/10 =X/-0.6
lox = -3.6
X= -0.36 ,Z -0.4 m/s
0 m/s + (-0.4) m/s = -0.4 m/s
POWDER GROUP
DATE
122 MhY 4 M + AZ
LOT NUMBER
FIRST POWDER
SHELL/FAMILY
/wA
-23-576
NUMBER/CHARGE FIRED
/GUN
ITEMS
1/
2/
4/7
3/
S/
6/
A-22
A-24.A-26
1/22
223-3
565.4 56 .4 566J
4. CALIBRATEDMUZZLE VELOCITY
562.9 562.8
317.1 m/s
+ (-0.4) m/s
316.7 m/s
-2-5
-2
35317 4L
'3&
'SG
,. 5 6.,4 565.4
-2.2-. -2-
/- 5
-4-0.I
DE
POWDER GROUP
21f
6/
4/7
3/
4_
VELOCITY
562.6
-2.2
S. FIRST
(5) LOTPIECEMUZZLEVELOCITYVARIATION
-2.2
15)
0-7
VELOCITY VARIATIONS6
13. SECONDLOTSTANDARD
MUZZLEVELOCITY
LL't
I IlA
,pA
D
AO9
n
CA
-ru ,s.-n
,r.mi~v
eOrtl- 0"4
CA
LUIION
-0.6 m/s
Figure 11-5.
11-5 FOLDIN
FM 6-40
11-3.
DETERMINATION OF
MUZZLE VELOCITY
FOR SUBSEQUENT
LOTS
MVV.
11-6
FOLDOUT 11-5
I
11-4.
CALIBRATION OF
SUBSEQUENT LOTS
FM 6-40
Chapter 12
SECTION I
CHARACTERISTICS
12-1.
TYPES OF
REGISTRATIONS
FM 6-40
12-2
FM 6-40
12-3.
WHEN TO CONDUCT
REGISTRATIONS
IN:
AND DIRECTION?
WEAPON LOCATION
NO
DETERMINE FIRING
CORRECTIONS FROM
MET + VE COMPUTATIONS
YES
>
DETERMINE FIRING
CORRECTIONS FROM A
REGISTRATION.
NO*
SHOOT SUBSEQUENT
MISSIONS USING
OBSERVED FIRES
(ADJUST FIRE).
SHOOT SUBSEQUENT
UNOBSERVED MISSIONS
WITH BEST
]
AVAILABLE DATA.
Figure 12-1.
Registrations.
12-3
FM 6-40
Section II
PRECSD
1
12-4.
IEGDSW&TDAThS
DEFINITEON AND
OBJECTIVE
12-5.
ENITATION
12-4
REGISTRATION, NUMBER 4, 1
ROUND, LOT XY, CHARGE 4, QUICK
AND TIME. In this example, PRECISION
REGISTRATION tells the FDC the type of
mission to be fired. QUICK AND TIME tells
the FDC the correction to be determined for
both quick and time fuzes. The registering
piece is selected as the piece closest to the
GBC and by its average shooting strength; in
this case, number 4 firing one round. If there
is more than one registration point available
or if a second lot is to be registered, that
information is also specified in the fire order;
for example, PRECISION REGISTRATION, REGISTRATION NUMBER 4,1
ROUND, CHARGE 4, QUICK AND
TIME, REGISTRATION POINT 1 or
PRECISION REGISTRATION NUMBER 4,1 ROUND, LOT XY, CHARGE 4,
QUICK AND TIME, LOTS X AND W.
b. When the RATELO hears the fire
order, he will send a message to observer to
alert the observer. C8T16, THIS IS C8T23,
REGISTER ON REGISTRATION
POINT 1, QUICK AND TIME. OVER.
The registration point is always specified to
the observer. The range probable error is also
announced in the message to observer when
it is greater than 25 meters. See FM 6-30.
c. Digital transmission procedures are
discussed in the DMD and BCS operator's
manuals.
12-6.
IMPACT PORTION OF
THE REGISTRATION
FM 6-40
RECORD OF FIRE
FIRE
FOR
CALL
Eg
5o
ObserverSbLot"Qo9AF/FFE/i$/g
PNO:B
MF S
..
Fu/D r
SDSh
,osIMr
ot
Tot
ew
ciChg,____/_
, +Of
FrCoir
Dev
e
1R 00O
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L40 +20 1
5 -
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LI
1,
s, .
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++++!++
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52(00
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i ( $Type
)
11
I.V.
+ +ii+l (
3 q +~i++i
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.:..:.:..::::::::
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Bt FORM A4504
78
DAIOCT
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++++
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U ll
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+
FS
'
0Fg
Dir, M F
Sh, Ft
F30
OIfV
-3S
Si/
IO
. ...
......
____
CP
h-7-7O
fN
RF
ORDER
FIRE
T1
FTti
.
......
' '......
..........
OF THIS
cFORM,
SEEs AoFM
&-40;
STAO
54TEPOOETAEC
Figure 12-2.
Impact registration.
12-5
00
FM~ 6-40
12-7
IREGESTEIEING PEfECE
DIOPLACEMENT
12-3).
(1)
Figure 12-3.
12-6
12-Oo
FM 6-40
RECORD Of FIRE
PRIEC. REG..QG'TA
-PT2
R-------F
CALL
OB
GM:7
ow:J
PeoIr:Dlr
hft.
13m
ft-.
r
u/C+
,20/1
AVA
+/_ , _
U/
GTL
353
DP t
+ 21
LA
.
100/R
L7
L11
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'
I
NotCo
+1010.i,1
--.
..
......- - --
....
ICs" L 1____
LOT'1C4Q4QC-%
PK&.tVE.G, R.EG-PTZ*-.
FittBO-_
3"7
BTRzY
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TV
-ma
erver -3Al/FPU/IS/
2.755S
fI
Ot
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T
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Cf
Ti
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Chg
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Ci
hv
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S, F2
FIRE
COMMANDS
SUBSEQUENT
Chart
Df
I
Fired
t
100Prni
wien
Totlt
zn
F ..+...........+....7-----1+0
.. ..
...
_22?
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. +'+J+
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12 1
05 17
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....
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.... ......
B8"10
DISPLACEMENTtF
PIECE
REGISTERING
M 9
0REGISTERING
c OMETERSi
CORRECTION
NG PIECEOISPLACEMENT
REGISTERI
5,MTES
EERi1
METERS|
])IIO
ACHIEVEORNGE(
CORRECTION
DISPLACEMENT
PIECE
6 REGISTERING
I n4[ - E0 I L- R
DRIFT ORECTO
IADUTED ELVATIOI
RL2u
I
CORRECTION
DISPLACEMENT
PIECE
8
10
10
(L RI
DISPLACEMENT
4 LATERAL
TI
Precision registratnE-qTuRicCO knTdTION
Figure1 2-4
2
.....
'-------
./tLT
A:
I'+%erP,
,''
0.1
3:CG3LT%~g5~
.
.......
I+,oDo,0-+/. J'
T,.a
AS .......
LZ4GTt"CU
I MIUl
GFT
1
t MIL)
(L"R I
$s
a
CHART
DEFLECTION
CTiON1"9, !1dIlL.
CORRE
DEFLECTION
101
tl TOTAL
11MILi
IMILi
1M
(L)..
ELEVATIONi
I - ADJUSTED
,
iGFT
FRN TABLE
RAPHICAL
13G,
CORRECTIONI If
DEFLECTION
~nIG
{MNUA
12'.'
METOD)DEFLECTION
(I MILl
CORRECTION
12-7
FM 6-40
b. The observer's refinement corrections
move the mean point of impact to the
registration point and provide an adjusted
deflection and elevation. The fuze setting for
the first round fired in the time portion of the
registration corresponds to the adjusted
elevation determined in the impact portion of
the registration.
12-9.
MULTILOT PRECISION
REGISTRATIONS
12-10.
ABBREVIIATED
REGISTRATION WITH
THE G/VLLD
12-11,
DETEIRMINATION OF
A GFT SETT[NG FROM
A REGISTRATION
FM 6-40
REICORD OF llIRl
CAL " I[
4 e!LF .,1
ALT'W'C PT 2.31( GFT L-r
O
iIbk:D
i*
VA
7 370F
35Ow
FORFiRE
CALL
SM/I
Ob
. ..
A F4IE
RECORD
S
AF/FFE/hS/
lO
vt
VA
U/201....
U/b
Cis
ftID
o
pJ GC
D ERm
FlUff
,l 0 , -
V d Yp , OAc
RE G_P r2 , *3 , L.O 'TS %'K
FRE ORCER
_fkRS
.f
FIRECOMMANDSM
INITIAL
(
Pm
C M An DSM
E
NTA
......
V, .
... .. .
p-
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NO
I
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Dv
Dir,
...........
e
N
A FORMQAAI.......-FCOall
RA hi DA
z
~ .uSOfoCTHIrtSFOOiRMI
~
S 1MYTWiCh
Corr
,
SUIQiN1 IRECatANa
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F..............
q,
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Corr
to
3..
-X.:..
X.O
2.
l&Y
El:i Typec
Si El...OE
mm +o~
Cr
of
Df
Tot.Lowiwe
.......
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i:ii:
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--- - ------ -- --
.
......
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S --
f:..x-.
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h Ofl
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Tvt
r1
..
COMPTATIO
I.
EGISTATION
SECTIN
OC
4504
........
N COMPUTATION
SECTION 1I REGISTRM
CORRECTION
DEFLECTION
ACHIEVEDRANGE
FOMiP.d
t[
CHIEVERANGE
~
~
)1~ .N,"0
PIECEDISPLACEMEN
REGISTERING
T CORR1CTIN
~0
,,
9 ADJUSTED
DEFLECTION)
10
0 MILl
i _]
~I(L
TOTALDEFLECTONCCORRECTION
DISPLACEMENTCORRECTION
REGISTERINGGPIECE
I.
' :PJ
'm
L "j ""I
,- GFT
__
CHARGE
CAGE
ILOT
..
"
|RANGE
I-ADJUSTEDELEVATIONI
13
GRAPHICAL
FIRINGTABLE
(GFT)
I
CORRECTION C;
DEFLECTION
;12I
LEvatiOn
"ON
"
TME
T-.A
ITE
LOT
RANGEEVAI
Figure 12-5.
SOSOEE
lL
ECTIONCORECTGNI
7I
MILl
6R
C AR
OIEOFTI
O US OFT
,
LsF
FR,,E-,
SQ
M20-40
'
"
12-9
RIF
IAL
TR
S
T O
T A
RRCTION
L T O NR
~~
HE
T O "
-0
' ]
1 L
1MIl
fI
-M ] S1"L::-"
1
ueiateds oreistF
ALM E HO
E1.O1
PIEE DISLACEENT
ORRECIONy
REGISERIN
0NETE S
DELIN
M ,LI
N)
TION(REI STRATIO
D EfLEv
RE TED
(10 ME ER )D7CO
A~
GFT Is~
IN
,5 AC I DRNGE1F31
r R
I
A1.
DELECTIONrORRECTIO
0
R N.EA
Fiur 2-.br
GFT
MRI
ACHIEVEDRANGE
-4LRt--IIM
TOTAL
TIME
NN
1MY,.
4STOTALMADE6.
SECTION 1
D|SPLACEMENT
,
LATERAL
I-MIU
CORRECTION
DEFLECTION
...
i..
ELEVATION
E
RANG
LOT
E
CHARG
1 GFT
I GFT
.......
.....
SETTINGIMANUALMETHODI
GIFT
DRIFTCORRECTION
15.....
CE
MENO R)
_L ISPL
4 ,ATRA
i 4
1M~
CHARTDEFLECTION
TI
OM4,
REGSTRATON/SP
--
W Efl 1
1T1
i5METERS)
, ud DDA
MILl
CORRECTION
DISPLACEMENT
REGISTLMGPIECE
METERSi
])O
4504
1 MILI
IREGISTRATION,
DVFLECTION
CORRECTED
7
I
. ...
..
.. ..
i.~.
(rIto
1MILI
AL
LI
MG
fTheGVLLD
IDEOTALTIONECTION
CORRECTIO
VATON
- AJ TDELE
I (L)
tO
oAL G /VLLD
useFIRNGTE
12-9 FOLDIN
FM 6-40
12-12.
MET + VE WITH A
CHECK ROUND
Section III
HB/MPI REGISTRATIONS
12-13.
OBJECTIVE
12-10
FM 6-40
12-14. SELECTING AN
ORIENTING POINT
a. The S3 or FDO selects an orienting
point at which all of the rounds will be fired.
This point may be located at a grid
intersection for convenience. The orienting
point is only a temporary point on the firing
chart. After the firing data have been
determined, the orienting point is no longer
needed.
b. For an HB and an MPI registration,
the orienting point should(1)
FM 6-40
12-15.
ORIENTING THE
OBSERVERS
01
(01 DIRECTION 0383, VERTICAL
EXAMPLE:
Orienting point altitude = ground altitude +
HOB
Ground altitude
375
+ HOB
+
50
Orientingpoint altitude
425
FM 6-40
DETERMINING
FIRING DATA
12-16.
0S
IZ
o I
cs63%A
, / A 44- tDis
- ,E V 4,_+3200
e..
o i
bz)I.
ME AS URE
ot -o,-02
Message to observer.
Figure 12-8.
RECORD OF FIRE
FIRE
FOR
CALL
AcT 36
___
Tgtn'
AF/FFE/IS/S
Observer
L/P
: Dir
Shift
U/D
./-
Location
roit
Dew
____Ti
F
Pg
--' 00,
Locaion
r%'MIt
...
......
Tgt
NOB Corr
TomSi
Si+1-0
ORDER
FIRE
Dir, MF
___,
13
20/R
Si
OfCorr
INITIALFIRECOMMANDS
..
Urn it
d2
gChtOf3.222.
...
..
FIRE COMMANDS
FrngSUBSEQUENT
NOR
Crr
FS
100/P Z
7/,V
_VA
Di/0
7.
Grid:
Polar-Dir
4..
AzO-"02
MF, Sb,
F:
Chg,
FS"
Cor
.Ui .illT
Figure 12-9.
ChrTiCor
( )
f
Dhat
Fired
FIRO
Pg
MMANGr
D ST
NR
Carr
El
GE
lap
Type
Ielo
12-13
FM 6-40
ERRATIC
MEAN BURST
LOCATION
ERRATIC
Figure 12-10. PER box for a high-burst
registration.
FM 6-40
location: Determine the altitude of each
round, and compare this altitude with the
average altitude. Reject any round that falls
outside the average altitude 4 PEHB.
(3) The FDO may use his judgment and
experience in determining if a round should
be rejected. Care must be taken to ensure that
erratic rounds are not used or that usable
rounds are not rejected. If a rouxd is
considered erratic because of the reported
direction or vertical angle from one observer,
the data from the other observer must also be
disregarded.
12-18.
DETERMINING THE
MEAN BURST
LOCATION
12-15
FM 6-40
kil
Figure 12-13.
12-16
Figure 12-12.
FM 6-40
(4) After the angle at 02 has been
determined, compute the distance from 01 to
the mean burst location by using logarithms
found in TM 6-230. Use the section of the
form labeled Distance 01 HB (MPI) to
determine the distance 01 to the mean burst
location (fig 12-14). You may also use a slide
rule or a calculator to compute the distance
from 01 to the mean burst location. Use the
formula in figure 12-15.
Distance 01 NB (MPI'
Log base 01 -'02
+ Log sinz4at 02
& S
C,)
Sum
-- ogsin.Apex
it
3 5{20.46
AngleSgg3,
. 01,zLoH
I)2
Dist 01 -- HB (MPI)I
Figure 12-14.
MEAN BURST
LOCATION
(K) (SIN
SIN 4
Figure 12-15.
DISTANCE 01 TO MEAN
=
D
BURST LOCATION
DISTANCE 01 TO 02 = K
APEX ANGLE - A
ANGLE AT 02-02
4 02)
A
FM 6-40
the distance determined for 01 to the mean
burst location (3,440 meters). This is the mean
burst location.
(7) The VCO uses the average vertical
angle determined for 01 (+20), the distance
from 01 to the mean burst location (3,440
meters), and the GST to determine the VI
between 01 and the MBL (20 x 3,440 meters,
C- and D-scales of GST= VI +68). Add the VI
(+68) to the altitude of 01 (370) to determine
the altitude of the MBL (370 = (+68) = 438).
e. Procedures for use of the grid
coordinate method are as follows:
Figure 12-i6.
12-18
"'N
FM 6-40
12-19.
DETERMINING
CHART DATA
Vt/NB
(MP
b.
DETERMINING
ADJUSTED DATA
12-20.
Location of H
Adjusted Deflection.
ElsIe.
!+d
_!
FORM
-l
A'
ChartS DAto
5
5M
NO
OfCorr
57ocHtIonC
12-17.easurGFT
Figue(MPI)
Rg
VI/HB
rang
Range
Lott
Time.
anhgec
Eievotion
__
Adi Elew
VI+
DA
fefUectUooRange1
JAN74
FORM
4201..
REPLACES C)A
FORM 6-55,
1 NOV
Figure 1 2-17.
Figure 12-18.
67.
H IS
OBSOLT
12-19
FM 6-40
FORM 4757
SEPS84
EOITION
OFOCTOBER
1978IS OBSOLETE
12-20
FM 6-40
(a) Fuze setting is determined as a
function of the elevation and CAS. When the
VI is less than or equal to 100 meters, the CAS
is so small that it has little effect on the
quadrant and fuze setting fired and is
disregarded. The CAS is small when
compared to the elevation and will not affect
the fuze setting.
(b) If the VI is greater than 100
meters, the value of the CAS becomes
increasingly large and begins to affect the
fuze setting. In this case, the CAS must be
added to the elevation to determine the proper
fuze setting.
(c) As the CAS increases, the fuze
setting must be increased to reach the desired
bursting location. If the effect of CAS is not
included in the fuze setting, the projectile will
burst before reaching the desired location.
(d) The adjusted time when the VI is
greater than 100 meters is determined as
follows:
Determine site and angle of site to the
mean burst location by use of the
graphical site table.
* Determine the CAS by subtracting the
angle of site from site (si-4si = CAS).
time ([FS
-.ti).
EXAMPLE:
charge 4
Given: Registration charge:
302
Adjusted elevation:
+150
Vertical interval:
5,000 meters
Chart range:
Fuze setting fired
during registration: 18.1
* Determine site and the angle of site (VI
= 150, charge 4 at 5,000 meters, GST
site-rangescale = 134). (Angle of site VI
= 150, C- and D-scales of GST at range
5000 = +31.)
* Determine CAS. Site - angle of site
CAS. (+34 - [x31'] = +3).
* Determine the elevation + CAS.
Adjusted elevation + CAS = el + CAS
(302 +['3] = 305).
* Determine the fuze setting corresponding to elevation plus CAS. Place
the MHL of GFT on 305, and read the
fuze setting of 18.4 under the MHL.
* Determine the total fuze correction.
Fuze setting fired in registration- fuze
setting correspondingto the elevation +
CAS = total fuze correction (18.1 - 18.4 =
-0.3).
* Determine adjusted time. Fuze setting
corresponding to adjusted elevation +
totalfuze correction= adj time (18.2-0.3
= 17.9).
(adj el)
302
+3 (CAS)
18.4
tot fz corr).
18.2
-0.3 (TFG)
17.9 (adi ti)
Section IV
RADAR REGISTRATIONS
12-21.
EMPLOYMENT
FM 6-40
AN/MPQ-4 and the AN/TPQ-36/37 radar
systems are discussed in this section.
12-22.
ADVANTAGES
12-23.
CONDUCTING A
RADAR
REGISTRATION
12-24.
SELECTING AN
ORIENTING POINT
High Burst.
12-22
b.
FM 6-40
RADAR BEAM
SELECTED DATUM PLANE WHERE ALL
ROUNDS ARE LOCATED FOR RADAR
MPI REGISTRATION
RADAR BEAM
-
ALTITUDE ABOVE
SEA LEVEL
Figure 12-21.
Figure 12-22.
Projectile tracking-AN/TPQ-36/
37
radar.
12-23
FM 6-40
(e)
12-25.
RADAR MESSAGE
TO OBSERVER
OrientingData.
(1) To orient the AN/MPQ-4 radar, the
radar operator is provided with the grid or
polar data to the orienting point.
(2) To orient the AN/TPQ-36/37 radar,
the radar operator is provided with the
following:
point.
12-24
Time of flight.
12-26.
DETERMINING
FIRING DATA
FM 6-40
Figure 12-23.
Figure 12-24.
12-25
Fii 6-40
12-27.
a. AN/MPQ-4 Radar.
(1) The report for the AN/MPQ-4 radar
includes the altitude of the orienting point. To
AN!TPQ-36/37 Radar.
12-28.
DETERIENING THE
MEAN BLRST
LOCATION
a. AN/MPQ-4 Radar.
(1) On completion of an HB registration, the radar operator will normally
compute and report the grid and altitude of
the MBL for the usable rounds. In an MPI
registration, the radar operator computes
and reports the grid of the MBL and the
altitude of the selected datum plane.
(2) If the grid and altitude of each burst
are reported, the FDO will determine the
FM 6-40
12-29.
DETERMINING CHART
DATA AND REGISTRATION CORRECTIONS
REGISTRATION CORRECTIONS
12-30.
DESCRIPTION
12-31.
COMPUTATION OF
TOTAL RANGE
CORRECTION
EXAMPLE
An M109A3 howitzer battery has
registered using charge 4GB. The GFT
setting has been corrected to compensate for
adjusting piece displacement. The initial
chart range was 4,620 meters, and the
adjusted elevation was 267.
* By use of the GFT, the range
correspondingto the adjusted elevation
of 267 is determined to be 4,500 meters.
* The initial chart range is subtracted
from range corresponding to the
adjusted elevation. The result is a total
range correction of -120 meters (4,620 4,500 = -120 meters).
* The above procedures can be portrayed
by use of a portion of the lazy Z.
12-27
FM 6-40
TOTAL RANGE CORRECTION
4500
267
267
16.0
16.2
-120
4620
12-32.
COMPUTATION OF
TOTAL FUZE
CORRECTION
EXAMPLE:
Continuing the example above, the battery
obtained an adjusted time of 16.2. The time
corresponding to the adjusted elevation is
16.0. The time correspondingto the adjusted
elevation is subtracted from the adjusted
time to determine a total fuze correction (16.2
- 16.0 = +0.2). This procedure is portrayed by
using the other half of the lazy Z.
Figure 12-25.
12-28
12-33.
COMPUTATION OF
TOTAL DEFLECTION
CORRECTION
EXAMPLE:
The battery's chart deflection is 3237, and
adjusted deflection is 3255. The total
deflection correction is L18. The drift
correspondingto the adjusted elevation (267)
(from the GFT) is L5. The GFT deflection
correction is L13 (fig 12-25).
Deflection correction.
FM 6-40
12-34.
REGISTRATION
TRANSFER LIMITS
LU
(n
Iwi
0
0
0
0
Figure 12-26.
limits.
Figure 12-27.
12-29
FM 6-40
T obattlefield,
enhance survivability on the
a unit must take max-
Section I.
13-1.
PIECE DISPLACEMENT
FM 6-40
traverse technique is a quick, accurate means
of determining piece displacement by
use of
the M10/M17 plotting board. The
survey
technique provides grid coordinates for
each
weapon location.
13-2.
a.
ESTIMATION/PACING
13-4.
SURVEY
13-5.
BALLISTIC
COMPUTERS
lay.
13-6.
13-3.
HASTY TRAVERSE
DESCRIPTION OF THE
M10/M17 PLOTTING
BOARD
VERNIER SCALE
RED INDEX ARROW
o
80,%.....
MILLIMETER SCALE
LTRt
VERTICAL LINE
&
Figure 13-1.
13-2
Gridded base.
M 10 YARD SCALE
M 17 METER SCALE
FM 6-40
Normally the following values, in meters, are
used:
Special corrections
20
Emergency FDC
200
Laser hasty adjustment
The red arrow on the base represents the
direction of fire. The center vertical line is a
reference line used to measure lateral
corrections. The center horizontal line is a
reference line used to measure range
corrections. Although it is not normally used,
the vernier scale allows the visual
interpolation of azimuth or deflection to the
nearest mil. Other scales on the base are a
millimeter scale (top) and an inch scale (right
side). On the bottom of the base there are
scales for measuring distances on maps. The
scale on the M17 is in meters, and the scale on
the M10 is in yards. The screw or rivet is used
to hold the clear plastic disk to the base and
may be used to represent one of the following:
(1) Geographical battery center.
(2) Target.
(3) Observer location.
(4) Location of the last burst.
b.
13-7.
The clear
21
B,13LACK
,..
o%
a4:.
LINE
,y--3
Fiue
32,Cea
latc
ik
IN N ER B LA CK S CALE
\\;"'
i/,,,
,,r,,,
,,21,i
' '/"''
Figure 13-3.
13-3
FM 6-40
(4) Reassemble the plotting board.
(5) To describe targets on the plotting
board for the M100- or M12-series sight,
construct an azimuth index.
(a) Orient the 3200 (outer black scale)
over the red index arrow.
(b) Opposite the azimuth of lay (outer
black scale), mark an azimuth index on the
base. The relationship between azimuth and
deflection has now been established. To set
off an azimuth, turn the azimuth on the outer
black scale opposite the azimuth index.
(6) The plotting board is now ready for
use in special corrections.
Figure 13-5.
Figure 13-4.
13-4
*(4)
Determining and recording
piece displacement on the computer's
checklist. To determine piece displacement
(fig 13-6), rotate the 3200 (inner red scale)
over the red index arrow, and read piece
displacement left/right and forward/back of
the GBC, represented by the center rivet.
Record the piece displacement on DA Form
5338-R (Computer Checklist) (fig 13-7 and
app J).
FM 6-40
Figure 13-6.
ADJUST FIRE
EFFECT
7)eY
01,
me Yl
1. UNITTO FIRE
OFFIREOF ADJUSTINGELEMENT
2. ADJUSTINGELEMENT/METHOD
13. BASIS FOR CORRECTION
N ME
~DISPLACEMENT
R AN GE
LATERAL
GRD
m ;rajr
14 Ar
14. DISTRIBUTION
5. PROJECTILE
I. rg&Z
16. AMMUNITION
LOT/CHARGE
17. FUZE
R OF ROUNDS
8. NUMBE
FIRE FOR
F"
AA& Lgir-r-r
11t4fe
J00
AIIN
IWA"
11.TARGETNUMBER
Ila
RM&
GRITAGT
PRIORITYTARGET INFORMATION
FINAL PROTECTIVE FIRE/
COPPERHEAD
w- W
FIRE FOfi
ADJUST FIRE
EFFECT
12. WARNINGORDER
FIRE
13. PIECETO FOLLOW/PIECE TO FIRE/IVIETHOD OF
14. SPECIALINSTRUCTIONS
643V3_
OAF
15. PROJECTILE
14
'
mom,
1 25.
BATTERY
COUNT
AMMUNITION
UTH
GRID/ALIIIUL)IL:
BATTERY DATA
t3,7, V
LLC Aloo
FIRE PLAN
__
CALLSIGN
KNOWN
POINT
TARGET
W3 36
LOCATION
TIME
UNIT
ON
TARGET
OF
FINE
jq a
60441
%sAsj
-roow
G3 Lzkpt
PD L130
fl/
g VA
63
447052
4Ito
TO
/31.2
-L,
MEMO
wl
Z .*t A-Zr V-
21. HIGHEXPLOSIVE
c;,orr 4 c4
40,
XAP
Figure 13-7.
VY
gr/vo , ZX -f-h'
Computer
13-5
FM 6-40
EXAMPLE:
The following data are provided to demonstrate plotting hasty traverse on
the M10/M17
plotting board and to determine piece displacement for a unit with the MJOO-series
sight.
Battery B's advance party has completed its preparationof a new position. The
advance party
provides the following hasty traverse data to the fire direction center:
FROM AC TO:
Geographicalbattery center
Gun 1
Gun 2
Gun 3
Gun 4
Gun 5
Gun 6
Azimuth of lay 6350
DEFLECTION
DISTANCE
2060
1276
1092
1881
2628
2721
3361
230
465
250
280
145
385
400
The FDC plots the data on the M1O/M17 plotting board and determines the followingpiece and
platoon displacement data:
WEAPON
RIGHT/
LEFT
FOR WARD/
BACK
1
2
230R
1OR
3
4
5
6
PLATOON
RIGHT/
LEFT
FOR WARD/
BACK
250F
220F
right
R120
F235
65R
130L
25F
20B
center
L35
F5
35L
270L
240B
295B
left
L150
B265
t*
FM 6-40
3
MM
I tLJL
IIL
I I I LI
"rr -r-
LL
rT=
-T-
TI I II I
I
I
-II I IT
ii hL - ..ta
1.1
-1TI I I
FTI
I I I I II I I
I ILA
+
Oir
j
L _L
: - - _- -
..
.- -
- - --
777
FRIL-IT-R
-:Tit
FI
Figure 13-8.
MNA
I
JL
t LJL
]Ill
Till
1111
ITT[
JIL
1A_L
T I
T iiiiir
1A
fill
11
IL
I ]fit
T III
r II t-
-T-1
T
I
Is
11
1 11
__
If
T IF
[NOT
I
I
I
ITT[
II
IF
It
It
1111
L.LlI
[TIT
IF1I
11Z11
III
17%_1
1
I i rqLu
I
t
Fit
Ill
it--
If
II
TIT It
Till..
FI
I I IA
Jill
if
Al I
4
I It
T I
+0.
1 T
L
TjIT.
jIif
116
TIT11
Bit
I IL
to
13-7
FM 6-40
line. Place a dot there and circle it. Label the
dot to correspond to the weapon number. Use
this procedure for all other weapons.
(3) Applying the deflection index.
Orient the 3200 on the outer black scale over
the red index arrow. Without moving the
clear plastic disk, place a mark on the base
corresponding to the common deflection
(2400 or 2800, inner red scale). Label it the
deflection index.
(4) Determining and recording
piece displacement. With the 3200 (outer
black scale) over the red index arrow, read
piece displacement left/right and
forward/back of the GBC represented by the
center rivet (fig 13-10).
GTA 6-5-2(7)
PLOTTING BORD, M-17
7j6
4 MM7-3
6.2
5-
2--
5$444
T
'
~.
.t
Figure 13-10.
13-8
.....
,FM
FM 6-40
EXAMPLE:
with the M12-series sight.
The following situation demonstrates hasty traverse determination
The advance party
position.
new
a
of
Battery C's advance party has completed its preparation
center.
direction
fire
the
to
data
traverse
provides the following hasty
DISTANCE
DEFLECTION
FROM A C TO:
230
2060
Geographicalbattery center
465
1276
Gun 1
250
1090
Gun 2
280
1881
Gun 3
140
2629
Gun 4
385
2725
Gun 5
400
0169
Gun 6 (Gun is left of aiming circle)
Common deflection 2400
deflection index on the
The FDCplots the data on the M10/M17 plotting board and makes a
piece and platoon
following
the
determines
and
base opposite 2400 (inner red scale)
data:
displacement
PLATOON
RIGHT/
LEFT
FOR WARD!
BACK
250F
220F
right
R120
F235
65R
130L
25F'
20B
center
L35
F5
35L
270L
240B
295B
left
L150
B265
WEAPON
RIGHT/
LEFT
FORWARD!
BACK
1
2
230R
1OR
3
4
5
6
13-9
FM 6-40
(b) To plot the second AC, rotate the
deflection from AC 1 to AC 2 over the red
index arrow.
EXAMPLE:
Battery B's advance party has completed its
preparationof a new position. The advance
party provides the following estimated!
paced data to the fire direction center. Data
provided are from the geographicalbattery
center.
WEAPON
1
2
3
4
5
6
RIGHT/
LEFT
FOR WARD!
BACK
R230
RIO
R65
F250
F220
F25
B20
B240
B295
L130
L35
L270
EXAMPLE:
Remove the clear plastic disk, and construct
the grid reference system on the base of the
6a..
3.
')3
GRID
COORDINATES
ALTITUDE
1
2
3
4
5
6
61082 32918
60861 32882
60920 32689
60728 32637
60839 32417
60604 32354
353
355
354
349
351
350
3-10
GUN
POSITION
STEP 1.
LONGI114,
FM 6-40
STEP 3.
"TiT:t
......
..
.
... ....
STEP 5.
&
-1
~ :".ii,
1.4'4
61082
+ 60861
121943
Easting gun 1
Easting gun 2
Total value
PLOTTINGBOARDM17
/.
-- A 65 0...
..
,...
....
60972
60971.5
32918
Northing gun 1
+32882
Northing gun 2
Total value650........
...........
.....
...
-4
Section II
POSITION CORRECTIONS
13-8.
TYPES OF
POSITION
CORRECTIONS
13-11
FM 6-40
a. Fire-for-Effect Mission. For
fire-for-effect mission, special correctioniI
are determined and applied on S
mission-by-mission basis depending on th
13-10.
I
B
IREGESTIRATEON
PORTION
rn
fjf
(1) Enter in
the registering piece
lateral piece displacement (to the nearest 5
meters) and the appropriate letter (L for left,
R for right).
o(2 Wnter in
the value determined
from '3
(to the nearest 10 meters).
(3) Divide 4by
F5' to determine
the registering piece-displacement correction
(left ar right) (to the nearest mil), and enter it
Eli
-in
L..J
13-9.
REGISTRATION/
SPECIAL
.. CORRECTION
WORK SHEET
;DA. Form 4757 is provided for determining
and recording computations and data for
registrations, GFT settings, and special
corrections.
13-12
(1) Enter in
' the registration
corrected deflection (to'the nearest mil).
(2) Enterin [ the'regisjeqpng piece
displacement correction- from LfJ(to the
nearest mil).
(3)
Algebraically add[7
and _[0-to
9[J
FM 6-40
(4) Enter in 10
(to the nearest mil).
and
from IE
L
(5) Subtract
the
(to
correction
deflection
total
enter the
in
sign
nearest mil) and the appropriate
E1
(6) Enter in 12 the value of the drift
correction corresponding to the adjusted
elevation (to the nearest mil). Drift correction
is always a left (add) value.
(7) Determine the GFT deflection (to the
from
12
nearest mil) by subtracting
11 ,and enter it'in F1
d. Lazy Z. After applying the
corrections for achieved range, registering
piece displacement, and deflection, use the
space in the REMARKS block at the bottom
of the form to determine the lazy Z for the
registration.
Figure 13-11.
13-13
FM 6-40
Figure 13-12.
13-11.
HASTY CORRECTITON
PORTION
hasty corrections
Quadrant Corrections.
(1) Enter in column c the platoon
Comparative muzzle velocity.
13-14
Determination of Time.
(1) Enter in column h the corrected
quadrant minus the fired site.
(2) Determine the time to fire
corresponding to column h from the
appropriate gage line. Enter it in column
i.
FM 6-40
13-12.
b. Quadrant Corrections.
SPECIAL
CORRECTION
PORTION
a. Deflection Corrections.
(1) Determine the position lateral
correction from the platoon position to the
platoon aiming point by use of a properly
oriented M10/M17 plotting board. Enter the
correction in column a.
Figure 13-13.
13-15
FM 6-40
c.
13-43.
PARALLEL SH[EAF
13-14.
CONVEJRGED SHEAF
a. Fire-for-effect missions.
(1) Determine chart data (GBC to target
center) to the target.
(2) Determine initial firing data
(deflection and quadrant) on the basis of the
chart data (fig 13-14).
5i-.L. 0
10caSi
000 Carr
bf Cor
71(..
Figure 13-14.
13-16
Si
3
+9j
FM 6-40
Figure 13-15.
13-17
FM 6-40
Figure 13-16.
13-18
FM 6-40
Figure 13-18.
Figure 13-17.
13-19
FM 6-40
o
o
Figure 13-19.
13-20
FM 6-40
(c) Time to fire. Determine time to fire
as follows:
Figure 13-20.
Figure 13-21.
13-21
FM 6-40
Figure 13-22.
Figure 13-23.
13-22
FM 6-40
N
QUA
HASTY POSITION
ELEVATION CORRECTIONS
M109A2/3
M198
-4.0 -4.5 -5.0
155-AM-2 -.5 -1.0 -1.5 -2.0 -2.5 -3.0 -3.5
+4.0 +4.5 +5.0
+3.5
+3.0
+2.5
+2.0
-.5 +1.0 +1.5
M107
RANGE
MILS
2500
4GB
250
4G
-1-2
-1 -
-1 -1
-2
-1 -1
+1 +1+
+1 -2
+0 -1
+0
0
-1 -1 -2
1 +
+0 +
000o
,GB1
-2
3+
"+3
-'-2 -3 +4
+2 +2 +3 +3
- -3
2 3 -3 -4 -4 -5
-1-2
+2 +3 +3
3
1 -- 2 3,
- 4-
Figure 13-26.
10
"4GB
z000
4GB
2500
4GB
3000
'4GB
-1 2-3 4 6 7 8 9 110 11
.500-
5GB
3000
5GE
B500
5G( B
-4
-3
+
velocity
+31+4I 4
+2 +3
ast muzl
+_121+2
-
11+2
2 -3 -
3~
+2-2+3-3 +3 -3-3
-0
- -1 -1-2 -2
Figure 13-24.
"-
+21 +2 +3+3+3
+r+e
6505B + +
20 140
CHG
500
+2 +3
0+1+
1324.
+0+0
6005 Figue
-2
(METERS)
ANG E
"T
-1"__-1'_.
1-1--""
-0 0 -
M109A2/3
M198
155-AM-2
M107
++
.-
11
12
14
ME&.
m
Figure 13-25.
corrections.
Applying hasty position quadrant elevation
13-23
TOTAL
QUADRANT
LEVATtON
I- - - -
(D
Figure 13-27.
13-15o
SPECIAL SHEAF
Figure 13-28.
FM 6-40
half the target length above the center rivet
and extend the line to one half the target
length below the center rivet.
(3) To place individual platoon aiming
points on a linear target, divide the length of
the target by the number of firing units
(platoons) minus one unit (fig 13-29).
(4) Set off the chart deflection to the
target (inner red scale) over the red index
arrow. The target is now graphically
portrayed with respect to the line of fire.
000
'
"U
..
.-
VA
IO
.12
Figure 13-29.
..
..........
,..
INIIA .......
EXAMPLE:
....
....
E
FR FIR
CALL
ir
__ -Dis -/P
hi t -.
S
i'olar-Dir
AIV
i)
'
-"
'-
FIRE
RECORD OF
t
s/s ... ..
H2
Observer
-- --
...
.OO
. . .. ..
20
AA
____r_____V
0)
*45 ~ Q
HOBSCorr
Of Corr
Si
FIREORDER
O13-25
RECORD target
100
2 equals
(3) above.
divided
(1), (2),byand
A 200-meter-long
described in paragraphs
= 2). as
(3 - 1board
three
M1 7 plotting
has on
theplatoons
The battery
the target
Draw
When
in
endthe
the target.
the other
end of
other
toward
thethen
move
plot at
and
should
the target,
last burst
end of
Thepoint
at onepoint
increments.
100-meter
the first burst
meters. Plot
initial chart deflection is 3,207 mils, the plotting
initial azimuth of lay is 6,350 mils and the
13-30.
board should look like that shown in figure
13-25
FM 6-40
Figure 13-30
(5)
as follows:
(a) Determine chart data (GBC to
target center) to the target.
De
rt
Figure 13-31.
13-26
FM 6-40
Orient the M10/M17 plotting board.
Place chart deflection (inner red scale)
over the red index arrow.
Determine the position lateral
correction from the platoon center to
the red vertical line that passes
through the platoon aiming point.
Enter this value (to the nearest 5
meters) on DA Form 4757, section III,
column a (fig 13-32).
Determine the deflection correction.
From the graphical firing table,
determine the 100/R value from the
MHL at the chart range. Enter this
value on DA Form 4757, column b.
Figure 13-32. Determining position lateral
corrections and recording the data.
Figure 13-33.
13-27
FM 6-40
0
RANGE
TARGET
PLATOON
COMPARATIVE MUZZLE
VELOCITY
MUZZLE
VELOCITY
POSITION
RANGE
TOTAL
RAG
0ERROR
NCREASE
DECREASE1i
e.0
(BACK
SNiFORWARDS
FACTOR
CORRECTION
TABLEF
RET
APPROPRIATE
FT,
DECREASE-.
INCREASE
1METER
PERSECONO
T
01
Figure 13-35.
Figure 13-34.
1 METR
0R
FM 6-40
POSITION
POSITION
RANGE
CORRECTION
IFORWARD
iRACK
MUZZLE
MUZZLE
VELOCITY
RANGE
MUZZLE
PLATOON
COMPARATIVE VELOCITY
UNIT
VELOCITY
CORRECTION
ERROR
FACTOR
(INCREASE
iTABLEF
DECREASEI
FTl
APPROPRIATE
CORRECTION
TOTAL
ROAG
CRRNECTO
QUADRANT
ELEVATION
CORRECTION
COLUMN5
0 G
,(D-
TABLEF
APPROPRIATE
Fb+
0-.
DECREASEINCREASE
0 METER
PERSECOND
r ,.o
5 METERS
I METER
0 1 METER
I MIL
I METER
4-49
I7-
7,3_
f,
0o!i".3
I cht
of
mmx
11
..........
11E
COMMANDS
IIL
..
mm
Dew
Dk,Fl
urw- r
Of
rOwtDf -Cur
rCF,$N,
P3
_DI_
er
Cbj IsChg:
_..__...()..red..g....
___..__._.........
Eg
Chen
_____
NOB
c
____
r1
.~Tp
_..-..-...
.. CZ.......
JA
- -.........-.......
__.ZIZ
_.....3 K iZ..
Figure 13-36.
I
DATE TIMEGROUP
TARGET
MUZZLE
VELOCITY
POSITION
QUADRANT
ELEVATIONFUZE
TOTAL
POSITION
RANGE
RANGE
CORRECTION
CORRECTION
E
1LCORRECTION0'
(BACK
R
00E
FOWR
C
CORRECTIONRFORWARD
Q
I0
IDOMETERS
COLUMN5
TABLEF
FTi
APPROPRIATE
N METERS
'
DeR
-n
01
,=
0. .
0.
Ia
RANGE
10METERS
cbI.",
,
____FtF110
Dir,MU
0._
SECTING
. INITIAL
I MIL
1 METER
UY
. ...
TIMFi(
FIRF
....
1 METER
CORRECTED
RANGE
FS
Cerr
wel
,..
-.
chwt
to -t
rffiod
...
.. ...
MOD
C*rr
El
...
..
..
.....
-- 0, .
1-...
MgIIi:.;
A n
IA I L
=--I%u
r-..-.
.....
n
e- t2
.....
.......
..,
...
.......
,. ....
.........
.....................
..
............
..
.. .........
.....
.......................
.......
..................
...............
.........
..........
.....
...................
..
I-
ZW;~..I~i~i~-1a
Figure 13-37.
1--i"Ed-
FM 6-40
b.
(c) easting.
Add 150The
meters
to the value
numerically
smaller
resulting
is the
easting to the center of the target.
EASTING
Target center
Target grid
Difference
13-30
16950
16800
150
NORTHING
19700
19800
100
Figure 13-38.
FM 6-40
Figure 13-39.
Figure 13-40.
1 7I!r"wr TV
III
Wf
7
lirm l
p
IIlvv11
oppr
rF
TFF
rmT,rw.
7
FM 6-4o0
I
i~~I
Figure 13-41.
-A
AL-,i
= M
Figure 13-42.
13-16.
FADAC
13-17.
BATTERY COMPUTER
SYSTEM
13-10.
HAND-HELD
CALCULATOR
Lii
FM 6-40
Section III
13-19.
METHODS OF ATTACK
13-20.
TARGET DIVISION
METHOD
Figure 13-43.
Target division.
FM 6-40
TARGET LENGTH
(METERS)
NUMBER OF
METERS +/-
PLATOON
INTERVAL
1,500
1,400
1,300
1,200
1,100
1,000
950
900
850
800
750
700
650
600
550
500
700
650
600
550
500
450
425
400
375
350
325
300
275
250
225
200
165
150
140
130
120
110
100
100
90
85
80
75
70
65
55
50
I50
13-34
FM 6-40
target with reference to the position of the
firing batteries, determines that Battery C
will attack the left portion of the target,
Battery B will attack the center of the target,
and Battery A will attack the right portion of
the target. Using the linear target table, the
FDO determines the number of meters a
battery will add or drop and the platoon
aiming point interval. He then issues the fire
order.
FIRE FOR EFFECT, BATTALION,
ALFA, LEFT PLATOON, DROP 350,
INTERVAL ADD 85;
BRAVO, CENTER PLATOON,
INTERVAL 85;
CHARLIE, RIGHT PLATOON, ADD
350, INTERVAL DROP 85;
ALTITUDE 370,
3 ROUNDS, TIME ON TARGET.
(5) The Battery C chart operator drops
350 meters along the attitude and announces
the chart data for the left platoon. He adds 85
meters and announces the data for the center
platoon. He then adds another 85 meters and
announces the data for the right platoon.
(6) The Battery B chart operator
announces the chart data to the announced
grid for the center platoon, adds 85 meters,
and announces the data for the right platoon.
He drops 85 meters from the center of the
target and announces the data for the left
platoon.
(7) The Battery A chart operator adds
350 meters along the attitude and announces
the chart data for the right platoon. He then
drops 85 meters and announces the data from
the center platoon and drops another 85
meters and announces the left platoon.
13-21.
MASSED FIRE
ON
DeSTIREIBUTr
TEMPLATE METHOD
+
+
+
++
10@+
++t
+ +
+
+
1+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
S++
4
3+
+
+
+
+
--+ +
+
+
+
+ +
+
+ ++
+ +
+
+ + -"---++
2+
I1+
A
+
B
+
C
+
D
+
I
+ +
: G
8+
+
Figure 13-44.
+
+
"-++
I
H
Example of a high-explosive
distribution template.
13-22o
FM 6-40
being located by enemy target acquisition
devices. When firing sweep or zone fires, each
platoon will first be assigned an aiming point
by use of special sheaf techniques. Then
manual computations can be done to
determine the number of additional sets of
firing data for the sweep or zone fires. Sweep
or zone techniques cannot be controlled
effectively for units occupying large areas
unless the special sheaf technique is applied
before sweep or zone instructions are
assigned. These techniques parallel the BCS
procedures for computing sweep and zone
fires.
a. Sweep Fire. When the target is wide
enough (in relation to the direction of fire),
sweep fires may be used. In sweep fire, the
weapons fire constant quadrant elevations
with several different deflections (fig 13-45).
I
r
____
CALIBER
105 mm
155 mm
203 mm
EFFECTIVE
BURST WIDTH
(METERS)
HE
30
1CM
35
HE
50
APICM
60
DPICM
50
HE
80
APICM
70
DPICM
80
EXAMPLE:
An M109A3 battery is occupyinga very large
position. The FDC receives an urgent callfor
fire on a target 750 meters wide and 250
meters deep along the direction of fire. No
other fire units are available to mass. The
FDO decides to attack the target with
platoon special sheaf and sweep fires by use
of HE rounds.
DIRECTION
OF FIRE
-TARGET WIDTH
TARGET WIDTH
= 750
METERS 1
NUMBER
MUNITIONS
OF
BURST WIDTH
DEFLECTIONS
Figure 13-45.
(1)
13-36
Table 13-2.
Given:
Range to the
center of the
target
Deflection to the
center of the
target
5,000 meters
3,218 mils
50
The FDC determines the sweep (in mils).
Effective burst width
Range to target (in thousands)
50 = 10 mils
5
FM 6-40
(3) Fire commands for sweep fire are
as follows:
BATTERY (so many) ROUNDS,
SWEEP (so many) MILS,
(so many) DEFLECTIONS, CHARGE
(so and so)
Deflection and quadrant are also announced
for each platoon. The weapons fire the
deflection and quadrant announced in the
fire command first. The remaining data are
fired according to the order stated in unit
SOP.
b. Zone Fire. When the target is deep
enough in relation to the direction of fire, zone
fires may be used to attack the target. In zone
fire, the weapons fire constant deflections
with several different elevations (fig 13-46).
TARGET DEPTH =
750 METERS
Target depth
DIRECTION
OF FIRE
Figure 13-46.
Munitions effective
burst width
=toaQstofr
-toaQstofr
EXAMPLE:
An M109A3 battery is occupying a very large
position. The FDC receives an urgent call for
fire on a target that is 750 meters deep and
250 meters wide along the direction of fire.
No other fire support means are available.
The FDO decides to attack the target with
platoon specialsheaf and zone fires by use of
HE rounds. Charge4GB is being fired, and a
current GFT setting is in effect.
Given: Range to the center of the target is
5,000 meters and site is x4 mils. The FDC
assigns platoon aiming points along the
target center line. The FDC determines the
number of quadrants to be fired.
Target depth
Munitions effective burst width
=
750
=15 quadrants
13-37
FM 6-40
Munitions effective
burst width
Range to target
50 meters
+5,000 meters
5,050 meters
323
+4
327
QE
Difference in QEs
332
-327
5 mils
357
352
347
342
337
332
El
322
317
312
307
302
297
292
Section IV
13-23.
DESCRIPTION
FM 6-40
a. Width (or Length) of the Final
Protective Fire. The width (or length) of
the FPF that can be covered by a single
battery without shifting its fire should not
exceed six effective burst widths of the type
to be fired. When necessary, the
ammunition
artillery
commander and the commander of
the supported unit may agree to increase the
width of the final protective fire. However,
increasing the width of the FPF will decrease
the effectiveness of fire.
b. Preparation and Update of
Data. The actual grid location and attitude
of the FPF are reported by the FIST. Since the
FPF usually is located within a very short
distance of positions occupied by friendly
troops, precise computational procedures
must be used, and all available corrections
must be applied. Special corrections in the
form of calibration corrections and position
corrections, obtained by use of the M17
plotting board, are determined and applied as
individual piece corrections. It is critical that
FPF data be constantly updated with
changes in met, propellant temperature, and
projectile and propellant lots. The FPF data
must also be updated when survey is updated
or when more current registration data
become available for the ammunition,
charge, and angle of fire to be used in the final
protective fires.
13-24.
MANUAL
COMPUTATION OF
DATA WITH THE GFT
OR TFT
a. Observer-Adjusted Final Protective Fire. In an observer-adjusted FPF,
the observer adjusts the center weapon in the
battery onto the center point of the FPF line.
The adjusted data are used as the initial
firing data to apply special corrections as
described in section II. Each individual piece
should be adjusted if time and the tactical
situation permit.
b. Final Protective Fire Not
Adjusted. When the situation does not
permit the adjustment of the center weapon
onto the center point of the FPF line, the FDC
computes special corrections for each weapon
to an aiming point on the FPF line as
described in section II.
Section V
OBSERVERS
13-25.
AIR OBSERVER
CONSIDERATIONS
FM 6-40
13-26. OBSERVER
DIRECTIONS/
SPOTTING LINES
a. Grid Coordinates and Gun-Target
0 OR 6,400 MILS
450 OR
800 MILS
N
NW
2
70 0 0OR
4,800 MILS
900 OR
1,600 MILS
SE
2250 OR
4,000 MILOS2.400
35 0 0OR
MILS
13-40
NE
SW
13-27.
RANGING ROUNDS
FM 6-40
Figure 13-48.
Ranging rounds.
13-29.
COMPUTER
PROCEDURES
13-30.
UNTRAINED
OBSERVERS
J TARGET
I
+200
DIRECTION: GUN-TARGET
FROM THE NEAR
:1 .LINE
M.ROUND LEFT 100, ADD
.
200.
L1 00
Figure 13-49.
BATTERY
FM 6-40
(1) You
see one round that will look
like a cloud ofwill
dust. You
will get-more rounds
when you move the burst within 50 meters or
so of the target.
(2) The round is now on the way and
will impact in 10 seconds.
c. Help the observer make corrections.
The FDC personnel must help the observer
move the rounds to the target and must be
prepared for unusual shifts or combinations
of shifts. To obtain corrections, they should
ask leading questions such as the following:
(1) Where did the round(s) land in
relation to the target?
(a) Did it land left or right? How
much?
(b) Did it land over or short? How
much? (Ask for dimensions in meters or in the
number of football-field lengths.)
(2) Did the round land closer to the
target than the previous round?
Section VI
WRNE-TO-ZOI IE TI
13-31.
DESCRIPTION
I$FO I:I
around the world in which artillery units may
have to fire across UTM zone junctions.
When this occurs, it is necessary to transform
the grid coordinates of points and grid
azimuths of lines of one zone to those of the
adjacent zone.
c. Figure 13-50 shows two adjacent UTM
zones-14 and 15. The coordinates for
FM 6-40
CM
43
43
42
42
lZONYE 14-N ZONYE 1,5..
41
41
40
40
39
39
38
38
373700,000
76
77
789
790
ZONE 14
Figure 13-50.
80
500,000
ZONE 15
13-43
FM 6-40
94
95
__
-67
-66
-65
_"__
64
63
62
61
42
43
ADJACENT ZONE
Figure 13-51.
13-32,
44
46
47
48
PRIMARY ZONE
49
50
CUTTING AND
JOINENG TWO GRID
SHEETS
45
13-33.
GIRAPHIC METHOD
FM 6-40
Figure 13-52.
13-45
FM 6-40
(a)
13-46
1,870 mils
+ (-50)
1,820 mils
(b)
FM 6-40
13-34.
COMPUTER
PROCEDURES
The
Section VII
HIGH-ANGLE FIRE
13-35.
DESCRIPTION
Figure 13-53.
High-angle fire.
13-47
FM 6-40
13-36.
HIGH-ANGLE GFT
Figure 13-54.
13-48
FM 6-40
n 0 'R
(FA'R63)
00O-
"0
IEQ"f
0
N
ON
RG
2300
17
6500
GOOD~~b
0
30
00
ELEV
N126__
c,
IFTso
30
35
63
S0
63
90
30
53
60
63
70
?5
-q F T 40
.8
36 33
54
33
56
S7
Sf
_i
3.70
'
ELE
I
'0
-x
% ,-O20
1jw~
5
FAC 2
23
S04
40430
25
(,
40
60
---90
60
45 50
?O90
40
35
TOF
46
--
so
35
45
46
45
210
200
100 '40
"
43
65
00
42
0h
0
Figure 13-55.
13-37.
DUTIES OF
PERSONNEL
Figure 13-56.
13-49
FM 6-40
b. The VCO computes and announces
angle of site rather than site.
13-50
13-38.
HE.-HIGH-ANGLE
MISSIONS
FM 6-40
RECORD OF FIRE
WQ.T S4
FIRE
FOR
CALL
Observer
Grid:
/1
Polar:Oir
SPE
FiRE
ORDER
U/D
.W
rR
fn
Mf'
-T63
it-T ACf'8 2 7
e
Pa
PER
4504
in Eff
iF
Anmnolhp
FIRECOMMANDS
Corr
FS !
"
.i
)l
Of"
Chart
Fired
Pf
P. Corr
Corr
NOR (Si )
RV
Chart
Typ
EtpE
Eli 1
, .
,:,,
,,.
.......
T,e,,.,.
l,,,
.,,.o~~o
OAFORM
E
GE
(S)
F,"
Chg
MF, Sh,
IR,
Corr
NoR
or
Si
htct34072
C41
Unit...
Location bow itSUBSEQUENT
Tt
NOCorr
l0nSi
LotgTi
Sh
LoainPriority Firing
Sh,Fzr
MF
Dir,
Si+
PtOf
Corr
H
Tg
20/2
--
COMMANDS
FIRE
INITIAL
Ip Intr
VA
U/P
Dis
: Dir ,
Shift
MTO
FS
t10011
'-SWIGFE/STit
TRADoc0
FTI AGENCYI'SEs
THE PROPONENTUS
I OCT 78
Figure 13-57.
The computer determines the elevation to fire from the graphical firing
table.
The computer determines site byDetermining the 1-mu site factor
(negative value) from the graphical
firing table.
Dividing the announced angle of site
by 10 and multiplying that quotient by
the 10-mil site factor.
RECORD OF FIRE
ej)FE/IS/S
GBi:
3cr,'i
_Si l
Shift
: Dir
f l. ., i P
M ffl
ORDER seE
FiRE
INTALUIREMM
C.woC
. i~i!i~~i
i!il
A~~KtVAow:#s
SplInntr
SMTO
(31
' r,
ioPgrcait
.Car
E TE
Sb
4i
It2
AE
J
F:
Chg
Lot
('z+o)... PER
IF
Cht+
".VT
& rr!
- I
,,
El ,,f
3402
Ti
53
NORCorr
Si
oCorr L49
Rg 4QO
f;; ..
20/R
7
,.3
Si . -+ 3.-'" 1 Om Si -3,c,
...... ...
rT
FS
/R
4:2tO
0_/V
,_1
U/P
- L1A
olka
V!
VA|V
U/ P
LA,
. 3
WI0/R
Tgt
Dis
Poler:Dir
-&-T
FIRE
FOR
Oee.2CALL
Observer6-asJ
in i
of34%
G
Amioip
FIRE COMMANDS
SUBSEQUENT
Firing
.... Chg, F: ..... Corr
Figure 13-58.
P
Df
1
(
ed
Rg
C r
13-51
FM 6-40
1*
RECORD OF FIRE
Observer
Grid:
CALL
FORFIRE
iSS
1 2.-J.WE.
&
TGT 565/FS
355
5....ieY
Tgt
-7 3V
Polar:Dir
Dis
Shi
U/D
: Dir
20/ft
L/D+U//
_U/D-4
AAo,
sh" .owi
"Ju
FRE ORDER
+70
45',
VA
SPEC. COR
14),
Si+104 3.2
IlJC.LUOE
SITE
10
l. i '
,oOCerr
Si
OfCorr
...............
.
...
114TIA FRE
Sp
Tgt
Dir, MF
Dev
Sh,F:
Dev
It
QTp
tg
NOB
MF, Sb
FS
mg
Corr
Cbg,F:
Corr
Chort
Dt
..
P
L
TA
S
0
N
POSITION
LATERAL
G
CORRECTION
U
ILEFT/RIGHTI
N
N(D
U
MUDER0AD
Df
(hort
NOB
Fired
Rg
Corr
1IO/R
IGRAPHICAL
FIRING
TABLE
I
,.,.,...
.:..
.:
::..
.... ..:....:
(-If)
lf:30
tp
lip
Tp
Type
)*jft
.. . ..
10
G
of
:::
...
:::::
:::
::..
..
W3z,,3IiLr
.. . .
q--~,.----.
-oe
-..
tu
POSITION
DEFLECTION
CORRECTION
(LEFT/RIGHT)
l
El
-Iu'(.mXsin'
.80
y4
-x
......
.......
/1
V -r_
PAM ME79
CsQoCA----------Liz/)
PLATOON
MUZZLE
MUZZLE
COMPARATIVE
VEIOCITY
VELOCITY
VELOCITY
UNIT
RANGE
ERROR
CORRECTION CORRECTION
(INCREASE/
FACTOR
,
F,
DECREASEI
ITABLE
APPROPRIATE
FT)
*APPROPRIATE
0 M
0
R
..
.. ..... . ......
(e .......
,e_/1/4~-~fi-
Df (err
.:$......L
::;:3O
iiT
14:20
.,
1,12.2.
PVT'24
__
_-r
C___
$FhzTT
0. .. -.0L
L3o +SO FFE
61S90
. .......
3.
UBEUETFIEEOMAD
HA,
artLotg
LocutionPriority Firmn
nst,
F
. ..
nt
OMMND
POSITION
TOTAL
POSITION
CORRECTED
RANGE
RANGE
QUADRANT
RANGE
CORRECTION CORRECTIONELEVATION
(FORWARD
-I 1
1
CORRECTION
(BACK
1&[
COLUN
.
510
METERS
- INITIAL
TABLEFR
RANGE I
FT)
TIMETO
FIRE
iSE
DECREASE'-__I
INCREASEa
5 METERS
1 MIL
Z ',-'o
/,5
q4
'
3- 0
R .0
6OR150
4757
REVESE
475F
r
TMIL
.?
d
01 METER
PER
SECOND
fh
I METER
. .. ..
RtP
84IR32.6
84EDITION
i
5 METERS
1METER
R%
1+
DAFOR
SE
e[
01 METER
01
I MIL
- z
10METERS
_,
_
Po._,
T
OLETE,
O261t2
OFOCTORERR978
ISORSOLETE
HII
Figure 13-59.
13-52
FM 6-40
b. High-Angle Registration. If the
battery position is in defilade or if most of the
targets are in defilade and the tactical
situation will allow it, a high-angle
registration may be conducted. Only the
impact portion of a precision registration or
an MPI registration can be conducted with
high-angle fire because of the large PEHB
with the time fuze (M564).
(1) True adjusted elevation. The
adjusted elevation, determined from a
high-angle impact registration, often
includes a false site. This false site is caused
by the relationship of the comp site to total
site. Comp site is a function of elevation. In
low-angle fire, small changes in elevation
cause small changes in comp site. On the
other hand, in high-angle fire, small changes
in elevation cause large changes in comp site.
In a high-angle registration, the comp site
determined at the initial elevation and
applied throughout the mission often differs
substantially from the ctomp site
corresponding to the adjusted elevation. This
false comp site, when added to the angle of
site, produces a false site. To provide accurate
data, the FDC must determine the true site
and subtract it from the adjusted QE to
compute the true adjusted elevation. To
determine the true site, successive
approximation is used. The procedures for
successive approximation are as follows:
(a) At the conclusion of a registration,
the computer subtracts the site fired from the
adjusted QE to determine the first apparent
elevation.
EXAMPLE:
Adj QE
Si fired--5)
First app el
1062
1067
EXAMPLE:
= +1.5
= -4.6
=-6.9,a-
Angle of si - 10
lOmsi factor
First app si
EXAMPLE:
Adj QE- 1st app si
1062 - (-7)
10$p si factor,-S el 1069
2d app si-4.5 x +1.5
=2d app el
= 1069
= -4.5
= -6.75 Z -7
EXAMPLE:
The second apparent site is within 1 mil of
previously computed site. This is true site
(-7).
Ad] QE
True si
True adj el
1062
(-7)
1069
FM 6-40
(b) The high-angle GFT setting is
constructed on the GFT by placing the MHL
over the adjusted elevation for the charge and
drawing a range gage line through the GFT
setting range on the range scale (fig 13-60).
The MHL becomes the elevation gage line,
and all data except range and 100/R are read
under the manufacturer's hairline. The GFT
deflection correction and charge are recorded
on the cursor.
MHLEL 1069
RG 6740
6 00
65W00O00
II
1240
1230
12
.3
76
1 11 7
1220
1210
400O1110
Is2
14
70
66
60
96
eb
s,
idoo' 1
1050
0
T
I ...
...
IIi
7 17-
fl t
I T[
50
45
52
Figure 13-60.
i
40
CI
910
T I
11
11
-~
35
49
44
13-54
FM 6-40
RECORD OF FIRE
CALLFORFIRE
Grid:
poIar:Dir_
vI
43g
Dis
U/D
VA____
0]V
/U/.1
L/R
Dir
Shift
Tgt
AF/6SE /S
3' N: 2. 4.
Observer -
COf
P
COMMANDS
FIRE
INITIAL
HA A-A
Fl ORDER
oato
GFT A
CAP
POSITION
LATERAL
CORRECTION
RIGHT)
CLEFT
'Chert
FS
U,1.,
GFT
_-
I ER
FIRECOMMANDS
SUBSEQUENT
ing
riority-----
DirMFoe
---
Ti
2G.7qO
,Of Corr
F.red
EL1e69
)F C2OR LII
100 R
I GRAPHICAL
FIRING
TABLEI
POSITION
DEFLECTION
CORRECTION
LEFT RIGHTI
OD
PLATOON
COMPARATIVE
VELOCITY
ERROR
(INCREASE
MUZZLE
VELOCITY
UNIT
CORRECTION
FACTOR
DECREASE)
ITABLEFP
I
APPROPRIATE
DECREASE,
INCREASE
0
0
MUZZLE
VELOCITY
RANGE
CORRECTION
-0(
POSITION
RANGE
CORRECTION
(FORWARD
*1
RBACK
POSITION
TOTAL
OUAORANT
RANGE
CORRECTION ELEVATION
CORRECTION
0 0(
COLUMN N
TABLEF.
FTI
APPROPRIATE
0 1METER
Figure 13-61.
1 MIL
0 1IMETER
13-55
FM 6-40
13-39o
DPCM HfGH-ff-ANGLE
REGSTIATwN
CHARGE
4G
TABLE G
FT 155-AM-2
SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
1
R
A
N
G
E
E
L
E
V
MIL
"1iLl56
PROBABLE ERRORS
FUZE M564
R
HB
TB
RB
SEC
0.0
500
1000
1500
2000
25.4
51.7
78.9
107.0
2500
136.2
3000
3500
4000
4500
166.6
198.4
231.7
267.0
10
11
MO
12
13
COMP SITE
FOR
ANGLE OF SITE
+1 MIL -1 MIL
SITE
SITE
M/S
MIL
MIL
0.000
0.000
3
13
30
54
0.001 0.000
0.002 -0.002
0.005
0.010 -0.005
-0.0OLO
87
0.017 -0.016
1 0.06
2 0.07
2 0.07
18
19
21
0
316
26 39.4 30853 19.1 301
83 12.3 296
113
9.01 290
3 0.08
22
146
6.9 285
11
12
14
161
2
2
3
3
4 0.08 23
57 0.09
0.09 25
26
810.10 27
180
217
256
2971
5.6
4.6
3.9
3.3
280
276
272
268
129
181
244
319
0.026 -0.024
0.038 -0.049
-0.035
0.054
0.075 -0.068
S.
I
5000
304.5
18
1010-11
29
341
2.9 265
410
0,103 -0.093
5500
6000
6500
7000
344.9
389.0
438.3
495.5
20 4
23' 5
25 5
28 6
12 0.11
14 0.12
171 0.13
30
32
33
389
441
500
2.5 262
2.2 259
1.9 257
517
647
804
0.142 -0.125
0,199 -0.171
0.287 -0.238
20 0.14
35
566
1.6 255
1002
0.445 -0.3-4-7
7500
566.7
31
24 0.15
37
647
1.4 254
1269
0.831 -0.553
8000
677.4
34
3210.17
39
768
1.1 255
1714
-1.191
8000
886.8
37
46 0.19
38
977
0.7 260
2597
2.216
7500
996.2
35 10
53 0.21
35
1078
0.6
263
3042 -1.849
1.576
7000
6500
6000
5500
1066.3
1122.1
1169.8
1211.6
32
30
27
24
57
60
63
65
0.21
0.22
0.22
0.22
32
30
27
24
1142
1193
1238
1279
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.3
265
267
268
269
3309
3508
3665
3793
-1.461
-1.301
-1.208
-1.146
1.2,o
1.183
1.131
21 8
67 0.23
21
1317
0.3 269
3897 -1.101
1.092
69 0.23
1355
5000 1248.5
4500 1280.7
10
9
9
9
Figure 13-62.
13-56
0.2
L39801 -1.066 I
G
FigurI13-2.-Tale
I
Table G.
1.37
FM 6-40
relatively large number. Comp site is
firing table.
7
registration. The adjusted time is used to
is
which
determine a total fuze correction,
to
corresponding
applied to the fuze setting
a
with
firing
when
elevation
the adjusted
GFT setting In solving a concurrent-met to
determine position constants, the total fuze
correction is used as a known correction. The
total fuze. correction is determined by
subtracting the time corresponding to
elevation plus comp site from the time fired.
13-40.
COMPUTER
PROCEDURES
13-57
FM 6-40
delivery of supporting
immediate
fires must not be delayed because of
incomplete survey or the lack of suitable
maps. When survey control and maps
are not available, emergency procedures, to include construction of an
emergency firing chart, construction of
an observed firing chart, or use of the
M10/M17 plotting board, can be used to
develop effective firing data. An
emergency firing chart is used when
immediate attack of a target is required,
Section I.
FM 6-40
Fiue"41
14-2
sabihn
th
14-2.
CONSTRUCTION OF
AN EMERGENCY
OBSERVED FIRING
CHART
prmrydflcio
ndx
FM 6-40
Figure 14-3.
Figure 14-2.
ii
iI
Figure 14-4.
14-3
FM 6-40
14-3.
BATTERY OBSERVED
FIRING CHARTS
L38 df
= 1662
14-4
j.
d.
14-4.
DETERMINATION OF
DIRECTION FOR POLAR
PLOTTING
FM 6-40
polar plotted on the back azimuth of the
measured azimuth. Drift should be
subtracted from this back azimuth before the
battery is plotted.
c. When an orienting line has been
established, the battery will measure the
orienting angle after the registration. The
azimuth of fire is computed (azimuth of
orienting line minus the orienting angle
equals the azimuth of fire). The battery center
is polar plotted from the registration point as
in paragraph b above.
14-6.
14-5.
DETERMINATION OF
RANGE AND
ALTITUDE-IMPACT
REGISTRATION
DETERMINATION OF
RANGE AND
ALTITUDE-T]IME
REGISTRATION, SITE
UNKNOWN
FM 6-40
14-7. DETERIMNATEON OF
HIGH BURST)
An approximate site approaching survey
accuracy may be determined from a modified
high-burst registration fired after a precision
registration.
a. Fuze setting (time) for a given charge is
a function of elevation plus comp site.
Therefore, if the fuze setting is kept constant
and the QE varies, the elevation plus comp
site to each of the resulting points of burst is
constant.
b. After a registration, fire a group of
rounds with the adjusted time but with a QE
large enough to raise the point of burst. The
raised point of burst should be visible from
the battery location; therefore, the angle of
site can be measured. Subtract the measured
angle of site to the burst from the quadrant
elevation. The result is the elevation plus
comp site to the burst (QE = el + CAS +angle of
site). The elevation plus comp site
corresponds to the fuze setting fired (adjusted
time). It is equal to the elevation plus comp
site to the registration point. Use the angle of
site and the range corresponding to the
adjusted elevation to determine the VI and
site to the registration point.
c. The procedure for conducting the XO's
high-burst is as follows:
14-6
FM 6-40
14-8.
OFT SETTINGS
14-9.
OBSERVED FIRING
CHART WITH
INCOMPLETE SURVEY
14-10.
CONSTRUCTION OF
OBSERVED FIRING
CHART-POSITION
AREA SURVEY ONLY
Secti'on II.
DETERINATEON OF
MAP DATA
FM 6-40
his knowledge of the tactical situation to
estimate an initial range and direction
(azimuth) to the target.
(2) He can estimate the range and
direction to the target from a map, if
available.
(3) He can measure the range and
direction from a map by using a
range-deflection protractor.
14-12.
CONVERSION OF MAP
DATA INTO FIERE
COMMANDS
Several
conversion
commands
board must
indicated.
f.
14-13.
DETERMINATION OF
DATA FOR
SUBSEQUENT
ROUNDS
a. Prepare the M10/M17 plotting board
for observer's subsequent corrections by
placing a mark on the clearplasticdisk at the
number on the outer black scale that
corresponds to the OT direction and another
mark opposite the GT direction. Label these
marks 0 and G respectively so that by
rotating the disk until one of the marks is
opposite the head of the arrow (red zero) on
the base of the plotting board, you can obtain
a graphical representation of each
subsequent correction in relation to either the
OT line or the GT line.
b. The observer follows normal
procedures during the adjustment. Thus, his
subsequent corrections can be plotted on the
M10/M17 plotting board and converted into
corrections in relation to the GT line by
remembering that the center of the plotting
board always represents the location of the
last burst.
(1) Using the procedures in b and c
above, select an appropriate scale; that is,
assign a convenient value to the squares on
the plotting board. Most shifts can be plotted
when a value of 10 or 20 meters is assigned to
each small square. Use the 10-meters-persquare scale whenever possible, because it is
easier to use and is more accurate.
(2) Rotate the disk until the mark
representing the OT direction is over the red
arrow on the base. The plotting board is now
in OT position; that is, oriented in the OT
direction.
(3) Remembering that the center of the
plotting board represents the impact of the
last round fired, plot the observer's correction
on the disk.
(4)
FM 6-40
base. Note that the observer's shift in relation
to the OT line remains unchanged.
c. Firing data for subsequent rounds can
now be determined as follows:
(1) Deflection. Determine deflection
the next round in an adjust fire
fire
to
mission. Convert the deviation correction (in
meters) in relation to the GT line to a
correction in mils. Apply the mil correction to
the previous deflection fired as follows:
(a) Multiply the value of 100/R for the
range to the target by the meter deviation,
and divide the product by 100.
EXAMPLE:
100/R x meters deviation- deviation
100
100/R can be determined by the following
formula:
100
Initially determined range (in thousands)
(b) To produce the deflection to fire,
apply the correction, in mils, to the last
deflection sent to the guns.
(2) Elevation. Both the GFT and the
TFT can be used to determine elevation as
follows:
= change in elevation
III.
FIRING CHART
MAP-SPOT/SURVEYI ED
14-14.
DETERMINATION OF
SURVEYED LOCATION
AND AZIMUTH OF LAY
(2) Survey.
but it is slower.
FM 6-40
14-15. MAP-SPOT
TECHNIQUE
a.
Map-Spot Survey.
A map-spot
14-16.
CONSTRTUCTEON OF A
MAP-SPOT SURVEYED
FIRING CHART
(MANUAL)
a. The FDC must be provided three items
of information to construct a map-spot
surveyed firing chart.
(1) Assumed grid coordinates of the
battery center.
(2) Assumed altitude of the battery.
(3) Assumed azimuth of lay.
b. When the above information is
received, the FDC constructs the firing chart.
c. When met + VE techniques cannot be
used, the battery will register by firing as the
situation permits.
d. A map-spot surveyed firing chart is
only as accurate as-(1) The map-spotted location of the
battery center and the registration point.
(2)
(3)
14-10
14-17.
TRANSFER FROM
MAP-SPOT TO
SURVEYED
FIRING CHART
a. When the position and target area
surveys are completed, the following
information is provided to the fire direction
center:
(1) Battery center-coordinates and
altitude to the nearest 0.1 meter and azimuth
to the EOL to the nearest 0.1 mil.
(2) Registration point-coordinates
and altitude to the nearest 0.1 meter.
b. The surveyed firing chart is
constructed to reflect the accurate locations
of the battery center and the registration
point and the actual azimuth of lay.
c. When the battery was initially laid, the
orienting angle was measured and recorded.
When the surveyed azimuth to the EOL is
determined, the actual azimuth of lay must be
computed by use of the following formula:
Azimuth to EOL - orienting angle =
azimuth of lay
The initial (map-spot) azimuth of lay may be
in error. The actual azimuth on which the
battery was laid before survey was most
likely not the azimuth obtained after the
battery was relaid on survey data.
d. When survey data are provided, the
FDC must(1) Construct a surveyed firing chart.
(2)
11 ,IV
(METERS)
(METERS)
_____________
MILS
MILS
10
3GB
1500
3GB
132640536680
2000
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4818131722"26"31
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-1-2-3-4-5-6-6-712 +0 +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +6 + +8
-1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -6 -71+1
16 +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +8 +9+1
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18
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2000
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20 30
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15060
[114
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2500
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8 16 24 32
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48
56
64
72'80
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66
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5 11
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5 10 15
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9 12
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27
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23
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8 11
14
17
20
22
25
28
-1 -1 -1 -1 -2 -2 -2 -2 -3 -3
12 +0 +0 +0+0.+1 +1+1+1+2+2
-1 -1 -1 -2 -2 -2 -2 -3 -3 -3
0 120+0
0 +0 +1 +1 +1 +1 +2+2+
-1 -1 -1 -2 -2 -2 -3 -3 -3 -3
10 120+0
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-1 -1 -1 -2 -2 -2 -3 -3 -3 -4
10 12 +0+0+0+1 +1 +2 +2+2
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10 12 +0 +0 + 1 +1 +2 +2 +2+3+3
. -1 -1 -2 -2 -2 -3 -3 -3 4 -4
10 12+0+0+1+1+1
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-1 -1 -2 -2 -2 -3 -3 -4 -4 -4
1 2 +0 +1 +1 +2 +2 +3 +3 +4 +4
-1 -2 -2 -3 -3 -4 -4 -5 -6-6
10 12 +0 +1 +1 +2 +2+3+3 +4+5+5
-1 -2 -2 -3 -3 -4 -5 -5 -6 -6
10 12 +0 +1 +1 +2 +2 +3 +4 +4 +5 +5
7500
5GB
8 10
13
16 18
21
24
26
10
716
12
rw 17
15
20
22
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10
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11
14
16
18
21
23
10
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13
8000
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17
2228
_______
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12 +0 + +1 +2 +3 +3 +4 +5 +5
-1 -2 -2 -3 -4 -4 -5 -6 -6 -7
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-1 -2 -2 -3 -4 -4 -5 -6 -6 -7
16
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RANGE
CHG
M11OA2
FT 8-S-1
M650
ICORRECTIONS
0
-.5-1. -1.5 -2.0 -2.5 -3.0 -3.5 -4.0 -4.5 -5.0
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(METERS(M_(ETERS)-
140J60
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11 12
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10
11 13
14
10
12
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16
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11 12
14
12
13
10
12
14
16
10000
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10
12
14
16
10500
5GB
11
13
15
11000
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10
11500
6WB
12000
6WB
12500
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13000
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13500
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16 +0 +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7 +8 +9
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18 21
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10
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+2 +3 +3 +4 +5 +61+7+7
2_In -4 -4 i-54+1 +2 +3 +3 +4 +5+6+7+7
-2 -3 -4 4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -8
+1 +2 +3 +4 +4+5 +6+7+8
-2 -3 -4 -5 -5 -6 -7 -8 -9
+2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7 +8+10+11
-3 -4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -9-10 12
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-3 -4 -5 -6 -7 -8-10-11 -12
+2 +4 +5 +7 +8 +10+11 +13+14
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+1 +1 +2 +2 +3 +3 +4 +5 +5
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+1 +1 +2 +2 +3 +3 +4 +5 +5
-2 -2 -3 -3 -4 -4 -5 -6 -6
+1+1
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1 -2 -2 -31 -4 -41 -51 5 -6 -
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0
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FT 8-S-1
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(METERS)
HASTYVUZZLE VELOCITY
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ICORRECTIOPIS
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17000
10
11
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-2 -3 -4 -5 -7 -8 -9 10 -11 13
41.4
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RANGE
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112011401160 11802o0020
I___ JMILS
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20 +2 +4 +6 +8+10 +12 +14 +16 +19+21
3 -5 -7 -9 -11 -131-15 -17 -2-22
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6 10 13
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RANGE
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11
14
16
18
21
23
213
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11
13
15
17
20
22
9500
7WB
10112
14
16
18
21
10000
7WB
10
12
14
16
18
20
10500
7WB
11
13
15
17
19
11000
7WB
10
12
14
16
18
11500
7WB
10112
13
15
17
MILS
---
-.
5 -1.0 -1.5 -2.0 -2.5 -3.0 -3.5 -4.0 -4.5 -5.0
+1.0 +1.5 +2.0 +2.5 +3.0 +3.5 +4.0 +4.5 +5.0
(METERS)j+.5
(METERS)
iCHG120140
MILS
--------
--------
j-MILS
--------
10
10
10
10
I
12000
7WB
10
11 13
15
16
11
12
12500
7WB
11
11, 12
14
16
11
12
13000
7WB
M109A2/3
M198
155-AN-1
483A1
10
12
13
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15
14
517
10
12
18
71 19
22
10
11
13
10
12
14
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1 2
11-2
1 2
10
11
18
22
25
29
32
14500
BWB
T1 2
11
4 7 11 14
1 ,,-2
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2 3 4
10
15000
8WB
10
12
13
11
8WB
10
11
12
12
1-2
11 12
14
15500
6
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4 6
16000
8WB
10
13500
7WB
14000
8WB
12
14
3
I
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11 12
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12
10
10
9 11
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14
+1
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12 +0
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12 +0 +1I+2
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14_ 16 +0 +2 +2
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8 +0 +0
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8
14
12
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+4+5+5 6
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-4 -4 -5 -6 -6 -7
+3+4 +4 +5+6+6
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+2 +3
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+31+4
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+3 +4
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+5+6+6+1
-5 -6 -6 -7
+6 +7 +8 +9
-7 -8 -9-10
+41+4 +6 +6 +8 +8+10
-2 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -9-10
20 +1 +2 +3 +5 +6 +7 +9+10.11+12
-3 -4 -6 -7 -8 -9 -11 12-13
24 +1 +3
-4
36 +2 +5
-5
12 +0
-1 +1
-2
+0 +2
-3
16 +1 +2
-2 -3
16 +1 +2
-3
+4
-5
+7
-7
+2
-3
+3
-4
+3
-4
+3
-4
20 +1 +2 +4
-2 -3 -5
16
+14+15
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10 -11 -13 15-16
15 +17+20 +22+25
14-17 -19 -21 -26
+4 +5+6+6+7
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+5 +6 +7 +8 +9+10
-6 -7 -8 -9 10-11
+5 +6 +7 +8 +9+10
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+5 +6 +7 +8 +9+10
-6 -71 -8 -9 10-11
2+13
+6 +8 +9+11
3-14
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+6 +7
-7 -8
10 +12
10 -12
+3 +3
-3 -4
+4
-5
+4
-5
+4
-5
+5
-6
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0)
0
M109A2/3
M198
155-AN-1
483A1
(METERS)
17000
8WB
(METERS)-.5
200
MILS
11
6 10
MILS
2+
jzj
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M198
155-AM-2
M107
(METERS)
(METERS)
RANGE
CHG
20....60-080
1000
4GB
204060801001209140160
200--04
11
180200
4GB
2000
4GB
10 20 30 40
50
60
70
80
90 100
2500
4GB
816 24 32
40
48
56
64
72
3000
4GB
6 13 20
26
33
40
46
53
60
3500
4GB
5 11
17 22
28
34
4000
5GB
5 10
15 20
25
4500
5GB
8 13 17
5000
5GB
5500
23
-9
80
66
40i45
511"57
30
35
40
45
50
22
26
31
35
40
44
8 12 16120
24
28
32'36140
5GB
7 10 14118
21
25
29
32
36
6000
5GB
6 10
20
23
26
30
33
6500
5GB
369
46
13
16
_-1
31
27301
+5 +7 +9 12 +141+16 +14+20+2
-4 -7 -9 11 13-15-1 -20-22
02 2001MILS
-MS1,101140
7i-0
1500
+.5 +1.0 +1.5 +2.0 +2.5 +3.0 +3.5 +4.0 +4.5 +5.0
"0,
-.
5 -1.0 -1.5 -2.0 -2.5 -3.0 -3.5 -4.0 -4.5 -5.0
+1.0 +1.5 +2.0 +2.5 +3.0 +3.5 +4.0 +4.5 +5.0
HAoIHGI20 140 {60 180 1100 120 11401160 1 8oI2j20 40 160 180
11001120 114 602o
'1-MILS
-n
-1180
__
10
12 +0 +1 +1 +2 +2 +3 +3'+4+4+5
-1 -1 -2 -2 -2 -3 -3 -4 -4 -4
8
9 10'12 +0 +1 +1 +2 +2 +3 +4+4+5+5
-1
-1
-2-2 -3 -3 -4 -4 -5 -5
8
9 10 12 +0 +0 +1 +1 +11+2+2+2+3+3
-1 -1 -2 -2 2 -3 -3 -3 -4 -4
8
9 10 12 +0 +0 +1 +1 +11+2 +2+3+3+3
-1 -1 -2 -2 -2 3 -3 -4 -4 -4
8
9 10 12 +0 +0o+1+1+2 +2 +2+3+3+4
-0 -0 -1 -1 -2 -2 -2 -3 -3 -4
8
9 10 12 +0 +0 +1 +1 +2 +2 +3 +3 +3 +4
-0 -0 -1 -1 -2 -2 -3 -3 -3 -4
8
9 10 12 +01+0 +11+1 +2 +2 +3 +3+4+4
-1 -1 -2 -2 -3 -3 -4 -4 -5 -5
1112 1416+0+
+1+1+2+2+3 +3+4+
-2 -2 -2-3 -31-4 1-4m
fit
A1
0
f~',
0
HASTY MUZZLE VELOCITY
CORRECTIOINS (M/S)
M109A2/3
M198
155-AM-2i-.5
M107
(METERS)
[.,,12
140ILS
0
RAG
14060
(IETERS)
180
gD
1001I120
f140
41
3 17
20
22
2528
MILS MU-2
9 11
8
12
14
16
18
21
24
26
12
14
7000
5GB
8 11
7500
5GB
8 101 13
IIII
9
11
8500
6WB
11
14
9000
6WB
11
13
16
18
21 -- 23
2 13
416
10
15
17
20
22
10
11
12
14
11
12
14
----
9500
6WB
10
12
14
16
18
21
10000
6WB
10
12
14
16
18
20
6WB
Ia
3
-1-
11
13
I---
15
17
19
11
12
14
10
12
14
16
18
10
12
14
16
18
10
12
13
15
17
9
,
10
10
--
11000
6WB
11500
7WB
12000
7WB
10
13
11
15
16
12500
7WB
11
12
14
16
1112
14
13000
7WB
910
12
13
15
3-4
11
12
14
13500
7WB
11
10
11
13
14
2'4
10 12
14
16
18
10
11
12
14
7 10
12
14
17
19
22
12
13
10
46
910
I-
--
14000
7WB
7
7
14500
11
15000 8
45
10 1213
_________________
1 - L
M
SIL - _16 +0 +1 +2 +2 +3 +4 +4 +5 +6 +6
-1 -2-31-31-4 -5 -56-61-7
16 +0 +1 +2 +2 +3 +4 +5 +5 +6+7
-1 -2
121jA
10500
1200]
12
-
-L
-_
-33-41-5
-6
-7
-8
-9
+3 +4 +5+5 +6+7+8
-4 -5 -6 -6 -7 -8 -9
+3!+4 +5 +6+6+7+8
-4 -5 -6 -6 -7-8-9
+3 +4 +5 +6+7+8+8
-4 -5 -6 -71-8-8-9
+4 +5 +6 +8 +9+10+11
-5--6 -7 -8-9-11 12
+2 +3 +4 +4+5+6+6
-3 -4 -51-5 -6-7-7
+2 +31+4 +4+51+6+6
-3.-4 -5 -5.-6-77
+3 +4 +5 +6+7+8+9
-4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -9-10
+3 +4 +5 +6+7+8+9
-4-5-6I-7-8.L-9
+4\+6 +7 +8 +9+11+12
-5--7 -8 -9 - 1 11 -3
+3
-4
+1
-3
+2
-3
+2
-3
+2
-3
+3
-4
+5 +6 +8
-5 -6 -7
+2 +2 +3
-31-3--4
12 +0 +1+2+2 +3
20 +1
-2
12 +0
-1
12 +0
-1
16 +0
-1
161+0
1
20+1
-2
24 +2
-1
12 +0
-1
+2
-3
+1
-2
+1
-2
+1
-2
+1
-2
+2
-3
+3
-3
+1
-2
in--
+9 11 12+14+15
-9 10 12-13-15
+4 +4 +5 +6 +7
-5 -5 -6-7-8
+4+5+5 +6+
M-4-5 -6 -6 -7
"'1
M109A2/3
M198
155-AM-2
M107
(METERS)
(METERS)
I20 -C1
140 L60 180 1100 1 20 $1406100118 0 200 f2 0 44 0
RANGE
j O10
0 1120 11
40 116 0 180 12 001
1
MILS
15500
10
11
12
MILS
7
10
=MILS
12 +0 +1 +2 +2 +3 +4 +5 +5 + - sII-1 -2 -3 -3 -4 -5 -6 -6 -
16000
10
11
12
11
12
14
16 +0 +2 +2 +4 +5 +6 +7 +8 + +10
15500
10
12
11
12
14
165H+0T+2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7 +8 +9
-2 -3 -4 -45 -6 -7 -8 -9-1 0
17000
10
11
10
12
14
16
18
20
17500
10
11
8 11
14
17
20
22
25
M102
105-AS-2
_
RANGE
i8012000120J40
LMILS
1500
13
2000
2500
3000
4000
26
40 53
66
80
2 116
4
203 0406048756 64 72
43
3 2404
6813 202 6
-
i 080oo100o
120 1140 1160 1180z20
-LS MISIL
20140 60
5 10t15720
02
8 63440
!_
10
12
10
12 +0 +0 +0 +0 +1+l+1 +1++2 +2
--1-1--1-1-2-2-2
-2
19802
3 46
4
10
56057
1
10 124+
10
I.-
.'
5_ 0
+0 +0 +0 +0 +0 +01 +1 +1 +1
-21-- 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -2
225830
3540 45
LS
6
5353
0661
45
._
12
5611 1 2 2
+1 +2 +3 +5 +6 +7 +9+10+11+12
-22-3 -4 -6 -7 -8 10 11 -123
(METERS-)
1000
3500
_(METERS)
cHG
+0 +0 +1 +1 +2 +2 +2 +32+3+3
-1 -1 -11-2 -2 -2 -3-31-3-
0
-1
12 +0
- --0
!~-
+5.0
I lei
it *
M102
105-AS-2
-.5 -1.0 -1.5 -2.0 -2.5 -3.0 -3.5 -4.0 -4.5 -5.0
+.5 +1.0 +1.5 +2.0 +2.5 +3.0 +3.5 +4.0 +4.5 +5.0
(METERS)
_________(METERS)
21401601801
2RANGE
I CH
114.l60
18012o0 20
$o160
MILS
MILSMILS
4500
17
8 13
4p
3)
- kI
221 26
31
35 40
44
2
-
+0+0
1:
10112 +0 +0
-0 -0
9'10
---
12
+1
-2
+1
-1
+1 +1
-2'-2
+1 +1
-1 -1
+2+2+2+3+3
-3 -3 -3 -- 4
+2 +2+3+3+3
-3 -3
-2 -2
5000
8 12116
20
24
28
32
36
40
5500
317 10114
18
21
25
29
32
36
9810
12 +0 +0 +1+1 +12+2++3+3+3
-1 -1 -2 -2 -3 -3 -3 -4 -4 -5
6000
316 10113
16
20
23
26
27
33
10
12 +0 +0 +1 +1 +2 +2 +2+3+3+4
-1 -1 -2 2 -3 -3 -3 -4 -4 -5
6500
316
9112
15
18
21
24
25
30
11
12
14
7000
8 11
14
17
20
22
24
28
11
12
14
16 +0 +1 +1
-2
-1 -2 mJ4
16 +0 +1 +1
-1 -2 -2
7500
8 10
13116
18
21
22
26
11
12
14
12
15
17
20
21
25
10
12
14
16
18
11
14
16
18
20
23
7 10
12
14
17
19
22
---
16 +0
1
20 +0
-1
8000
7 10
8500
9000
8.11
13
15
17
18
22
113
11
12
14
9500
8 10112
14
16
18
21
11
12
14
16
10000
4,5
10
12
14
16
17
20
18
10
12
14
16
18
20
10500
11
13
15
16
19
7 10
12
14
17
19
22
24
11000
10
12
14
15
18
6 10
13
16
19
22
26
29
32
*s
-...
....
+1 +1
-2--2
+1 +2
-2 -3
+2 +2 +3+4+4+5 5
-3 -3 -4 -5 -5 -6 -6
+2 +3+3 +4 +4 +56
-3 -4 -41-51-5 -6 -7
+2
-3
+3
-4
+3
-4
+4
-5
+3+4 +5 +56
-4 -5-6-6-7
+5 +5 +6 +7 +8
-5 -6 -7 -8 -9
+3 +4 +5 +6 +7 +8 +9+10
-4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -9 10-11
+2 +2 +3i+4 +4+5+6+6
4-5-6-61
-2-3-4-4
+0 +1 +2 +2 +3+4+4+5+6+6
-1 -2 -3 -3 -4 -5 -5 -6 -7 -7
+0 +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7 +7+8
-1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 -7 -8 9
+1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7 +8 +9+10
-2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -9 10-11
+1 +2 +4 +5 +7 +8 +1012 +3+14
-2 -4 -5 -6 -8 -9 -11 -12 -14-15
24 +0
-2
16 +0
-1
+2
-3
+1
-2
40i
0)
0
FM 6-40
APPENDIX
INTERCHANGEABILITY OF AMMUNITION
Refer to FM 6-50 for information on the interchangeability of ammunition.
B-1
FM 6-40
APPENDIX
NUMBER
QUANTITY
1290-00-299-6892
1 set
1290-00-694-5190
I ea
6675-00-248-1244
1 ea
7530-00-656-0812
12 ea
1290-00-266-6891
1 ea
1290-00-299-6893
1 set
1290-00-694-5191
1 ea
6675-00-248-1243
1 ea
7530-00-656-0813
12 ea
1290-00-266-6890
1 ea
NUMBER
'QUANTITY
6675-00-641-3630
1 set
C-1
FM 6-40
ITEM
NATIONAL STOCK'
NUMBER
QUANTITY
6675-00-049-5132
1 ea
7510-01-045-3527
2 boxes
7510-01-046-5086
2 boxes
7510-01-045-3528
2 boxes
7510-01-045-3529
2 boxes
7510-01-046-5087
2 boxes
7530-00-285-3038
1 pkg
7530-00-235-4033
1 pad
7530-00-236-9305
1 roll
7510-00-233-2027
7510-00-264-4610
7510-00-189-7869
7510-00-233-2021
doz
doz
doz
doz
7510-00-264-4614
7510-00-189-7881
7510-00-189-7883
1 doz
1 doz
2 doz
General writing, black, thin lead, medium hardness, no 2, w eraser, 81348 SS-P-166, type IV
7510-00-281-5234
2 doz
7510-00-240-1526
1 doz
7510-00-436-5210
1 doz
7510-00-174-3205
1 doz
FM 6-40
ITEM
NATIONAL STOCK
NUMBER'
QUANTITY --
7510-00-237-4926
2 ea
9330-00-282-8324
1 roll
7510-00-851-9354
12 pkg
6675-00-641-3166
1 ea
6675-00-556-0118
1 ea
6675-00-283-0018
4 ea
6675-00-283-0040
2 ea
7520-00-227-1451
2 ea
5110-00-161-6912
ea
C-3
FM 6-40
APPENDIX
EMPLOYMENT OF AEMOR UN
DDDECT FHRE
D-1.
PURPOSE
D-2.
REQUIREMENTS
D-3.
D-4.
D-5.
AMMUNITON
OBSERVER
PROCEDURES
a.
FIRE DIRECTION
Firing Chart. The location of each
FM 6-40
through R4. The last graduation on each end
need not be numbered. For reading shifts
greater than 500 mils, additional indexes
must be constructed. If tank weapon firing
tables are not available to the FDC, the tank
unit usually fires only observed fires in the
indirect role. If a TFT is available, a
registration should be conducted and
corrections applied. Corrections sent by the
observer during adjustment are plotted on the
target grid as outlined in chapter 5. The armor fire control officer (FCO) will compute
a range K for his weapons..
b.
Fire Commands.
The nature of
the target is announced to the tank unit
as a portion of the fire command.
FM 6-40
from that point again from 0 to 3,200
mils. Because of this, a direction and an
azimuth to the left of the reference point
are the same, but to the right, the two
numbers are different and always total
3200. A direction RIGHT or LEFT
must be included in the command, since
this determines which direction along
an axis the tubes point.
QUADRANT +430. The FCO
obtains the superelevation angle from
the firing tables and combines it with
the angle of site announced by the fire
direction center. The tank weapons may
be laid for elevation by using either the
gunner's quadrant or the elevation
quadrant. Since the range of most tank
weapons is limited by the inability to
elevate to high angles, it may be
necessary either to dig in the rear of the
tanks or to place the tanks on a ramp
that slopes away from the direction of
fire.
AT MY, COMMAND, FIRE. The
command AT MY COMMAND tells
the tank crew to notify the FCO when it
is ready to fire. The command to open
fire is FIRE. In tank gunnery, this
command is the last element in the
sequence of a fire command, because the
tank gunner is trained to hold his fire
until the command FIRE is received.
D-5.
ALTERNATE METHODS
D-3
FM 6-40
APPENDIX
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDIZATION
AGREEMENTS
E-1.
DEFINITION
E-2.
STANAG
Table E-1.
STANAG
Standardization agreements.
SUBJECT
STATUS
2144
2867
2875
4119
ABCA ratified.
E-1
FM 6-40
E-3.
QSTAG
SUBJECT
STATUS
220
224
225
246
E-4.
ABCA ratified.
IMPLEMENTATION
FM 6-40
Table E-3.
SERIAL
SPECIFIC EXAMPLE
GENERAL HEADING
Observer's identification
20, THIS IS 21
Warning order
GRID 123456
ALTITUDE 100
DIRECTION 1640
Target description
Method of engagement
a. Type of engagement
DANGER CLOSE
b. Trajectory
HIGH ANGLE
c. Ammunition
VT IN EFFECT 10 ROUNDS
d. Distribution of fire
OPEN
Table E-4.
SERIAL
AT MY COMMAND
TWO GUNS PLATOON RIGHT
ADJUST FIRE
GENERAL HEADING
SPECIFIC EXAMPLE
Observer's identification
Warning order
Location of target
Target description
Method of engagement
a. Type of engagement
DANGER CLOSE
b. Trajectory
c. Ammunition
HIGH ANGLE
VT IN EFFECT 10 ROUNDS'
d. Distribution of fire
OPEN
TWO GUNS
AT MY COMMAND
E-3
FM 6-40
Table E-5.
(Battery identification),
6 ROUNDS ZP7I 5
SHOT
RIGHT 1O,ADD400
10
SHOT
11
DROP 200
12
SHOTQ
13
DROP 100
14
SHOT
15
16
SHOT
ROUNDS COMPLETE
17
Table E-6.
SERIAL
OBSERVER'S REQUEST
(Observer's identification)
ADJUST FIRE
4SIX
GRID 321456
ARMORED PERSONNEL
REPORTS TO OBSERVER
"
CARRIERS
E-4
':
,.
...
:r'
::
....
"
::
,,::.- = ."',,r l " .t 'r' tll.I.,
ii'it
A L:.._t
i -,F.;"m' -~ri~ ,
. . .
. . _....
.
FM 6-40
Table E-6.
REPORTS TO OBSERVER
OBSERVER'S REQUEST
SERIAL
(Battery identification)
6 ROUNDS
SHOT
6
DIRECTION 1680,
RIGHT 120,
ADD 400
SHOT
8
DROP 200
SHOT
10
DROP 100
11
SHOT
12
ADD 50, FIRE FOR EFFECT
13
SHOT
ROUNDS COMPLETE
14
I
END OF MISSION,
TWO PERSONNEL CARRIERS
DESTROYED
15
II_-_
aML
E-5
FM 6-40
APPENDIX
STANDARDIZED PROCEDURES
F-1.
IDENTIFICATION
to
This appendix contains the following standardized procedures relevant
cannon fire direction:
PAGE
5-1
SUBJECT
Surveyed Firing Charts
Firing Chart Numbering
Positioning and Orienting the Target Grid
Plotting Points on the Firing Chart
Target Symbiology on Firing Charts
Establish Azimuth Indexes on Firing Charts
Establish Deflection Indexes on Firing Charts
Determine Initial Chart Data
Elements and Format for Announcing Chart Data
Chart Data Tolerances
Manual Chart Verification
Muzzle Velocity Management
M90 Velocimeter Work Sheet
Muzzle Velocity Record
Muzzle Velocity Log
Computer's Checklist
Ammunition Status
Weapons Data
Planned Firing Data
..
Prepare and Update Firing Charts
Attack Targets
Determine and Apply Registration Corrections
Initialize BCS for Operation
Determine Replot Data
Determine and Apply Met Corrections
Establish and Maintain Communications'
Prepare for Dedicated Battery Operations.
Manage and Apply Muzzle Velocity Information.
Initialize the Hand-Held Calculator for Operation
Initialize FADAC for Operations
Determine Special Corrections -
Note.
..
.......
11-1
13-4
G-1
G-4
G-7
G-0
G-12
G-14
G-17
G-21
G-23
G-24
-
G-26
G-28
F-1
FM 6-40
F-2.
Included in this appendix are the approved layouts of the battery FDCs in
the M577 and M561 command post vehicles. Detailed drawings and
discussions are available from:
Commandant
US Field Artillery School
ATTN: ATSF-GA
Fort Sill, OK 73503
FRONT
FADAC CABLE MOUNT
DRIVER'S
4.2-KW
GENERATOR
3-KW
GENERATOR
HATCH COVER
3-KW
3K
GENERATOR
HATCH
EQUIPMENT
STORAGE
STAE
BASKET
E3N
mmnTnACK
COMADE'
.LHATCH
Figure F-1.
F-2
FM 6-40
RADIO SHELF
(SEEBAERY
'-I
COMPUTER
SYSTEM WITH
TABLE ON MOUNT
COMMUNICATIONS
DETAIL)
FREQUENCIES CHART
FRONT
WEAPONS RACK
RAMP
SOAE
MAP BOARD
Figure F-2.
Figure F-3.
70 -n
0M
NBC EQUIPMENT
SHELF
post vehicle.
First tier of BCS-equipped battery FDC in M577A1 command
post vehicle.
Second tier of BCS-equipped battery FDC in M577A1 command
F-3
FM 6-40
SMALL UNIT
MX 7778
Figure F-4.
ANDTOSHL
-BOTTOM
TOPTOP
RADIOSHELF
SAFE
(SEE
COMMUNICATIONS
DETAIL)
SHELF
FA
c......
FFADACIP
WITH TABLE
EQUIPMENT
ON MOUNT
STORAGE
I
S FREQUENCIES CHART
RAMP
t,WEAPONS RACK
STATUS CHARTS
...
FRONT
LH
STORAGE
Li
PLOTTING
CHEST
0COMPUTER
11SITS HERE
MAP BOARD
KFIRE
ORDER/
FIRE COMMANDS
NBC EQUIPMENT
ELEVATED
STORAGE
SHELF
11
Figure F-5.
F-4
FM 6-40
SHELF JOINT
EQUIPMENT
ISTORAGEI
SUPPRESSOR -'
FADAC MOUNTED TO
EDGE OF THE FIRST
SHELF
SAFE AN/VRC-46
CALL SIGNS
RAMP
FRONT
PLOTTING
CHS
STATUS CHARTS
NBC EQUIPMENT
STORAGE
FIRE
SECOND-TIER
STORAGE
FIRING CHART ON
10-INCH SLANT
SITUATION MAP
COMPUTER'S CHAIR
IS MOUNTED HERE
Figure F-6.
post vehicle.
Second tier of FADAC-equipped battery FDC in M577A1 command
FigureJE-7.
Left side view of FADAC-equipped battery FDC in M577A1 command post vehicle.
F-5
FM 6-40
rn-M r--lI
M\A
PLOTTING CHEST
*0
COMPUTER'S
MODULE
Ian
0
-I
SITUATION MAP
.. .....
STORAGE
IL
Figure F-8.
Figure F-9.
=!i
11
Right side view of BCS- or FADAC-equipped battery FDC in M577A1 command post
vehicle.
Sample computer's desk made from a footlocker for M561 command post vehicle.
F-6
Irwrrtwr
mr'.-I
I
FM 6-40
BATTERY
COMPUTER
UNIT OPERATOR
MOUNT
COMPUTER'S
DESK HERE
SITUATION
w
MAP
STEPS
Figure F-10.
F-7
FM 6-40
RATELOCHAIR
RATELO
TABLE
RADIO
(CF 2)
HORIZONTAL
CONTROL
OPERATOR
CHART
RADIO
RADIO0
(FD 1)]C=
0 f RADIO
9B (CF 1)
=0
SITUATION MAP
_
WHEEL
WELL
COMPUTER
oCHAIR
BOX
TAILGATE
TA-312/PT
(REMOTE)
11
CHAIR
DR-8_
L-STEPS
CHECK CHART
TRAILER
SECTION/PERSONAL
EQUIPMENT STORAGE
Figure F-i11.
F-8
FM 6-40
Appendix
G-1.
RESPONSIBILITY
G-2.
(3) References:
ARTEP 6-100
FM 6-13E1/2/3
G-1
FM 6-40
c. Practice. Following pretraining, the
section must practice this drill to achieve
initial proficiency. After initial proficiency
has been achieved, sustainment training
every 4 months is recommended. More
frequent training may be necessary if the unit
has a high turnover of personnel, infrequent
related training, loss of key personnel such as
chief computer/computer, or unit-peculiar
problems that degrade drill proficiency.
d. Recommended Training Support.
(1) Personnel and equipment. A
battery FDC section TOE and a battery FDC
section crew are required to train this drill.
(2) Time requirements. It is
estimated that the battery FDC section crew
will require 2 hours of initial training and 30
minutes of sustainment training.
(3) Training area requirements.
Each FDC section undergoing training will
require a 50- by 50-meter area for
emplacement of the section vehicle or for a
classroom of sufficient size to accommodate
the TOE equipment and the crew.
(4) Standards. The drill standards are
based on the following assumptions:
(a) All TOE personnel and equipment
are available and operational.
(b) All personnel are MOS-qualified.
(c) Unless otherwise specified in the
conditions, no other competing actions are
ongoing, and weather conditions are
favorable.
Table G-1.
e.
Training Procedures.
The
chief
TASK'CONDITIONS
TRAINiNG/EVALUATION STANDARDS
G-2
I,1
FM 6-40
Table G-1.
TASK
________
CONDITIONS
I
I'
TRAINING/EVALUATION STANDARDS
This drill should be completed within 8 minutes of
occupation of the position to allow the section to
process calls for fire.
CHIEF COMPUTER
During occupation of position, direct the personnel
Issue order to prepare/ The FDC section and equipment
establish and maintain the FDC. Firing charts
to
are
and
position
in
are
update firing charts.
be prepared as soon as possible.
should
occupying the battery area.
Organize the section beforehand to ensure rapid
and orderly occupation.
Assign duties and ensure that tasks are
understood.
Assign section priorities for preparation.
Ensure section members are thoroughly
familiar with unit and section SOPs.
chart operators have the correct data.
Verify the preparation The FDC section and equipment Ensure
are positioned, and charts are Announce the coordinates found in the lower
of firing charts.
being prepared.
left-hand corner of the chart.
Ensure firing charts are constructed properly.
Ensure FADAC/chart verification is performed.
HCO
If FADAC is not avail- You will be givenable, construct a firing
o A grid sheet.
chart.
o The number for the lower
left-hand corner of the chart.
o The coordinates and
altitudes of three firing batteries
and other critical points.
An RDP.
An aluminum plotting
scale.
O
Plotting pins.
You will be given all chart Transfer from a map-spotted firing chart to a
8
information including surveyed surveyed firing chart without error within
minutes.
grid coordinates and altitudes,
G-3
FM 6-40
I
Table G-1.
TASK
CONDITIONS
TRAINING/EVALUATION STANDARDS
It
chart to a surveyed the range and range to the Note. If FADAC is not available in the FDC, the
firing chart.
fired-on targets, and the new v HCO will construct andmaintain the primary firing
azimuth of fire.
chart and determine chart data. If FADAC is
available, the HCO will operate the FADAC.
VCo
Construct a firing chart. You will be givenTransfer from a mapspotted firing chart to a
surveyed firing chart.
A grid sheet.
An RDP.
O An aluminum plotting
scale.
o
Plotting pins.
* G-4.
ATTACK TARGETS
References:
ARTEP 6-100
FM 6-13E1/2/3
FM 6-141-1
FM 6-141-2
FM 101-60 series
FM 6-40
TASK
[TRAINING/EVALUATION STANDARDS
CONDITIONS
A fire mission has been
received. Commander's target
attack guidance, weapon/
ammunition status, and
situation are known. The level of
control has been established.
Fire order standards have been
posted.
Fire Direction
Officer
attack guidance
is
Precedence of attack.
Desired effects.
manual).
G-5
FM 6-40
Table G-2.
TASK
CONDITIONS
.. .
.. .. .
. . ..
TRAINING/EVALUATION STANDARDS
*
m,
....
..
Chief Computer
Supervise target attack. Fire order has been issued.
Computer
Issue fire commands to Fire order has been issued. Fire Issue fire commands in the correct sequence.
the howitzer section.
command standards are posted.
Determine initial firing data for adjusting piece or
Determine and an- Fire mission is in progress. Chart
nounce firing data.
data are announced.
center platoon (FFE) within 30 seconds.
Announce fire commands.
Determine subsequent corrections to firing data,
and announce subsequent fire commands/FFE
commands (include special corrections).
FADAC/HHC
Operator
Determine and annouce firing data.
HCO/VCO
Determine chart data.
Determine site.
RATELO
Transmit the message
IaW
G-6
FM 6-40
*G-5,
DETERMINE AND
APPLY
REGISTRATION
CORRECTIONS
061-280-2004
061-280-2005
061-280-2006
061-280-2007
(3) References:
ARTEP 6-100
FM 6-13E1/2/3
FM 6-30
TRAINING/EVALUATION STANDARDS
CONDITIONS
TASK
ir
G-7
FM 6-40
Table G-3.
TASK
CONDITIONS
TRAINING/EVALUATION STANDARDS
I
-.-..-- II
Chief Computer
Issue order to prepare/
update GFT settings/
computer residuals.
G-8
'S
FM 6-40
Table G-3.
TASK
CONDITIONS
TRAINING/EVALUATION
STANDARDS
Computeir
Determine and apply A registration has been Determine and apply GFT setting without error
G FT settings and conducted. Adjusted firing data within 2 minutes of receipt of adjusted data.
deflection corrections and chart data are known.
Determine the GFT settings in the proper
to graphical equipment.
sequence.
Determine the total deflection correction.
Determine the GFT deflection correction.
Apply the GFT setting to the GFT.
Announce the GFT setting to the GFT fan
operator.
Determine a new GFT Survey data not available at the
setting when transfer- time of registration are now
ring from a map-spot available.
firing chart to a surveyed firing chart.
FADAC Operator
Using FADAC, com-" FADAC is prepared for action. Compute, store, and transfer registration
of
pute, store, and trans- All known data are entered. A corrections without error within 4 minutes
data.
adjusted
of
receipt
conducted.
being
is
registration
fer registration
G-9
FI 6-40
I I'
Table G-3.
TASK
CONDITIONS
TRAINING/EVALUATION STANDARDS
*11
corrections.
Derive adjusted data for Registration corrections are Derive adjusted data for a multiplot GFT setting
a multiplot GFT setting. stored in FADAC. Ranges to two without error within 4 minutes.
met check gage points are
announced.
HHC Opelrator
Using the computer set, You have set up the HHC for Compute and store registration corrections
FA general, compute action. A GFT setting is (residuals) without error within 4
minutes.
and store registration announced.
corrections.
Determine and store range K.
Determine and store deflection correction.
Determine and store fuze K.
Chavrt Operstor
Determine and announce chart data.
A registration
ducted.
is being
con-
*G-6.
---
- it
ENETFALEZE
IBCS FOB
OPEIRATEON
FM 24-1
FM 24-18
TM 11-5985-357-13
TM 11-7440-283-12-1
STANAG 2867
d. Recommended TrainingSupport.
(1) Personnel and equipment. A
G-1 0
;FI11-
1 .I p
FM 6-40
battery FDC section TOE and a battery FDC
section crew are required to train this drill.
TASK
TRAINING/EVALUATION STANDARDS
CONDITIONS
You will be given an operational
BCS and an adequate power
source.
Chief Computer
BCS Operator
Apply power to BCU.
Initialize BCS.
Information required
initialization is available.
BCU is properly cabled,
radios are on proper
quencies.
G-11
FM 6-40
Table G-4.
TASK
CONDITIONS
TRAINING/EVALUATION STANDARDS
BCS;SBT
SPRT;MAP
AFU;UPDATE
BCS;PIECES
Perform chart check, and
FM;OBCO
SPRT;GEOM
MET;CM
derive multiplot GFT
_settings.
*G-7.
DETERMINE
REPLOT DATA
References:
ARTEP 6-100
FM 6-13E1/2/3
FM 6-30
FM 6-40
Table G-5.
TASK
CONDITIONS
TRAINING/EVALUATION STANDARDS
Chief Computer
The battery has fired a mission. Obtain refinement data from the observer.
The observer has requested
RECORD AS TARGET, or the Determine replot grid and altitude.
FDO has.directed that replot be Report replot grid to the FIST.
performed. Accurate target
location is required to allow
future use of the target.
Computer
FADAC Operator
Replot targets with Replot is directed.
FADAC.
HCO
Replot targets and
determine and announce grid location.
Replot is directed.
Site is requested.
G-13
FM 6-40
Table G-5.
TASK
CONDUTOONS
to FIST.
*G-g,
DETERINE AND
APPLY MET
CORRECTIONS
(3)
d.
(1)
Is
FM 6-40
Table G-6.
TASK
CONDITIONS
TRAINING/EVALUATION STANDARDS
Manual
FADAC/BCS
Input new met data.
Time:
5 minutes (manual)
1 minute (met tape-FADAC only)
Manual
Determine a valid GFT setting for each 800-mil
segment of unit's area of responsibility by use of
the eight-direction met technique within 45
minutes.
FADAC
Derive GFT settings for applicable octants.
Note. For RAP missions, apply propellant
temperature range correction (manual, FADAC,
and HHC).
GFT settings
Accuracy requirements and Determine second and third multiplot
gage point
check
met
a
to
met
the
of
target-engagement ranges by use
technique.
necessitate computation of a
multiplot GFT setting.
Select met check gage points that are farthest (in
range) from the registration point.
Chief Computer
Order that position All information necessary to
constants be deter- compute the corrections is
available.
mined,
G-15
FM 6-40
Table G-6.
TASK
CONDITIONS
ir
Spot-check data.
TRAINING/EVALUATION STANDARDS
ii
Math errors.
FADAC
o
Computer
Manual
Determine position
corrections.
G-16
FM 6-40
Determine and apply met corrections drill (continued).
Table G-6.
CONDITIONS
TASK
TRAINING/EVALUATION STANDARDS
the FADAC.
Derive a GFT setting for Current met data and residuals
are applied to the FADAC.
a 6,400-mil met.
Update theGFTsetting.
Determine position
corrections.
I1
*G-9.
ESTABLESH AND
MAENTAEN
COMMUNWCAT[ONS
(3)
References:
FM 6-30
FM 6-50
FM 21-2
FM 24-1
FM 24-18
STANAG 2867
TM 11-5820-401-10-1
TM 11-5820-401-10-2
TM 11-5820-477-12
TM 11-5830-340-12
TM 11-5985-357-13
TM 38-750
c. Practice. Following pretraining, the
section must practice this drill to achieve
initial proficiency. After initial proficiency
has been achieved, sustainment training
every 4 months is recommended. More
frequent training may be necessary if the unit
has a high turnover of personnel, infrequent
related training, loss of key personnel such as
chief computer/computer, or unit-peculiar
problems that degrade drill proficiency.
G-17
FM 6-40
d. Recommended Training Support.
(1) Personnel and equipment. A
battery FDC section TOE and a battery FDC
section crew are required to train this drill.
(2) Time requirements. It is
estimated that the battery FDC section crew
will require 2 hours of initial training and 30
minutes of sustainment training.
(3) Training area requirements.
Each FDC section undergoing training will
require a 50- by 50-meter area for
emplacement of the section vehicle or for a
classroom of sufficient size to accommodate
the TOE equipment and the crew.
(4) Standards. The drill standards are
based on the following assumptions:
(a) All TOE personnel and equipment
are available and operational.
(b) All personnel are MOS-qualified.
(c) Unless otherwise specified in the
conditions, no other competing actions are
ongoing, and weather conditions are
favorable.
Table G-7.
TASK
CONDITIONS
The battery is conducting either I nstallIFM~ radio set, and secure radio eq uipment to
middle- or high- intensity facilitate best transmission/reception.
combat operations (simulated).
Use antenna group RC-292/OE-254 correctly.
Use remote radio setting.
Enter external radio nets as directed.
Chief Computer.
Issue the order to The FDC section and equipment Direct the personnel during occupation of the
establish and maintain are in position.
position to establish and maintain FDC
communications.
communications. Communications should be
established with a high priority.
Organize the section beforehand to ensure rapid
and orderly occupation.
Assign duties and ensure that tasks are
understood.
Assign section priorities for establishing the
position.
G-18
FM 6-40
Table G-7.
CONDITIONS
TASK
rRAINING/EVALUATION STANDARDS
[1
Verify
the
establish-
he FDC
TI
a
RATELO
00
Note.
To dismount the set, reverse the
procedures. Observe all applicable warnings.
II
.Statingprocdure
andcomuication00m
and communications
procedureswithin
Starting
Note.
checks must
be performed
10 minutes.
m
0
I1
G-19
FM 6-40
Table G-7.
TASK
G/EVALUATiON STADARDS
Mote.
Use an automated
CEOI.
Prepare/submit opertor's meaconing, intrusion, jamming, interference (MIJI) report.
ii
G-20
FM 6-40
.*G-10.
PREPARE FOR
DEDICATED BATTERY
OPERATIONS
References:
ARTEP 6-100
FM 6-13E1/2/3
FM 6-20
Table G-8.
TASK
The battery has been given a IPost maneuver force scheme of maneuver on
dedicated role to support aIsituation map.
G-21
FM 6-40
Table G-8.
TASK
CONDITIONS
company/team in a movement
to contact.
flTRAINING/EVALUATION STANDARDS
Plot control measures and checkpoints on the
firing chart in blue.
Receive the fire support plan.
Mote. The deliberate fire support plan is
received from battalion FDC/squadron fire
support section. The hasty fire support plan is
received by the battery FDC from the FIST (usually
less than 5 minutes before dedication).
Obtain maneuver call signs and frequencies.
Monitor maneuver company/team command net.
Process planned targets. Plot and compute firing
data for all planned targets and checkpoints. Send
data for suppressive targets to howitzer section.
[Note. Priority targets are assigned one per firing
platoon.
Chief Computer
Issue order to prepare
for battery operations.
VCo
Post maneuver force Fire support plan has been Use the most current information. Update as new
scheme of maneuver received.
information is received.
on the situation map.
Computer
Process planned
targets.
Fire support plan has been Compute firing data for all planned targets and
received.
checkpoints.
Send data for suppressive targets to howitzer
sections, one priority target per firing platoon.
Update firing data as required.
G-22
FM 6-40
Table G-8.
TRAINING/EVALUATION STANDARDS
*G-11.
MANAGE AND
APPLY MUZZLE
VELOC I TY
INFORMATION
(2) References:
FM 6-1
FM 6-50
TM 11-7440-240-10
TM 11-7440-283-12-1
MCTV-90-1
c. Practice. Following pretraining, the
section must practice this drill to achieve
initial proficiency. After initial proficiency
has been achieved, sustainment training
every 4 months is recommended. More
frequent training may be necessary if the unit
has a high turnover of personnel, infrequent
related training, loss of key personnel such as
chief computer/computer, or unit-peculiar
problems that degrade drill proficiency.
d. Recommended Training Support.
(1) Personnel and equipment. A
battery FDC section TOE and a battery FDC
section crew are required to train this drill.
FM 6-40
Table G-9.
TASK
CONDITIONS
Chief Computer
Issue the order to
determine updated
MVV data for the unit
and apply the information.
*G-12.
]INI[TIALIZE
THE HAND-HELD
CALCULATOR FOR
OPERATION
References:
ARTEP 6-100
FM 6-13E1/2/3
FM 6-40
TRAINING/EVALUATION STANDARDS
Chief Computer
Issue order to initialize Information required for
the HHC for operation. initialization is available.
HHC Operator
prepare for action.
Prepare the HHC for You have been given an Perform steps to
operational HHC.
operation.
Perform program setup.
G-25
FM 6-40
Table G-1 0. Initialize the hand-held calculator for operation drill (continued).
TRAINING/EVALUATION
*G-13.
JNETEALEZE FADAC
FOR OPERATEON
FM 6-50, chapter 6.
L..
L
k;A
. . lk
11
i-J
jj&
G-26
%, -
(3) References:
ARTEP 6-100
FM 6-13E1/2/3
TM 5-2805-203-14
TM 5-6115-271-14
TM 9-1220-221-10
TM 9-1220-221-10-1
TM 38-750
.." .,,
d. Recommended TrainingSupport.
. "
&&
Ij itI-i
&UiWIJkALLALAuklaam I-A,
FM 6-40
TASK
CONDITIONS
TRAINING/EVALUATION STANDARDS
The FADAC is operational, and Perform program tests, and set up and enter
known battery, weapon, and known data into FADAC.
map data have been received. A
current computer met message Note. This task should be accomplished
is available.
immediately upon occupation of the position and
completion of chart verification. The
computer!VCO should apply the multiplot GFT
setting to the GFT/GFT fan.
Chief Computer
Issue order to initialize The FDC section and equipment
FADAC for operation. are in position.
HCO (FADAC
Operator)
set for starting.
Operate a generator set You have been given an Prepare the generator
operational FADAC and a
(FADAC).
Place the generator set under load, and make
generator.
adjustments as necessary.
Stop the generator engine (when required).
the generator set.
Prepare the FADAC for You have been given a FADAC, a Start
FADAC table, a generator, and
operation.
Perform program tests 1 through 3.
required power cables.
Set up each fire unit.
G-27
FM 6-40
Table G-1 1. Initialize FADAC for operation drill (continued).
TASK
CONDITIONS
TRAINING/EVALUATION STANDARDS
Enter known data without error within 10
Enter known data without error within 10
B. _________________________________________________
ii ______________________________________________________________________________
~1t
11.
Enter known data into You have set up the FADAC and
FADAC.
have known data.
minutes.
11
*G-14.
DETERMIMNE
SPECIAL
CORRECTIONS
a. General. This drill is an integral
part of the battalion training system and was
developed from the ARTEP and soldier's
manuals. It trains ARTEP 6-100 subtask
3-I-6-3j. It applies to all FADAC/manual
units.
b. Prerequisites. Certain crew drills,
ARTEP tasks, and individual skills must be
mastered before this drill can be trained. The
pretraining requirements include the
following:
(1)
(2)
References:
ARTEP 6-100
FM 6-13E1/2/3
FM 6-40
TASK]
CONDITIONS
Upon receipt and computation of The FDC will apply special or hasty corrections to
a call for fire, the FDC applies the firing data.
special corrections (FFE
mission) or hasty corrections
(adjust fire mission) by use of
deliberate or hasty special
corrections to the fire-for-effect
data.
Chief Computer
Issue the order to apply
deliberate special
corrections to a firefor-effect mission.
The FDC has received a Announce the order to the fire direction center.
fire-for-effect mission. The
radius of the target is 100
meters or less.
Computer
You will be given a completed
record of fire with initial firing
data, a prepared M10/M17
plotting board, and MV data for
each platoon.
Determine deliberate
special corrections, and
announce them to each
platoon.
orrections, and
ce them to each
FM 6-40
APPENDIX
PURPOSE
H-2.
TARGET ANALYSIS
H-3.
DETERMINING THE
PRECEDENCE OF
ATTACK
Target Characteristics.
Categories of targets.
CATEGORY
Area (personnel)
EXAMPLE
Squad
Platoon
Battery
Company
Small (personnel)
Observation post
Small patrol
Command post
Small (materiel)
(point)
Tank
Armored personnel
carrier
Bunker, machine gun
Area (materiel)
Armored formation
Truck park
Ammunition dump
FM 6-40
some examples could be listed in more than
one category. For example, a motorized rifle
battalion could be both a first category and a
fourth category target.
(2) For personnel targets in particular,
the posture of the target is extremely
important. Normally, target postures used for
personnel targets are standing, prone, and in
foxholes. For computation, it is assumed that
the personnel are wearing helmets and that
personnel in foxholes are in a crouching
position. In describing a target's posture,
consideration must be given to the protection
afforded by the terrain. For example, an
infantry platoon may be attacking in a
standing posture. However, irregular terrain
may provide protection equivalent to the
prone position. Usually, personnel targets
will seek a more protective posture during an
engagement; for example, from a standing to
a prone position. This change is called
posture sequencing. Posture sequencing
causes considerable degradation of effects as
additional volleys are fired and is the reason
for the continual emphasis on surprise or
mass fires. For the purpose of analysis,
personnel targets in the offense are
considered to be one half standing and one
half prone during the first volley of fire and
all prone for subsequent volleys. In a
defensive configuration, personnel targets
are considered to be one half prone and one
half in foxholes during the initial volley and
all in foxholes for subsequent volleys.
(3) A target must be analyzed to
determine its weak points. Where the target is
most vulnerable and what fires will best
exploit its weaknesses are influenced by the
degree of damage desired. Often there is a
tendency to overkill the target when less
combat power would suffice. On the basis of
the commander's criteria, the FDO must
ascertain the degree of effects needed
(destruction/neutralization/suppression) to
support the tactical plan (fig H-i). The
acceptable degree of damage is that level that
yields a significant
FM 6-40
TARGET
CHARACTERISTICS
TARGET LOCATION
LOCATION ERROR
PROXIMITY TO
FRIENDLY TROOPS
COMPOSITION
SIZE/SHAPE
VULNERABILITY
TERRAIN/WEATHER
PROTECTION AFFORDED
BY TERRAIN
DELIVERY CONSIDERATIONS
EFFECTS DEGRADATION
MOBILITY
RECUPERABILITY
COMMANDER'S CRITERIA
AMMUNITION CONSTRAINTS
DESIRED EFFECTS
TARGET PRIORITY
Figure H-1.
1.
ATTACK IMMEDIATELY
2.
3.
4.
CANCEL MISSION
H-3
FM 6-40
H-4.
DETERMINING THE
MOST SUITABLE
AMMUNITION
__TARE
MUNITIONS
TYPE AND QUANTITY AVAILABLE
TROOP SAFETY
RESIDUAL EFFECTS
WEAONr
CALIBER AND TYPE
SYSTEM RESPONSE TIME
PREDICTED FIRE CAPABILITY
EFFECTIVENESSDISPERSION
H-4
Weapon/ammunition selection
FM 6-40
H-6.
PREDICTING WEAPONS
EFFECTS
The
JMEM/SSs are published as field manuals.
The manuals currently available for all
systems are listed in FM 6-141-1. The basic
data for these manuals were obtained from
test firings, actual combat performance, and
mathematical modeling. Using JMEMs to
determine attack data requires considerable
H-6
and diamond.
f. Ammunition.
and chemical.
FM 6-40
munitions (for example, smoke, illumination,
Weapons.
Figure H-3.
H-5.
DETERMNEfNG THE
METHOD OF ATTACK
H-5
FM 6-40
H-8.
GRAPHICAL
MUNITIONS EFFECTS
TABLES
Table Description.
1220-01-021-7278
(C)
1220-01-021-7279
(C)
1220-01-021-7276
(C)
1220-01-021-7277
1I
~SSI Ft ED
NOTES (can't)
ASSI FIED
NOTES
1. LAZY W
FORMATION
2. VOLLEYS PER
FIRING UNIT AT
2/3 MAXIMUM
RANGE.
3. CENTER OF
BATTERY AIMED
AT TARGET CENTER.
4. P = PROHIBITIVE
OVER 30 BATTERY
VOLLEYS.
E = EXCESSIVE FOR
SPECIFIED FRACTION
OF CASUALTIES.
221 10
.1
.20
.30
Fo|-VT|M
%CAS
FA/SHELL
RT
50
BTRY 100
VOL 150
200
250
_PitIIIcMIPD Iy
4 1 17
31 9
o0 3 112 1
P1 24l 7
421
1i0
E71E
E
5
E f32P]16
173
281 13
5s1 271
5l 3[E 1 3[ 21 E
EIE
2[L E
71 IE
l 3 ],E 31
6.
51 2 |42|3E
6L
P1i 8l.. 3 104i E
3 10
101
p' P
61
MET + VE 0 TLE
10
.20
.30
BN
VOL
6S
50
100
100
200
250
17
4
201 5
P26
7
9
P
P
P 161
PI 7
P1
PDI'vT ICM
CM
PD VT
1"
2
3
3
4
P
P
4
6
23
P
4"" E
41 E
7
S
5
6
10
9
P
P
9, 3
4
P
5
p
,8
P 11
P 12
P15
-1
E
2
3
PDVTIICMI
21
28
P
P
P
6
7
101
14
19
31 2
3 1 2
4
5
8
3
4
6
E 1.01
E .01
0L2
1V
ROLL.
Y0 S1
V PD 0E 1
MM
VE
T 1CM
1VOL
.NOTES
'
''--''-:---
AVERAGE EXPECTED
FRACTION OF CAS.
TC
PM
(con't)
5. %CASUALTIES
P.0VT
0Y
6. TGT POSTURE:
a. OFFENSE
FIRST VOLLEY
.03 .12
.02 .11
ASSYNED RT'S
SOD 50-100m
1 1.01 .02 .10 HQ 100-150m
L
.08
-_.01
2
PLT 150-200m
01 .05
-.
3
250m
CO
BN 250-500m
.30
E 1.0)6".09 .27
E 1.05.08
1/2 STANDING
1/2 PRONE - SUBSEO
2
63'
3ION VOLLEYS
E
42
E
F!ED..0
.ASSI.1
2
E-1.04.o07 .23
E .03 .0616s
E .02 .05 .13
4A3 P0
lP
p
.03.05.201P
.04.06.231PP
_ _II_ P
__1_.02.03.140
_ _ E2
P8415
P1P
.03.0416
.02.01 20 P
P 12
P_21'_5_-_
1
E
PI P
l51
P162
62 P
.09
.08
-. 01101
PP
4P.82.01.2.08
P1023148E2.02.
41PIP17
01P
.-. 01:.0
0
PP
3
3
P
P
1--.01
-. 01.0 3
1/2 FOXHOLES
SUBSEO VOLLEYS
ALL FOXHOLES
7. ICM ISAP
.-
1220.01.021-7277
UNC LASS!IFIE
NOTES (can't)
GRAPHICAL MUNITIONS EF
NOTES
Z VOLLEYS PER
FIRING UNIT AT
2/3 MAXIMUM
RANGE.
3.CENTER OF
BATTERY AIMED
AT TARGET CENTER.
4. P = PROHIBITIVE
OBSERVER ADJUSTED
1 VOL
.02
.05
PD VT 1CMPDrVT 1CM PD VT 1MPD
.10
PDBVT
3
P 16
4
P20
6
P9252
8
P2P
P P 12
P
P
P
P
2
4
6
8 E
51 E
P
121
E
6
P
3
226
P1
P7
Pl2
p 11
5
1A27
E 1
9
E
E1 P
P
1
E
E
3
6
PO
Pe
1220-01-021-7277
E
E
E
E
EP3
E
E
I1E.E
SE
E
7725(
MET + VE 0 TLE
.02
.05
.10
VT 9CM PYDVT 9CM PD VT 1CM
P 291 5
5
P P
7
P P
9
PIP
PI P 13,
E
E
8
.03.0718 P
.02.06161PlO
P P
.0.0413
.01 .03.10, P P
.01.01.07
E
E
E
2
3P
P 12
1
P14
P202
P 293
5
P P
P
P
P
P
2
3
4
7
E
E
2
P
P3
P4
P8
P 12
3
4
6
E
ElO0
E
P3
E
E
.10
1 VOL
VT
9CMPDVT
E .01.02 .05
E.01.01.05
-. 01.04
E
-. 1*.03
E
.02
1E
E
E.E.01
1 E
E
MET + VE 75 TL
.04
.0"
RCM VVL
9MP
V
7P
P
P
8
PP
9
P P
PP111
P IP115P
.02.0415 P
.01.0313 P
.03.111pp
P
.01 .02 .09
.06 p
P-1
P
EP3
E
R0
12
12
P
P
PP
P
p
P P
P
P
P
p
P
p
5S
VOL
lOC
14
p 18
14P
20
-2
p P
VOL
I
.2
VT ICM
] PD .02
VTJ 9CM [1PD VL_
VL
j1
10
.10 1.0
"I VOLIICl41lcM
t'0(2 '
.05' CMiPDAViTIICMIPDIVT
"
PH
P
PV
P0
2
3Z
... 10
PDvTIICMIPDIVTICP
%CAS
P
P
P
2
3
4
E.1
27
P
4
5
P 10
P1
P P
P
PP ,.
P
P
6
7
8
P
P
P
12
4.2
17
I
1
1
2--
P
P
PlO
P P
P P
E
E
2
P 12
2
P
Pj'4
E
E
E
-.
-
11
12
P 20
2
P2
13
3
14
P 24
P -PP1
'P P
....
.012.02.07
.01 .02.07
.01.01.06
-. 01.05
'2
3
3
p
P
P
P
SP
0
D
-6P-
5. %QCASUALTIES
VE 250 TLEPOSTURE
+DEFENSIVE
1. LAZY W
FORMATION
VOLLEYS.
E=EXCESSIVE FOR
DRCIN
WEIS
FRACTION
SPECIFIED
OF CASUALTI ES.
Description
'~
OVER 30BATTERY
(r-))
___________________________
""
"
S
5
6
7
7
77.
2
2
3
3 ..
4
E
E
E
E
E
.02
.02
.01
.01
.01
.01.01 .04
-.
-
.01 .04
01.03
.01 .03
.03
-
AVERAGE EXPECTED
FRATIOOFCAS
6
OF CAS.
FRACTION
VOLLEY
FRST
aOFFENSE
PRONE
VOL'SUALL
SUB S E G
12 P R ON E -, 1E
VOLS
b. DEFENSE
FIRST VOLLEY
1/2 PRONE
1/2 FOXHOLES
SUBSEOVOLLEYS
ALL FOXHOLES
ICM IS AP
les.
H-7 FOLDIN
H-7
FM 6-40
Other Considerations.
FM 6-40
side of the GMET. Look under the window for
30 percent casualties to see that nine
battalion volleys of VT-fuzed ammunition
would be required to achieve 30 percent
average expected fraction of casualties.
Solution:
The FDO orders the battalion to fire nine
volleys VT fuzed ammunition to achieve 30
percent average expected fraction of
casualties.
Table H-3.
TARGET
TYPE
OBSERVATION WEAPON
PROJECTILE HE FUZE
RESULTS
DESIRED
PERSONNEL
In open or in Observed/
foxhole with- unobserved
overhead
out
ocoverhmost
cover___________
In foxhole
with overhead cover
Observed
Observed
Massing is required.
TOT missions are most
effective. First volley is
effective.
All
HE
Proximity
(VT), time
Destruction
All
HE
Proximity
(VT), time
All
HE
Quick,
proximity,
time
Suppression
All
APICM
NA
Destruction
Massing is required on
large targets. TOT missions are most effective.
All
APICM
All
HE
All
HE
Proximity,
time, delay,
quick
Suppression
All
APICM
NA
NA
Suppression
Delay,
quick
Destruction
I1APICM
In dugouts
or caves
REMARKS
HE
All (preferably155 mm
or larger)
H-9
FM 6-40
Table H-3.
TARGET
RESULTS
TYPE
OBSERVATION WEAPON
PROJECTILE HE FUZE
Attacking
battery
position
Observed
105 mm
All
Beehive
HE
APICM
Time
Destruction
Observed
All
HE
Proximity,
time
Suppression
Observed/
unobserved
155 mm
DPICM
NA
Suppression
203 mm
DPICM
NA
Suppression
Observed
155 mm
FASCAM
NA
NA
Observed
155 mm
Copperhead
NA
Destruction
Direct fire
105 mm
HEP, HEP-T
HEAT
NA
Destruction
Observed
All
HE
Proximity,
time
Suppression
Observed/
unobserved
155 mm
APICM
DPICM
NA
Neutralizatio
203 mm
APICM
DPICM
NA
Neutralizatio
155 mm
FASCAM
NA
NA
Observed
155 mm
Copperhead
NA
Destruction
Observed!
All
HE
Proximity,
Destruction
155 mm
DPICM
NA
Destruction
203 mm
DPICM
NA
Destruction
VEHICLE
Armored
personnel
carriers
unobserved
H-I 0
REMARKS
Tanks
Trucks
DESIRED
time
FM 6-40
Table H-3.
TARGET
TYPE
I
11
OBSERVATION
~WEAPONF
PROJECTILE
Observed
All
HE
DESIRED
REMARKS
Suppression
WEAPONS
Antitank
missile
Quick
JIAir defense
ZSU-23-4
SA 6
Observed/
unobserved
All
HE
155 mm
DPICM
203 mm
DPICM
Proximity
NA
IF-
~mif
Observed
SA 8,9
All
HE
Quick
Suppression
All
HE
Quick
7
Unobserved
Towed FA
mortars
multiple
rocket
launcher
Selfpropelled
FA battery
1
i
HE, WP
Proximity,
All
APICM
NA
155 mm
FASCAM
NA
NA
All
HE, WP
Proximity
Suppression
WP is used to ignite
materiel.
All (less
105 mm)
DPICM
NA
Suppression
CM is preferred munition.
155 mm
FASCAM
NA
NA
Unobserved
11
it
All
11
time
time
H-1I
FM 6-40
Table H-3.
TARGET1RESULTS
OBSERVATION WEAPON
PROJECTILE HE FUZE
DESIRED
REMARKS
-- Jt
it
Surfaceto-surface
missile
Unobserved
All (less
Proxim ity,
HE
105 mm)
time
All (less
DPICM
105 mm)
MISCELLANEOUS
Radar
JIt
LI
-if
Unobserved
All
NA
DPICM
iF 3'
HE
Quick, time
proximity
Firepower ki
DPICM
203 mm
NA
I
Firepower kil Same as above.
DPICM
)I
Artillery
command
and observation posts
Observed
All
HE
Quick
Suppression
155 mm
DPICM
NA
Suppression
203 mm
DPICM
Command
post
Unobserved
All
HE
Proximity,
time
155 mm
DPICM
NA
NA
See above.
203 mm
DPICM
Supply
installation
Unobserved
All
HE, WP
Quick
Fires
Boats
Observed
All
HE
Time
Suppression
H-12
S
11
FM 6-40
Table H-3.
TARGET
TYPE
HE
Quick, CP,
delay
Destruction
155 mm
Copperhead
NA
Destruction
HE
CP, delay,
quick
Destruction
Observed/
unobserved
Bridges
Observed
Fortifications Observed
RESULTS
DESIRED
PROJECTILE
OBSERVATION WEAPON
REMARKS
Direction of fire is preferably with long axis of
bridge. Destruction of
permanent bridges is
best accomplished by
knocking out bridge support. Fuze quick is used
for wooden or pontoon
bridges.
Destruction
NA
Copperhead
150 meters usually"require massing
than
greater
of
radius
target
estimated
an
Targets, regardless of type, with
for effective attack.
2
The first objective of firing on moving vehicles is to stop the movement. For this purpose, a deep bracket is
is
established so that the target will not move out of the initial bracket during adjustment. Speed of adjustment
and where
essential. If possible, the column should be stopped at a point where vehicles cannot change their route
point on
one stalled vehicle will cause others to stop. Vehicles moving on a road can be attacked by adjusting on a
the road and then timing the rounds fired so that they arrive at that point when a vehicle is passing it. A firing unit
or units, if available, may fire at different points on the road simultaneously.
155 mm
up,
-..
..-
iIiIIIIl
105 mm
BTRY
ICM (AP)
BTRY
203 mm
BTRY
(BNQ(
BN (BN
250 x 250
266 x 266
239 x 239
380 x 380
390 x 390
320 x 320
Circle
140
150
135
(Radius)
215
220
180
Square
BTRY
HE
BNQ
/07____
BTRY
_a_07%M
BNO
BIRY
BNQ
x 248
275 x 275
239 x 239
380 x380
390Qx390
319 x319
Circle
140
155
135
(Radius)
215
220
180,
Sqae248
H-13
FM 6-40
105 mm
BTRY
BN
155 mm
H-14
1
1
BTRY
BN
203 mm
BTRY
BN
1
1
1
1
ICM (AP)
HE/VT
HE/PD
07
07
04
20
20
12
15
05
03
35
16
11
15
03
02
38
10
05
FM 6-40
APPENDIX
Table 1-3.
TARGET
ALTITUDE
COORDINATES
(METERS)
AA7056
6155
3670
389
AA7059
6258
3835
363
AA7052
5950
3706
350
AA7054
6234
3826
390
AA7050
Reg Pt 1
6068
3644
363
60553
37465
377
Reg Pt 2
63341
37425
376
GUN
Battery locations.
ALTITUDE
GRID
(METERS)
COORDINATES
Table i-1.
BATTERY 1
61321
60858
60478
A
B
C
32489
32640
32859
335
352
348
Table 1-4.
LOCATION
LOCATION
(RIGHT/LEFT)
(FORWARD/BACK)
R230
F250
R10
F220
R60
F25
L130
B20
L35
B240
L270
B295
Table 1-5.
Observer locations.
ALTITUDE
GRID
(METERS)
COORDINATES
Table 1-2.
OBSERVER
01
02
Radar
59748
62213
61550
33872
34190
32572
370
391
358
PLATOON
RigtOO
Center
Left
GRID
COORDINATES
61441
61291
6117 1
32624
32491
32 224
ALTITUDE
(METERS)
355
355
355
I-1
FM 6-40
Table 1-6.
MUZZLE VELOCITY
PLATOON
VARIATION
Right
+1.0 m/s
Center
Left
0
-0.8 m/s
Table 1-7.
PROJECTILES
Lot designations.
LOT
PROPELLANTS
LOT
HE
GB
ADAM-S
GB (ODD LOT)
ADAM-L
M206
DPICM
M80 (203-mm
RAAMS-S
RAAMS-L
WB
HE-RAP
NUC-RAP
M119A1
M207
R
G
HC
M 188 (203-mm
WP (M825)
WP
CHEMICAL (GB)
CHEMICAL (VX)
ILLUMINATION
NUCLEAR
example)
example)
Call signs.'
AGENCY
CALL SIGNS
FIST
Battery A FDC
T2G12
Battery B FDC
T2J27
Battery C FDC
T2V54
Battalion FDC
Z4E76
B6H23
P[2.
ILJLTIPLOT GIRT
SETTEING
STANDI[NG OPERATING
PROCEDURES
Table 1-8.
1-3.
FM 6-40
APPENDIX J
J-1
TARGET
PIECE NUMBER
BATTERY
DATE-TIME GROUP
K-TRANSFER
(1 METER)
ALTITUDE OF TARGET
_________
21
HIGH-EXPLOSIVE/ROCKET-ASSISTED
PROJECTILE ROCKET MOTOR TEMPERATURE RANGE CORRECTION
(1 METER)
(TABLE El)
(1 METER)
ALTITUDE OF BURST
(1 METER)
22
DIFFERENCE(
21 )
ALTITUDE OF BATTERY
(1 METER)
CORRECTED RANGE
23
+ 13 + 19 +
T)23 (
J)
ABOVE GUN (9
HEIGHT OF BURST
- +g)
--
ELEVATION "-
(1 METER)
24
(10 METERS)
26
8
(
O-F])
..
DIFFERENCE) -j -J
12
UNIT CORRECTION
(TABLEF, COLUMN 10/11)
13
14
DIFFERENCE
14 -
CTIQNTALE-,__
t--R-tRE_
COLUMN 18/19)
19
20
FOR PROJECTILE
CORRECTION
WEIGHT) 17 X 18 )
_
,
,.-_
(HIGH-EXPLOSIVE/
ROCKET-ASSISTED PROJECTILE
GFT SETTING)
(1 MIL)
(1 MIL)
11 MIL)
(1 MIL)
..
ELEVATION + COMPLEMENTARY
27 )
ANGLE OF SITE ( j
(1 MIL)
29
(HIGH-EXPLOSIVE/
FUZE SETTING '- [I
ROCKET-ASSISTED PROJECTILE
(0.1)
KGFTSEnING)
30
(0.1)
(0.1)
31
(0.1)
32
(1 MIL)
(1 METER)
DEFLECTION CORRECTION (GFT
(0.1 POUND)
33
DEFLECTION CORRECTION
)
+ DRIFT'-ELEVATION
17
28
_
........
(0.1)
DECREASE/INCREASE
...
I..
(10METERS)
(0.1METER
PER SECOND)
OF])
11
16
(0.1METER
PER SECOND)
....
(1 METER)
E)
VELOCITY (TABLE
AMUZZLE PROJECTILE
POWDER
(NUCLEAR
TEMPERATURE [
15
(100 METERS)
METER])
_______[1
TEMPERATURE [
10
25
(1 METER)
+ -j)
VALU
PROCEDURE
STEP
VALUE
PROCEDURE
STEP
(0.1 POUND)
(0.1 POUND)
DECREASE/INCREASE
(1 MIL)
....
D'EFLECTION TO FIRE
(0.1)
DECREASE/INCREASE
'
J+ )
(i MIL)
_____
36 -EXPLOSIVE/ROcKET-ASSIsTED
PROJECTILE
_____QUADRANTELEVAT1ON-FOR-HIGH
(1 ME-TE-R)
"_____
(1 METER)
BLITCCRETO
(1 METER)
TABLE A)
LVTO
QARN
FRAELEVATION)
QUAD
38...
TOIEii~)
(1 MIL)
,,_____________________________
(1 MIL)
...
1 IL
1ML
on
KNOWN DATA
PROPELLANT TEMPERATURE
TARGET ALTITUDE
CHART RANGE
DATE
HIGH-EXPLOSIVE PROJECTILE
TIME
WEIGHT
PROCEDURE
STEP
RANGE CORRECTION FOR PROJECTILE WEIGHT DIFFERENCE (FT 8-Q-1, TABLE F).
IFVERTICAL INTERVAL ISGREATER THAN OR EQUALTO 100,USE C- AND D-SCALES TO DETERMINE ANGLE OF SITE;
IFVERTICAL INTERVAL IS LESS THAN 100, GO TO STEP 11
VERTICAL INTERVAL.
W(G S T).
10
11
12
13
j)
15
CORRECTIONS TO HIGH-EXPLOSIVE QUADRANT ELEVATION FOR SHELL NUCLEAR (FT 8-ADD-H-, TABLE A).
16
CORRECTIONS-TO HIGH-EXPLOSIVE DEFLECTION FOR SHELL NUCLEAR (FT 8-ADD-H-1, TABLE A).
17
CORRECTIONS TO HIGH-EXPLOSIVE FUZE FOR M591 FUZE (FT 8-ADD-H- 1 TABLE B).
18
19
20
DA FORM 5337-R
~NUCLEAR
SEP 84
QUADRANT ELEVATION.
(This form together with DA Form 5336-B, Sep 84. replaces DA Form 4207. Oct 78)
'I
S
0b
)
'p
C
COMPUTER
CHECKLIST
For use of this form, see FM 6-40; the proponent agency is TRADOC.
FIRE FOR
EFFECT
DISPLACEMENT
GUN
1.UNIT TO FIRE
RANGE
LATERAL
GRID
NUMBER
4. DISTRIBUTION
-__3_....
5. PROJECTILE3
6. AMMUNITION LOT/CHARGE
7. FUZE
5
6
8. NUMBER OF ROUNDS
AIMING
CIRCLE
ADJUST FIRE
FIRE FOR
EFFECT
TARGET NUMBER
, GRID
GRID/ALTITUDE
AZIMUTH
CALL SIGN
KNOWN
POINT/
TARGET
UNIT
TIME
ON
TARGET
LOCATION
OF
FIRE
EMAK
REMARKS
DA FORM 5338-R
'1
SEP 84
'1
a)
*1
0
--I
DAEPOWDERGRU
SHELL/FAMILY
1/
ITEMS
6/
5/
4/
3/
2/
GRO
YPOWDER
UGUN
NUMBER/CHARGE FIRED
1/
ITEMS
6/
5/
4/
3/
2/
4-
-=I-
-4
----1
I-
DA FORM 4982-R
SEP84
"1n
0)
II
ClHARGE GROUP
DATE/TIME
t'U-rN
PiROJECTILE MODEL
I
it iiID~fl
-ITEMS
a
1. WEAPON BUMPER NUMBER
.M
ROUND 1
ROUND 2
ROUND 3
ROUND 4
ROUND 5
ROUND 6
ROUND 7
ROUND 8
READOUT AVERAGE
6. MUZZLE VELOCITY CORRECTION
FOR NONSTANDARD CONDITIONS
7. CALIBRATED MUZZLE VELOCITY
8. NUMBER OF WARMUP
ROUNDS FIRED
REMARKS
II
I II
I
I
II
I II
4982-1-R
-R
DA
FORM 4982-1
DAFORM
SEP84
SEP
84
PROJECTILE WEIGHT
FM 6-40
APPENDIX K
K-1.
SELF-LOCATION
K-2.
LOCATION OF THE
G/VLLD BY USE OF
TWO KNOWN POINTS
CADDO
DIRECTION
DISTANCE
VERTICAL ANGLE
5057
1230
-10
+,,FLATTOP
I
z\OPERATOR
Figure K-1.
DIRECTION
DISTANCE
VERTICAL ANGLE
6238
1570
-8
K-1
FM 6-40
EXAMPLE:
CADDO
DIRECTION
DISTANCE
VERTICAL ANGLE
+B4
1743
3180
+10
00,
3
LI
Figure K-2.
K-2
300 MILS
'
DIRECTION
DISTANCE
VERTICAL ANGLE
2105
3420
-12
FM 6-40
EXAMPLE:
EXAMPLE:
EXAMPLE:
T2A58 THIS IS T2A24, LOCATION
58723 34231, DIRECTION TO SECOND ROUND 5918. OVER.
DIRECTION
DISTANCE
VERTICAL ANGLE
6398
4110
-9
LX
DIRECTION
DISTANCE
VERTICAL ANGLE
5927
3840
-11
OPERATOR
Figure K-3.
K-3
FM 6-40
EXAMPLE:
A G/VLLD operator (T2A23) has no
known points in his area. The FDC (B6H16)
instructs him to.contact a nearby G/VLLD
operator having an accurately located
G/VLLD (T2A47) for assistance in
establishing known points, in his area.
Acceptable points have been identified. They
are sent to the FDC as known points.
B6H16, THIS IS T2A47, KNOWN
POINTS FOR T2A23, OVER.
KNOWN POINT TREE, DIRECTION
0832, DISTANCE 5740, VERTICAL
ANGLE -9, OVER.
KNOWN POINT TANK BODY, DIRECTION 0947, DISTANCE, 6370,
VERTICAL ANGLE -11, OVER.
The FDC plots the known point locations.
T2A23 initiates self-location by use of two
known points.
B6H16, THIS IS T2A23, SELFLOCATION, OVER.
KNOWN POINT TREE, DIRECTION
5823, DISTANCE 6240, VERTICAL
ANGLE -10, KNOWN POINT TANK
BODY, DIRECTION 6207, DISTANCE
5970, VERTICAL ANGLE -14, OVER.
T2A23, THIS IS B6H16, LOCATION
3837 4512, DIRECTION TO TREE
5818, OVER.
K-7. LOCATION BY
SIMULTANEOUS
OBSERVATION
Figure K-4.
K-4
FM 6-40
lase the flares (fig K-5). The operator with the
accurately located G/VLLD acts as the
controlling station and initiates the call for
fire.
(-
EXAMPLE:
B6H16, THIS IS T2A47, DIRECTION
0437, DISTANCE 3780, VERTICAL
ANGLE +21, OVER.
LLUMNATON ROUNDS
SIMULTANEOUS
SIMULTANEOUSi/"/
OBSERVATION
SECOND
OBSERVATION FIRST
ROUND
I-ROUND
SURVEYED
OBSERVATION POST
300
MILS
OBSERVATION POST
LOCATION UNKNOWN
Figure K-5.
Location by simultaneous
observation.
EXAMPLE:
T2A47 is the operator of the accurately
located G/VLLD. T2A23 is the operator of
the G/VLLD being located. B6H16 is the
battery fire direction center. Coordination
between T2A47 and T2A23 has alreadybeen
accomplished.
B6H16 THIS IS T2A47, SIMULTANEOUS OBSERVATION WITH T2A23,
OVER.
1 ROUND, GRID 374522, 1 ROUND,
GRID 391516, OVER.
ILLUMINATION, BY ROUND AT MY
COMMAND, OVER.
T2A47, THIS IS T2A23, READY TO
OBSERVE, OVER.
EXAMPLE:
T2A23 THIS IS H6E26, LOCATION
9164 3842, DIRECTION TO SECOND
ROUND 0317, OVER.
K-8.
OPERATOR CLOUD
HEIGHT
Figure K-6.
K-5
I
FM 6-40
Table K-1.
RANGE
100
200
300
400
1500
510
540
570
610
640'
2000
670
710
740
780
2500
10
840
880
910
940'
980
3000
1010
1040
1080
1110
1140
3500
1180
1210
1250
1280
1310
4000
1350
1380
1420
1450
1480
4500
1520
1550
1580
1620
5000
1650
1680
1720
1750,
1790
1820
5500
1850
1890
1920
1950
1990
6000
2020
2060
2090
2120
Notes.
7. A similar table is on the cover of the Copperhead footprint templates. The
operator should
report operator cloud.height as soon as possible after occupying a position.
He then reports
changes only when the change in operator cloud height exceeds 100 meters.
2. An increase or decrease of 300 meters in measured slant range corresponds
to an approximate 700-meter increase or decrease in cloud height.
3. Enter table with range to nearest 100 meters (interpolation required).
K-9.
ADJUSTMENT OF FIRE
FM 6-40
Figure K-7.
Figure K-8.
K-7
FM 6-40
K-11.
REGISTRATIONS
K-12.
ABBREVIATED
REGISTRATION
TECHNIQUES
K-8
FM 6-40.
GLOSSARY
ADJUST
-an order to the observer or spotter to initiate
an adjustment on a designated target.
angle of fall
-the vertical angle between the tangent to
the trajectory at the level point and the
level base of the trajectory.
adjusted elevation
-elevation based on firing and computed to
place the center of impact at a given or
known range.
angle of site
-the vertical angle between the level base of
the trajectory/horizontal and the line of
site.
ADJUST FIRE
-an order or request to initiate an
adjustment.
-a method of control transmitted in the call
for fire by the observer or the spotter to
indicate that he will control the
adjustment.
angle T
-the angle formed at the target by the
intersection of the gun-target line and the
observer-target line.
adjustment
-a process used in artillery and naval
gunfire to obtain the correct direction,
range, and height of burst (if time fuzes are
used) in engaging a target by observed fire.
axis of tube
-the straight line through the center of the
bore at the breech end and the center of the
bore at the muzzle end.
AIR
-a spotting or an observation by a spotter or
an observer to indicate that a burst or group
of bursts occurred before impact (also see
graze).
airburst
-an explosion of a bomb or projectile above
the surface as distinguished from an
explosion on contact with the surface or
after penetration of the surface.
AT MY COMMAND
-the command used to indicate desire to
control the exact time of delivery of fire.
B
ballistic density
-the computed constant air density that
would have the same total effect on a
projectile during its flight as the varying
densities actually encountered.
ballistics
-the science or art that deals with motion,
behavior, appearance, or modification of
Glossary-1
FM 6-40
missiles or other vehicles acted upon by
propellants, wind, gravity, temperature, or
-any other modifying substance, condition,
or force.
boost cutoff
-the point in a trajectory of a rocket or
missile at which the boost phase
terminates.
barrel
-a
metal or plastic tube through which
ammunition is fired and which controls the
initial direction of the projectile.
-a standard unit of measure of liquids in
petroleum pipeline and storage
operations-42 US standard gallons.
bracketing
-a method of adjusting fire in which a
bracket is established by obtaining an
OVER and a SHORT along the spotting
line and then successively splitting the
bracket in half until a TARGET HIT or
desired bracket is obtained.
breechblock
-a movable steel block that closes the breech
of a cannon.
barrel erosion
-the wearing away of the inner surface of
the bore due to the combined effects of
gas, washing, scoring, and mechanical
abrasion. Barrel erosion causes a reduction
in muzzle velocity.
base of trajectory
-a line extending from the muzzle of the tube
that intersects the trajectory at the same
altitude as the muzzle.
BATTERY ADJUST
-a command given to alert all pieces of the
battery.
battery center
-a point materialized on the ground at the
approximate geometric center of the
battery position; the chart location of the
battery.
battery front
-the lateral distance between the flank guns
of a battery.
battery (troop) left (right)
-a method of fire in which weapons are
discharged from the left (right), one after
the other, at 5-second intervals.
BATTERY 1 (or more) ROUND
-a
method of fire announced as a fire
command that directs that all pieces be
fired at the same time.
beehive
(ammunition)
-a type of
ammunition designed for use in
defending a position against massed
personnel attacks.
boat tail
-the conical section of a ballistic body that
progressively decreases in diameter toward
the tail to reduce overall aerodynamic drag.
Glossary-2
breech ring
-the breechblock housing, screwed or
shrunk onto the rear of a cannon tube, in
which the breechblock engages.
burster
-an explosive charge used to break open and
spread the contents of chemical projectiles,
bombs, or mines.
C
caliber
-the diameter of the bore of a gun. In rifled
gun barrels, the caliber is obtained by
measuring between opposite lands. A
caliber .45 revolver has a barrel with a land
diameter of 45/100 of an inch.
-the diameter of a projectile.
-a unit of measure used to express the length
of the bore of the weapon. The number of
calibers is determined by dividing the
length of the bore of the weapon, from the
breech face of the tube to the muzzle, by the
diameter of its bore. A gun tube with the
bore 40 feet (480 inches) long and 12 inches
in diameter is said to be 40 calibers long.
call for fire
-- a request for fire containing data necessary
for obtaining the required fire on a target.
cancel
-when coupled with an order other than
quantity or type of ammunition, rescinds
that order.
cannon
-a
FM 6-40
mechanism, and a sighting system
mounted on a carriage.
cannoneer
-a member of an artillery gun or howitzer
crew whose primary duty is servicing the
piece.
cannot observe
chemical agent
-a
computer
-a mechanical or electromechanical
instrument used to solve mathematical
problems. It is used to obtain data for
artillery and for navigation. A computer
used with air defense artillery receives
continuous present-position data on
aircraft or other moving targets and
continuously calculates firing data for use
against such targets; data computer.
-a fire direction center operator who
computes data for laying and firing
artillery guns.
continuous fires
-fire conducted at a normal rate without
interruption for applying adjustment
corrections.
-in field artillery and naval gunfire, loading
and firing as rapidly as possible, consistent
with accuracy, within the prescribed rate of
fire for the weapon. Firing will continue
until the command CHECK FIRING,
CEASE LOADING, or END OF
MISSION is given.
continuous illumination
-a type of fire in which illuminating
projectiles are fired at specified time
intervals to provide uninterrupted lighting
on the target or specified area.
CONVERGE
-a request or command used in a call for fire
to indicate that the observer or spotter
desires a sheaf in which the planes of fire
intersect at a point.
converged sheaf
gun fires at a
in which each
-a type of sheaf deflection,
and quadrant
unique time,
elevation to cause the rounds to impact at
the same point.
cook off
-the functioning of a chambered round of
ammunition initiated by the heat of the
weapon.
Glossary-3
FM 6-40
coordinated illumination
CRESTED
deflection
-the setting on the scale of the sight of a
weapon to place the line of fire in the
desired direction.
-the horizontal clockwise angle between the
axis of the tube and the line of sight.
deflection index
-a fine line constructed on the firing chart
and used to measure deflection with the
range-deflection protractor.
deflection limits
-right
and left
traverse
that establish
the lateral
limits
of alimits
designated
impact
area.
deflection probable error
--the directional error caused by dispersion
that will be exceeded as often as not in an
infinite number of rounds fired at a single
deflection. It is one eighth the width of the
Glossary-4
destruction fire
-fire delivered for the sole purpose of
destroying materiel objects.
deviation
-the distance by which a point of impact
or
burst misses the target.
-the angular difference between magnetic
and compass headings.
direction
-a term used by a spotter or an observer in a
call for fire to indicate the bearing of the
spotting line.
dispersion pattern
-the dispersion of a series of rounds fired
from one weapon or a group of weapons
under conditions as nearly identical as
possible. The points of bursts or impacts
are dispersed about a point called the mean
point of impact.
dispersion rectangle
-a table that shows the probable
distribution of a succession of shots fired
with the same firing data. A dispersion
rectangle consists of a diagram made up of
64 zones. The table shows the percentage of
shots that may be expected to fall within
each zone.
doubtful
-a term used by the observer or spotter to
indicate that he was unable to determine
the difference in range between the target
and a round or rounds.
DOWN
-a term transmitted in a call for fire to
indicate that the target is at a lower altitude
than the reference point used in identifying
the target.
FM 6-40
-a
drag
-the resistance of the atmosphere to the
movement of a projectile through it. Drag is
directly proportional to the diameter and
velocity of the projectile and the density of
the air.
drift
-the lateral deviation of the trajectory from
the plane of departure caused by the
rotation of the projectile. As a result of the
deviation, the horizontal projection of the
trajectory would be a curved line rather
than a straight line. The deviation is
always to the right with a projectile having
a right-hand spin.
DROP
-a correction reported by an observer or a
spotter to indicate that a decrease in range
along the observer-target line is desired.
E
elevate
-to raise the muzzle or warhead end of a
weapon.
elevation
-the vertical angle between horizontal and
the axis of the bore or rail of a weapon
required for a projectile to reach a
prescribed range.
emplacement
-a prepared position for one or more
weapons or pieces of equipment for the
purpose of protection against hostile fire or
bombardment.
-the act of fixing a gun in a prepared
position from which it may be fired.
END OF MISSION
-an order given to terminate firing... on a
specific target.
F
final protective fire
fire direction
ephemeris
-a tabular statement of the assigned places
of celestial bodies for regular intervals.
FIRE MISSION
--an order used to alert the battery area and
to indicate that the message following is a
call for fire.
exterior ballistics
-- a subdivision of ballistics that deals with
the phenomena associated with the
aerodynamic performance of missiles.
fire mission
--a specific assignment given to a fire unit as
part of a definite plan.
Glossary-5
FM 6-40
firing data
-all data necessary for firing an artillery
piece at a given objective. Such data may be
determined by computation and then
transmitted by verbal commands or may be
applied electromechanically by one of the
several types of directing devices.
firing table
-a table or chart giving the data needed for
firing a weapon accurately on a target
under standard conditions. It also gives the
corrections that must be made for special
conditions such as winds or variations of
temperature.
fixed ammunition
-ammunition in which the cartridge case is
permanently attached to the projectile.
FUZE
-a command or request to indicate the type
of fuze action desired; for example, delay,
quick, time, or VT.
fuze
-a device used in munitions to initiate a
detonation.
fuze delay
-a fuze that has a delay element
incorporated into the fuze train.
fuze super quick
-a fuze that functions immediately upon
impact of the projectile with the target.
Action of this type of fuze is the quickest
possible. The firing pin is driven into the
primer immediately upon first contact of
the missile with the target; hence, the
missile functions at the surface of the
target. Also called instantaneous fuze.
fuze time
-(fuze mechanical time super quick) a fuze
that contains a graduated time element to
regulate the time interval after which the
fuze will function.
fuze VT
-see proximity fuze.
GRAZE
-a spotting or observation reported by a
spotter or an observer to indicate that all
bursts occurred on impact.
Glossary-6
grid
-a term used when giving the location of a
geographic point by grid coordinates.
-two sets of parallel lines intersecting at
right angles and forming squares. The grid
is superimposed on maps, charts, and other
similar representations of the earth's
surface in an accurate and consistent
manner to permit identification of ground
locations with respect to other locations
and to permit the computation of direction
and distance to other points.
grid convergence
-the angular difference in direction between
grid north and true north. It is measured
east or west from true north.
grid coordinates
-numbers and letters of a coordinate system
that designate a point on a gridded map,
photograph, or chart.
grid line
-one of the lines in a grid system; the line
used to divide a map into squares.
East-west lines in a grid system are X lines,
and north-south lines are Y lines.
grid magnetic angle
-the
in direction between
gridangular
north difference
and magnetic
north. It is
measured east or west from grid north. Grid
magnetic angle is sometimes called
grivation and/or grid variation.
grid north
-the northerly or zero direction indicated by
the grid datum of direction reference.
grid system
-imaginary lines dividing the earth into
sectors to aid in the location of points.
gun-target line
-an imaginary straight line from the gun to
the target.
height of burst
-the vertical distance from the earth's
surface or the target to the point of burst.
-for nuclear weapons, the optimum height of
burst for a particular target (or area) at
which it is estimated a weapon of a
specified energy yield will produce a certain
desired effect over the maximum possible
area.
FM 6-40
HIGH ANGLE
lay
--to direct or adjust the aim of a weapon.
-the setting of a weapon for a given range or
for a given deflection or for both.
level point
-the point on the descending
trajectory that is at the same
point of origin. The point
trajectory cuts the base. It
referred to as point of fall.
branch of the
altitude as the
at which the
is sometimes
LINE
-a spotting or an observation reported by a
spotter or an observer to indicate that a
burst occurred on the spotting line.
line of departure
line designated to coordinate the
-a
departure of attack or scouting elements; a
jump-off line.
line of elevation
-the axis of the bore prolonged.
line of fall
-the line tangent to the trajectory at the level
point.
line of sight
-line of vision.
-the straight line between two radio
antennas.
line of site
-a straight line joining the origin and a
point, usually the target.
LOST
-a spotting or an observation reported by a
spotter or an observer to indicate that
rounds fired by a gun or mortar were not
observed.
low-angle fire
-fire delivered at angles of elevation at or
below the elevation that corresponds to the
maximum range of the gun and
ammunition concerned.
M
maximum ordinate
-the highest point along the trajectory of a
projectile. The difference in altitude
(vertical interval) between the origin and
the summit.
maximum quadrant elevation
-the greatest vertical angle at which an
artillery piece can be laid. The angle is
limited generally by the mechanical
structure of the piece.
Glossary-7
FM 6-40
mean height of burst
-the average of the heights of burst of a
group of rounds fired with the same firing
data.
mean point of impact
-the point whose coordinates are the
arithmetic mean of the coordinates of the
separate points of impact of a finite number
of projectiles fired or released at the same
aiming point under a given set of
conditions.
mechanical time fuze
-a fuze with a clocklike mechanism that
controls the time at which the fuze will
function.
meteorological data
-meteorological facts pertaining to the
atmosphere such as wind, temperature, air
density, and other phenomena which affect
military operations.
meteorological datum plane
-the reference plane assumed as a basis or
starting point for atmospheric data
furnished to artillery. Its altitude is that of
the meteorological station.
mil
-a unit of measure for angles based on the
angle subtended by 1/6400 of the
circumference of a circle. A mil is the angle
subtended by one unit at 1,000 units.
-1/1000 of an inch (wire measurement).
mine action
-the explosion of a shell below the surface of
the ground.
minimum quadrant elevation
-the minimum vertical angle of the tube for a
specific charge which, when fired, will
ensure that the round impacts in the
designated impact area.
minimum range
-the least range setting of a gun at which the
projectile will clear an obstacle or friendly
troops between the gun and the target.
--the shortest distance to which a gun can
fire from a given position.
misfire
-failure to fire or explode properly.
-failure of a primer or the propellant of a
projectile to function wholly or in part.
MIXED
-a
MIXED AIR
-- a spotting or an observation reported by a
spotter or an observer to indicate that the
rounds fired resulted in both airbursts and
impact bursts, with a majority of the bursts
being airbursts.
MIXED GRAZE
-a spotting or an observation reported by a
spotter or an observer to indicate that the
rounds fired resulted in both airbursts and
impact bursts, with a majority of the bursts
being impact bursts.
muzzle velocity
-the velocity of a projectile with respect to
the muzzle at the instant the projectile
leaves the muzzle of the weapon.
muzzle velocity variation
-the change in muzzle velocity of a weapon
from the standard muzzle velocity
expressed in meters per second.
northing
-the northward (that is, from bottom to top)
reading of grid values on a map.
number of rounds
-the number of projectiles per tube to be fired
on a specified target.
observation post
-a
position from Which military
observations are made or fire directed and
adjusted and which possesses appropriate
communication. It may be airborne. The
point selected for the observation and
correction of fire.
observer-target line
-an imaginary straight line from the
observer or the spotter to the target.
Glossary-8
vi-rTrwr.1.1
-imam""
MWWllM9%R
.,m=MWfiTE'
FM 6-40
observer-target range
-the distance along an imaginary straight
line from the observer or the spotter to the
target.
obturation
-any process that. prevents the escape of
gases from the tube of a weapon during the
firing of a projectile.
ogive
-the curved forward part up to and including
the pointed end of a projectile; also called
head.
on-call targets
-planned targets, other than scheduled
targets, on which fire is delivered when
requested.
open sheaf
-a type of sheaf in which each gun fires at a
unique time, deflection, and quadrant
elevation to cause the rounds to impact in a
straight line, perpendicular to the GT
azimuth and centered on the target, with
bursts separated by one bursting radius.
origin of the trajectory
-the center of the muzzle of a gun at the
instant the projectile leaves it.
OUT
-(in conduct of fire procedures only)
indicates the end of a transmission, but the
same station is expected to transmit. It also
indicates the termination of a read back.
-(in normal radiotelephone procedures other
than conduct of fire) indicates that this is
the end of the transmission, and no answer
is required or expected.
OVER
-a spotting or an observation used by a
spotter or an observer to indicate that a
burst has occurred beyond the target in
relation to the observer-target line.
-(for normal radiotelephone procedures
other than conduct of fire) indicates that
this is the end of the transmission, and an
answer is expected.
P
point-detonating fuze
-a fuze located in the nose of a projectile that
is initiated upon impact.
polar coordinates
-the direction, distance, and vertical shift
from a known point to another point; for
example 6,200 mils, 300 meters, up 20 mils.
-consists' of the direction, distance, and
vertical correction (shift) from the
observer's position to the target.
polar plot
-the method of locating a target or a point on
the map by means of polar coordinates.
predicted fire
-the term used to describe the ultimate
delivery technique of applying accurately
computed corrections (not determined by
firing) to standard firing data for all
nonstandard conditions of the weather/
weapon/ammunition combination and for
the rotation of the earth. It implies the
capability of delivering accurate surprise
nonnuclear or nuclear fires on a target of
known location in any direction from the
weapon position and limited in range only
by the characteristics of the weapon and
ammunition used.
probable error
-the measurement of the impact distribution
in the dispersion pattern around the mean
point of impact.
projectile
-an object projected by an applied exterior
force and continuing in motion by virtue of
its own inertia such as a bullet, bomb, shell,
or grenade. A term also applied to rockets
and to guided missiles.
propellant
-that which provides the energy required for
propelling a projectile. Specifically, an
explosive charge for propelling a bullet,
shell, or the like. Also a fuel, either solid or
liquid, for propelling a rocket, missile, or
the like.
propelling charge
-a powder charge that is set off in a weapon
to propel a projectile from it; the
propellant. Burning of the confined propel-
propellant increment
--a distinct portion of a propelling charge
designed to permit separation from the
total charge for range-adjustment
purposes.
Glossary-9
FM 6-40
proximity fuze
-a fuze designed to detonate a projectile,
bomb, mine, or charge when activated by
an external influence in the close vicinity of
a target. The variable time fuze is one type
of proximity fuze.
Q
quadrant elevation
-the angle between the level base of the
trajectory/horizontal and the axis of the
bore when laid. It is the algebraic sum of
the elevation, angle of site, and
complementary angle of site.
range
-the distance between any given point and
an object or a target.
-the extent or distance limiting the
operation or action of something such as
the range of an airplane, a vehicle, or a gun.
-the distance that can be covered over a hard
surface by a ground vehicle, with its rated
payload, using the fuel in its tanks and in
cans normally carried as part of the ground
vehicle equipment.
-an area equipped for practice in shooting at
targets (also called target range).
range correction
-a change in firing data necessary to allow
for deviation of range due to weather,
ammunition, or other nonstandard
conditions.
range spread
-the technique used to place the mean point
of impact of two or more units 100 meters
apart on the gun-target line.
REPEAT
-an order or request to fire again the same
number of rounds with the same method of
fire.
rotating band
-the soft metal band around a projectile near
its base. The rotating band makes the
projectile fit tightly in the bore by centering
the projectile, thus preventing the escape of
gas and giving the projectile its spin.
round
-one shot fired by a weapon.
-all of the parts that make up the
ammunition necessary to fire one shot. A
round consists of a primer, a propelling
charge, a projectile, and a fuze. In fixed
ammunition, these parts of a round are held
together with a shell case. In small arms
ammunition, the projectile is called a
bullet, and the complete round is called a
cartridge.
ROUNDS COMPLETE
-the term used to report that the number of
rounds specified in fire for effect have been
fired.
sheaf
-planned planes of fire that produce a
desired pattern of bursts with rounds fired
by two or more weapons.
range-deflection protractor
-a device used to measure range and
deflection.
SHELL (specify)
-a command or request indicating the type
of projectile to be used.
range K
-a correction expressed in meters per 1,000
meters range to correct for nonstandard
conditions.
shell
-a hollow projectile filled with explosive,
chemical, or other material as opposed to
shot, which is a solid projectile.
-a shotgun cartridge.
--to bombard; to fire a number of rounds at a
target.
shift
-the transfer of fire from one target to
another.
--to transfer fire from one target to another.
FM 6-40
-the deflection difference from one
designated point to another used in
opening or closing the sheaf of artillery or
mortar units.
SHORT
-a spotting or an observation reported by a
spotter or an observer to indicate that a
burst occurred short of the target in relation
to the spotting line.
short
-a round that strikes or bursts on the near
side of the target; a round fired without
sufficient range to reach the target.
shot
-pellets, small balls, or slugs used in
shotgun shells, canisters, and some other
types of ammunition.
-a report that indicates that a gun or guns
have been fired.
side spray
-fragments from a bursting shell that are
thrown sideways from the line of flight.
special sheaf
-a type of sheaf in which each gun fires a
unique time, deflection, and'quadrant
elevation to cause the rounds to impact in a
specific geometrical pattern.
SPLASH
-a word transmitted by a firing ship or
artillery fire direction center to the spotter 5
seconds before the estimated time of the
impact of a salvo or a round.
spotting
-a process of determining, by visual or
electronic observation, deviations of
artillery or naval gunfire from the target in
relation to a spotting line.
-the process of supplying necessary
information for the adjustment or the
analysis of fire.
spotting line
supplemental charge
T
target grid
-a device for converting the observer's
target locations and corrections with
respect to the observer-target line to target
locations and corrections with respect to
the gun-target line.
time of flight
-the time, in seconds, from the instant a
projectile leaves the muzzle of a weapon to
the instant it strikes or bursts.
trajectory
transfer limit
-the maximum difference in direction and
U
UP
-a term transmitted in a call for fire to
indicate that the target is higher in altitude than the point that has been used as
a reference point for the target location.
-a correction used by a spotter or an observer
to indicate that an increase in height of
burst is desired.
V
vertical angle
-the angle measured vertically, up or down,
from a horizontal plane of reference. The
vertical angle is expressed as plus or minus
depending on whether the position is above
Glossary- 11
FM 6-40
aiming circle
bal
BCS
ballistics
battery computer system
BCU
BMA
bn
btry
BUCS
cal
CB
CEOI
caliber
center of battery
communications-electronics
operation instructions
command fire
call for fire
charge
complementary angle of site
correction
CF
CFF
chg
comp site
corr
Glossary-i 2
CSF
CSR
ctg
dE
df
dH
DMD
dN
DNL
DPICM
DS
DTG
deflection
difference in height
digital message device
difference in northing
do not load
dual-purpose improved
conventional munitions
direct support
date-time group
EFC
el
EOL
EOM
EXEC
FA
FADAC
field artillery
field artillery digital
automatic computer
family of scatterable mines
fire control information
fire control officer
fire direction center
fire direction officer
fire for effect
FASCAM
FCI
FCO
FDC
FDO
FFE
FM 6-40
FIST
FLOT
FO
FPF
FS
FSE
FSO
FT
FTX
fz
GB
GBC
GDU
Gil?
GMET
GQ
GSR
GST
GTAZ
GTRG
G/VLLD
HA
HB
HC
HCO
HE
HEP
HES
HET
HHC
HOB
IAW
ICAO
ICM
illum
ir
forward observer
final protective fires
fuze setting
fire support element
fire support officer
firing table
field training exercise
fuze
green bag
geographical battery center
gun display unit
graphical firing table
graphical munitions
effectiveness table
gunner's quadrant
general support reinforcing
graphical site table
gun-target azimuth
gum-target range
ground/vehicular laser
locator designator
high angle
high burst,
height of burst
hydrochloroethane
horizontal control operator
high explosive
high explosive plastic
high explosive spotting
high explosive tracer
hand-held calculator
height of burst
in accordance with
International Civil Aviation
Organization
improved conventional
munition
illumination
infrared
JMEM/SS
LA
low angle
JMEM
m/
MAP MOD
max
MDP
met
MHL
MIJI
min
MPI
m/s
MSU
MT
MTO
MTSQ
MV
MVV
meter
mil
map modification
maximum
meteorological datum plane
meteorological, meteorology
manufacturer's hairline
meaconing, intrusion,
jamming, interference
minute
mean point of impact
meters per second
mutual support unit
mechanical time
message to observer
mechanical time super quick
muzzle velocity
muzzle velocity variation
NCS
nuclear, biological,
chemical
net control station
OL
OB
OP
OPCODE
os
OT
orienting line
operator-burst
observation post
operations code
orienting station
observer-target
NBC
OT1VI
observer-target vertical
interval
PADS
PD
Glossary-I 3
FM 6-40
PED
PEHB
PER
PERB
%CAS
PETB
PEV
PMCS
plt
PMOD
PRF
proj
prox
PTF
Q
QE
QSTAG
RAAMS
RDP
reg pt
rep
rg
RPV
RT
registration point
replot
range
remotely piloted vehicle
radii of target, radius of target
RAP
RATELO
rd
Glossary-i 4
SCA
SD
sec
si
smk
STANAG
STX
TACFIRE
TAG
TBG
TF
TFC
TFT
tgt
ti
TLE
TOE
TOT
tot
UTM
VA
vertical angle
vertical control operator
variable format message
entry device
vertical interval
variable time
VCO
VFMED
VI
VT
WR
white phosphorus
weapon
when ready
yd
yard
WP
wpn
FM 6-40
REFERENCES
PUBLICATION INDEXES
frequently for the
Department of the Army pamphlets of the 310-series should be consulted
relating to
latest changes or revisions to references in this appendix and for new publications
material covered in this publication.
FM 6-40
21-26
23-90
23-91
23-92
24-1 (HTF)
24-18
25-2 (Test)
100-5 (HTF)
101-5-1 (HTF)
101-31-1
101-60-17
Map Reading
81-mm Mortar
Mortar Gunnery
4.2-Inch Mortar, M30
Combat Communications
Field Radio Techniques
How to Manage Training in Units
Operations
Operational Terms and Graphics
Staff Officers' Field Manual: Nuclear Weapons Employment
Doctrine and Procedures
(C) Basic Effectiveness Manual, Surface-to-Surface
5-6115-271-14
6-230
9-1220-221-10/1
9-1229-242-12&P
9-1260-477-12
9-1300-200
9-6920-361-13&P
11-5820-401-1
11-5820-401-10-2
References-2
FM 6-40
11-5820-477-12
11-5830-340-12
11-5860-201-10
11-5985-357-13
11-7440-283-12-1
38-750
43-0001-28
Cannon, 8-Inch Howitzer, M201 on Howitzer, Heavy, SelfPropelled: 8-Inch, Ml0Al and Cannon, 8-Inch Howitzer,
References-3
.. .
FM 6-40
8-S-1
155-ADD-I-1
155-ADD-J-1
155-ADD-L-i
155-AJ-2
155-AN-1
Note. Because of the rapidly changing status of firing tables, the Gunnery Department, USAFAS,
publishes annually a list of current firing table information. The publication is Gunnery R&A
Division Reference Note 1. Users may request a copy and be placed on the mailing list by writing:
Commandant
US Army Field Artillery School
ATTN: A TSF-GA
Fort Sill, OK 73503
MISCELLANEOUS PUBLCATIONS
ARTEP 6-100
STANAG 4119
QSTAG 220
QSTAG 224
QSTAG 225
QSTAG 246
MVCT-M90-1
References-4
.. .............
FM 6-40
Note.
A copy of the Field Artillery Catalog of Instructional Material may be obtained by writing:
Commandant
US Field Artillery School
A TTN: A TSF- CR- TS
Fort Sill, OK 73503
References-5
FM 6-40
INDEX
ADAM;
9-18
10-16,
Elevation; 3-5
APICM; 9-4
Horizontal control
4-3
Estimation/pacing; 13-3
operator;
4-1,
FASCAM; 9-8
Bourrelet; 3-1
11-2
Calibration; 11-1
computer; 10-7
Footprint; 9-35
message; 10-5
Chart; 5-3
Chart operator; 4-1,
13-33
4-2, 12-19,
Met
validity; 10-9
Index-1
FM 6-40
Nonstandard conditions; 10-1
Splash; 6-14
Nuclear gunnery
155-mm howitzer delivery; 9-31,
9-32
Survey; 13-4
5-1,
5-2,
computer, 9-30
K-transfer; 9-25, 9-26
met + VE; 9-25, 9-27
observer adjustment, 9-25, 9-28
12-12, 10-16
Target grid; 5-4
Three-grid target; 13-15
Tick mark; 5-6
Time gage line; 7-.3, 7-4
Time setting; 7-2, 7-4, 7-5, 9-53
Time fuze correction; 10-12, 10-16,
10-21
Origin; 3-5
DPICM; 13-39
multilot 12-9
Piece displacement; 12-7, 13-1
offset; 12-1
Registration/special correction
work sheet (DA Form 4757); 12-7,
13-12
radar; 12-1
-S
Sheaf
Index-2
mon-
FM 6-40
7 DECEMBER 1984
Official:
DONALD J. DELANDRO
Brigadier General, United States Army
The Adjutant General
DISTRIBUTION:
Active Army, ARNG, and USAR: To be distributed in accordance with DA Form 12-11A, Requirements for Field Artillery Cannon Gunnery (Qty rqr block no. 44); Operation of the Gun Direction
Computer M 18, Cannon Gunnery Application (Qty rqr block no. 48) and Field Artillery Cannon
Battalions and Batteries (Qty rqr block no. 72).
Additional copies may be requisitioned from the US ArmyAdjutant General Publications Center,
2800 Eastern Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21220.
L
T%7', Cc-ca
PSA
U. S. ARMY AG PUBLICATIONS CE
2800 EASTERN BOULEVARD
BALTIMORE, MARYLAND 21220-2896
:SPECL
411-
CI
RI
OFFICIAL BUSINESS
PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE $300
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