PUZZLES

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(Over,Down,Direction)
BINARY(8,8,NE)
CODE(1,1,S)
CYCLIC(6,11,W)
DECODING(7,8,SE)
DIGITAL(1,7,NE)
EFFICIENCY(2,1,SE)
ERROR(15,2,S)
FREQUENCY(12,9,NW)
HAMMING(12,7,NW)
PARITY(14,1,S)
PERFORMANCE(11,14,W)
PHASE(12,5,NW)
POLYNOMIAL(13,1,SW)
REDUNDANCY(10,12,W)
SHIFT(1,5,NE)
SPECTRAL(8,13,W)
SYNDROME(13,6,S)
SYSTEMATIC(11,1,SW)
TRELLIS(3,7,NE)
AMPLITUDE SHIFT KEYING

2.

SPREAD SPECTRUM MODULATION

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

Fill in the blanks

10.

11.Find the missing block:

12. FIND

13) The figure below shows an example of a modulation system used in digital communication.
What is that modulation system?

a.
b.
c.
d.

PCM Modulation.
Delta Modulation.
Sigma Modulation.
Differential Modulation.

14) JUMBLED words

Nhcnale
rues
oucsre
cervrei
emasgse
15.

Match the following

Modulation Technique

Applications

a. Amplitude Modulation

1. audio transmission

b.

Frequency Modulation

2. Digital synthesizers

c.

Vestigial Side band modulation

3. video and image transmission

d.

Phase modulation

16) Pick the odd man out:

a. ratio detector
b. slope detector
c. balanced slope detector
d. envelope detector

17) Find the missing letters

a) Di- -r- - - - -t r

4. Television signals

b) _ _ S _ o _ _i _ _
c) O _ _ _l _ _ t _ r

18. Copy the letters in the numbered cells to other cells with the same number.

Thwie
Woehinntn
Guasinsa
Kpin
Wobrnr
ensio
19. Which is Discrete signal

20.

21.

22.

23. Match the following:

Modulation Technique

Applications

e. Amplitude Modulation
f. Frequency Modulation
g. Vestigial Side band modulation
h. Phase modulation
i. Balanced Modulator
j. FM and PM

1. audio transmission
2. Digital synthesizers
3. video and image transmission
4. Phase Constant
5. Television signals
6. DSB-SC

Ans: a-3, b-1, c-5, d-2, e-6, f- 4

24.

DOUBLE PUZZLE

UNIT 2

25.

UNSCRAMBLE THE TITLE TO FIND THE WORD

26.

27.

28.

CRISS CROSS

ANS:

29. Fallen phrase

30. What does figure a. and b. represents?

a.
31) Double Puzzle

b.

32..
33. Rearrange
ONLY NEEDS TEXT DIGITIZING THE ENCODING
34. Hints developing:
Filter analog signal sample called prefiltering
35. sample analog signal filter called postfiltering
36. sampling frequency can be ____________

Hint :
37. Quantization levels can be ___________

Hint:

38. Rearrange:
IS ERROR DIFFERENCE QUANTIZATION THE BETWEEN SIGNAL SIGNAL QUANTIZED MESSAGE AND

39. FIND

40. FIND

41. Rearrange
BE SHOULD POSITIVE INFORMATION (I) I >=O
42. REDUNDANCY RECTIFICATION MORE OF NEEDS ERROR
43. Match
FORWARD ERROR
CORRECTION

COMPUTER
COMMUNICATION

ERROR CORRECTING CODES

NEEDS MORE OVERHEAD

AUTOMATIC REPEAT
REQUEST

DOES BOTH DETECTION AND

CORRECTION OF ERROR

44. HINTS DEVELOPING:

PARITY CHECK CODE NUMBER OF CHECK BITS 1 EVEN EVEN NUMBER OF 1S INFORMATION
BITS ODD ODD NUMBER OF 1S
45. FIND

46. MATCH
SYSTEMATIC CODEWORD

NON SYSTEMATIC CODEWORD

GENERATOR MATRIX

PARITY CHECK MATRIX

USED TO GENERATE
CODEWORD
E(HT )

MESSAGE: PARITY

MESSAGE AND PARITY SHUFFLED

SYNDROME
H
47. TWO TYPES OF ERROR CONTROL CODES
HINT: 1.

HINT 2.

48. DELTA MODULATION DISADVANTAGES:

HINT: 1.

HINT: 2.

49. NOISE IN PCM SYSTEM

HINT: 1.

2.

3.

4.

50. MATCH
UNITS OF INFORMATION:
NO BASE OF LOG IS SPECIFIED

HARTLEY

BINIT
BASE e

BASE 10

51.------- is the interface device that maps the digital information.

HINT : Answer is in shuffled form
ODUATRMLO

NAT

52. Linearity of a modulation requires the principle of

HINT : S---R----T-O53. Fill The Remaining Letters
s

N
T

Which is known as set of all these signal waveforms .

Answer:
54. The modulated waveform carries imprint of --- information
Hint:
The waveform contains the answer

55. An waveform is distinguished by its ------, -----and----Hint: This waveform contain the answer

56. The rate at which the data sequence enters the modulator is ---Hint: One of the character in the name of the picture contains the answer

57.Message may be either---- or-----digits

Hint:Hundred/Hundred
58. The bit rate of binary is referred as-----bits/sec
Hint:Choose
A.Rb
B:Da
c.Rs
59.The bit rate of mary is referred as ---bits/sec
HINT: Choose
A.Rb
B:Da
c.Rs
60.The imprint of digital symbol can be placed on modulated waveform either influencing----,-----and---Hint:These waveform contains the answer

61.The modulated signal are classified as----- and----Hint: The graph shows that what

62.The------in the same block is actually nyquist pulse

Hint: The answer in zig zag waveform
B

O
A

E
R

S
E
B
O

63.Bandpass transmitter usually called as----64.ISI ALONG with-----poses considerable difficulty in detecting modulated signal
Hint:Intermediate between transmitter and receiver
65.Modulator have a ---66. Match the following:
a)PCM

ADAPTIVE

b)DM

LINEAR

c)ADPCM

BINARY

67. Telephone companies are normally provided a voltage of ----------to power telephones.
A)+24volt DC

B)-24volt DC

C)48 volt DC

D)-48 volt DC

68. That a waveform transmitted in any time interval depends on one or more previous -----symbol
Hint:

69.The baseband processor whose job is to imbibe----Hint:I S I - - - - - 70.In-----bandpass processor usually the pulseshaper block is omitted
Hints:It is important while running

71. What Does Mp Denotes In A-Law?

Hint:

72. What type of modulation is given by the following figure

73. Optimum baseband detector _ _ _ _ _ the detection error probability

Hint: the answer is used in computer if any files open this option will display

74. The optimum receiver can be implemented in either of two popular ways.
Hint: 1. One method is kind of filter. The before word is we use comparison.
2. Another one is we use in probability.
75.Different signal waveforms are generally derived from a signal pulse waveforms differing only in amplitude.
That in
__ __S__ __AN__

76. Match the following;

Analog signal

- audio

Wired

- electromagnetic wave

Storage

- optical fibre

Wireless

- telephone lines.

77. Match the following;

Telephony

-52Mbps

PCM

-2KHZ

ISDN

-64Kbps

DSL

-256Kbps.

78. Match the following:

Simple model

- additive noise channel

Band limit the signals

- linear time variant filter channel

Under water acoustic channel - linear filter channel

79. Match the following
a)NRZ-L=1 goes high for half the bit period.0 does nothing
b)NRZ-M =1 forces to high level.0 forces to low level.
c)NRZ-S=1 forces transistion.0 does nothing.
d)RZ

=1 does nothing.0 forces transistion.

c)Bipolar= The positive and negative pulses alternate.1 forces a positive or negative pulse for half the bit
period. 0 does nothing
80. Based on Bandwidth which of the following is correct statement
a)unipolar NRZ>bipolar NRZ>differential NRZ
b) unipolar NRZ>bipolar NRZ<differential NRZ
c) unipolar NRZ=bipolar NRZ=differential NRZ
d) unipolar NRZ<bipolar NRZ<differential NRZ
81.
82.
83.
84. Rearrange the jumbled word which is necessary to compressed for efficient transmission?
WITHDANDB
85.

86.

87. The function which obeys orthogonal property is ?

B

88. Find the missing letter ?

Hint:Collection of basis function.
B

89. Pick the odd one out:

Most manmade electro-magnetic noise occurs at frequencies below 500 MHz the most significant of these include:
A.

Hydro lines

B.

Ignition systems

C.

Fluorescent lights

D.

Thunder storms

90. Pick the odd one out:

A.
B.
C.
D.

Atmospheric noise
Industrial noise
Extraterrestrial noise
Transit time noise

91. Is it true that power of sum of two noise wave forms is equal to sum of individual powers?
92. ------ Similar to pink noise, but with different spectral content and different relationships , -------

noise has power density decreasing in logarithmic frequency space at 6 dB per octave, for -------noise it increases at 3 dB per octave, for -------- it increases at 6 dB per octave rate, for ------noise
it reduces first and then increases.
Choose the appropriate colour noise in the

93.How is this train of impulses also referred as?

94.

95. Fill in the blank box

96. What does this picture represent ?

97. Fill the box

Hint:In a QAM signal, there are two _______(1)_, each having the ______(2)_ frequency but
differing in _______(3) by 90 degrees.

98.

99.Match the following:

64
16
32

100. Match the following.

a.Two different phases are used to
represent two binary values.

- QPSK

b.Four different phases are used to

- BPSK

represent two binary values.

c.Each signal element represents

- QPSK

only one bit.

d.Each signal element represents
two bits

- BPSK

101.Types of digital modulation

`
Hint:
Across
1.AM comes at the back
3.It has four points in signal space diagram
5.It uses two frequencies.

Down
2.Also called as on-off keying
4.0 and 180 degree phase shift

102.
103.

104. Match:
(i)Rs>2W

= possible to remove ISI but practically it has disadvantages.

(ii)Rs<2W

= cannot design a design a system without ISI.

(iii)Rs=2w

= more immune to ISI.

105.Fill the box with appropriate answer

106. Fill in the missing block of the following general communication system.

107. Make up a quaternary PAM (4-ary pulse-amplitude mod.) system yourself and draw the waveform generated
by it when transmitting the sequence 01001011100111110100.

108. Find Adaptive M output binary stream for the following waveform. Use only two levels; 1=1 and 2=2.
A binary 0 at the output represents a decrement and a binary 1 represents an increment.

What will be the output

a.1111100101000101 b.1100010101011101 c.111111111010101
109. Given the sequence S={1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0} generated by adaptive delta modulation of two
increment/decrement values (let them be 1 and 2), draw the demodulator output.Find the best match.

a.

b.

c.

110. Draw 2-level Adaptive -Modulation-Demodulation output for the following waveform on the same grid. Let
=1 and 2=2. Zero is at the lower-left corner. Determine the binary stream when 0 represents a decrement and 1
represents an increment.

a. 111100010110101

b. 100100010110101 c. 111100010000101

111.What would be the matched filter response for the given waveform

a.

b.

c.

112.What would be the impulse response of the matched filter for the given waveform.

113. If The Number Of Step Size Increases,The Quantisation Noise-----------Hint:As The Stones Are Thrown In A Vessel Containing Water ,What Will Happen?
114. In Uniform Quantisation,The Characteristics Of Step Size Is----------Hint:
S - -S - -S - -S- -S- This Option Depicts The Answer
115.What Type Of Conversion Takes Place In Quantisation?
Hint:

116.More Number Of Levels Requires -----------------------Bandwidth For The Transmission Of The Quantised
Signal.
Hint:

117. The main aim of the Non Uniform Quantisation is to-------------------Hint:

118.Quantisaton Is An--------------------Process
Hint:This Figure Contains The Answer

119. -----------------------and quantized signals is transmitted through the channel at the receiver.
Hint:This Figure Contains The Answer

120.What Does Mp Denotes In A-Law?

Hint:

121.Non Uniform Quantisation shows the---------------properties of human speech.

Hint:It Is Used In Probability

122. The decrease in the step size decreases the quantisation noise with the decrease in channel
_______________Immunity.
Hint:

123.Crest Factor Describes How Strong The Signal Peak Value Is With Respect To-------Value
Hint:Rocket Moving Soon
This sentence has the answer
124. The Step Size between Quantization Levels Called the-------------------Intervals
Hint: Answer in Box
Q

L
E

TI

125.The Problem In Uniform Quantisation Is The Real Audio Signal Is Concentrated Near ---------Hint:

The Above Figure Depicts The Answer.

126. Human Is More Sensitive To Quantization Error at ----------Value
Hint:

123456
127. The Uniform Quantization can be used only for predefined ______________
Hint:

128. The Non Uniform Quantization can be used for real time application like_________________
Hint:

129. The mid tread and mid raiser are under the classification of ________________Quantisation.
Hint:

130. The A-Law and Mu-Law are purely based on __________________Function.

Hint:

131.The Aim Of Non-Uniform Quantization Is To _____________Over All Snr By Reducing Quantizatoin Noise
For The Weak Signal.
Hint:

A Student Secured 65% In His First Semester And 85% In Second Semester.The Action Depicts??
132.In Non Uniform Quantization Step Is Made ___________For Smaller Signal And -----------------For Larger
Signal.
Hint:

Lll sss.
l S

133.Type of modulation with 4 phases of carrier

134. Arrange the following picture based on cut shape and type of waveform

135. Arrange the following picture based on cut shape and the basic communication model

136. Puzzle: its a type of error checking codes and algorithm

137.Replace the & symbol

& I G N A L
P
A
C
E
Which is known as minimum number of basis function (or) set of signals.
138.Replace @ Symbol
B
A
@
I
@
Which is known as collection of basis function.
ANSWER: S
139. Replace the $ symbol

O
$

That is the view of the signal wave from that is highly useful for detection of transmitted signals.
ANSWER: E
140.Fill The Remaining Letters
s

T
Which is known as set of all these signal waveforms .
141.Find Out The Word
2

19

19

Function.It is a collection of the minimum number of function .

ANSWER: 2B,1A,19S,9I,19S.(ALPHABETIC ORDER NUMBER )
BASIS.
142.Suppose we have a set of finite

Signal waveforms a set of orthonormal

14

18

19

25

19

Function.
ANSWER: ENERGY &BASIS.
143.Give The Correct Sentence .
Fi the dimensionality fo the signal ecaps corresponding to eht given M langis waveforms is osla M.
ANSWER: if the dimensionality of the signal space corresponding to the given M signal waveform is
also M.
144.Give The Correct Sentence
Noitcelloc of eht minimum rebmun of noitcnuf is dellac basis noitcnuf.
ANSWER: collection of the minimum number of function is called basis function.

145.Types of noise:

Across
3. He ___ a man with a gun
4. Heat energy
5. The name of a baby soap brand
Down
1. An alien
2. A color
SOLUTION:
1. Extraterrestrial
2. White
3. Shot
4. Thermal
5. Johnson

146. Fill the blanks

147. Unscramble each of the clue words.

Copy the letters in the numbered cells to other cells with the same number.

Solution:
White
Nonwhite
Gaussian
External
Pink
Brown
NOISE
148. Unscramble each of the clue words.
Take the letters that appear in boxes and unscramble them for the final message.

Solution:
Random
Movement
Electrons
Holes
Junction
Noise
SHOT NOISE
149.With sinusoidal carrier, the feature that is used by the modulator to
step change in frequency this is called----

distinguish one signal from another is

CLUE:

Starting letter of a fruit

Answer:FSK
150. Which signal is mostly used

CLUE: 1) starting letter of the row is FLOWER and column is POWER

Ending letter of the column and row is KEY
Ans : PSK &FSK

151.In a binary fsk system, symbol __ & __ are distinguished from each other by transmitting one of two sinusoidal
waves

CLUE: the answers are hide in the two pictures out of three
pictures
Ans: 0 & 1
152. Average probability of signal error is

for__ __ ___binary fsk

E
R

CLUE: arrange the letters you get the answer

ANS: coherent
153) Wave forms having __ __ __amplitude but different frequencies this is called FSK

CLUE: The answer is hide in this picture

154) All the FSK waveforms have equal ----CLUE:

Without this cant do anything

__ __E__ __Y
Ans : Energy
155. Frequency deviation 2*2fats=2p for binary FSK & p=1 this continuous phase FSK signal is called-----FSK
__ __ N __ E `s FSK
CLUE:

E
U

Arrange letters from this circles

Ans: sunde`s FSK
156. Prime application of multioscillator FSK is-----Hint: 1) It is a type of telephoney

2) It is also called as another name of mobile

Ans: cellular telephoney
157.Optimum baseband detector _ _ _ _ _ the detection error probability

MAXIMIZE
MINIMIZE
EQUALIZE

NORMALIZE

Hint: the answer is used in computer if any files open this option will display

ANS: minimize
158. The optimum receiver can be implemented in either of two popular ways.
Hint: 1. One method is kind of filter. The before word is we use comparison.
2. Another one is we use in probability.
159. Different signal waveforms are generally derived from a signal pulse waveforms differing only in amplitude.
That is

B
A
L
L
S
A
E
U
R
O
S
E
P
Q
F
E
I
W
R
U
G
J
P
R
W
K
R
V
X
V
B
J
CLUE: Using identity matrix you get a answer

O
C
M
O
B
F
Y
F

X
D
O
Y
P
A
C
I

Z
H
A
L
X
O
N
P

L
Q
P
I
N
Y
O
D

ANS: baseband
160.The correlation or matched filter filters need to be completely different waveforms in.

Hint: It is type of filter

CLUE: Starting letter is from nose and ending letter is placed in mouth

B
Ans : Bandpass
161. The code bits are converted into -------- waveforms
Hint: a. It is measured from our heart beats.

162. If the signal m(t) changes so fast that the predicted signal m^q(t) cannot follow it, the system
noise.
Hint:
a. if one end is higher than the another, what will you say?
b. the things are so heavy to carry.
If you join this, you will get the answer.
163. ------------------------------ is a more powerful parameter for digital waveform.
Hint:boost
164. Energy signal has --------------average power

D
P

s S
S

Hint: 1.

2)it is also represented in binary

165.I am the receiver block with an ability to tackle ISI , guess who I am?

Equalizing filter_
166. It is vital in delivering information about ISI and noise impairments of the system?

Eye pattern

ANSWERS
1.

BINARY(8,8,NE)
CODE(1,1,S)
CYCLIC(6,11,W)
DECODING(7,8,SE)
DIGITAL(1,7,NE)
EFFICIENCY(2,1,SE)
ERROR(15,2,S)
FREQUENCY(12,9,NW)
HAMMING(12,7,NW)
PARITY(14,1,S)
PERFORMANCE(11,14,W)
PHASE(12,5,NW)
POLYNOMIAL(13,1,SW)
REDUNDANCY(10,12,W)
SHIFT(1,5,NE)
SPECTRAL(8,13,W)
SYNDROME(13,6,S)
SYSTEMATIC(11,1,SW)
TRELLIS(3,7,NE)
AMPLITUDE SHIFT KEYING

2. SPREAD SPECTRUM
3. MIDPOINT QUANTIZATION
4. PERFORMANCE, WIRELESS, TWISTED PAIR, SPECTRAL EFFICIENCY, COAXIAL , OPTICAL FIBRE, LINEAR,
COMMUNICATION
5.

ANSWER

6. DELTA MODULATION
7.

8.

9.

Bit value Amplitude Phase shift

000

None

001

None

010

1/4

011

1/4

100

1/2

101

1/2

110

3/4

111

3/4

10. CONVOLUTIONAL CODING, BLOCK CODES, HAMMING ERROR CORRECTING

11. SOURCE ENCODER, SOURCE DECODER
12. BIT ERROR RATE

13. DELTA MODULATION.

14. CHANNEL, USER, SOURCE, RECEIVER, MESSAGE
15. a-3 , b-1, c-4 and d-2
16. envelope detector. It is AM detection technique whereas all the others are FM detection
technique.
17. a) discriminator b) distortion c) oscillator d) broadband
18. White, Nonwhite, Gaussian, Pink, Brown, NOISE
19.
20.
21.

TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING

22.

SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO

23.

a-3, b-1, c-5, d-2, e-6, f- 4

24.

SOURCE, TRANSMITTER, CHANNEL, RECEIVER, MODULATION, AMPLITUDE, FREQUENCY, PHASE,

BANDWIDTH, POSITION

25. ANS: BALANCED MODULATOR

26. ANS: THRESHOLD EFFECT
27. ANS: PRE EMPHASIS
28.

6. COMMUNICATION
1. WIDEBANDFM
2. MODULATION
3. PHASEMODULATION
4. CHANNEL
5. DIGITAL
7. ANALOG
29. Transmission bandwidth in vestigial sideband modulation is twice the modulating frequency
30. Ans: a. Represents time domain representation of an impulse signal
Represents frequency domain representation of an impulse signal
31. Ans:
GRANULAR
SLOPEOVERLOAD
DELTA
AMPLITUDE
POSITION
SAMPLING
QUANTISATION
THRESHOLD
DIGITAL

32. ANSWER: PHASE SHIFT KEYING

33. Ans: Digitizing the text needs only encoding
34. Ans: Filtering the analog signal before sampling is called prefiltering
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.

Sampling the analog signal before filtering is called postfiltering

INFINITE
L LEVELS
Ans: Quantization error is the difference between message signal and quantized signal.
Ans: Continuously variable slope delta modulation
Quadrature mirror filter
Ans: Information (I) should be positive I >=0
Ans: Rectification of error needs more redundancy

44. PARITY CHECK CODE WITH EVEN NUMBER OF 1S IS CALLED EVEN AND IF IT HAS ODD NUMBER OF
1S IT IS CALLED ODD PARITY BITS.
45. LONGITUDINAL REDUNDANCY CHECK
46.

47. BLOCK CODES, CONVOLUTIONAL CODES

48. SLOPE OVERLOAD AND GRANULAR NOISE
49. ALIASING, QUANTISATION, CHANNEL, INTERSYMBOL

50.

51. MODULATOR
52. SUPERPOSITION

53. Signalling set

54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.

INPUT SIGNAL
AMPLITUDE AND TIME PERIOD
BIT RATE
OS OR 1S
Rb
Rs
ASK,PSK & FSK
LINEAR AND NON-LINEAR
BASEBAND
MODULATED SIGNAL
CHANNEL
INPUT AND CARRIER
a)PCM

BINARY

b)DM

LINEAR

c)ADPCM

ADAPTIVE

67. ANS:D

68. TIME
69. ISI IMMUNITY
70. LINE CODERS
71. Answer: Peak
72. QPSK
73. MINIMIZES
74. MATCHED FILTER, CORRELATOR FILTER
75. ANS: baseband

76. Analog signal

- OPTICAL FIBRE

Wired

- TELEPHONE LINE

Storage

- AUDIO

Wireless

- ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES

77. Telephony

78.

-256 kbps

PCM

-64kbps

ISDN

-2 KHz

DSL

-52Mbps
Simple model

Band limit the signals

- additive noise channel

- linear filter channel

Under water acoustic channel - linear time variant filter channel

79.

a) NRZ-L= 1 goes high for half the bit period.0 does nothing
b)NRZ-M =1 forces to high level.0 forces to low level.
c)NRZ-S=1 does nothing.0 forces transistion
d)RZ

80.

=1 forces transistion.0 does nothing.

d) unipolar NRZ<bipolar NRZ<differential NRZ

81.
82.
83.
84. BANDWIDTH
85.

SINC SIGNAL

86.

87. BASIS FUNCTION

88.

BASIS SET

89.
90.

Thunder storms
Transit time noise

91. Answer: yes

92.

RED, PINK, BLUE, VIOLET, BROWN

93.
94.
95.
96.
97.
98.
99.
100.
101.
102.
103.

IMPULSE TRAIN
SERIAL TO PARALLEL CONVERTOR
SIGNAL SPACE DIAGRAM
CARRIERS, SAME, PHASE
16, 64, 32
A. BPSK, B. QPSK, C. BPSK, D. QPSK
1. PAM, 2. ASK, 3. QPSK, 4. PSK, 5. FSK

104. i)Rs>2W
.

= more immune to ISI.

(ii)Rs<2W

= cannot design a design a system without ISI.

(iii)Rs=2w

= possible to remove ISI but practically it has disadvantages

105.

QUANTIZER, ENCODER

106.

SOURCE ENCODER, SOURCE DECODER, CHANNEL

107.
108.

1111100101000101

109.

110.

a. 111100010110101

111.
112.
113.

INCREASES

114.

UNIFORM STEPSIZE

115.

ANALOG TO DIGITAL

116.

HIGH

117.

MAINTAIN LINEARITY

118.

MAPPING

119.

SAMPLING

120.

PEAK

121.

STATISTICAL

122.

NOISE

123.

RMS

124.

QUANTILE

125.

ZEROS

126.

VERY LOWER AND HIGHER FREQUENCIES

127.

WAVEFORMS

128.

SPEECH SIGNALS

129.

UNIFORM

130.

COMPANDING

131.

INCREASE

132.

SMALLER , LARGER

133.

QUADRATURE MODULATION

134.
135.
136.

4. CONVOLUTIONAL, 1. BLOCK, 2. CYCLIC, 3. SYNDROME

137.

138.

S, S

139.

GEOMETRIC

140.

SIGNALING SET

141.

BASIS.

142.

ENERGY &BASIS.

143.
M.

if the dimensionality of the signal space corresponding to the given M signal waveform is also

144.

Collection of the minimum number of function is called basis function

145.

1. Extraterrestrial

2. White

3. Shot

4. Thermal

147.

White, Nonwhite,

Gaussian,

External,

Pink,

148.

Random ,

149.

FSK

150.

PSK &FSK

5. Johnson

146.

Movement ,

Electrons ,

Brown, NOISE

Holes , Junction, Noise, SHOT NOISE

151.

0&1

152.

coherent

153.

SAME

154.

Energy

155.

sunde`s FSK

156.

cellular telephoney

157.

minimize

158.

MATCH, STATISTICAL

159.

baseband

160.

Bandpass

161.

PULSE

162.

INCREASES

163.

ENERGY

164.

165.

EQUALIZING FILTER

166.

EYE PATTERN